精品解析：广东省东莞市东华高级中学，东华松山湖高级中学联考2023-2024学年高一下学期5月期中英语试题

东莞市东华高级中学 东华松山湖高级中学 2023-2024学年第二学期教学质量检查(二) 高一英语 本试题共三部分，满分135分，考试时间120分钟。 第一部分 阅读理解(共两节，满分50分) 第一节 阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。(共15小题;每小题2.5分，满分37.5分) A Instant Expert: Wonders of Space Saturday 17th July, 10am - 5pm | Cavendish Conference Centre, London Join us for a day of exploring the wonders of outer space with six leading scientists. You will start where everything began, at the Big Bang. Throughout the day, you will hear about everything from the exploration to find life on Mars to the discovery of liveable planets outside our solar system. Who should attend? Anyone interested in the mysteries of space, whatever your age or background. Whether you’re a scientist, a student or simply an attracted human being, our event offers the chance to learn directly from the experts at our one-day masterclass. Benefits of attending: ·Open your mind and be inspired. · Talk with like-minded people through informal set-up. · Meet our six speakers and ask your burning questions. What’s included in your ticket: · In-depth and interesting talks from six leading scientists. ·Buffet lunch, plus morning and afternoon drinks and snacks. · An Instant Expert certificate provided by event organizers. Booking information: We will email you your ticket immediately after purchase. Please remember to bring your ticket with you as you’ll need it to gain entry. We can scan (扫描) tickets from a printout, or off the screen of a phone. A limited number of discounted early bird tickets priced at £129 will be offered, saving £20. These tickets can be bought by clicking the following green “Buy” button if still available. 1. Who is the event intended for? A. Science students. B. Space fans. C. Leading scientists. D. Research experts. 2. What can participants expect from the event? A. Free meals throughout the day. B. Certificates from famous schools. C. Gatherings with event organizers. D. Face-to-face meetings with scientists. 3. What should people do if they want to save money? A. Buy tickets quickly. B. Choose digital tickets. C. Reserve tickets online. D. Print tickets in advance. B An injured hiker was rescued earlier this month after a train passenger spotted her from the window. She was crazily waving on the other side of a river, having just spent two days trapped in the wilderness with a broken leg. The rider told the train crew, who then reported it to the train inspector, Henry Smith, who was in a motor car behind them. Henry was able to stop and communicate with the woman on the opposite bank of the river, which was freezing cold and moving quickly. The hiker, a woman in her twenties, had been missing for two days. She said she’d intended to go on a day hike, but ended up falling 90 feet down a cliff face while trying to take pictures. She reportedly told rescuers that she lost consciousness for an unknown amount of time. Despite a badly broken leg, she struggled to pull herself to the bank of the river to try to flag down trains. She had no emergency supplies with her, or suitable clothing to spend the night outdoors. There had been a cold attack while the woman was trapped in the wilderness. The hiker described spending daylight hours trying to get the attention of passing trains and, at night, would roll herself into a nearby cliff face in an attempt to stay warm. Henry called to request help for search and rescue. The operator who received the emergency call said the hiker’s family had been looking for her. While they were waiting for the rescue team, Nick and Kylah, an engineer and a fireman on the next train passing by the location, came to help. 327 passengers on the train waited on the track as they crossed the river to examine the woman’s injuries and bring emergency supplies, blankets and a radio for communication. Eventually, a helicopter was sent to locate and rescue the hiker and she was transported safely to the hospital. 4. Who first noticed the injured hiker? A. A train rider. B. Henry Smith. C. The train crew. D. Nick and Kylah. 5. What do we know about the woman hiker? A. She fell down the cliff face accidentally. B. She spent day and night waving for help. C. She had planned a two-day hike schedule. D. She always stayed conscious in the wilderness. 6. What can be inferred from the last paragraph? A. The hiker’s family had been against her going hiking. B. Henry sent a helicopter to locate and rescue the hiker. C. Nick and Kylah were sent by the police to the rescue. D. People on the next train also contributed to the rescue work. 7. Which of following words best describe the hiker? A. Energetic and generous. B. Responsible and admirable. C. Perseverant and humorous. D. Adaptable and strong-willed. C Robots can be programmed to move a car and even perform some operations. However when it comes to picking up something that they have not touched before, such as an egg, they often fail. Now, engineers have invented an artificial fingertip (指尖) which breaks that limitation. It enables machines to sense objects as a human fingertip does. Engineers have been working hard to make robots flexible and sensitive. When researchers from a university began designing an artificial fingertip in 2009, they used human skin as a guide. Their first fingertip was about the size of a coke can. By 2018, 3D printing made it about the size of an adult's big toe, with the multi-layered structure like human skin. The latest breakthrough is called TacTip. Scientists include artificial nerve networks into the fingertip, which enables a robot to quickly process what it's sensing and act accordingly like a real finger. “A lot of our sense of touch is decided by our skin,” says professor Benjamin, leader of the research team. In our fingertips, nerve endings will deform when the skin touches an object and then sends the signals to the brain about what's happening. Similarly, the nerve networks of TacTip pick up and translate those signals into the fingertip's actions, telling robots to handle objects of all shapes and sizes without programming, according to Benjamin. Some scientists doubt whether TacTip is only just skin-like. The signals from the artificial and human fingertips are not quite the same, as the signals in real skin are more intense. Other scientists think highly of this breakthrough. “At least it helps clarify how human touch works and is a necessary step to improve robotic touch,”says professor Smith, a material scientist. 8. Why does the writer mention“an egg”in Paragraph 1? A. To find a solution for engineers. B. To show robots have limitations. C. To tell how robots sense objects. D. To explain why robots often fail. 9. Which of the following plays the most important role in the latest breakthrough? A Artificial nerve networks. B. 3D printing. C Multi-layered structure. D. Human skin. 10. What does the underlined word“deform” mean in Paragraph 4? A. Develop. B. Stop working. C. Decrease. D. Change shapes. 