第1部分 必修第二册 Unit 2 Be sporty, be healthy（Word教参）-【优化指导】2025年高考英语一轮复习高中总复习·第1轮（译林版）

[对应学生用书P52] 分层单词 一、写作词汇——写词形 1．disease n．病，疾病 2．moreover adv.此外，而且 3．reduce vt.减少，缩小 4．jogging n．慢跑锻炼 5．skiing n．滑雪(运动) 6．average n．平均水平，一般水准 adj.平均的；典型的 7．throughout prep.自始至终；各处，遍及 8．sweat n．汗水 vt.& vi.出汗，流汗 9．update vt.使现代化，更新；向……提供最新信息 n．最新消息 10．replace vt.用……替换；代替，取代；更换，更新 11．athlete n．运动员 12．boxing n．拳击运动 13．champion n．冠军，第一名 14．partner n．搭档，同伴；伙伴；合伙人 15．position n．处境；位置；姿势；观点；地位 16．admit vt.& vi.承认；招认；准许进入；准许加入 17．nowadays adv.现今，现在 18．master n．大师，能手；主人vt.精通，掌握；控制 二、阅读词汇——明词义 1．soccer n．(美) 足球运动 2．bat n．蝙蝠；球棒，球板_ vt.& vi.用球棒(板)击球 3．lung n．肺 4．routine n．常规，惯例_ adj.常规的，例行的；乏味的 5．muscle n．肌肉，肌 6．aerobic adj.有氧的；需氧的 7．bone n．骨头，骨 8．gymnastics n．体操，体操训练 9．stretch vt.& vi.伸展，舒展；拉长；伸出；(使)延伸 10．range n．(变动或浮动的)范围，界限，区间；一系列 11．petrol n．汽油 12．protein n．蛋白质 13．tissue n．(人、动植物细胞的)组织；(尤指用作手帕的)纸巾，手巾纸 14．lack n．缺乏，匮乏，短缺 vt.& vi.没有，缺乏，不足，短缺 15．maintain vt.维持；维修，保养 16．court n．球场；法院，法庭；宫廷 17．plus conj.而且，此外_ prep.加；和 18．nearby adj.附近的，邻近的_ adv.在附近，不远 19．gym n．健身房，体育馆 20．ache vi.& n．疼痛，隐痛 21．root vt.& vi.(使)生根_ n．根，根茎；根源，起因 22．diagram n．简图，图解，图表，示意图 三、拓展词汇——灵活用 1．assume vt.假定，认为；承担(责任)，就(职)；呈现，显露→assuming conj.假设；假定→assumption n．设想；假定；(责任的)担任 2．congratulate vt.祝贺；庆贺→congratulation n．祝贺，恭喜；贺辞；恭贺 3．tend vi.往往会；趋向 vt.照看→tendency n．倾向；趋势 4．prevent vt.阻止，阻碍→prevention n．预防；防止→preventable adj.可预防的 5．injure vt.伤害，损伤→injury n．损伤，伤害→injured adj.受伤的 6．energy n．能，能量；精力；能源→energetic adj.精力旺盛的→energetically adv.积极地 7．move v．移动；搬家→movement n．活动，转动；移动；运动→moving adj.动人的；令人感动的→moved adj.感动的 8．inspire vt.激励，鼓舞；启发思考；使产生(感觉或情感)→inspiration n．鼓舞人心的人(或事物)；灵感→inspirational adj.启发灵感的→inspired adj.受到鼓舞的，受到启发的→inspiring adj.令人鼓舞的 9．explore vt.& vi.探究，探索；勘探，勘察→exploration n．探究，探索；勘探，勘察→explorer n．探险者 10．admit vt.& vi.承认；招认；准许进入；准许加入→admission n．承认；招认；准许进入；准许加入 11．hesitate vi.犹豫，迟疑→hesitation n．犹豫 12．announce vt.宣布，宣告；通知→announcement n．通知；宣告→announcer n．播音员；广播员 13．equip vt.& vi.配备，装备→equipment n．设备；配备，装备 14．satisfaction n．满意；满足，达到→satisfy vt.使满足；使满意→satisfying/satisfactory adj.令人满意的→satisfied adj.满意的 15．existence n．生存；存在→exist vi.存在；生活，生存 16．breathless adj.气喘吁吁的；屏息的→breathe vi.& vt.呼吸；呼出→breath n．呼吸 常用短语 1．make_up_for 弥补，补偿 2．have_something_in_common 有共同之处 3．stick_with 持续，坚持 4．tend_to 往往会；照顾 5．do_wonders 创造奇迹，产生神奇作用 6．over_the_long_term 长期 7．put_the_finishing_touches_to 对……进行最后的润色或修饰 8．under_the_weather 略有不适，不舒服 9．in_response_to 对……作出反应；作为对……的回复 10．no_wonder 不足为奇，并不奇怪 11．be_rooted_in 起源于 经典句型 1．教材原句： When to eat is also of great importance. 句型：疑问词＋不定式 翻译：什么时候吃东西也是很重要的。 2．教材原句：To prevent soft tissue injury, make sure that you wear proper clothes and equipment when exercising. 句型：时间状语从句的省略 翻译：为了预防软组织受伤，确保你在锻炼的时候穿着合适的衣服并佩戴合适的设备。 [对应学生用书P53] 词汇精讲 　congratulation n．祝贺；恭喜；贺辞；恭贺 [归纳拓展] ①offer/send/express congratulations to sb. on sth. 向某人祝贺某事 ②congratulate vt.