暑假作业02 动词时态 (将来时、完成时)-【暑假分层作业】2024年高一英语暑假培优练（人教版2019）

完成时间： 月 日 天气： 作业02 动词时态 (将来时、完成时) 将来时态 1.一般将来时 ①“will/shall＋动词原形”表示现在看将来要发生的动作或存在的状态。“will＋动词原形”还可以表示说话人临时作出的决定。 It is said that he will retire next month.据说他将于下月卸任。 ②“be going to＋动词原形”表示打算、计划、决定要做的事或肯定要发生的事；表示说话人根据已有的事实或迹象，推测某事即将发生。 Look at the cloud. It looks as if it is going to rain．瞧那乌云，天要下雨了。 ③“be about to＋动词原形”表示打算或根据安排即将发生的动作。它不与表示具体时间的状语连用，但可以与when连用。 The English Evening is about to start．英语晚会即将开始。 ④“be to＋动词原形”表示约定的、计划中的或按职责、义务将要发生的动作，这种动作通常是人的意志所能控制的，或用于征求意见。 You are to hand in your papers by 10 o'clock.你要10点前交上论文。 2．过去将来时 表示从过去的某一时间来看将来要发生的动作或存在的状态。过去将来时常用于宾语从句和间接引语中。 She was sure she would succeed．她确信她会成功。 单句语法填空/完成句子 1．And ineffective tilling means some seeds won't take and yield ________ (drop)．[2023·福建省高三百校联合测评] 2．如果你努力，就会成功的。(祈使句＋and＋陈述句) ________________________________________________________________________ 3．这条公路将在五月份通车。(be to do) ________________________________________________________________________ 4．今年冬天我打算买一件新大衣。(be going to) ________________________________________________________________________ 完成时态 1.现在完成时 ①表示过去发生的动作对现在产生的影响或结果，或说话时刚刚完成的动作。常与recently, lately, up to/till now, so far, in the past/last few months/years...等连用。 China's high-speed railways have grown from 9，000 to 25，000 kilometers in the past few years. 在过去的几年中，中国的高速铁路从9000公里增长到25000公里。 ②表示从过去开始，持续到现在的动作或状态，往往和“for...”“since...”表述的时间状语连用。 They have worked here since they left college.自从大学毕业他们就在这儿工作了。 2．过去完成时 ①表示从过去某一时刻开始，一直延续到过去另一时刻的动作或状态，即“从过去到过去”。 When Jack arrived, Mary had been away for almost an hour.当杰克到达时，玛丽已经离开快一个小时了。 ②在“hardly/scarcely...when...”“no sooner...than...”句型结构中，主句用过去完成时，且常用部分倒装，从句用一般过去时，意为“一……就……”。 We had no sooner been seated than the bus started.我们刚落座，公共汽车就开动了。 ③在by, by the end of, by the time, until, before等后接表示过去某一时间的短语或从句，其谓语动词则表示在某一时刻或某一动作之前已经完成了的动作，即“过去的过去”。 By the end of last year, we had produced 20，000 cars.到去年年底，我们已经生产了20 000辆汽车。 ④表示过去未曾实现的希望、打算、意图、诺言等。常用had hoped/planned/meant/intended/thought/wanted/expected等，或用上述动词的过去式接不定式的完成式表示，即“hoped/planned...＋to have done”。 I had hoped to send Peter a gift to congratulate him on his marriage, but I couldn't manage it.我本希望送彼得一件礼物，祝贺他结婚，但我做不到。 单句语法填空 1．Since then, all government units, organizations and streets communities ________ (organize) a yearly autumn trip for those who have retired from their posts.[2023·泰安市高考全真模拟] 2．In the past few years, the country ________ (enhance) legal and technological support for the protection of its world natural heritage, establishing a management system with Chinese characteristics.[2023·湖北省第一次质量监测] 3．Opening in July, the exhibition will last for three years. It is the first time that the Dunhuang Academy ________ (hold) such a long exhibition in Beijing.[2023·高三日照市校际联合考试] 4．By the end of 2021, the “digital Dunhuang project” ______________(complete) the digital collection of 268 grottoes.[2023·聊城模拟] 严重干旱影响欧洲多国民生 With a long drought this summer, the iconic Dutch flood control project, 1 (consist) of a major dam and a causeway, has kept its flood gates 2 (close) to prevent fresh water from flowing into the sea and help Lake IJssel maintain its water level. For hundreds of years, flooding has always been a problem for the Dutch people, 3 have built infrastructures (基础设施) including dams and dykes 4 (protect) some 55 percent flood-prone areas in the country. This summer, the Netherlands has once again encountered 5 extreme drought, with the water level of inland rivers and lakes declining to historical lows(最低点). Agriculture, shipping and nature are 6 (particular) affected. At the same time, similar 7 (scene) of drought and water scarcity(水荒) have occurred in some other European countries. In Slovenia, water-saving measures 8 (take) since early July, including restrictions on beach showers, lawn watering, car washes, swimming pool filling and private yard washing. In Belgium, 18 cities in the southern French-speaking Wallonia region have also adopted water restrictions, with 9 five cities closely monitoring the situation. In Spain, some supermarkets have started rationing (定量分配) ice cubes, and several supermarket chains have limited customers 10 two bags of ice per person. Climate experts point out that climate change is behind the current extreme drought in Europe. 