11. Which is the best title for the text? A. TacTip Changes How Touch Works in Humans B. Robots Have Become More Flexible and Sensitive C. Artificial Fingertip Gives Robots Human-like Touch D. Engineers Have Achieved a Breakthrough in 3D Printing D Working out for 30 minutes every day “might not be enough” to counter the health issues created by long time sitting, according to a sweeping new study. The new study, unlike the past ones that examined sitting and formal exercise separately, ignoring light activities, involved 3702 people to find out how those all affected people’s health indices(指数). With the data collected, researchers characterized people by how they moved. The first group dutifully exercised for a half-hour and then sat, almost nonstop, for more than 10 hours a day. Another group similarly worked out for 30 minutes and sat for long hours. But, in between, they rose often and took walks around, spending time in light activities like fetching another cup of coffee. The third group sat, uninterrupted, for up to 10 hours, but also collected an hour of exercise most days. The final group, which the researchers named “the movers,” exercised about an hour most days, while also moving lightly for about two hours more. When the researchers cross-checked these groups against people’s current health data, the first group had the worst indices. On the contrary, the other groups were all better off and to about the same extent, with relatively improved blood sugar control and cholesterol(胆固醇) levels and about 8 percent less body fat than the first group. “A single 30-minute, daily workout ‘might not be enough’ to reduce the downsides of long time sitting,” said Vahid Farrahi, the lead author of the new study.“In addition to a brisk(轻快的) workout, we need to move lightly and often, cleaning, taking the stairs, taking a walk in the halls or just not remaining still.” 12. How is the new study different from the previous ones? A. It examined sitting and exercise separately. B. It proved that light activities were ignored. C. It took light activities into consideration. D. It suggested working out for a half-hour. 13. What do we know from the data in the new study? A. The first group spent a half-hour on light activities after long sitting. B. The second group got similar improved health indices as the movers. C. The third group collected an hour’s exercise during 10 hours’ sitting. D. The movers got up every 30 minutes for formal exercise for an hour. 14. What light activity is suggested to go with formal exercise? A. Reading while sitting. B. Swimming in the pool. C. Working out in the gym. D. Walking in the gym hall. 15. What can we infer from Vahid’s words? A. It’s better to exercise more often than half an hour every day. B. Moving lightly and often is more useful than we have thought. C. Working out harder and longer is better than just moving lightly. D. A 30-minute workout has little help for long time sitting problems. 第二节 七选五(共5小题;每小题2.5分，满分12.5分) 根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 When raindrops fall to the ground in summer, a familiar scent always follows. Many people call this the “smell of rain”. However, rain is made up of odorless (无味的) water. So, where does this smell come from? ___16___ But it actually comes from wet soil. This special odor even has its own name: petrichor (潮土油) which comes from a pair of chemical reactions. The pleasant smell has long been an interest of scientists since Australian scientists first documented the formation of petrichor in 1964. According to scientists, some plants produce oils during dry periods. ___17___ Yet, it’s the second reaction that creates the most petrichor. It occurs when chemicals produced by bacteria in soil are released. ___18___ These bacteria break down and change into simple chemical compounds, providing nutrition for plants. Meanwhile the process also produces geosmin (土臭素), a compound with a distinct earthy aroma (香味). Lots of animals are sensitive to geosmin but human beings are extremely sensitive to it. When it rains after a long period of dryness, drops of water hit the ground. Geosmin is then released from the surfaces. ___19___ And it finally gives raindrops their familiar scent. If it rains heavily enough, geosmin will be spread downwind, warning others of coming rain. ___20___ And the next time someone mentions how much they love the smell of rain, you can prove your intelligence by explaining where that smell comes from. A. And when it rains, these oils are released into the air. B. The smell of petrichor is quite pleasant to the human nose. C. There are a group of microorganisms widely found in soils. D. Rain can refresh the soil specially when it rains heavily. E. Scientists found the distinctive smell doesn’t come from rain. F. The pleasant smell always comes into being with the flow of air. G. It is further spread around its surroundings with the aid of wind and rain. 第二部分 英语知识运用(满分22.5分) 完形填空(共15小题;每小题1.5分，满分22.5分) 阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的四个选项(A、B、C和D)中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 As a child, Ronald lived in a library. His father was a custodian (守护人) , who kept the library clean and tidy. “The job of the library custodian is just like being the ____21____ of the temple of knowledge,” Ronald tells a reporter at StoryCorps. At first, Ronald says he was ____22____ of his unusual home, which was different from others’ nice ones. “I never dared to ____23____ any of my friends to visit my home. ____24____, I was proud that nobody else had as many ____25____ as I had.” he said. Once the library closed for the day, it was a ____26____ to be the only kid in the building. “I could run, jump and scream. And at midnight, if I had any question, I would ____27____ and start reading a book until 3 o’clock in the morning,” he says, “I began to realize how ____28____ it is to have the library because the library gave me the love of reading that has never ____29____ me.” He says his time living in the library ____30____ him into the man he is today. He was the first in his family to ____31____ from high school, and then from college. A few years later, he got a position as a ____32____ at Cape Cod Community College. “I took my dad and ____33____ him the classroom and my name on the door — Professor Ronald. He just ____34____. “That’s my Dad, quiet. But… I saw the way he looked at it,” Ronald says. “He wanted me to aim higher. I am ____35____ for the days my family spent in the library.” 21. A. reader B. keeper C. founder D. learner 22. A. pleased B. keen C. ashamed D. disappointed 23. A. promise B. invite C. appoint D. reject 24. A. Therefore B. Besides C. Otherwise D. However 25. A. books B. items C. toys D. foods 26. A. sorrow B. delight C. fear D. danger 27. A. work out B. end up C. get up D. get down 28. A. odd B. normal C. horrible D. great 29. A. reached B. controlled C. left D. hugged 30. A. shaped B. translated C. tricked D. forced 31. A. hear B. escape C. return D. graduate 32. A. physician B. politician C. professor D. librarian 33. A. offered B. showed C. sent D. brought 34. A. nodded B. hesitated C. clapped D. explained 35. A. grateful B. responsible C. eager D. regretful 第三部分：基础知识考查(满分22.5分) 第一节：单词考查(共10小题，每小题1分，满分10分) 根据括号内中文或单词提示，在下面空格处填入一个符合句子意思和语法结构的词。 