四川省德阳天立学校2023-2024学年高二下学期期中考试英语试题

德阳天立学校高2022级高二下期中考试 英语试卷 第1部分 听力 第2部分 阅读（共两节，满分50分） 第1节 （共15题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分） 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。 A Albert Einstein’s reading list “Don Quixote” by Miguel de Cervantes "Don Quixote" is chosen as part of reading in high school Spanish classes worldwide. In this novel, a man named Don Quixote decides that being an old-timey knight (骑土) would be great. Everyone think she's crazy since he's a few hundred years too late for the old system. He ends up goingg on various stupid explorations and finally mistakes a windmill (风车) for a strongman and fights it to death (his death, not the windmillis) "A System of Logic" by John Stuart Mill This 17th-century English philosopher supported the pdea that women should have the same rights and opportunities as men, in his book, he argued for total female equality. In response, British journalist Ernest Belfort Bax wrote "The Legal Subjection of Men" ,in which he argued that men were actually weaker than women. "The Grammar of Science" by Karl Pearson Karl Pearson, a 19th-century English mathematician, thought imagination was very important. "All great scientists have, in a certain sense, been great artists; the man with no imagination may collect facts, but he cannot make great discoveries," Pearson said. Among other things, Pearson imagined that someone who time traveled faster than the speed of light would go backwards in time. If any of this sounds familiar, it might be because these ideas showed up in Einstein's world-changing theories. "Ethics” by Baruch Spinoza Spinoza thought that the universe (宇宙) was made of one material, so there was no mind-body separation. These ideas may have influenced Einstein a good deal. "Be not surprised at new ideas," wrote Spinoza, "for it is well known to you that a thing is no longer true because it is not accepted by many." 21. Who will probably show great interest in Mill's book? A. Doctors B.Human rights workers C.Film directors. D. Natural scientists. 22. What does Baruch Spinoza encourage readers to do? A. Fight for social equality. B. Keep up with the times. C. Be open to new ideas. D. Develop strong imagination. 23. Which book mentions an idea similar to Einstein's? A. Ethics. B.Don Quixote. C. System of bogic. D. The Grammar of Science. B 12 year old Skyla wanted to do something nice for the health care workers who cared for her beloved great grandmother hospitalized with the flu. It was the nurses who got the sick great-grandmother up fromthe hospital bed to see Skyla and her mother outside when they went to hold up homemade signs outside the hospital windows. Wanting to do something special for the health care workers. Skyla created the McAllen Nurse CareKit Project, filling gallon-sized bags with treats ranging from chips to pens and notepads. Each bag, with a handwritten card thanking them for their hard work and devotion, was delivered to Edinburg Regional Hospital, where her great-grandmother was treated. "So they have something to snack on during their lunch break if they don't have anything with them, and they also contain a handwritten card to show that we thank them," Skyla said. Skyla invited some of her fellow troop members from the McAllen Girl Scouts Service Unit to help.After creating 213 kits with friends and family, the girls packed an additional 200—bringing the total to 413 kits for the hospital. I'm just proud that she took the time because it was hours, from the packing of the kits to organizing and writing those handmade cards," said Skyla's mother. I'm really glad she is able to have this experience because this summer wasn't the same as it is usually, but it sounded good that we made it a little bit more influential to the community. Though Skyla's great-grandmother has been released from the hospital and is back home recovering,she isn't stopping just quite yet. She's preparing to head back to school, but before that she hopes to let the MoAllen Nurse Care Kit Project branch out into serving another hospital. 24.Why did Skyla inculde a card in the kit? A. To label the bags. B. To thank her great-grandmother. C. To show her gratitude to the medical staff. D. To keep track of the hospital lunch's recipe. 25. Why does the author list the numbers in paragraph 3? A. To record the membership of the girls. B. To indicate the hospital's service needs. C. To acknowledge the girls' achievements. D. To show the importance of handwritten cards. 26. What's the first thing Skyla will do next? A. Expand her project. B. Head back to school. C. Serve her community. D. Pick up her great grandmother. 