一 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 In view of the importance of the control and 1 (prevent) of the COVID-19, 100 restaurants across Shanghai advocated the use of serving utensils (器具). Chinese people often eat together and share their 2 (dish) with others. The new system suggests 3 (add) separate chopsticks and spoons for serving when people dine together. Such a change of etiquette (礼仪) allows diners 4 (avoid) using their own chopsticks to pick food from the plates, and therefore 5 (great) reduces the chances of spread of many diseases. Many restaurants adopted the policy after the Municipal Office for Civilized Society published the suggestion, 6 also encourages the public to use separate utensils for 7 (share) food at home. According to Qu Qi, a person in charge 8 a restaurant in Xuhui district, a sign 9 (put) up on the tables to inform people of the importance of using serving utensils, since the start of business on February 21. The waiters and waitresses are also trained to supply a separate spoon or pair of chopsticks for the diners. So far, 10 service has been well accepted by the majority of the public. This will be a long-term measure. In the future, each diner on the table will have their own serving chopsticks and spoons so as to prevent sharing of any manner of viruses and bacteria. 二 阅读下面短文, 在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 In Canada we have Chinese restaurants, most of 1 are very good. And when in China I had many chances 2 (eat) in a lot of different restaurants. It has been long since I left China, but 3 I still miss is the Chinese cuisine. My favourite street food there is Jianbing. It is made on a round pan where some liquid batter (面糊) is poured, which is thinly spread by a wooden tool like a knife. The batter 4 (immediate) forms a circle about twenty centimeters across. An egg will be spread over 5 (it) back with onion pieces and different 6 (sort) of spicy ingredients, and then a thin crisp cake is placed on the top. With the cooked batter skin folded over the cake, 7 whole thing is folded in half. Then I can take it anywhere to eat after it 8 (wrap) in a paper cover. Despite simple cooking 9 (equip), it is always tasty and I feel at home with food from China. To me, there’s nothing better than a cross-cultural combination 10 Chinese Jianbing and a glass of milk with maple syrup. 三 阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 You can tell a lot about a man by how he treats his dogs. For many years, I enjoyed living with my dogs, Tilly and Chance. Their ___1___ was nearly enough to keep my loneliness at bay. Nearly. Last year, I started dating, but with ___2___. When I first dated Steve, I ___3___ he had a dog, Molly, and a cat, Flora. While I was ___4___ that he was an animal lover, I ___5___ that three dogs were perhaps too many, and my dogs might attack ___6___, the cat. The next week we ___7___ our dogs together. It was a hot day. When we paused to catch our ___8___, Steve got down on one knee. Was he proposing (求婚)? I liked him too, but so ___9___? He poured water from a bottle into his hand and offered it to my dogs. ______10______, I began to fall for him. We ______11______ to date, though neither of us brought up the future. And then in late November, Tilly had an operation on her ______12______. I took the dogs out four times a day, and I worried that Tilly ______13______ climbing the stairs could reopen the wound. Then Steve ______14______ his house. All worked ______15______. The three dogs formed a pack that, with coaching, ______16______ Flora’s space; Steve and I formed a good team ______17______ for Tilly. We made good housemates. A year later, much to my ______18______, this man produced a little box with a ring and proposed to me. He did not kneel (跪) down, nor did I ______19______ him to. That’s only for giving ______20______ to the dogs that brought us together. 