36. “I got it,” Lily said again in a near __________ (耳语). (根据汉语提示单词拼写) 37. Jack asked, not able to contain his __________ (好奇心) despite his already intense dislike for Phillip. (根据汉语提示单词拼写) 38. The __________ (信号) for a race to start is often the firing of a gun. (根据汉语提示单词拼写) 39 It takes time and __________ (耐心) to learn a language. (根据汉语提示单词拼写) 40. Please do not __________ (犹豫；迟疑) to contact me if you have any questions. (根据汉语提示单词拼写) 41. She tries not to use her phone when she studies, but it’s hard to __________ (忽视). (根据汉语提示单词拼写) 42. All our results are published in __________ (科学的) journals. (根据汉语提示单词拼写) 43. He knew I was________ (energy) and dynamic and would get things done. （所给词的适当形式填空） 44. With the restoration of vegetation, the desert __________ (gradual) returned to life. (所给词的适当形式填空) 45. You may leave the classroom with your teacher’s __________ (permit). (所给词的适当形式填空) 第二节：句子考查(共12.5分，填空题9.5分，每空0.5分;句子翻译一个3分) 46. As is well known, the Dragon-Boat Festival is held __________ __________ __________ (以纪念) the famous poet, Qu Yuan. (根据汉语提示完成句子) 47. Rado’s dad always made sure the gas can was full, but I checked anyway, just __________ __________ (以防万一). (根据汉语提示完成句子) 48. Much __________ __________ __________ (令她失望) and annoyance, she failed to achieve her goal of making it to the final. (根据汉语提示完成句子) 49. __________ __________ __________ (除了) teaching, he worked in a laboratory in Berlin, where he was busy creating new equipment. (根据汉语提示完成句子) 50. Finally, Qu Yuan threw himself into the Miluo River __________ __________ (绝望中) on the fifth day of the fifth lunar month. (根据汉语提示完成句子) 51. Though he was treated in hospital, he managed to help me through his remote guidance. (同义句转换) __________ __________ in hospital, he managed to help me through his remote guidance. 52. We went along silently on tiptoe so as not to disturb anyone. (同义句转换) __________ __________ __________ __________ disturb anyone, we went along silently on tiptoe. 53. 钱学森与大多数工程师不同之处在于他不断地渴望创新和实验。(使用主语从句翻译) _______________________________________________________________________________________________ 第四部分 写作(共二节;满分40分) 第一节 任务型写作(15分) 54. 假设你是晨光中学的李津。我市为外国友人提供生活信息的某英文网站新增了 《最美中华》栏目，请你给该栏目投稿，介绍一个国内你喜欢或去过的地方。内容包括： (1)该地方的基本情况(如名称、地理位置等)； (2)该地方的特色(如文化、景点等)； (3)你对该地方的印象和感受。 注意：(1)词数不少于100； (2)可适当加入细节，使内容充实、行文连贯。 A Beautiful Place in China March 19, 2021 By Li Jin ______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 第二节 读后续写(满分25分) 55. 阅读下面短文，根据所给情节进行续写，使之构成一个完整的故事。 Several years ago, I was living in New York and working for an airline, so I never got back home for Christmas. My Christmas was happy too with some other colleagues around. But in my heart, I was sad because I couldn’t stay with my family. Sometimes my colleagues would say our Christmas was filled with tears. But this Christmas was different. I was lucky. I had the whole day off, which meant I could stay with my family on Christmas Eve. When Christmas miming came, I awoke to a small hand rubbing my face. “Dad. Merry Christmas!” was all my younger son had time to say. He seemed to be racing against time. I knew he was hunting for gifts with his brother eagerly. I got downstairs just to see the two little boys’ faces as they looked at the pocket rockets Santa Claus had left them. I realized that the real Christmas was for the children who had deep belief in the amazing power of Santa Claus. At first, their fingers went almost shyly over their toys. When their inspection (检查) had been completed, the two boys ensured that the gifts were really delivered by Santa Claus and they dragged everything into the center of the living room. Delight flooded the room. As their mother began giving out gins, I smiled to myself, wondering how my unexpected gifts this year would be received. With so many Christmas spent outside, I had prepared so many gifts for my children and together with my wife I hid them in several secret places. But the children were excellent detectives and they found all of them. They were happily opening packages constantly thanking considerate Santa Claus for his kindness and ability to know their desires. But had not received a single one. I knew they had forgotten my existence with my absence from their Christmas these years. 注意： 1.所续写短文的词数应为150左右； 2.续写部分分为两段，每段的开头语已为你写好。 Paragraph 1： I had to admit that my disappointment was growing steadily. ______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Paragraph 2: Suddenly my wife walked up to me. ______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$ 东莞市东华高级中学 东华松山湖高级中学 2023-2024学年第二学期教学质量检查(二) 高一英语 本试题共三部分，满分135分，考试时间120分钟。 第一部分 阅读理解(共两节，满分50分) 第一节 阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。(共15小题;每小题2.5分，满分37.5分) A Instant Expert: Wonders of Space Saturday 17th July, 10am - 5pm | Cavendish Conference Centre, London Join us for a day of exploring the wonders of outer space with six leading scientists. You will start where everything began, at the Big Bang. Throughout the day, you will hear about everything from the exploration to find life on Mars to the discovery of liveable planets outside our solar system. Who should attend? Anyone interested in the mysteries of space, whatever your age or background. Whether you’re a scientist, a student or simply an attracted human being, our event offers the chance to learn directly from the experts at our one-day masterclass. Benefits of attending: ·Open your mind and be inspired. · Talk with like-minded people through informal set-up. · Meet our six speakers and ask your burning questions. What’s included in your ticket: · In-depth and interesting talks from six leading scientists. ·Buffet lunch, plus morning and afternoon drinks and snacks. · An Instant Expert certificate provided by event organizers. Booking information: We will email you your ticket immediately after purchase. Please remember to bring your ticket with you as you’ll need it to gain entry. We can scan (扫描) tickets from a printout, or off the screen of a phone. A limited number of discounted early bird tickets priced at £129 will be offered, saving £20. These tickets can be bought by clicking the following green “Buy” button if still available. 1. Who is the event intended for? A. Science students. B. Space fans. C. Leading scientists. D. Research experts. 2. What can participants expect from the event? A. Free meals throughout the day. B. Certificates from famous schools. C. Gatherings with event organizers. D. Face-to-face meetings with scientists. 3. What should people do if they want to save money? A. Buy tickets quickly. B. Choose digital tickets. C. Reserve tickets online. D. Print tickets in advance. 【答案】1. B 2. D 3. A 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了一场关于太空奇迹的会议，包括进行演讲的科学家，与会人员以及如何预订票等相关信息。 【1题详解】 细节理解题。根据文章Who should attend?