27. Which of the following can best describe Skyla? A. Athletic. B.Thoughtful. C. Honest D. Modest. C In the days before the Internet, critical thinking was the most important skill of informed citizens. But in the digital age, according to Anastasia Kozyreva, a psychologist at the Max Planck Institute of Human Development, and her colleagues, an even more important skill is critical ignoring. As the researchers point out, we live in an attention economy where content producers on the Internet compete for our attention. They attract us with a lot of emotional and eye-catching stories while providing little useful information, so they can expose us to profit generating advertisements. Therefore, we are no longer customers but products, and each link we click is a sale of our time and attention. To protect ourselves from this, Kozyreva advocates for learning the skill of critical ignoring, in which readers intentionally control their information environment to reduce exposure to false and low-quality information. According to Kozyreva, critical ignoring comprises three strategies. The first is to design our environments. which involves the removal of low-quality yet hard-to-resist information from around.Successful dieters need to keep unhealthy food out of their homes. Likewise, we need to set up a digital environment where attention-grabbing items are kept out of sight. As with dieting, if one tries to bank on willpower not to click eye-catching "news", he'll surely fail. So, it's better to just keep them out of sight to begin with. The next is to evaluate the reliability of information, whose purpose is to protect you from false and misleading information. It can be realized by checking the source in the mainstream news agencies which have their reputations for being trustworthy. The last goes by the phrase "do not-feed the trolls." Trolls are actors who internationally spread false and hurtful information online to cause harm. It may be appealing to respond to them to set the facts straight, but trolls just care about annoying others rather than facts. So, it's best not to reward their badbehaviour with our attention. By sharpening our critical ignoring skills in these ways, we can make the most of the Internet while avoiding falling victim to those who try to control our attention, time, and minds. 28. What can we learn about the attention economy from paragraph 2? A. It offers little information. B. It features depressing stories. C. It saves time for Internet users. D. It seeks profits from each click. 29.Why does the author mention dieters in paragraph 3? A. To discuss the quality of information B. To prove the benefits of healthy food. C. To show the importance of environments D. To explain the effectiveness of willpower. 30. What should we do to handle Internet trolls according to the text? A. Reveal their intention. B. Turn a deaf ear to them. C. Correct their behaviour. D. Send hard facts to them. 31. What is the text mainly about? A. Reasons for critical thinking in the attention economy. B. Practising the skill of critical ignoring in the digital age. C. Maximizing the benefits of critical ignoring on the Internet. D. Strategies of abandoning critical thinking for Internet users. D There's an enormous amount of personal health information people now feed or tap into digital monitors, health apps, search engines and other online tools. If the same information were provided inyour doctor's office, your privacy would be safeguarded. But that's not how the digitized health world works. Instead, we have an ecosystem of abuse in which health technology companies operate largely outside the law that requires doctors and other medical personnel, hospitals and insurers to protect an individual's health information. That means technology companies can — and do — dig your digital data for clues about your health status, accessing information like prescriptions you have purchased and other health services you might have sought, and potentially link this information to your name, address, email address and other personally identifying information. The data can then be used by platforms including Facebook andGoogle to help advertisers target promotions or other communications to you. It's a gaping hole in health privacy protections that comes from the privacy law, which protects interactions between patients, medical professionals and insurers but does not, in most cases, protect patient health data that is recorded on new technologies. Closing the patient privacy gap can- and should -be a priority for lawmakers. The consequences of digital exposure for those seeking reproductive services have drawn significant concern and attention.These worries are reasonable. But reproductive care is only one area of health services where privatepatient information is digitally disclosed. Therefore, lawmakers must take action to protect the privacy of people who are now online for all manners of personal, professional and other reasons. Until then, a narrowly targeted approach that protects health privacy may be politically easier to come into effect. The explosion of digital health technology andthe dramatic increase in its use in the past few years require it greatly. 