1. A. ownership B. membership C. companionship D. leadership 2. A. reservations B. expectations C. confidence D. prejudice 3. A. feared B. doubted C. hoped D. learned 4. A. unsatisfied B. amused C. terrified D. thrilled 5. A. predicted B. worried C. regretted D. insisted 6. A. Flora B. Chance C. Molly D. Tilly 7. A. tied B. walked C. bathed D. fed 8. A. breath B. balance C. attention D. imagination 9. A. calm B. sure C. soon D. real 10. A. By the way B. In that case C. By all means D. In that moment 11. A. continued B. decided C. intended D. pretended 12. A. eye B. tail C. ear D. leg 13. A. secretly B. constantly C. eventually D. unwillingly 14. A. left B. sold C. suggested D. searched 15. A. late B. hard C. fine D. free 16. A. emptied B. respected C. occupied D. discovered 17. A. looking B. caring C. waiting D. calling 18. A. delight B. credit C. interest D. disadvantage 19. A. beg B. trust C. need D. aid 20. A. toys B. awards C. food D. water 四 Over the last seven years, most states have banned texting by drivers, and public service campaigns have tried a wide range of methods to persuade people to put down their phones when they are behind the wheel. Yet the problem, by just about any measure, appears to be getting worse. Americans are still texting while driving, as well as using social networks and taking photos. Road accidents, which had fallen for years, are now rising sharply. That is partly because people are driving more, but Mark Rosekind, the chief of the National Highway Traffic Safety Administration, said distracted（分心）driving was "only increasing, unfortunately." "Big change requires big ideas." he said in a speech last month, referring broadly to the need to improve road safety. So to try to change a distinctly modern behavior, lawmakers and public health experts are reaching back to an old approach: They want to treat distracted driving like drunk driving. An idea from lawmakers in New York is to give police officers a new device called the Textalyzer. It would work like this: An officer arriving at the scene of a crash could ask for the phones of the drivers and use the Textalyzer to check in the operating system for recent activity. The technology could determine whether a driver had just texted, emailed or done anything else that is not allowed under New York's hands-free driving laws. "We need something on the books that can change people's behavior,” said Félix W. Ortiz, who pushed for the state's 2001 ban on hand-held devices by drivers. If the Textalyzer bill becomes law, he said, "people are going to be more afraid to put their hands on the cell phone." 1. Which of the following best describes the ban on drivers' texting in the US? A. Ineffective. B. Unnecessary. C. Inconsistent. D. Unfair. 2. What can the Textalyzer help a police officer find out? A. Where a driver came from. B. Whether a driver used their phone. C. How fast a driver was going. D. When a driver arrived at the scene. 3. What does the underlined word "something" in the last paragraph refer to? A. Advice. B. Data. C. Tests. D. Laws. 4. What is a suitable title for the text? A. To Drive or Not to Drive? Think Before You Start B. Texting and Driving? Watch Out for the Textalyzer C. New York Banning Hand-Held Devices by Drivers. D. The Next Generation Cell Phone: The Textalyzer- ( 2 )原创精品资源学科网独家享有版权，侵权必究！ 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$ 完成时间： 月 日 天气： 作业02 动词时态 (将来时、完成时) 将来时态 1.一般将来时 ①“will/shall＋动词原形”表示现在看将来要发生的动作或存在的状态。“will＋动词原形”还可以表示说话人临时作出的决定。 It is said that he will retire next month.据说他将于下月卸任。 ②“be going to＋动词原形”表示打算、计划、决定要做的事或肯定要发生的事；表示说话人根据已有的事实或迹象，推测某事即将发生。 Look at the cloud. It looks as if it is going to rain．瞧那乌云，天要下雨了。 ③“be about to＋动词原形”表示打算或根据安排即将发生的动作。它不与表示具体时间的状语连用，但可以与when连用。 The English Evening is about to start．英语晚会即将开始。 ④“be to＋动词原形”表示约定的、计划中的或按职责、义务将要发生的动作，这种动作通常是人的意志所能控制的，或用于征求意见。 You are to hand in your papers by 10 o'clock.你要10点前交上论文。 2．过去将来时 表示从过去的某一时间来看将来要发生的动作或存在的状态。过去将来时常用于宾语从句和间接引语中。 She was sure she would succeed．她确信她会成功。 单句语法填空/完成句子 1．And ineffective tilling means some seeds won't take and yield ________ (drop)．[2023·福建省高三百校联合测评] 2．如果你努力，就会成功的。(祈使句＋and＋陈述句) ________________________________________________________________________ 3．这条公路将在五月份通车。(be to do) ________________________________________________________________________ 4．今年冬天我打算买一件新大衣。(be going to) ________________________________________________________________________ 1．答案与解析：will drop　考查时态。设空处在句中作谓语，and是并列连词，前后时态一般保持一致， won't take 的提示可知，设空处为一般将来时， 故填will drop。 2．