部分中“Anyone interested in the mysteries of space, whatever your age or background. Whether you’re a scientist, a student or simply an attracted human being, our event offers the chance to learn directly from the experts at our one-day masterclass.(任何对太空之谜感兴趣的人，无论你的年龄或背景。无论你是科学家、学生还是普通人，我们的活动都提供了直接向专家学习的机会。)”可知，所有的太空迷都可以参加这次会议。故选B。 【2题详解】 细节理解题。根据文章Benefits of attending部分中的“Meet our six speakers and ask your burning questions.(与我们的六位演讲者见面，并提出你迫切需要解决的问题。)”可知与会者可以拥有与科学家们面对面交流的机会。故选D。 【3题详解】 细节理解题。根据文章最后一段“A limited number of discounted early bird tickets priced at £129 will be offered, saving £20. These tickets can be bought by clicking the following green “Buy” button if still available.(优惠价为£129的预售票数量有限，可节省£20。如果还有票，可以点击以下绿色的“购买”按钮购买。)”可推断，想要省钱可以尽快购买预售票。故选A. B An injured hiker was rescued earlier this month after a train passenger spotted her from the window. She was crazily waving on the other side of a river, having just spent two days trapped in the wilderness with a broken leg. The rider told the train crew, who then reported it to the train inspector, Henry Smith, who was in a motor car behind them. Henry was able to stop and communicate with the woman on the opposite bank of the river, which was freezing cold and moving quickly. The hiker, a woman in her twenties, had been missing for two days. She said she’d intended to go on a day hike, but ended up falling 90 feet down a cliff face while trying to take pictures. She reportedly told rescuers that she lost consciousness for an unknown amount of time. Despite a badly broken leg, she struggled to pull herself to the bank of the river to try to flag down trains. She had no emergency supplies with her, or suitable clothing to spend the night outdoors. There had been a cold attack while the woman was trapped in the wilderness. The hiker described spending daylight hours trying to get the attention of passing trains and, at night, would roll herself into a nearby cliff face in an attempt to stay warm. Henry called to request help for search and rescue. The operator who received the emergency call said the hiker’s family had been looking for her. While they were waiting for the rescue team, Nick and Kylah, an engineer and a fireman on the next train passing by the location, came to help. 327 passengers on the train waited on the track as they crossed the river to examine the woman’s injuries and bring emergency supplies, blankets and a radio for communication. Eventually, a helicopter was sent to locate and rescue the hiker and she was transported safely to the hospital. 4. Who first noticed the injured hiker? A. A train rider. B. Henry Smith. C. The train crew. D. Nick and Kylah. 5. What do we know about the woman hiker? A. She fell down the cliff face accidentally. B. She spent day and night waving for help. C. She had planned a two-day hike schedule. D. She always stayed conscious in the wilderness. 6. What can be inferred from the last paragraph? A. The hiker’s family had been against her going hiking. B. Henry sent a helicopter to locate and rescue the hiker. C. Nick and Kylah were sent by the police to the rescue. D. People on the next train also contributed to the rescue work. 7. Which of following words best describe the hiker? A. Energetic and generous. B. Responsible and admirable. C. Perseverant and humorous. D. Adaptable and strong-willed. 【答案】4. A 5. A 6. D 7. D 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述一名受伤的徒步旅行者被一名火车乘客从窗口发现后获救。 【4题详解】 细节理解题。根据第一段“An injured hiker was rescued earlier this month after a train passenger spotted her from the window.(本月早些时候，一名受伤的徒步旅行者被一名火车乘客从窗口发现后获救。)”和第二段“The rider told the train crew, who then reported it to the train inspector, Henry Smith, who was in a motor car behind them.(这名乘客告诉了列车员，列车员随后向坐在他们后面一辆汽车里的列车员亨利·史密斯报告了这件事。)”可知，火车乘客首先注意到受伤的徒步旅行者。故选A。 【5题详解】 细节理解题。根据第三段“She said she’d intended to go on a day hike, but ended up falling 90 feet down a cliff face while trying to take pictures. (她说，她原本打算进行一天的徒步旅行，但在试图拍照时从90英尺高的悬崖上掉了下来。)”可知，女徒步旅行者不小心从悬崖上掉了下来。故选A。 【6题详解】 推理判断题。根据最后一段“While they were waiting for the rescue team, Nick and Kylah, an engineer and a fireman on the next train passing by the location, came to help. 327 passengers on the train waited on the track as they crossed the river to examine the woman’s injuries and bring emergency supplies, blankets and a radio for communication. (当他们在等待救援队的时候，尼克和凯拉，一名工程师和一名消防员，在经过这个地点的下一辆火车上，过来帮忙。火车上的327名乘客在铁轨上等待，他们过河检查该女子的伤势，并带上应急用品、毯子和一台无线电通信设备。)”可推断，下一班火车上的人也为救援工作做出了贡献。故选D。 【7题详解】 推理判断题。根据第三段“Despite a badly broken leg, she struggled to pull herself to the bank of the river to try to flag down trains. She had no emergency supplies with her, or suitable clothing to spend the night outdoors. There had been a cold attack while the woman was trapped in the wilderness. The hiker described spending daylight hours trying to get the attention of passing trains and, at night, would roll herself into a nearby cliff face in an attempt to stay warm. (尽管她的腿严重骨折，她还是挣扎着把自己拉到河岸，试图让火车停下。她身上没有应急用品，也没有适合在户外过夜的衣服。当那个女人被困在荒野时，有一场寒冷袭击。这位徒步旅行者描述说，白天的时候，她会试图引起过往火车的注意，晚上，她会把自己滚到附近的悬崖上，以保持温暖。)”可推断，这位女徒步旅行者适应能力强，并且意志坚强。故选D。 C Robots can be programmed to move a car and even perform some operations. However, when it comes to picking up something that they have not touched before, such as an egg, they often fail. Now, engineers have invented an artificial fingertip (指尖) which breaks that limitation. It enables machines to sense objects as a human fingertip does. Engineers have been working hard to make robots flexible and sensitive. When researchers from a university began designing an artificial fingertip in 2009, they used human skin as a guide. Their first fingertip was about the size of a coke can. By 2018, 3D printing made it about the size of an adult's big toe, with the multi-layered structure like human skin. The latest breakthrough is called TacTip. Scientists include artificial nerve networks into the fingertip, which enables a robot to quickly process what it's sensing and act accordingly like a real finger. “A lot of our sense of touch is decided by our skin,” says professor Benjamin, leader of the research team. In our fingertips, nerve endings will deform when the skin touches an object and then sends the signals to the brain about what's happening. Similarly, the nerve networks of TacTip pick up and translate those signals into the fingertip's actions, telling robots to handle objects of all shapes and sizes without programming, according to Benjamin. Some scientists doubt whether TacTip is only just skin-like. The signals from the artificial and human fingertips are not quite the same, as the signals in real skin are more intense. Other scientists think highly of this breakthrough. “At least it helps clarify how human touch works and is a necessary step to improve robotic touch,”says professor Smith, a material scientist. 