向(某人)道贺；(因某事)为自己感到自豪 congratulate sb.on (doing) sth. 就(做)某事向某人祝贺 congratulate oneself on (doing) sth.因(做)某事感到自豪/庆幸 [考点初探]　单句填空 ①The party is a chance for friends and family to congratulate the person on the new home. ②(2023·新课标 Ⅰ 卷)Congratulations(congratulate)！You are a good writer，so keep writing. ③I send congratulations to you on having chosen a good woman to be your wife. [考点进阶]　一句多译 ④祝贺你在汉语演讲比赛中获得一等奖。 →I would like to offer/send/express_my_congratulations_to_you_on your receiving the first prize of Chinese Speech Contest.(congratulation) →I would like to congratulate_to_you_on your receiving the first prize of Chinese Speech Contest.(congratulate) 后缀­ation高频名词集锦 ①inspiration 鼓舞；灵感 ②consideration 考虑 ③celebration 庆祝；庆典 ④appreciation 欣赏；感激 ⑤expectation 期望 　assume vt.假定，认为；承担(责任)，就(职)；呈现，显露 [归纳拓展] ①assume sb./sth. to be ... 假定/假设某人/某事为…… assume (that) ... 认为/假定…… It is assumed that ... 人们认为…… ②assumption n．假定；假设 make an assumption 认为；假定 on the assumption that ... 假定…… ③assuming (that) ... 假设/假定……(引导条件状语从句) [考点初探]　单句填空 ①We assume that a large brain makes huge advantages. ②A thoughtful official passed on some of the copies to the park authorities on the assumption that they might make a nice blow­up for one of the visitors' centers. ③Assuming(assume) that the advice is accepted, when are we going to get the money? [考点进阶]　完成句子 ④许多学生赞成穿传统的中国衣服，他们认为它们能反映中国文化。 Many students are in favour of wearing the traditional Chinese clothes, assuming_they_can _reflect_Chinese_culture． 有些看上去是现在分词或过去分词的词，实际上可直接用作介词或连词。这一类单词有： ①assuming conj.假设 ②supposing conj.假设，假如 ③provided/providing conj.假设，如果 ④given prep.鉴于，考虑到 ⑤considering prep. & conj.鉴于，考虑到 ⑥concerning prep.关于 　range n．(变动或浮动的)范围，界限，区间；一系列 v．排列；使……站在某一方；延伸；漫游；射程达到(某距离) [归纳拓展] ①a range of 一系列 ②out of/beyond range (of sth.) 超出(某事/某物的)范围 ③in/within range (of ...) 在(……可及的)范围内 ④range from ...to ... 范围从……到…… ⑤range between ...and ... 在……和……之间变化 ⑥ranger n．护林人；园林管理员；突击队员 [考点初探]　单句填空 ①The exchange project between the USA and China may affect various schools ranging(range) from kindergarten to high school. ②In any given office, employees can range from age 22 to 70 and beyond, and finding common ground in communication style can be a challenge. ③(2023·新课标Ⅱ卷)Yellowstone National Park offers a variety of ranger(range) programs throughout the park，and throughout the year. [考点进阶]　句式升级 ④I have many hobbies and they range from playing chess to swimming. →I have many hobbies which/that_range_from_playing_chess to swimming. (定语从句) →I have many hobbies ranging_from_playing_chess to swimming. (分词作定语) 　average n．平均水平，一般水准 adj.平均的；典型的 [归纳拓展] ①an average of 平均有(后跟数词) above/below average 在平均水平以上/以下 on average 平均来看 ②average v．