Work hard and you will succeed. 3．The highway is to be open to traffic in May. 4．I'm going to buy a new coat this winter. 完成时态 1.现在完成时 ①表示过去发生的动作对现在产生的影响或结果，或说话时刚刚完成的动作。常与recently, lately, up to/till now, so far, in the past/last few months/years...等连用。 China's high-speed railways have grown from 9，000 to 25，000 kilometers in the past few years. 在过去的几年中，中国的高速铁路从9000公里增长到25000公里。 ②表示从过去开始，持续到现在的动作或状态，往往和“for...”“since...”表述的时间状语连用。 They have worked here since they left college.自从大学毕业他们就在这儿工作了。 2．过去完成时 ①表示从过去某一时刻开始，一直延续到过去另一时刻的动作或状态，即“从过去到过去”。 When Jack arrived, Mary had been away for almost an hour.当杰克到达时，玛丽已经离开快一个小时了。 ②在“hardly/scarcely...when...”“no sooner...than...”句型结构中，主句用过去完成时，且常用部分倒装，从句用一般过去时，意为“一……就……”。 We had no sooner been seated than the bus started.我们刚落座，公共汽车就开动了。 ③在by, by the end of, by the time, until, before等后接表示过去某一时间的短语或从句，其谓语动词则表示在某一时刻或某一动作之前已经完成了的动作，即“过去的过去”。 By the end of last year, we had produced 20，000 cars.到去年年底，我们已经生产了20 000辆汽车。 ④表示过去未曾实现的希望、打算、意图、诺言等。常用had hoped/planned/meant/intended/thought/wanted/expected等，或用上述动词的过去式接不定式的完成式表示，即“hoped/planned...＋to have done”。 I had hoped to send Peter a gift to congratulate him on his marriage, but I couldn't manage it.我本希望送彼得一件礼物，祝贺他结婚，但我做不到。 单句语法填空 1．Since then, all government units, organizations and streets communities ________ (organize) a yearly autumn trip for those who have retired from their posts.[2023·泰安市高考全真模拟] 2．In the past few years, the country ________ (enhance) legal and technological support for the protection of its world natural heritage, establishing a management system with Chinese characteristics.[2023·湖北省第一次质量监测] 3．Opening in July, the exhibition will last for three years. It is the first time that the Dunhuang Academy ________ (hold) such a long exhibition in Beijing.[2023·高三日照市校际联合考试] 4．By the end of 2021, the “digital Dunhuang project” ______________(complete) the digital collection of 268 grottoes.[2023·聊城模拟] 1．答案与解析：have organized/have been organizing　考查时态和主谓一致。句意：从那时起，所有政府单位、组织和街道社区每年都为退休人员组织一次秋季旅行。由“Since then”可知，句子时态用现在完成时，也可用现在完成进行时来表示这个事情将会继续下去，故填have organized/have been organizing。 2．答案与解析：has enhanced　谓语动词的时态、语态和主谓一致。分析句子结构可知，空处作谓语。结合时间状语“In the past few years”可知，时态用现在完成时； the country和enhance之间为主动关系；主语the country为第三人称单数。故填has enhanced。 3．答案与解析：has held　动词的时态和语态。句意：这是敦煌研究院第一次在北京举办这么长时间的展览。在“It is the first/second/third/...time＋从句”结构中，从句中的谓语动词用现在完成时；又因the Dunhuang Academy为第三人称单数，故填has held。 4．答案与解析：had completed　由时间状语“By the end of 2021”可知， 该句应用过去完成时。 严重干旱影响欧洲多国民生 With a long drought this summer, the iconic Dutch flood control project, 1 (consist) of a major dam and a causeway, has kept its flood gates 2 (close) to prevent fresh water from flowing into the sea and help Lake IJssel maintain its water level. For hundreds of years, flooding has always been a problem for the Dutch people, 3 have built infrastructures (基础设施) including dams and dykes 4 (protect) some 55 percent flood-prone areas in the country. This summer, the Netherlands has once again encountered 5 extreme drought, with the water level of inland rivers and lakes declining to historical lows(最低点). Agriculture, shipping and nature are 6 (particular) affected. At the same time, similar 7 (scene) of drought and water scarcity(水荒) have occurred in some other European countries. In Slovenia, water-saving measures 8 (take) since early July, including restrictions on beach showers, lawn watering, car washes, swimming pool filling and private yard washing. In Belgium, 18 cities in the southern French-speaking Wallonia region have also adopted water restrictions, with 9 five cities closely monitoring the situation. In Spain, some supermarkets have started rationing (定量分配) ice cubes, and several supermarket chains have limited customers 10 two bags of ice per person. Climate experts point out that climate change is behind the current extreme drought in Europe. 1. consisting 2. closed 3. who 4. to protect 5. an 6. particularly 7. scenes 8. have been taken 9. another 10. to 【语篇解读】这是一篇说明文，介绍长期干旱已经严重影响欧洲各国民生。 1. consisting。本题考查非谓语动词的用法。Consist of…表示“由……组成”，不能用于被动语态，只能用现在分词形式作定语。故填consisting。 2. closed。本题考查非谓语动词的用法。Keep … closed是过去分词短语作宾语补足语，表示二者之间被动关系。故填closed。 3. who。本题考查定语从句的用法。结合语境应用关系代词who引导定语从句，并充当其主语，指人。故填who。 4. to protect。