8. Why does the writer mention“an egg”in Paragraph 1? A. To find a solution for engineers. B. To show robots have limitations. C. To tell how robots sense objects. D. To explain why robots often fail. 9. Which of the following plays the most important role in the latest breakthrough? A. Artificial nerve networks. B. 3D printing. C. Multi-layered structure. D. Human skin. 10. What does the underlined word“deform” mean in Paragraph 4? A. Develop. B. Stop working. C. Decrease. D. Change shapes. 11. Which is the best title for the text? A. TacTip Changes How Touch Works in Humans B. Robots Have Become More Flexible and Sensitive C. Artificial Fingertip Gives Robots Human-like Touch D. Engineers Have Achieved a Breakthrough in 3D Printing 【答案】8. B 9. A 10. D 11. C 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍人工指尖给机器人带来了人类般的触感。 【8题详解】 推理判断题。由文章第一段“Robots can be programmed to move a car and even perform some operations. However, when it comes to picking up something that they have not touched before, such as an egg, they often fail. Now, engineers have invented an artificial fingertip which breaks that limitation. (机器人可以编程来移动汽车，甚至执行一些操作。然而，当要捡起他们以前从未碰过的东西时，比如鸡蛋，他们往往会失败。现在，工程师们发明了一种人工指尖，打破了这一限制。)”可知，作者举例鸡蛋的目的就是为了说明机器人的一些局限。故选B项。 【9题详解】 细节理解题。由文章第三段“The latest breakthrough is called TacTip. Scientists include artificial nerve networks into the fingertip, which enables a robot to quickly process what it's sensing and react accordingly like a real finger.(最新的突破被称为TacTip。科学家将人工神经网络植入指尖，使机器人能够快速处理感测到的信息，并像真正的手指一样做出相应反应。)”可知，最新的突破是将人工神经网络植入指尖。故选A项。 【10题详解】 词句猜测题。由文章第四段“when the skin touches an object and then sends the signals to the brain about what's happening. (当皮肤接触到一个物体，然后向大脑发送关于发生了什么的信号。)”可知，当我们皮肤一接触物体，就会有信号传到大脑，而这时，应该是我们指尖的神经末梢发生了“变形”，才会产生信号。所以猜测deform是“发生改变”的意思。故选D项。 【11题详解】 主旨大意题。由文章第一段“Robots can be programmed to move a car and even perform some operations. However, when it comes to picking up something that they have not touched before, such as an egg, they often fail. Now, engineers have invented an artificial fingertip (指尖) which breaks that limitation. It enables machines to sense objects as a human fingertip does.(机器人可以编程来移动汽车，甚至执行一些操作。然而，当要捡起他们以前从未碰过的东西时，比如鸡蛋，他们往往会失败。现在，工程师们发明了一种人工指尖，打破了这一限制。它使机器能够像人类的指尖一样感知物体。)”以及结合下文可知，文章主要讲科学家通过研究发明，使机器人更具有像人类一样的感知。所以C项Robots Have Become More Flexible and Sensitive(人工指尖给机器人带来了人类般的触感)为短文最佳标题。故选C项。 D Working out for 30 minutes every day “might not be enough” to counter the health issues created by long time sitting, according to a sweeping new study. The new study, unlike the past ones that examined sitting and formal exercise separately, ignoring light activities, involved 3702 people to find out how those all affected people’s health indices(指数). With the data collected, researchers characterized people by how they moved. The first group dutifully exercised for a half-hour and then sat, almost nonstop, for more than 10 hours a day. Another group similarly worked out for 30 minutes and sat for long hours. But, in between, they rose often and took walks around, spending time in light activities like fetching another cup of coffee. The third group sat, uninterrupted, for up to 10 hours, but also collected an hour of exercise most days. The final group, which the researchers named “the movers,” exercised about an hour most days, while also moving lightly for about two hours more. When the researchers cross-checked these groups against people’s current health data, the first group had the worst indices. On the contrary, the other groups were all better off and to about the same extent, with relatively improved blood sugar control and cholesterol(胆固醇) levels and about 8 percent less body fat than the first group. “A single 30-minute, daily workout ‘might not be enough’ to reduce the downsides of long time sitting,” said Vahid Farrahi, the lead author of the new study.“In addition to a brisk(轻快的) workout, we need to move lightly and often, cleaning, taking the stairs, taking a walk in the halls or just not remaining still.” 12. How is the new study different from the previous ones? A. It examined sitting and exercise separately. B. It proved that light activities were ignored. C. It took light activities into consideration. D. It suggested working out for a half-hour. 13. What do we know from the data in the new study? A. The first group spent a half-hour on light activities after long sitting. B. The second group got similar improved health indices as the movers. C. The third group collected an hour’s exercise during 10 hours’ sitting. D. The movers got up every 30 minutes for formal exercise for an hour. 14. What light activity is suggested to go with formal exercise? A. Reading while sitting. B. Swimming in the pool. C. Working out in the gym. D. Walking in the gym hall. 15. What can we infer from Vahid’s words? A. It’s better to exercise more often than half an hour every day. B. Moving lightly and often is more useful than we have thought. C. Working out harder and longer is better than just moving lightly. D. A 30-minute workout has little help for long time sitting problems. 【答案】12. C 13. B 14. D 15. B 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章通过一篇新的研究讲述了每天锻炼30分钟“可能不足以”对抗久坐带来的健康问题。 【12题详解】 推理判断题。根据第二段“The new study, unlike the past ones that examined sitting and formal exercise separately, ignoring light activities, involved 3702 people to find out how those all affected people’s health indices(指数).（过去的研究将坐着和正式锻炼分开研究，忽略了轻度活动，与旧的研究不同的是，新研究对3702人进行调查，以找出这些活动如何影响人们的健康指数）”可知，新的研究里把轻微运动一起纳入了考虑中，故选C。 【13题详解】 细节理解题。根据第三段“Another group similarly worked out for 30 minutes and sat for long hours. But, in between, they rose often and took walks around, spending time in light activities like fetching another cup of coffee. （另一组同样每天锻炼30分钟，长时间坐着。但是，在休息期间，他们会经常起床，四处走走，花时间做一些轻松的活动，比如再拿一杯咖啡）”以及第二段“The final group, which the researchers named “the movers,” exercised about an hour most days, while also moving lightly for about two hours more.（最后一组被研究人员称为“运动者”，他们每天锻炼大约一个小时，同时还会多运动大约两个小时）以及倒数第二段“When the researchers cross-checked these groups against people’s current health data, the first group had the worst indices. On the contrary, the other groups were all better off and to about the same extent, with relatively improved blood sugar control and cholesterol(胆固醇) levels and about 8 percent less body fat than the first group.（当研究人员将这些群体与人们目前的健康数据进行交叉检查时，第一组的指数最差。相反，其他组的情况都有所改善，而且程度大致相同，血糖控制和胆固醇水平都相对改善，体脂比第一组减少了8%左右。）”可知，第二组的健康指数像“运动者”一样得到类似的改善。故选B。 【14题详解】 推理判断题。根据第三段“spending time in light activities like fetching another cup of coffee（花时间做一些轻松的活动，比如再拿一杯咖啡）”和第五段“we need to move lightly and often, cleaning, taking the stairs, taking a walk in the halls（我们需要经常轻动，打扫卫生，爬楼梯，在大厅里散步）”可知，作者建议做一些轻松的活动，比如拿咖啡，打扫卫生，爬楼梯，散步，选项D walking in the gym hall（在体育场里散步）属于轻松的运动，故选D。 【15题详解】 推理判断题。根据最后一段“A single 30-minute, daily workout ‘might not be enough’ to reduce the downsides of long time sitting（每天一次30分钟的锻炼“可能不足以”减少长时间坐着的负面影响）以及“In addition to a brisk workout, we need to move lightly and often, cleaning, taking the stairs, taking a walk in the halls or just not remaining still.”（除了轻快的锻炼，我们还需要经常轻动，打扫卫生，爬楼梯，在大厅里散步，或者只是不要静止不动）”可知，作者认为每天只运动30分钟不足以降低久坐的负面影响，因此建议人们经常性轻微运动，由此推断经常性轻微运动是对人体是有好处的。故选B。 