第2部分 专题6 第3讲 状语从句（Word教参）-【优化指导】2025年高考英语一轮复习高中总复习·第1轮（人教版）

第3讲　状语从句 Ⅰ 　状语从句的基本概念及分类 在复合句中作状语的句子为状语从句，修饰主句中的动词、形容词或副词等。状语从句放在主句之前时，常用逗号隔开；放在主句之后时，一般不用逗号。状语从句按其意义和作用可分为时间、地点、原因、目的、结果、条件、方式、比较、让步等。 Ⅱ 　引导状语从句的连词(短语) 从句 连词(短语) 时间状语从句 when、while、as、whenever、till、until、before、after、by the time、the first time、as soon as、the moment、each time、since、no sooner ...than ...、immediately等 地点状语从句 where、wherever、everywhere 等 条件状语从句 if、unless、providing、as long as、on condition that、 in case、 if only等 让步状语从句 though、although、even if/though、as、while、whatever、however、 “no matter＋疑问词”等 原因状语从句 because、since、as、now that、seeing that、considering that、 in that、 given that、 for等 目的状语从句 that、so that (为了)、lest、in case、for fear that、in order that等 结果状语从句 so that (因此)、so ...that ...、such ...that ...等 比较状语从句 as ...as ...、than等 方式状语从句 as if/though、(just) as等 一、时间状语从句 (1)while在句中的不同含义 ①While I was watching TV，the bell rang. (当……时) ②While I really don't like art, I find his work impressive. (尽管) ③While there is life，there is hope. (只要) ④He likes pop music, while I am fond of folk music. (然而) (2)when常用在be doing ...when ...、be on the point of doing ...when ...、be about to do ...when ...和had just done ...when ...中。 ①Two of my friends were walking through the forest when they met a bear. 我的两个朋友穿过森林时，突然遇到了一只熊。 ②I was about to go swimming when our guide stopped me. 我刚要去游泳，突然我们的导游阻止了我。 二、条件状语从句 连词(短语) 例句 ·if如果 ·unless＝if not如果不 ①If we water，we no water to drink one day. 如果我们不节约用水，总有一天我们将没有水喝。 ②I will go there tomorrow unless it rains． 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 除非下雨，否则明天我就去那儿。 ·so/as long as只要 ·on condition that只要 ·in case万一，如果 ①You may borrow this book as long as you keep it clean. 只要不弄脏，你可以借这本书。 ②I am shy of buying shares，in case I lost money. 我不敢买股票，怕赔钱。 三、原因状语从句 连词(短语) 例句 because表示的语气最强，常用来回答why提出的问题，可放在主句之前或之后，也可以被强调 I'm trying to lose weight because obesity does harm to my health直接原因． 我正在努力减肥，因为过度肥胖有害健康。 ·since/now that“既然”，表达双方都知道的原因 ·as“由于”，置于主句前或主句后均可 ①Since/Now that you don't trust him，you should not employ him. 既然你不信任他，你就不应该雇用他。 ②Now that/As you are not free，you needn't see me off. 既然你没有空，你不必来给我送行。 for“由于”，起解释说明的作用，用于主句后 He could not have seen me，for I was not there. 他不可能看到我，因为我没在那儿。 (1)when、seeing that、considering that表示“既然；考虑到”，也可引导原因状语从句。 ①I won't tell you when you don't want to listen. 既然你不想听，那我就不告诉你了。 ②She is refused, considering that she is getting in years. 考虑到她年事渐高，她被拒绝了。 (2)because、since、as、for表示原因的区别：because表示直接原因，非推断，语气最强，回答why提出的问题； since通常放在句首，意为“既然”； as不谈自身的原因，语气最弱； for放在句中，引导后半句表示原因，或补充推断的理由。 ①He didn't come to school because he was ill. 他没来学校，因为他病了。(表示直接原因) ②He might be ill, for he didn't come to school. 他可能病了，因为他没来学校。(表示间接或推断的原因，不可出现在句首) ③I cannot hear the professor clearly as there is too much noise where I am sitting. 我坐的地方太吵了，因此听不清楚教授说的话。 四、地点状语从句 连词 例句 where“在……地方” Where there is a will，there is a way. (抽象含义) 有志者，事竟成。 wherever“无论哪里” Wherever he goes，he always goes to visit the local places of historical interest. 每到一个地方，他都要去参观当地的名胜古迹。 五、目的状语从句 连词短语 例句 in order that/so that“以便于……，为了……”，从句中常含有情态动词can/could/may I studied hard in order that/so that I could pass the exam. 为了能通过考试，我努力学习。 ·in case以防 ·for fear (that) 唯恐 The boy hid himself behind the tree for fear that his father might see him. 男孩躲在树后，怕他的父亲看见他。 六、结果状语从句 句型 例句 ·so＋形容词/副词＋that从句 ·so＋形容词＋a/an＋可数名词单数＋that从句 ·so＋many/much/few/little (少)＋名词＋that从句 ①There is so little time left that I don't think I can finish it as scheduled. 剩下这么少的时间，我想我无法按时完成它。 ②It is such a good film that I want to see it again. 这部电影太精彩了，我打算再看一遍。 ③She had not planned her time well，so that she did not finish her homework on time. 