本题考查非谓语动词的用法。结合语境应用动词不定式短语作目的状语。故填to protect。 5. an。本题考查冠词的用法。an extreme drought表示“一次严重干旱”。故填an。 6. particularly。本题考查副词的用法。修饰动词应用副词。故填particularly。 7. scenes。本题考查名词的用法。结合语境这样的场面不止一次，谓语动词have occurred暗示用复数形式。故填scenes。 8. have been taken。本题考查动词时态的用法。since early July短语应与现在完成时连用，同时又是被动含义。故填have been taken。 9. another。本题考查不定代词的用法。Another常用在复数名词前，表示“另外几个……”。故填another。 10. to。本题考查介词的用法。Limit…to…是固定搭配，表示“把……限制在……范围内”。故填to。 一 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 In view of the importance of the control and 1 (prevent) of the COVID-19, 100 restaurants across Shanghai advocated the use of serving utensils (器具). Chinese people often eat together and share their 2 (dish) with others. The new system suggests 3 (add) separate chopsticks and spoons for serving when people dine together. Such a change of etiquette (礼仪) allows diners 4 (avoid) using their own chopsticks to pick food from the plates, and therefore 5 (great) reduces the chances of spread of many diseases. Many restaurants adopted the policy after the Municipal Office for Civilized Society published the suggestion, 6 also encourages the public to use separate utensils for 7 (share) food at home. According to Qu Qi, a person in charge 8 a restaurant in Xuhui district, a sign 9 (put) up on the tables to inform people of the importance of using serving utensils, since the start of business on February 21. The waiters and waitresses are also trained to supply a separate spoon or pair of chopsticks for the diners. So far, 10 service has been well accepted by the majority of the public. This will be a long-term measure. In the future, each diner on the table will have their own serving chopsticks and spoons so as to prevent sharing of any manner of viruses and bacteria. 1. prevention 2. dishes 3. adding 4. to avoid 5. greatly 6. which 7. shared 8. of 9. has been put 10. the 【导语】本文是一篇新闻报道。在目前新型冠状病毒疫情防控形势下，上海100家餐馆倡议在就餐时使用公筷公勺。公筷公勺最大的好处是能减少交叉污染、减少病从口入。 1. 考查名词。句意：这是控制和阻止新冠肺炎的重要一点。空前的连词and连接的是两个由定冠词the修饰的名词，故此处用所给词的名词形式。prevention“阻止”是抽象名词，不可数。故填prevention。 2. 考查名词复数。句意：中国人通常在一块吃饭，并共同享用菜肴。dish是可数名词，且在此处由their修饰，用所给词的复数。故填dishes。 3. 考查非谓语动词。句意：新的制度建议，在人们起进餐的时候增加分开的筷子和勺子。分析句子成分可知，此处用所给词的动名词形式作suggest的宾语，suggest doing“建议做某事”。故填adding。 4. 考查非谓语动词。句意：这样一种礼仪上的变化允许就餐者避免用自己的筷子从盘子里夹菜，因此，极大地减少了疾病的传播。allow sb. to do sth.“允许某人做某事”，此处为动词不定式作宾语补足语。故填to avoid。5. 考查副词。句意：这样一种礼仪上的变化允许就餐者避免用自己的筷子从盘子里夹菜，因此，极大地减少了疾病的传播。此处用所给词的副词形式修饰动词reduces。故填greatly。 6. 考查定语从句。句意：很多饭店在市文明社会办公室公布这一建议之后采用了这项政策，这也鼓励公众在家里分享食物的时候使用分开的器具。分析句子结构可知，该空引导的是一个非限制性定语从句，从句缺少主语且先行词为suggestion，故此处用关系代词which引导从句。故填which。 7. 考查过去分词。句意：鼓励市民在家中使用不同的用具分享食物。此空修饰后面的名词food，指分享的食物。故填shared。 8. 考查介词。句意：根据负责徐汇区一家饭店的屈奇（音译）所说，从2月21号开始营业以来，一个标志牌已经被摆放在桌子上告知人们使用餐具的重要性。此处为固定短语in charge of“主管，负责……”。故填of。 9. 考查动词时态及语态。句意：根据负责徐汇区一家饭店的屈奇（音译）所说，从2月21号开始营业以来，一个标志牌已经被摆放在桌子上告知人们使用餐具的重要性。空处为句子谓语动词，根据时间状语since the start of business on February 21可判断，用现在完成时；主语a sign与put之间为被动关系，因此用现在完成时的被动语态。主语是第三人称单数，助动词用has。故填has been put。 10. 考查冠词。句意：到目前为止，这项服务被大部分公众所接受。根据句意可知，此处特指“提供公共餐具的这种服务”，故用定冠词。故填the。 二 阅读下面短文, 在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 In Canada we have Chinese restaurants, most of 1 are very good. And when in China I had many chances 2 (eat) in a lot of different restaurants. It has been long since I left China, but 3 I still miss is the Chinese cuisine. My favourite street food there is Jianbing. It is made on a round pan where some liquid batter (面糊) is poured, which is thinly spread by a wooden tool like a knife. The batter 4 (immediate) forms a circle about twenty centimeters across. An egg will be spread over 5 (it) back with onion pieces and different 6 (sort) of spicy ingredients, and then a thin crisp cake is placed on the top. With the cooked batter skin folded over the cake, 7 whole thing is folded in half. Then I can take it anywhere to eat after it 8 (wrap) in a paper cover. Despite simple cooking 9 (equip), it is always tasty and I feel at home with food from China. To me, there’s nothing better than a cross-cultural combination 10 Chinese Jianbing and a glass of milk with maple syrup. 1. which 2. to eat 3. what 4. immediately 5. its 6. sorts 7. the 8. is wrapped 9. equipment 10. of 【导语】本文是说明文。文章介绍了中国美食小吃——煎饼。 1. 考查关系词。句意：在加拿大我们有中国餐馆，大多数都很好。