第二节 七选五(共5小题;每小题2.5分，满分12.5分) 根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 When raindrops fall to the ground in summer, a familiar scent always follows. Many people call this the “smell of rain”. However, rain is made up of odorless (无味的) water. So, where does this smell come from? ___16___ But it actually comes from wet soil. This special odor even has its own name: petrichor (潮土油), which comes from a pair of chemical reactions. The pleasant smell has long been an interest of scientists since Australian scientists first documented the formation of petrichor in 1964. According to scientists, some plants produce oils during dry periods. ___17___ Yet, it’s the second reaction that creates the most petrichor. It occurs when chemicals produced by bacteria in soil are released. ___18___ These bacteria break down and change into simple chemical compounds, providing nutrition for plants. Meanwhile the process also produces geosmin (土臭素), a compound with a distinct earthy aroma (香味). Lots of animals are sensitive to geosmin but human beings are extremely sensitive to it. When it rains after a long period of dryness, drops of water hit the ground. Geosmin is then released from the surfaces. ___19___ And it finally gives raindrops their familiar scent. If it rains heavily enough, geosmin will be spread downwind, warning others of coming rain. ___20___ And the next time someone mentions how much they love the smell of rain, you can prove your intelligence by explaining where that smell comes from. A. And when it rains, these oils are released into the air. B. The smell of petrichor is quite pleasant to the human nose. C. There are a group of microorganisms widely found in soils. D. Rain can refresh the soil specially when it rains heavily. E. Scientists found the distinctive smell doesn’t come from rain. F. The pleasant smell always comes into being with the flow of air. G. It is further spread around its surroundings with the aid of wind and rain. 【答案】16. E 17. A 18. C 19. G 20. B 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇说明文。在夏天，当雨滴落在地上时，一种熟悉的气味总是随之而来。许多人称之为“雨的味道”。然而，雨是由无味的水组成的。那么，这种气味是从哪里来的呢？文章给出了详细的解答。 【16题详解】 根据上文“However, rain is made up of odorless water. So, where does this smell come from? (然而，雨是由无味的水组成的。那么，这种气味是从哪里来的呢？)”及下文“But it actually comes from wet soil.(但它实际上来自潮湿的土壤)”可知，空格处内容为这种独特的气味并不来自雨。由此可知，E项Scientists found the distinctive smell doesn’t come from rain.(科学家们发现这种独特的气味并不是来自雨)能够承上启下，符合语境。故选E。 【17题详解】 根据上文“According to scientists, some plants produce oils during dry periods.(据科学家称，一些植物在干旱时期会分泌油脂)”可知，植物在干旱时期会分泌油脂。由此可知，A项And when it rains, these oils are released into the air.(下雨时，这些油被释放到空气中)和上文意思紧密联系，句中的these oils指的就是上文提到的油脂，是上文的语意递进，符合语境。故选A项。 【18题详解】 根据上文“It occurs when chemicals produced by bacteria in soil are released.(当土壤中的细菌产生的化学物质被释放出来时，就会发生这种情况)”及下文“These bacteria break down and change into simple chemical compounds, providing nutrition for plants.(这些细菌分解成简单的化合物，为植物提供营养)”可知，此处讲述的是土壤中的细菌。由此可知，C项There are a group of microorganisms widely found in soils.(有一组微生物广泛存在于土壤中)能够承上启下，符合语境。故选C项。 【19题详解】 根据上文“Geosmin is then released from the surfaces.(然后土臭素从表面释放出来)”及下文“And it finally gives raindrops their familiar scent.(它最终赋予了雨滴熟悉的气味)”可知，空格处内容为土臭素的进一步的传播。由此可知，G项It is further spread around its surroundings with the aid of wind and rain.(在风和雨的帮助下，它在周围进一步传播)能够承上启下，符合语境。故选G项。 【20题详解】 根据下文“And the next time someone mentions how much they love the smell of rain, you can prove your intelligence by explaining where that smell comes from.(下次有人提到他们有多喜欢雨的味道时，你可以通过解释气味的来源来证明你的智商)”可知，此处提到有人很喜欢雨的味道。由此可知，B项The smell of petrichor is quite pleasant to the human nose.(雨后的芳香对于人的鼻子闻起来是很舒服的)和下文内容意思一致，都是讲的对于雨的味道的喜爱，符合语境。故选B项。 第二部分 英语知识运用(满分22.5分) 完形填空(共15小题;每小题1.5分，满分22.5分) 阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的四个选项(A、B、C和D)中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 As a child, Ronald lived in a library. His father was a custodian (守护人) , who kept the library clean and tidy. “The job of the library custodian is just like being the ____21____ of the temple of knowledge,” Ronald tells a reporter at StoryCorps. At first, Ronald says he was ____22____ of his unusual home, which was different from others’ nice ones. “I never dared to ____23____ any of my friends to visit my home. ____24____, I was proud that nobody else had as many ____25____ as I had.” he said. Once the library closed for the day, it was a ____26____ to be the only kid in the building. “I could run, jump and scream. And at midnight, if I had any question, I would ____27____ and start reading a book until 3 o’clock in the morning,” he says, “I began to realize how ____28____ it is to have the library because the library gave me the love of reading that has never ____29____ me.” He says his time living in the library ____30____ him into the man he is today. He was the first in his family to ____31____ from high school, and then from college. A few years later, he got a position as a ____32____ at Cape Cod Community College. “I took my dad and ____33____ him the classroom and my name on the door — Professor Ronald. He just ____34____. “That’s my Dad, quiet. But… I saw the way he looked at it,” Ronald says. “He wanted me to aim higher. I am ____35____ for the days my family spent in the library.” 21. A. reader B. keeper C. founder D. learner 22. A. pleased B. keen C. ashamed D. disappointed 23. A. promise B. invite C. appoint D. reject 24. A. Therefore B. Besides C. Otherwise D. However 25. A. books B. items C. toys D. foods 26. A. sorrow B. delight C. fear D. danger 27. A. work out B. end up C. get up D. get down 28. A. odd B. normal C. horrible D. great 29. A. reached B. controlled C. left D. hugged 30. A. shaped B. translated C. tricked D. forced 31. A. hear B. escape C. return D. graduate 32. A. physician B. politician C. professor D. librarian 33. A. offered B. showed C. sent D. brought 34. A. nodded B. hesitated C. clapped D. explained 35. A. grateful B. responsible C. eager D. regretful 【答案】21. B 22. C 23. B 24. D 25. A 26. B 27. C 28. D 29. C 30. A 31. D 32. C 33. B 34. A 35. A 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇记叙文。罗纳德小时候生活在一个图书馆里，曾经因此而感到羞愧，但后来他为自己拥有那么多的书感到骄傲，并且在图书馆里生活的日子造就了现在的他。他是家里第一个高中毕业的，然后是第一个大学毕业的，后来成为了一名教授。 【21题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：“图书馆管理员的工作就像知识圣殿的守护者，”罗纳德告诉StoryCorps的一位记者。A.reader读者；B.keeper看守人；C.founder创立者；D. learner学习者。根据“The job of the library custodian”和“of the temple of knowledge”可知，此处是指图书馆管理员的工作就像是知识神庙的守护者。故选B。 【22题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：起初，罗纳德说他为自己不寻常的家感到羞愧，因为他的家和别人家的好房子不一样。A. pleased高兴的；B. keen热情的；C. ashamed羞愧的；D. disappointed失望的。根据“I never dared to 　　　　3　　　　 any of my friends to visit my home.”可知，他为自己不寻常的家感到羞愧。故选C。 【23题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：我从来不敢邀请任何朋友来我家做客。A. promise承诺；B. invite邀请；C. appoint任命；D. reject拒绝。根据“never”及“any of my friends to visit my home”可知，此处是指从来不敢邀请任何朋友来家里做客。故选B。 【24题详解】 考查副词词义辨析。句意：然而，我感到骄傲的是，没有人有这么多的书。A. Therefore因此；B. Besides此外；C. Otherwise否则；D. However然而。