内容正文:
中考英语专项复习专题一---动词的非谓语形式
动词不定式:
(to+) 动词原形
作主语:为避免句子结构头重脚轻,常用it 作形式主语,而真正的主语放在句末,其句型结构为It+be+adj.+for/of sb.+to do sth.
例句:It is important for us to obey the school rules. 对我们来说遵守校规很重要。
It is polite of you to speak to others like that. 你那样跟别人说话是有礼貌的。
动词不定式:
(to+) 动词原形
作宾语:常见的接不定式作宾语的动词有agree, learn, plan, wish, want, decide 等。
例句:I plan to visit the Great Wall this summer holiday. 我计划今年暑假去参观长城。
作宾语补足语:
(1)常见接带to 的不定式作补足语的动词有ask, tell, allow, encourage 等;
例句:My parents tell me not to watch TV too long. 我父母告诉我不要看太久电视。
2)常见接不带to 的不定式作补足语的有使役动词make, let, have 和感官动词hear,
see, watch, notice, feel 等。
例句:Running can make us keep strong. 跑步可以使我们保持强壮。
I often hear Mr. Wang sing songs in the room. 我经常听到王先生在房间里唱歌。
作状语:
(1)作目的状语;
例句:I went to Beijing to visit my grandparents last week.
上周我去北京看望我的祖父母。
(2)作结果状语。
例句:My sister is old enough to go to school this year. 我妹妹今年大了,可以上学了。
作定语(课标未做要求):
不定式一般放在它所修饰的名词或代词后面。
例句:I have a lot of housework to do.
我有很多家务要做。
作表语(课标未做要求)。
例句:My dream is to be a pilot. 我的梦想是成为一名飞行员。
注意
不定式可以和疑问词who, what, which 等连用,构成“疑问词+ 不定式”结构。
例句:I haven’t decided where to go. 我还没决定去哪里。
动名词:
动词+ing
作主语:谓语动词用单数形式。
例句:Swimming is a good way to keep fit.
游泳是保持健康的好方法。
作宾语:(1)作动词的宾语。常见的接动名词形式作宾语的动词有avoid, consider, enjoy, finish, imagine, keep, mind, practice, suggest, worth 等;
例句:He enjoys playing basketball every day.
他喜欢每天打篮球。
(2)作以介词结尾的短语的宾语。常见的短语有:have fun (in) doing sth. 做某事很开心;
be interested in doing sth. 有兴趣做某事;
be/get used to doing sth. 习惯于做某事;
be busy (in) doing sth. 忙于做某事;
feel like doing sth. 想要做某事;
give up doing sth. 放弃做某事;
look forward to doing sth. 期待做某事;
be good at doing sth. 擅长做某事;
prevent sb. from doing sth. 阻止某人做某事。
例句:I’m looking forward to hearing from you.
我期待着收到你的来信。
作表语:表示主语具有抽象的概念。
例句:Seeing is believing. 眼见为实。
分词
(课标未做要
求)
现在分词:
动词+ing
过去分词:
动词+ed
(1)现在分词作定语,现在分词与被修饰的名词在逻辑上是主动关系,
而过去分词作定语,与被修饰名词在逻辑上是被动关系;
例句: Do you know the man sitting by the window?
你认识坐在窗边的那个人吗?
America is a developed country. 美国是一个发达国家。
(2)现在分词作表语,表示主语的性质、特征,而