分析句子，设空处引导定语从句，修饰先行词Chinese restaurants，先行词指物，关系词位于介词of之后作宾语，应用which，故填which。 2. 考查不定式。句意：在中国的时候，我有很多机会在很多不同的餐馆吃饭。分析句子，空处作后置定语修饰名词chances，应用不定式形式作后置定语，故填to eat。 3. 考查主语从句。句意：自从我离开中国已经很久了，但是我仍然怀念的就是中国菜。此处缺少主语从句引导词，同时它又在从句中做主语。故填since。 4. 考查副词。句意：面糊立即形成一个直径大约20厘米的圆形。空处修饰动词forms，应用副词形式作状语，immediately是副词，表示“立刻”，故填immediately。 5. 考查代词。句意：将一个鸡蛋平摊在它的背面，放上洋葱片和不同种类的辛辣配料，然后在上面放一个薄脆。结合语意，此处表示将一个鸡蛋平摊在面糊上所形成的圆形的背面，空处表示“它的”，应用形容词性物主代词its，故填its。 6. 考查可数名词复数。句意：将一个鸡蛋平摊在它的背面，放上洋葱片和不同种类的辛辣配料，然后在上面放一个薄脆。different是形容词，表示“不同的”，后可接可数名词的复数形式，故填sorts。 7. 考查冠词。句意：用熟了的面糊皮包裹住薄脆，整个东西对折。结合语意，此处特指做好了的整个煎饼，应用定冠词the表示特指，故填the。 8. 考查时态和语态。句意：在它被包装纸包裹好之后，我可以带到任何地方去吃。after引导时间状语从句，句子描述一般性情况，应用一般现在时，wrap与主语it之间是被动关系，应用一般现在时的被动语态，主语是it，be动词应用is，故填is wrapped。 9. 考查名词。句意：尽管只有简单的烹饪设备，但它总是美味可口，而且我对来自中国的食物感到舒适自在。空处作介词despite的宾语，应用名词形式，equipment是不可数名词，表示“设备”，故填equipment。 10. 考查介词。句意：对我而言，没有什么比中国煎饼和一杯枫糖浆牛奶的跨文化组合更好的东西了。a combination of表示“......的组合”，符合题意，故填of。 三 阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 You can tell a lot about a man by how he treats his dogs. For many years, I enjoyed living with my dogs, Tilly and Chance. Their ___1___ was nearly enough to keep my loneliness at bay. Nearly. Last year, I started dating, but with ___2___. When I first dated Steve, I ___3___ he had a dog, Molly, and a cat, Flora. While I was ___4___ that he was an animal lover, I ___5___ that three dogs were perhaps too many, and my dogs might attack ___6___, the cat. The next week we ___7___ our dogs together. It was a hot day. When we paused to catch our ___8___, Steve got down on one knee. Was he proposing (求婚)? I liked him too, but so ___9___? He poured water from a bottle into his hand and offered it to my dogs. ______10______, I began to fall for him. We ______11______ to date, though neither of us brought up the future. And then in late November, Tilly had an operation on her ______12______. I took the dogs out four times a day, and I worried that Tilly ______13______ climbing the stairs could reopen the wound. Then Steve ______14______ his house. All worked ______15______. The three dogs formed a pack that, with coaching, ______16______ Flora’s space; Steve and I formed a good team ______17______ for Tilly. We made good housemates. A year later, much to my ______18______, this man produced a little box with a ring and proposed to me. He did not kneel (跪) down, nor did I ______19______ him to. That’s only for giving ______20______ to the dogs that brought us together. 1. A. ownership B. membership C. companionship D. leadership 2. A. reservations B. expectations C. confidence D. prejudice 3. A. feared B. doubted C. hoped D. learned 4. A. unsatisfied B. amused C. terrified D. thrilled 5. A. predicted B. worried C. regretted D. insisted 6. A. Flora B. Chance C. Molly D. Tilly 7. A. tied B. walked C. bathed D. fed 8. A. breath B. balance C. attention D. imagination 9. A. calm B. sure C. soon D. real 10. A. By the way B. In that case C. By all means D. In that moment 11. A. continued B. decided C. intended D. pretended 12. A. eye B. tail C. ear D. leg 13. A. secretly B. constantly C. eventually D. unwillingly 14. A. left B. sold C. suggested D. searched 15. A. late B. hard C. fine D. free 16. A. emptied B. respected C. occupied D. discovered 17. A. looking B. caring C. waiting D. calling 18. A. delight B. credit C. interest D. disadvantage 19. A. beg B. trust C. need D. aid 20. A. toys B. awards C. food D. water 【答案】1. C 2. A 3. D 4. D 5. B 6. A 7. B 8. A 9. C 10. D 11. A 12. D 13. B 14. C 15. C 16. B 17. B 18. A 19. C 20. D 这是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了，作者认为你可以从一个男人对待他的狗的方式来了解他很多，作者多年和两只爱犬生活在一起，去年开始和拥有猫狗的史蒂夫约会，但有所保留，因为一次遛狗时史蒂夫把水给自己的爱犬喝，作者渐渐对史蒂夫产生好感，在之后的接触中，史蒂夫和作者一起照顾作者的爱犬，一年后史蒂夫向作者求婚。 1.C【解析】考查名词词义辨析。句意：它们的陪伴几乎足以让我远离孤独。A. ownership所有权；B. membership会员；C. companionship陪伴；D. leadership领导。由上文的“For many years, I enjoyed living with my dogs, Tilly and Chance. (多年来，我喜欢和我的狗Tilly和Chance生活在一起)”可知，作者多年和狗狗生活在一起，可得出狗狗陪伴着作者，让作者远离孤独。故选C项。 2.A【解析】考查名词词义辨析。句意：去年，我开始约会，但有所保留。A. reservations保留；B. expectations期望；C. confidence信心；D. prejudice偏见。由下文的“He poured water from a bottle into his hand and offered it to my dogs. (他把瓶子里的水倒在手里，递给我的狗)”和“I began to fall for him (我开始爱上他)”可知，作者是在第二周和史蒂夫一起遛狗时，因为史蒂夫把水给自己的爱犬喝，作者才对史蒂夫产生好感，可得出刚开始约会时，因为不熟悉史蒂夫的品行，作者还是有所保留的。