根据“I was proud”和“I never dared to 　　　　3　　　　 any of my friends to visit my home.”可知，前后构成转折关系。故选D。 【25题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：然而，我感到骄傲的是，没有人有这么多的书。A. books书；B. items项目；C. toys玩具；D. foods食物。根据“As a child, Ronald lived in a library.”可知，此处是指没有人有这么多的书。故选A。 【26题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：一旦图书馆关门，成为大楼里唯一的孩子是一件快乐的事。A. sorrow悲伤；B. delight快乐；C. fear恐惧；D. danger危险。根据“I could run, jump and scream.”可知，此处是指这是一种快乐。故选B。 【27题详解】 考查动词短语辨析。句意：在午夜，如果我有任何问题，我会起床并开始阅读一本书，直到凌晨3点。A. work out解决；B. end up结束；C. get up起床；D. get down使沮丧。根据“And at midnight”和“start reading a book until 3 o’clock in the morning”可知，此处是指起床。故选C。 【28题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我开始意识到有图书馆是有多棒，因为图书馆给了我从未离开我的对阅读的爱。A. odd古怪的；B. normal正常的；C. horrible令人恐惧的；D. great极好的。根据“because the library gave me the love of reading”可知，此处是指有图书馆是有多棒。故选D。 【29题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：我开始意识到有图书馆是有多棒，因为图书馆给了我从未离开我的对阅读的爱。A. reached到达；B. controlled控制；C. left离开；D. hugged拥抱。根据“the library gave me the love of reading”可知，此处是指对阅读的爱从未远离。故选C。 【30题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：他说他在图书馆生活的那段时间造就了今天的他。A. shaped塑造；B. translated翻译；C. tricked欺骗；D. forced强迫。根据“into the man he is today”可知，此处是指他在图书馆生活的那段时间造就了今天的他。故选A。 【31题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：他是家里第一个高中毕业，然后是大学毕业的。A. hear听到；B. escape逃跑；C. return返回；D. graduate毕业。根据“from high school, and then from college”可知，此处是指他是家里第一个高中毕业的。故选D。 【32题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：几年后，他在科德角社区学院得到了一个教授的职位。A. physician医师；B. politician政客；C. professor教授；D. librarian图书管理员。根据下文“my name on the door — Professor Ronald”可知，他在科德角社区学院得到了一个教授的职位。故选C。 【33题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：我带着爸爸去看教室，门上写着我的名字——罗纳德教授。A. offered提供；B. showed展示；C. sent送；D. brought带来。根据“I saw the way he looked at it”可知，此处是指给爸爸展示教室和门上的名字。故选B。 34题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：他只是点头。A. nodded点头；B. hesitated犹豫；C. clapped鼓掌；D. explained解释。根据“But... I saw the way he looked at it”和“just”可知，此处是指他只是点头，没有说话。故选A。 【35题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我很感激我的家人在图书馆度过的日子。A. grateful感激的；B. responsible负责的；C.eager 渴望的；D. regretful遗憾的。根据“He says his time living in the library  　　　　10　　　　 him into the man he is today.”可知，此处是指很感激在图书馆度过的日子，因为这段日子成就了之后的作者。故选A。 第三部分：基础知识考查(满分22.5分) 第一节：单词考查(共10小题，每小题1分，满分10分) 根据括号内中文或单词提示，在下面空格处填入一个符合句子意思和语法结构的词。 36. “I got it,” Lily said again in a near __________ (耳语). (根据汉语提示单词拼写) 【答案】whisper 【解析】 【详解】考查名词。句意：“我明白了。” Lily又用近乎耳语的声音说了一遍。根据提示的汉语，表示“耳语”应为whisper作宾语，且空前有不定冠词a，所以使用名词单数形式。故填whisper。 37. Jack asked, not able to contain his __________ (好奇心) despite his already intense dislike for Phillip. (根据汉语提示单词拼写) 【答案】curiosity 【解析】 【详解】考查名词。句意：杰克问道，尽管他已经非常不喜欢菲利普，但还是压抑不住自己的好奇心。根据汉语提示可知，空处应填名词curiosity“好奇心”作宾语，为不可数名词。故填curiosity。 38. The __________ (信号) for a race to start is often the firing of a gun. (根据汉语提示单词拼写) 【答案】signal 【解析】 【详解】考查名词。句意：比赛开始的信号通常是鸣枪。根据提示的汉语，表示“信号”应为signal作主语，根据谓语动词is可知，此处为单数形式。故填signal。 39. It takes time and __________ (耐心) to learn a language. (根据汉语提示单词拼写) 【答案】patience 【解析】 【详解】考查名词。句意：学习一门语言需要时间和耐心。根据提示的汉语，表示“耐心”应为patience作宾语，且为不可数名词。故填patience。 40. Please do not __________ (犹豫；迟疑) to contact me if you have any questions. (根据汉语提示单词拼写) 【答案】hesitate 【解析】 【详解】考查动词。句意：如果您有任何问题，请不要犹豫联系我。根据句意及汉语提示可知，空处应填动词hesitate“犹豫，迟疑”，此句为祈使句的否定形式，do not后应用动词原形。故填hesitate。 41. She tries not to use her phone when she studies, but it’s hard to __________ (忽视). (根据汉语提示单词拼写) 【答案】ignore 【解析】 【详解】考查动词。句意：她在学习时尽量不使用手机，但这很难忽视。根据提示的汉语，表示“忽视”应为ignore，且位于不定式符号to之后，所以此处使用动词原形。故填ignore。 42. All our results are published in __________ (科学) journals. (根据汉语提示单词拼写) 【答案】scientific 【解析】 【详解】考查形容词。句意：我们所有的研究结果都发表在科学期刊上。根据提示的汉语，表示“科学的”应为形容词scientific作定语修饰名词journals。故填scientific。 43. He knew I was________ (energy) and dynamic and would get things done. （所给词的适当形式填空） 【答案】energetic 【解析】 【详解】考查形容词。句意：他知道我精力充沛，充满活力，能把事情做好。空处和形容词dynamic并列，应填形容词作表语，energetic精力充沛的，故填energetic。 44. With the restoration of vegetation, the desert __________ (gradual) returned to life. (所给词的适当形式填空) 【答案】gradually 【解析】 【详解】考查副词。句意：随着植被的恢复，沙漠逐渐恢复了生机。空处修饰空后的动词，应该用副词修饰。故填gradually。 45. You may leave the classroom with your teacher’s __________ (permit). (所给词的适当形式填空) 【答案】permission 【解析】 【详解】考查名词。句意：只有得到老师的许可，你才能离开教室。空处应用名词permission“许可”作介词with的宾语，with one’s permission“得到某人的许可”为固定短语。故填permission。 第二节：句子考查(共12.5分，填空题9.5分，每空0.5分;句子翻译一个3分) 46. As is well known, the Dragon-Boat Festival is held __________ __________ __________ (以纪念) the famous poet, Qu Yuan. (根据汉语提示完成句子) 【答案】 ①. in ②. memory##honor##honour ③. of 【解析】 【详解】考查介词短语。句意：众所周知，端午节是为了纪念著名诗人屈原而举行。根据提示的汉语，表示“以纪念”应为介词短语in memory of或者是in honor/honour of。故填①in②memory/honor/honour③of 47. Rado’s dad always made sure the gas can was full, but I checked anyway, just __________ __________ (以防万一). (根据汉语提示完成句子) 【答案】 ①. in ②. case 【解析】 【详解】考查固定短语。句意：拉多的爸爸总是确保油罐是满的，但我还是检查了一下，以防万一。根据提示的汉语，表示“以防万一”应为in case作状语。故填①in②case。 48. Much __________ __________ __________ (令她失望) and annoyance, she failed to achieve her goal of making it to the final. (根据汉语提示完成句子) 【答案】 ①. to ②. her ③. disappointment 【解析】 【详解】考查介词短语。句意：令她失望和烦恼的是，她没能达到进入决赛的目标。根据提示的汉语，表示“令某人失望”应为介词短语to one’s disappointment，表示“她”应为形容词性物主代词，应为her。故填①to②her③disappointment。 49. __________ __________ __________ (除了) teaching, he worked in a laboratory in Berlin, where he was busy creating new equipment. (根据汉语提示完成句子) 【答案】 ①. In ②. addition ③. to 【解析】 【详解】考查介词短语。句意：除了教学之外，他还在柏林的一个实验室工作，在那里他忙着制造新的设备。根据提示的汉语，表示“除了”应为in addition to，且位于句首，介词in的首字母需大写。故填①In②addition③to。 50. Finally, Qu Yuan threw himself into the Miluo River __________ __________ (绝望中) on the fifth day of the fifth lunar month. (根据汉语提示完成句子) 【答案】 ①. in ②. despair 【解析】 【详解】考查固定短语。句意：最后，屈原在农历五月初五绝望地投汨罗江自尽。根据汉语提示“绝望中”可知，此处使用固定短语in despair。故填in despair。 51. Though he was treated in hospital, he managed to help me through his remote guidance. (同义句转换) __________ __________ in hospital, he managed to help me through his remote guidance. 【答案】 ①. Though ②. treated 【解析】 【详解】考查状语从句中的省略。句意：虽然他在医院接受治疗，但他通过远程指导帮助了我。条件状语、时间状语以及让步状语从句中的主语和主句主语一致，且从句中的谓语动词含有be动词时，可以省略“主语+be”，原句为though引导的让步状语从句，从句中的主语和主句的主语一致，且从句的谓语动词中含有be动词was，所以可以省去“he was”，只保留过去分词treated，其它内容不变，though位于句首，所以首字母需大写。故填①Though②treated。 52. We went along silently on tiptoe so as not to disturb anyone. (同义句转换) __________ __________ __________ __________ disturb anyone, we went along silently on tiptoe. 【答案】 ①. In ②. order ③. not ④. to 【解析】 【详解】考查固定短语。句意：为了不打扰任何人，我们蹑手蹑脚地走着。原句中表示“为了不……”使用的是so as not to，该短语可以替换为in order not to，位于句首，所以in的首字母需大写。故填①In②order③not④to。 53. 钱学森与大多数工程师不同之处在于他不断地渴望创新和实验。(使用主语从句翻译) _______________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】What sets Qian Xuesen apart from most engineers is his constant desire to innovate and experiment. 【解析】 【详解】考查主语从句、动词短语、形容词和名词。根据句意，该句描述的为客观事实，所以使用一般现在时，表示“使……不同于……”应为set…apart from…，根据提示，表示“钱学森与大多数工程师不同之处”应为主语从句，从句中缺少主语，所以使用连接代词what引导主语从句作主语，位于句首，what的首字母需大写，谓语动词应为sets，“钱学森”应为Qian Xuesen作sets的宾语，“大多数工程师”应为most engineers作from的宾语，所以主语从句应译为What sets Qian Xuesen apart from most engineers；表示“在于”为be动词，主语从句作主语，且用于一般现在时，所以谓语动词为is，表示“不断的”应为constant作定语修饰名词“渴望”，“渴望”应为名词desire，表示“创新和实验”应为innovate and experiment作定语修饰名词desire，根据desire to do可知，此处应使用动词不定式形式。