平均为；计算出……的平均数 average out 算出平均数 ③of average height 中等个头 [考点初探]　单句填空 ①On the other hand, they burned slightly more calories(卡路里), on average, during the workout after breakfast than after fasting. ②(2022·浙江1月卷)For the study, 191 women with an average age of 50 took a bicycle exercise test until they were tired out to measure their peak(最大值的) cardiovascular capacity. ③(2023·新课标Ⅰ卷) ...in some cases，the average of a large number of independent estimates could be quite accurate. [考点进阶]　完成句子 ④在老师的帮助下，玛丽的物理现在已达到平均水平。 With the help of the teacher, Mary's physics is_now_up_to_the_average． 　lack n．缺乏，匮乏，短缺 vt.& vi.没有，缺乏，不足，短缺 [归纳拓展] ①a lack of ... ……的缺乏 for lack of ... 因缺乏…… ②lack confidence in oneself某人缺乏自信 ③lacking adj.短缺的；缺乏的 be lacking in 缺乏；缺少 [考点初探]　单句填空 ① I'm not worried about her lack of experience—we can easily train her. ②Later, he worked in Africa, where many people suffered from blindness for lack of proper treatment. ③(2023·全国乙卷)Living in Iowa and trying to become a photographer specializing in landscape(风景) can be quite a challenge，mainly because the corn state lacks(lack) geographical variation. [考点进阶]　一句多译 ④尽管汤姆缺乏信心，但他尽了一切努力，最终梦想成真。 →Though Tom lacked_confidence，he made every effort and his dream came true at last.(lack v．) →In spite of (a)_lack_of_confidence，Tom made every effort and his dream came true at last.(lack n．) lack作名词时常与介词of连用；作动词时可作及物动词直接加宾语（不能用于被动语态和进行时），也可作不及物动词，后常与介词for连用。形容词lacking常与in连用。 　replace vt.用……替换；代替，取代；更换，更新 [归纳拓展] ①replace sb. as ...取代某人而成为…… replace sb./sth. with/by ... 用……替换某人/物，以……接替某人/物 ②in place 在适当的位置 out of place 在不适当的位置 in one's place＝in place of sb.代替某人 take the place of 代替；替代 [考点初探]　单句填空 ①Nervousness and fear were replaced with joy. It just started licking Ehlers' face. ②Most scientists agree that computers can't completely take the place of humans. [考点进阶]　一句多译 ③找一个人来代替现在的经理是不容易的。 →It would be difficult to find a man in_place_of the present manager. →It would be difficult to find a man to_replace the present manager. →It would be difficult to find a man to_take_the_place_of the present manager. 　admit vt.& vi.承认；招认；准许进入；准许加入 [归纳拓展] ①admit doing sth./having done sth.承认做了某事 admit sth./that ... 承认/认可…… admit sb.into ...允许某人进入…… be admitted to/into被(某校)录取；允许进入 ②admission n．[C]承认，供认；[U，C]准许加入；[U]入场费 [考点初探]　单句填空 ①Later he was admitted into Beijing University because of his excellent performance. ②(2022·全国乙卷)Admission(admit)：￡4. Children under 12 years accompanied by an adult are_admitted(admit) free. [考点进阶]　句式升级 ③Finally, he had no choice but to admit that he had lied to his mother. →Finally, he had no choice but to admit having_lied_to_his_mother/lying_to_his_mother．(非谓语动词) 　inspire vt.激励，鼓舞；启发思考；使产生(感觉或情感) [归纳拓展] ①inspire sb. to do sth. 激励某人做某事 be inspired by ... 受到……的启发；由……得到灵感 ②inspiring adj.振奋人心的，令人鼓舞的 ③inspired adj.获得灵感的，受到启示的 ④inspiration n．灵感；鼓舞人心的人(或事物) [考点初探]　单句填空 ①His dream inspires him to_try(try) his best to do what needs doing. ②The song we heard last night was most inspiring(inspire). ③The artist drew inspiration(inspire) from natural scenery. [考点进阶]　完成句子 ④(2023·新课标Ⅱ卷)提高你的摄影技术——加入黄石公园摄影师的动手计划，激发新的和创造性的方式来享受黄石的美丽和奇迹。 