32.What can we leath aboupthe present situation of the digitized health world? A.Personal health data is used for other purposes. B. Personal health information is difficult to identify. C. Targeted promotions are used to improve people's health. D. Medical personnel protect the personal health information well. 33.What's the author's attitudo towards the present privacy law? A. Approving. B. Critical. C. Cautious. D. Ambiguous. 34 What does the underlined word “it” in Paragraph 6 refer to? A. The spread of health service. B. People's privacy. C. A narrowly targeted approach D. The explosion of digital technology. 35. What is the purpose of the text? A. To introduce a debate on the effect of technology. B. To report cases of illegal information exposure. C. To explain how the digitized health world works. D. To advocate improvement in the privacy law. 第二节（共 5 小题；每小题 2.5 分，满分 12.5 分） Claustrophobia Claustrophobia, or fear of enclosed spaces, is one of the most common fears. Claustrophobia can be deep fear or even panic as a result of being in a small space. Claustrophobia can develop after a troubling childhood experience, or from another unpleasant experience later on in life related to small spaces. 36._______ This response then becomes programmed inthe brain, making an association between being in a tight space and feeling anxious or out-of-control. As aresult, th person often develops claustrophobia. 37.______Claustrophobia symptoms can include: sweating, accelerated heartbeat, upset stomach, shaking, breathing problem, etc. The claustrophobia sufferer will look for an exit when inside a room, avoid driving on the highway or major roads where there is Keavy traffic when inside a car, or stand near adoor when at a party. 38.____ Claustrophobia can have harmful social and psychological effects, since the patient will often avoidsituations in whish she thinks she will have an anxiety attack, leading to hiding and sadness. 39.______ Exposure treatment, a form of mind-behavioral treatment, usually results in a total reduction in anxiety symptoms if conducted properly. Flooding is a fype of exposure treatment in whichthe person is exposed to a situation until the anxiety attack passes. 40.______ Medications to help treat claustrophobia include things which help to ease the heart beating to fast often associated with anxiety attacks. A. According to some doctors, claustrophobla is worse than the fear of heights B.The past experience can trace back to the moment of birth C.The good news is that claustrophobia is very treatable D. When a person with claustrophobia finds herself in a restricted space, her body responds in certain ways E. In extreme cases, the very sight of a closed door can lead to feelings of anxiety in a person F. Treatment for claustrophobia can also include medication or a combination of several treatments G. When a person experiences such an event, it can often cause a frightening panic attack 第三部分 语言运用（共两节，满分30 分） 第一节（共 15 小题；每小题 1 分,满分 15 分） 阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 I was ten when my mother was diagnosed with cancer, Prior to that, she had been a(n) 41.______woman, active to an extent most people found astonishing. As a child, I was amazed by her accomplishments. But at thirty-one, her life 42._______.And so did mine. She could do anything, I 43._____. She won tennis tournaments. She took photographs and held her own exhibition. She 44._______ as a newspaper oolumnist, and she cooked Spanish dishes for the family. Now, she faced her illness with the same 45._______.Words like "disabled”and "physical therapy"became part of a(n) 46.______ new world we entered together. 47._______, I began to help take care of her.And it became routine to 48.______her into the kitchen, where she instructed me in the 49._______of peeling carrots and potatoes and how to prepare a decent breakfast. Every accomplishment was a 50._______for us both: the electric typewriter, the car with power steering and brakes, her return to 51._______, where she earned a master's degree in special education. She eventually founded an activist support group called The Handicappers. One day, without 52._______much beforehand, she took me to a Handicappers meeting. I had never seen so many people with so many 53.______ .I returned home, thinking how 54.________we really were. Because my mother accepted her condition with such optimism, I rarely felt sad or resentful about it.Instead, I viewed her drive to look forward to things I 55.