故选A项。 3.D【解析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：当我第一次和史蒂夫约会时，我得知他有一条名叫Molly的狗和一只名叫Flora的猫。A. feared恐惧；B. doubted怀疑；C. hoped希望；D. learned得知。由上文的“When I first dated Steve (当我第一次和史蒂夫约会时)”和常识可知，第一次约会会得知对方相关情况，作者从而得知史蒂夫有一只狗和一只猫。故选D项。 4.D【解析】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：虽然我很高兴他是一个动物爱好者，但我担心三条狗可能太多了，我的狗可能会攻击猫Flora。A. unsatisfied不满意的；B. amused愉快的；C. terrified害怕的；D. thrilled非常开心的。由下文的“he was an animal lover (他是一个动物爱好者)”可知，得知史蒂夫是一个动物爱好者，多年和两只爱犬生活在一起的作者应该是感到愉快高兴。故选D项。 5.B【解析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：虽然我很高兴他是一个动物爱好者，但我担心三条狗可能太多了，我的狗可能会攻击猫Flora。A. predicted预测；B. worried担心；C. regretted后悔；D. insisted坚持。由下文的“three dogs were perhaps too many, and my dogs might attack 6 the cat (三条狗可能太多了，我的狗可能会攻击猫)”可知，作者认为三条狗可能太多了，且自己的狗可能会攻击史蒂夫的猫，针对这种情况，作者是担忧的。故选B项。 6.A【解析】考查名词词义辨析。句意：虽然我很高兴他是一个动物爱好者，但我担心三条狗可能太多了，我的狗可能会攻击猫Flora。A. Flora弗洛拉；B. Chance机会；C. Molly莫莉；D. Tilly蒂莉。选项指的是文中动物名词。由上文的“he had a dog, Molly, and a car, Flora (他有一条名叫Molly的狗和一只名叫Flora的猫)”可知，此处指作者担心自己的狗可能会攻击史蒂夫的猫Flora。故选A项。 7.B【解析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：第二周，我们一起遛狗。A. tied系；B. walked牵着（动物）走；C. bathed沐浴；D. fed喂养。由本处的“ 7 our dogs together (一起……我们的狗)”以及下文“When we paused”可知，作者和史蒂夫在一起遛狗。故选B项。 8.A【解析】考查名词词义辨析。句意：当我们停下来休息时，史蒂夫单膝跪下。A. breath呼吸；B. balance平衡；C. attention注意力；D. imagination想象。由上文的“It was a hot day. When we paused (那是一个炎热的日子。当我们停下)”可知，那天很热，遛狗的二人停下来休息一下，catch one’s breath (休息一下、歇一口气)。 故选A项。 9.C【解析】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我也喜欢他，但这么快？A. calm冷静的；B. sure确定的；C. soon很快的；D real真正的。由上文的“The next week (第二周)”和“Was he proposing (求婚)? (他在求婚吗)”可知，二人才认识两周，作者以为史蒂夫要向自己求婚，认为进展太快了。故选C项。 10.D【解析】考查介词短语辨析。句意：就在那一刻，我开始爱上他。A. By the way顺便说一句；B. In that case那样的话；C. By all means务必；D. In that moment那一刻。由上文的“He poured water from a bottle into his hand and offered it to my dogs. (他把瓶子里的水倒在手里，递给我的狗)”和下文的“I began to fall for him (我开始爱上他)”可知，就在史蒂夫把水给作者爱犬喝的那一刻，还有所保留的作者卸下心防，对史蒂夫产生好感。故选D项。 11.A【解析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：我们继续约会，虽然我们都没有提到未来。A. continued继续；B. decided决定；C. intended打算；D. pretended假装。由上文的“I began to fall for him (我开始爱上他)”可知，作者对史蒂夫产生好感，可得出二人会继续约会。故选A项。 12.D【解析】考查名词词义辨析。句意：11月下旬，Tilly的腿做了一次手术。A. eye眼睛；B. tail尾巴；C. ear耳朵；D. leg腿。由下文的“I worried that Tilly 13 climbing the stairs could reopen the wound (我担心Tilly爬楼梯会使伤口重新裂开)”可知，作者担心爬楼会影响Tilly的伤口，可得出Tilly的腿做了手术。故选D项。 13.B【解析】考查副词词义辨析。句意：我一天带狗出去四次，我担心Tilly不断地爬楼梯会使伤口重新裂开。A. secretly秘密地；B. constantly不断地；C. eventually最终；D. unwillingly不情愿地。由上文的“I took the dogs out four times a day (我一天带狗出去四次)”可知，作者一天带狗出去四次，可得出狗狗（包括Tilly）要不断地爬楼梯。故选B项。 14.C【解析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：然后史蒂夫离开了他的房子。A. left离开；B. sold卖；C. suggested建议，推荐；D. searched搜寻。由下文的“We made good housemates. (我们是很好的室友)”可知，二人成为室友。可以推断出来，因为害怕作者的狗爬楼梯不方便，所以建议作者搬过去一起住。故选C项。 15.C【解析】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：一切都很好。A. late晚的；B. hard困难的；C. fine好的；D. free自由的。由下文的“The three dogs formed a pack (这三条狗组成了一个团队)”和“Steve and I formed a good team (史蒂夫和我组成了一个好团队)”“We made good housemates. (我们是很好的室友)”可知，狗狗相处友好，作者和史蒂夫相处也友好，可得出一切都好。故选C项。 16.B【解析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：这三条狗组成了一个团队，在训练下，尊重Flora的空间；史蒂夫和我组成了一个照顾Tilly的好团队。A. emptied清空；B. respected尊重；C. occupied占据；D. discovered发现。由上文的“my dogs might attack 6 , the cat (我的狗可能会攻击猫)”和“The three dogs formed a pack that, with coaching (这三条狗组成了一个团队，在训练下)”可知，起初作者担心自己的狗会攻击史蒂夫的猫Flora，但作者的狗和史蒂夫的狗相处友好，可得出在训练下，狗不会去攻击猫，结合动物的领地意识可知，此处指狗尊重猫的空间。故选B项。 17.B【解析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：这三条狗组成了一个团队，在训练下，尊重Flora的空间；史蒂夫和我组成了一个照顾Tilly的好团队。A. looking看；B. caring照顾；C. waiting等待；D. calling打电话。由上文的“Tilly had an operation (Tilly做了一次手术)”可知，作者的狗Tilly做过手术，史蒂夫和作者一起居住后，和作者一起照顾术后康复的Tilly。故选B项。 18.A【解析】考查名词词义辨析。句意：一年后，令我非常高兴的是，这个男人拿出一个带戒指的小盒子向我求婚。A. delight高兴；B. credit信用；C. interest兴趣；D. disadvantage缺点。由下文的“this man produced a little box with a ring and proposed to me (这个男人拿出一个带戒指的小盒子向我求婚)”可知，史蒂夫向作者求婚，作者应该是感到高兴。故选A项。 19.C【解析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：他没有跪下，我也不需要他跪下。A. beg乞求；B. trust信任；C. need需要；D. aid帮助。由上文的“He did not kneel (跪) down (他没有跪下)”和常识可知，一般求婚是要下跪的，但史蒂夫没有下跪，作者对此并不在意，因为作者不需要他下跪。故选C项。 20.D【解析】考查名词词义辨析。句意：正是给爱犬喝水的举动把我们带到一起。A. toys玩具；B. awards奖励；C. food食物；D. water水。