Enhance your photography skills—join Yellowstone's park photographer for a hands­on program to_inspire_new_and_creative_ways of enjoying the beauty and wonder of Yellowstone. ⑤她受到激励，比以往任何时候都更加努力工作了。 She was_inspired_to_work_harder than ever before. 　breathe vi.& vt.呼吸；呼出 [归纳拓展] breath n．呼吸的空气 hold one's breath 屏住呼吸 catch one's breath 喘息；恢复正常呼吸 lose one's breath 喘不过气来 take a deep breath 深呼吸 out of breath 上气不接下气 [考点初探]　完成句子 ①I was late for the meeting so I started running, and when I got there I was totally out_of_breath(上气不接下气). ②The race was so close that everyone was holding_their_breath(屏住呼吸) at the finish. ③(2022·全国甲卷)When we paused to_catch_our_breath(歇一口气), Steve got down on one knee. [考点进阶]　一句多译 ④如果你很害怕的话，深呼吸，然后试着放轻松。 →If you get scared, breathe_deeply and try to relax. →If you get scared, take_a_deep_breath and try to relax. 　make up for 弥补，补偿　 [归纳拓展] ①make up 组成；编造；化妆；补上；凑数；和好；占…… ②make out 看清；分清；辨认清楚 [考点初探]　赏句猜义 ①North Africans make up the largest and poorest immigrant group in the country. 组成；构成 ②I think it's very unkind of you to make up stories about him. 编造 ③She spent too much time making herself up. 化妆 ④Can I leave early this afternoon and make up the time tomorrow? 补上 ⑤Have you made up with Patty yet? 和好 [考点进阶]　完成句子 ⑥她决定比以前更加倍努力工作，把失去的时间补回来。 She determined to work twice as hard as before to_make_up_for the lost time. 句型精析 　疑问词＋不定式 [归纳拓展] “疑问词＋不定式”结构可在句中作主语、宾语、表语、宾语补足语等句子成分。 ①在“疑问词＋不定式”结构中，不定式用主动式而不能用被动式。 ②why或why not后加不定式时，省略不定式符号to。 ③whether后可接不定式，而if后不可以。 [考点初探]　单句填空 ①When and where to_hold(hold) the meeting remains to be discussed further. ②No one could tell me where to_buy(buy) the interesting book. [考点进阶]　句式升级 ③I don't know how I can polish the play. →I don't know how_to_polish_the_play．(疑问词＋不定式) 　时间状语从句的省略 [归纳拓展] ①当状语从句的主语与主句主语一致或状语从句的主语为it，且状语从句谓语中含be动词时，可省略从句中的主语和be动词。 ②熟记下列短语：if any如果有的话；if so如果是这样的话；if ever如果曾经有的话；if not如果不这样的话；if necessary如果有必要的话；if possible如果可能的话。 [考点初探]　单句填空 ①When knowing(know) you need a volunteer working for the art museum, I feel very excited. [考点进阶]　完成句子 ②参加这次越野赛跑的时候，我意识到了锻炼的重要性。 When_taking_part_in the cross­country running race, I realized the importance of exercising. 省略句中非谓语动词的选用要根据动词和主语的关系：主动关系→现在分词；被动关系→过去分词。 [对应学生用书P58] 一、单词拼写 1．Her style of painting has been imitated(模仿) by other artists. 2．The equipment(设备) of the photographic studio was expensive. 3．Two players are out of the team because of injury(受伤). 4．She wiped the sweat(汗水) from her face. 5．(2022·浙江1月卷)The results were far from satisfactory(令人满意的). 6．On his retirement the post will cease to exist(存在). 7．Tree roots(根) can cause damage to buildings. 8．Many old people go jogging(慢跑) in the park in the early morning. 9．The weather was mild and rainy by turns throughout(自始至终) the week. 10．