故翻译为What sets Qian Xuesen apart from most engineers is his constant desire to innovate and experiment. 第四部分 写作(共二节;满分40分) 第一节 任务型写作(15分) 54. 假设你是晨光中学的李津。我市为外国友人提供生活信息的某英文网站新增了 《最美中华》栏目，请你给该栏目投稿，介绍一个国内你喜欢或去过的地方。内容包括： (1)该地方的基本情况(如名称、地理位置等)； (2)该地方的特色(如文化、景点等)； (3)你对该地方的印象和感受。 注意：(1)词数不少于100； (2)可适当加入细节，使内容充实、行文连贯。 A Beautiful Place in China March 19, 2021 By Li Jin ______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】A Beautiful Place in China March 19, 2021 By Li Jin Sichuan Province is located in southwestern part of China. It enjoys many world-famous places of interest, such as Jiuzhaigou and Dujiangyan Irrigation project. Jiuzhaigou National Park is a nature reserve in the north of Sichuan Province. What is the most impressive is its many multi-level waterfalls and colorful lakes. What’s more , walking in the nature reserve, you have a chance to see rare animals like giant pandas, golden monkeys. There are also many species of rare plants protected here. Another famous scenic spot is Dujiangyan Irrigation Project. It dates from over 2,000 years ago. However, it is still playing an important part in irrigation today. I’m sure the visitors will be amazed by the beautiful scenery in Jiazhaigou as well as the construction Dujiangyan Irrigation Project. 【解析】 【分析】本篇书面表达属于说明文，要求给英文网站《最美中华》栏目投稿，介绍介绍一个国内你喜欢或去过的地方。 【详解】第一步：审题 体裁：说明文 时态： 一般现在时 结构：总分法 第一段是文章的总起段，说明四川省有很多著名的景点；第二段介绍景点九寨沟和都江堰灌溉工程，第三部分说明你对该地方的印象和感受。 要求： 1. 说明四川省有很多著名的景点 ①四川的地理位置：中国西南部 ②著名景点：九寨沟、都江堰灌溉工程 2. 介绍景点九寨沟和都江堰灌溉工程 ① 九寨沟是自然保护区 ②给人印象最深的层层叠叠的瀑布和五颜六色的湖泊，有很多珍稀动植物 ③都江堰灌溉工程始于2000多年前，现在仍然起着灌溉的作用 3. 你对该地方的印象和感受：九寨沟的美景和都江堰灌溉工程的建造会让你惊叹 第二步:列提纲 （重点词组） be located in；world-famous；places of interest；a nature reserve ；impressive；multi-level waterfalls；have a chance to do…；rare animals；scenic spot；date from；play an important part in；be amazed by 第三步：连词成句 (1) Sichuan Province is located in southwestern part of China. (2) It enjoys many world-famous places of interest, such as Jiuzhaigou and Dujiangyan Irrigation project. (3)Jiuzhaigou National Park is a nature reserve in the north of Sichuan Province. (4) What is the most impressive is its many multi-level waterfalls and colorful lakes. (5) Walking in the nature reserve, you have a chance to see rare animals such as giant pandas, golden monkeys. (6) There are many species of rare plants protected here (7) Another famous scenic spot is Dujiangyan Irrigation Project. (8) It dates from over 2,000 years ago. (9) It is still playing an important part in irrigation today. (10) I’m sure the visitors will be amazed by its construction. 根据提示及关键词（组）进行遣词造句，注意主谓一致和时态问题。 第四步：连句成篇 1.表递进关系：what is more 2.表转折关系：however 3.表示列举：such as, like 【点睛】[高分句型1] What is the most impressive is its many multi-level waterfalls and colorful lakes.（what引导的主语从句） [高分句型2] Walking in the nature reserve, you have a chance to see rare animals such as giant pandas, golden monkeys.（现在分词作状语） 第二节 读后续写(满分25分) 55. 阅读下面短文，根据所给情节进行续写，使之构成一个完整的故事。 Several years ago, I was living in New York and working for an airline, so I never got back home for Christmas. My Christmas was happy too with some other colleagues around. But in my heart, I was sad because I couldn’t stay with my family. Sometimes my colleagues would say our Christmas was filled with tears. But this Christmas was different. I was lucky. I had the whole day off, which meant I could stay with my family on Christmas Eve. When Christmas miming came, I awoke to a small hand rubbing my face. “Dad. Merry Christmas!” was all my younger son had time to say. He seemed to be racing against time. I knew he was hunting for gifts with his brother eagerly. I got downstairs just to see the two little boys’ faces as they looked at the pocket rockets Santa Claus had left them. I realized that the real Christmas was for the children who had deep belief in the amazing power of Santa Claus. At first, their fingers went almost shyly over their toys. When their inspection (检查) had been completed, the two boys ensured that the gifts were really delivered by Santa Claus and they dragged everything into the center of the living room. Delight flooded the room. As their mother began giving out gins, I smiled to myself, wondering how my unexpected gifts this year would be received. With so many Christmas spent outside, I had prepared so many gifts for my children and together with my wife I hid them in several secret places. But the children were excellent detectives and they found all of them. They were happily opening packages constantly thanking considerate Santa Claus for his kindness and ability to know their desires. But had not received a single one. I knew they had forgotten my existence with my absence from their Christmas these years. 注意： 1.所续写短文的词数应为150左右； 2.续写部分分为两段，每段的开头语已为你写好。 Paragraph 1： I had to admit that my disappointment was growing steadily. ______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Paragraph 2: Suddenly my wife walked up to me. ______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】I had to admit that my disappointment was growing steadily. I was wondering whether I could get a gift when my younger son ran to me, who was really kind enough to save my face. He asked me to admire his gift which he deeply believed was carefully chosen by Santa Claus. He said happily that he would share some of the gifts of his and allow me to choose one from them. I thanked him from the bottom of my heart, still feeling disappointed. Suddenly my wife walked up to me. It seemed that she had guessed how I felt. She asked me to look at the Christmas tree which was decorated with so many boxes. I think she was showing off her efforts on the decoration but she took off a small box and passed it to me smiling and saying it was for me. I opened it and saw a letter which read “We will never forget you. Merry Christmas!” Under the letter was a watch which was clicking with delight. I was moved to tears. 【解析】 【分析】本篇书面表达考查读后续写。 【详解】1.认真读懂所给提供的材料：因为工作的原因，作者有几年没有回家过圣诞节，因此他很伤心。这个圣诞节不一样，作者有一整天的假期，他终于可以和家人一起过圣诞节了。欢乐弥漫了整个房间，但是作者没有收到意想不到的礼物，他感觉有点难过，这些年来他不在家过圣诞节，家人也许已经把他的存在给忘了。 2.续写部分和前面的文章衔接得上，并且与原文情节发展和人物性格相一致，故事情节的向后延续发展要合乎情理。 3.根据第一段首句I had to admit that my disappointment was growing steadily.(我不得不承认，我的失望情绪越来越严重)可以对没有收到礼物后发生了什么展开构思；根据第二段首句Suddenly my wife walked up to me.( 突然，我妻子向我走来)可以针对作者和妻子之间发生什么展开构思。 4.续写的语言要尽可能与原文的语言保持风格上的一致。文章时态以一般过去时为主。应使用自己熟悉的句型和短语进行写作，考生要注意尽可能使句子的表达形式多样化，适当的使用一些高级句式和高级词汇，以提高书面表达的档次和可读性。作文要层次清晰，要点全面，表达流畅，切合题干要求，句子结构准确，适当补充信息，使篇章结构连贯。 【点睛】范文内容完整，语言规范，语篇连贯，词数适当。作者在范文中使用了较多高级表达方式，如宾语从句、时间状语从句及定语从句I was wondering whether I could get a gift when my younger son ran to me, who was really kind enough to save my face.非谓语动词I thanked him from the bottom of my heart, still feeling disappointed.倒装句型Under the letter was a watch which was clicking with delight.全文中没有中国式英语的句式，显示了很高的驾驭英语的能力。另外，文章思路清晰、层次分明，上下句转换自然，为文章增色添彩。 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$