由上文的“He poured water from a bottle into his hand and offered it to my dogs. 10 , I began to fall for him. (他把瓶子里的水倒在手里，递给我的狗。我开始爱上他)”可知，就在史蒂夫把水给作者爱犬喝的那一刻，还有所保留的作者卸下心防，对史蒂夫产生好感，所以是“给爱犬喝水”的举动让二人走到了一起。故选D项。 四 Over the last seven years, most states have banned texting by drivers, and public service campaigns have tried a wide range of methods to persuade people to put down their phones when they are behind the wheel. Yet the problem, by just about any measure, appears to be getting worse. Americans are still texting while driving, as well as using social networks and taking photos. Road accidents, which had fallen for years, are now rising sharply. That is partly because people are driving more, but Mark Rosekind, the chief of the National Highway Traffic Safety Administration, said distracted（分心）driving was "only increasing, unfortunately." "Big change requires big ideas." he said in a speech last month, referring broadly to the need to improve road safety. So to try to change a distinctly modern behavior, lawmakers and public health experts are reaching back to an old approach: They want to treat distracted driving like drunk driving. An idea from lawmakers in New York is to give police officers a new device called the Textalyzer. It would work like this: An officer arriving at the scene of a crash could ask for the phones of the drivers and use the Textalyzer to check in the operating system for recent activity. The technology could determine whether a driver had just texted, emailed or done anything else that is not allowed under New York's hands-free driving laws. "We need something on the books that can change people's behavior,” said Félix W. Ortiz, who pushed for the state's 2001 ban on hand-held devices by drivers. If the Textalyzer bill becomes law, he said, "people are going to be more afraid to put their hands on the cell phone." 1. Which of the following best describes the ban on drivers' texting in the US? A. Ineffective. B. Unnecessary. C. Inconsistent. D. Unfair. 2. What can the Textalyzer help a police officer find out? A. Where a driver came from. B. Whether a driver used their phone. C. How fast a driver was going. D. When a driver arrived at the scene. 3. What does the underlined word "something" in the last paragraph refer to? A. Advice. B. Data. C. Tests. D. Laws. 4. What is a suitable title for the text? A. To Drive or Not to Drive? Think Before You Start B. Texting and Driving? Watch Out for the Textalyzer C. New York Banning Hand-Held Devices by Drivers. D. The Next Generation Cell Phone: The Textalyzer- 【答案】1. A 2. B 3. D 4. B 本文一篇说明文。为解决司机在开车时使用手机造成“分神”，引发交通事故的问题，纽约的一名立法者提出使用Textalyzer（短信监控器）的技术来监控司机在开车的时候是否使用了手机。 1.A【解析】推理判断题。根据第一段中“Over the last seven years, most states have banned texting by drivers, and public service campaigns have tried a wide range of methods to persuade people to put down their phones when they are behind the wheel.”（在过去的七年里，大多数州都禁止司机发短信，公共服务活动也尝试了各种各样的方法来说服人们在开车时放下手机。）以及第二段中“Yet the problem, by just about any measure, appears to be getting worse.”（然而，无论以何种标准衡量，这个问题似乎都在恶化。）可知，大多数州使用了各种各样的方法说服司机们在开车的时候放下手机，可是情况却越来越糟糕。所以各种方法是无效的。A选项ineffective意为“无效的”，与此相符。故选A。 2.B【解析】细节理解题。根据倒数第二段中“The technology could determine whether a driver had just texted, emailed or done anything else that is not allowed under New York's hands-free driving laws.”（这项技术可以确定司机是否发了短信、发了邮件，或者做了纽约免提驾驶法不允许的其他事情。）可知，Textalyzer能够确定的是司机是否使用了手机发短信、邮件以及其他驾驶法不允许的行为。B 选项意为“是否司机使用了手机。”与此相符，故选B。 3.D【解析】词义猜测题。根据句中的“We need something on the books that can change people's behavior.”（我们需要一些能改变人们行为的东西，）可知，something是能够改变人们的行为的事情。根据下文的“If the Textalyzer bill becomes law, he said, "people are going to be more afraid to put their hands on the cell phone.”（他说，如果Textalyzer法案成为法律，“人们会更害怕拿起手机。）可知，人们的行为会改变的条件是当Textalyzer法案成为法律。收到法律的约束和惩罚，司机们才不会在开车的时候使用手机。故something指代的是法律。故选D。 4.B【解析】主旨大意题。纵观全文，第一段和第二段阐述的是“虽然大多数州已经尝试了各种各样的方法来说服人们在开车时放下手机。可是问题却越来越严重”。第三段中“That is partly because people are driving more.”（部分原因是开车的人越来越多）可知，解释了该行为产生的部分原因。第四段至第五段讲述的是为了解决该问题是纽约立法者提出了一个新的想法即利用Textalyzer技术，来监控司机在开车的时候是否使用了手机。最后一段讲述的是：相关人士呼吁该项技术能够成为真正的法案由此才能真正的改变人们的行为。故B选项Texting and Driving? Watch Out for the Textalyzer（发短信还是在开车？防范短信监控器。）适合文章的标题。故选B。 ( 2 )原创精品资源学科网独家享有版权，侵权必究！ 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$