They decided to update(更新) the computer systems. 二、单句填空 1．You've passed your driving test? Congratulations(congratulate)! 2．We are working on the assumption(assume) that everyone invited will turn up. 3．He knew I was energetic(energy) and dynamic and would get things done. 4．In the crash he sustained severe injuries(injure) to the head and arms. 5．You know what they say, prevention(prevent) is better than cure. 6．This equipment(equip) has saved the lives of a number of newborn babies. 7．The book is completely lacking(lack) in originality. 8．The house is large and difficult to_maintain(maintain). 9．Walking is extremely beneficial(benefit) to your body shape. 10．We are looking at our business to see where savings and efficiencies(efficient) can be made. 三、短语填空 1．It was some time before the door opened in_response_to(对……作出反应) his ring. 2．She went over what she had written and put_the_finishing_touches_to(对……进行最后的润色或修饰) the essay. 3．His strong personality makes_up_for(弥补) his ugly appearance. 4．In that respect, at least, We have_something_in_common(有共同之处). 5．His problems are deeply rooted_in(起源于) his childhood experiences. 6．He had made a thorough investigation. No_wonder(不足为奇) he knew so much about it. 7．What's wrong with you? You look a little under_the_weather(不舒服). 8．Studies have shown that women tend_to(往往会) be more participatory in their management style. 9．It was obvious that the operation could not be sustained over_the_long_term(长期). 10．A good belly laugh can do_wonders(产生神奇作用) for a person's emotional state. 四、完成句子 1．这种产品是为了响应顾客的需要而开发的。 The product was developed in_response_to customer demand. 2．布莱恩不舒服，因此他早早就去睡觉了。 Brian felt under_the_weather so he went to bed early. 3．你能否告诉我该买哪一个才好？ Would you please tell me which_to_buy? 4．她沿着河堤边走边唱着流行歌曲。 While (she_was)_walking_along_the_river_bank，she was singing a pop song. 五、教材语法填空 Regular exercise 1.does(do) a lot of benefits to your health. It can not only raise the 2.efficiency(efficient) of your heart and lungs, 3.but also improve your immune systems, making you 4.at lower risk of diseases. What's more, it's good for your mental health too. However, all types of exercise play a part in a 5.healthy(health) routine. You'd better choose 6.activities(activity) you enjoy to stick with them. Petrol is to cars 7.what energy from carbohydrates is to your muscles. Therefore, remember to eat foods rich in protein and drink enough water to make up for water 8.lost(lose) to sweat. But 9.the time and amount to eat or drink is important. In order to prevent injury, make sure that you wear proper clothes and equipment when 10.exercising(exercise). 六、话题写作 结合本单元主题，使用本单元词汇与句型写一篇语言流畅、用词准确、逻辑严密的短文。 1．不用说，没有健康的人是尝不到快乐的。(that; without) 2．良好的健康(状况)使我们能够享受生活，在职业生涯中实现我们所期望的。(achieve) 3．首先，我们应该养成好习惯。我们应该避免吃含大量糖和脂肪的食物。(develop good habits) 4．此外，我们必须改掉那些例如喝酒和吸烟的不良习惯。这些习惯会损害我们的健康。