________ as a great mystery and powerful inspiration in my life. 41.A.gentle B.energetic C.talented D.decent 42.A.changed B.failed C.improved D.paused 43.A.imagined B.admitted C.doubted D.believed 44.A.applied B.spoke C.wrote D.studied 45.A.success B.sincerity C.enthusiasm D.wisdom 46.A.familiar B.strange C.exciting D.changeable 47.A.Gradually B.Particularly C.Alternatively D.Finally 48.A.drag B.pull C.guide D.wheel 49.A.art B.significance C.safety D.plan 50.A.solution B.milestone C.dream D.warning 51.A.hospital B.court C.work D.college 52.A.saying B.hiding C.pretending D.showing 53.A.gifts B.disabilities C.weaknesses D.privileges 54.A.strong B.hopeless C.helpful D.fortunate 55.A.took into account B.bore in mind C.took for granted D.kept in check 第2节 （共15题；每小题1分，满分15分） 阅读下面句子，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 56. In recent years,Chinese traditional drama has been getting ___________ (increse) popular worldwide. 57. The members will serve________ part of a crew conducting invasive plant treatment and habitat restroration efforts. 58. Among the most surprsing ___________(discovery) was a large stone complex now called La Cuernavilla. 59. Because the process of collecting and boiling down the sap to make maple syrup __________ (require) a lot of manpower and time, it’s quite expensive. 60. Cut down on _______ you throw away and watch out for single-use items like coffee pods whose production generates greenhouse gases. 61. So ________ (ambition) is John that he aims to set up his own company. 62. Many a programme of economic reforms __________ (approve) by parliament so far. 63. A park in Dandong, Lioaning province,__________ (feature) sculptures, opened to the public on 22 Oct,2020. 64. Professors and students alike in the three universities made ______ epic journey over a distance of more than 2,000 kilometers , most of them on foot. 65. Following in the footsteps of his own teacher all those years ago, Mr.Wang has now passed on his skills to the new memebers ,________ will take on many of the future repairs. 66. No agreement reached,the _________(represent) wanted another round of talks. 67. There is much to learn ,share and celebrate on World Olive Tree Day, and UNESCO encourages everyone to participate in activities such as debates and exhibitions__________ (organize) worldwide. 68. This lack of self-interest and promotion kept Cunningham focused on his craft , enbling him ____________ (capture) New York’s unique street style. 69. What is specially impressive about the drama is that the danes are adapted _________ more than 100 Dunhuang Grotto murals(壁画) of Gansu Province. 70. So do your body and future self a favor by forcing _________ (your) to eat healthy meals throughout the day. 第3部分 写作（共两节，满分40分） 第1节 （满分15分） 假定你是校学生会主席李华，请你以“my low-carbon life”为题写一篇保护环境的演讲稿。内容包括： 1、 低碳生活的重要性 2、你的具体做法 第二节 （满分25分） 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。 When Mary entered the south Pole Penguin(企鹅) Research Lab, she saw her friend Tom gently stroking (轻抚) a penguin in his arms, As children of the lab scientists, Mary and Tom often observed the emperor penguins that were studied to understand how they adapted to extreme temperatures —insights that could aid human survival. "We're thirteen, Tom. It's time to grow up and stop playing with the lab penguins," said Mary as she started cleaning. "They're research animals, not pets.” "But the birds listen to mel" insisted Tom, his breath forming a cloud in the freezing air. "You're just trying to be a penguin whisperer again," Mary replied, shaking her head with a gentle smile. The penguins seemed playful as they walked, dove, swam and chased their live fish for sport before eating. Suddenly , an alarm rang out and red lights flashed , signaling a problem. The kids rushed over tolook into it: "It's colder than before —there's ice forming on the water, noted Tom. Though always cold,Mary had never seen ice here before. She checked the habifat monitor and found that the temperature hadgone down a lot. "The heater must be broken!" Mary quickly sent a message to their parents' research team, who were conducting outdoor studies.With the adults away, the kids would have to deal with the freezing conditions until help arrived. Time dragged as Mary and Tom anxiously waited. The increasing cold caused them to shake. "I wonder what emperor penguins do in extreme cold, since they stay in the Pole all winter instead of going somewhere warmer," asked Mary. "They huddle (挤作一团),”Tom answered. "They huddle together tightly so that the birds in the middle will be warm enough." "What about the ones on the edge?" Maryasked. "They push their way towards the center, and then move back out to the edge, and struggle backagain. Scientists in the early 21st century recorded it." He replied as he stared at the large crowd of the penguins in the lab. 注意：1.续写词数应为 150 左右；2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。 "I have an idea to stay warm!" Tom shouted excitedly._________________ Two and a halfhours later , the parents returned with help._______________ 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$