(moreover; get rid of) 5．最后但同样重要的是，我们最好每天锻炼以使我们的身体强壮。(last but not least) [参考范文] It goes without saying that no pleasure can be tasted by a man without health. Good health enables us to enjoy our life and achieve what we expect in our career. To start with, we should develop good habits. We should avoid food with lots of sugar and fat. Moreover, we have to get rid of those bad habits such as drinking and smoking. These habits damage our health. Last but not least, we'd better exercise every day to make our body strong. [对应学生用书P60] 一、现在分词(短语)作状语 [金题速练] (1)The participants followed suit, taking(take) more food than they normally would have. (2)The last thing I saw was Don's face, looking(look) calmly back at me. (3)Seeing(see) from the top of the mountain, you will find the city beautiful. (4)Being(be) too weak, he can't walk any further. (5) Having_watered(water) the flowers, he began to cut the grass. (6) I had a long talk with my sister about her work, while waiting (wait) for the train. (7)She went to Beijing, hoping(hope) to find a better job. (8)Hearing(hear) Mother's words, I gradually accepted the narrator part and calmed down. [名师点津] 现在分词(短语)作状语的用法总结 现在分词(短语)作状语时，其逻辑主语常与句子主语一致。当现在分词所表示的动作与谓语动作同时发生时，用现在分词的一般式(doing)；当现在分词表示的动作发生在谓语动作之前时，则用现在分词的完成式(having done/having been done)。现在分词(短语)常在句子中作时间、条件、原因、结果、让步、伴随等状语。 [温馨提示] 过去分词(短语)也可用作状语，其逻辑主语也是句子的主语，但是和其逻辑主语之间是被动关系，请同学们注意区分，以便在书面表达中正确使用。 Inspired by his example, hundreds of others volunteered to join us. 在他的带动下，成百上千的人都志愿加入了我们。 Encouraged by Mr Fu, I worked harder. 在傅老师的鼓励下，我学习更努力了。 [图说词义] The glass doors have taken the place of the wooden ones at the entrance, letting in the natural light.在入口处玻璃门已经取代了木门，可以让自然光线进来。 二、to be＋adj.＝adv.作状语 [金题速练] (1)To_be_honest(honestly), voters sometimes feel annoyed, not because they hate voting, but because they are divided between emotion and fairness. (2)Honestly, I don't know how she did it. →To_be_honest,_I don't know how she did it. (3)To_be_exact(exactly), it's hard to tell how many people agree with him. (4)Honestly speaking, not all of us are aware of it. →To_be_honest,_not all of us are aware of it. (5)Briefly speaking, I think we should accept their invitation. →To_be_brief,_I think we should accept their invitation. (6)坦白地说，成为科学家不是一件容易的事情。 To_be_frank,_it's not easy to be a scientist. (7)的确，那是一座精美的小别墅。 To_be_sure,_it was a beautiful little cottage. [名师点津] 我们经常会使用副词作状语，现在我们可以把它们替换成“to be＋adj.”的结构，让句子结构更丰富。 [类似表达] (1)to be honest＝honestly (2)to be frank＝frankly (3)to be fair＝fairly (4)to be exact＝exactly (5)to be sincere＝sincerely (6)to be truthful＝truthfully (7)to be straightforward＝straightforwardly (8)to be precise＝precisely (9)to be brief＝briefly (10)to be sure＝surely [图说词义] To be honest, we admired the way (in which/that) he solved the problem.老实讲，我们很钦佩他解决问题的方式。 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$