她没计划好时间，所以没按时完成作业。 ·such＋a/an＋形容词＋可数名词单数＋that从句 ·such＋形容词＋可数名词复数/不可数名词＋that从句 ·so that ... 七、让步状语从句 分类 连词(短语) 例句 表示“尽管，虽然”的让步状语从句 ·although、while引导的从句用正常语序 ·as引导的从句须用倒装语序：将从句中的表语(名词或形容词)、状语(副词)或谓语动词的一部分(实义动词)置于as前；若是单数可数名词前置，不可用冠词 ·though引导的从句可用正常语序也可用倒装语序 ①Child as he was，he helped me a lot. (名词提前) 尽管他还是个孩子，他却帮了我很大的忙。 ②Try as he might，he could not open the door. (动词提前) 不管他怎样努力，他还是不能打开那扇门。 ③Though he was exhausted，he still kept on working. 尽管他筋疲力尽，但他仍然继续工作。 表示“即使”的让步状语从句 even if/though Tim is in good shape physically even though/if he doesn't get much exercise. 尽管蒂姆不怎么锻炼，但他的健康状况很好。 表示“不论……还是……”的让步状语从句 whether ...or ... Whether he drives or flies，he will be on time. 不管他是开车来还是坐飞机来，他都将准时到达。 表示“无论/不管”的让步状语从句 ·“疑问词＋­ever”或“no matter＋疑问词”意为“无论……” ·however＋形容词/副词原级＝no matter how＋形容词/副词原级，表示“无论如何” ①No matter how/However different we may appear to be at first，we are all the same，all equal. 无论起初我们看上去有多么不同，我们的本质都一样，每个人都是平等的。 ②No matter when/Whenever you have trouble，you can turn to me for help. 无论你什么时候遇到困难，你都可以向我求助。 Ⅲ 　状语从句的省略 用法 例句 ·适用从句：时间、地点、让步、条件、方式等状语从句 ·省略条件：从句主语与主句主语一致或从句主语为it，且从句谓语含有be的某种形式 ·省略成分：从句主语及be ·省略后从句的形式：连词/连词短语(as、as if、once)＋名词，连词(though、whether、when)＋形容词，连词/连词短语(whether、as if、while)＋介词短语，连词(when、while、though)＋doing，连词/连词短语(when、if、even if、unless、once、until、than、as)＋done，连词/连词短语(as if、as though)＋to do ①Work hard when (you are) young，or you'll regret. 少壮不努力，老大徒伤悲。 ②While (I was) walking along the street，I heard my name called. 走在大街上时，我听见有人叫我的名字。 ③He looked around as if (he was) in search of something. 他四处张望，好像在找什么东西。 ④You shouldn't come to his party unless (you are) invited. 你不应该参加他的聚会，除非被邀请。 ⑤Whenever (it is) possible，he will come to my help. 只要有可能，他就来帮助我。 “三招定向”解决语法填空中的状语从句 连接词问题 1．牢记连词词义并能熟练运用是解答题目的先决条件； 2．牢记固定句式结构，确定从属连词； 3．根据主从句的逻辑关系确定状语从句的连接词。如果主从句是因果关系，则要考虑用because、as、since等；如果主从句有时间先后之分，则要考虑用时间状语从句的连接词；如果从句为主句的条件，则要考虑用if；如果从句表示让步，则要考虑用although、though、while等。 对点训练 ①It won't be long before he finishes his writing. ②The football match will be put off if it rains (rain). ③Not until all the fish died in the river did (do) the villagers realize how serious the pollution was. ④He will go with you as soon as he finishes (finish) his homework. ⑤You'd better take your umbrella with you in case/for fear (that) it rains. ⑥He is such a clever boy that we all like him. ⑦He is such a clever boy as we all like. 1. (2023·全国乙卷)What comes into your mind when you think of British food? 2. (2023·新课标Ⅱ卷)If you're lucky, there might be a pocket park near where you live, but it's unusual to find places in a city that are relatively wild. 3. (2023·新课标Ⅰ卷)Although the two young women were strangers before the meet, they've since become friends. 4. (2023·新课标Ⅱ卷)Some students get so interested in gardening that they bring home seeds to start their own vegetable gardens. 5. (2023·新课标Ⅰ卷)Whatever it is, no matter how small it might seem, write it down. 6. (2023·新课标Ⅰ卷)Melanie Bailey should have finished the course earlier than she did. 7. (2023·全国乙卷)Indoor plants might look as if/though they just sit around not doing much, but in many ways they are the unsung heroes of the home. 8. (2022·全国甲卷)In Portugal, this would be a serious mistake, because it shows the chef that you don't like their seasoning skills. 9. (2021·全国乙卷)I also water the flowers in the yard and tidy up my own bedroom whenever necessary. 10. (2021·天津卷)It was not until I followed this feeling to its source that I discovered I had a passion for writing. My classmate Michael studied very hard 1.after he went to senior school. Every day he worked 2.until everyone else in my class left the classroom. He said he wouldn't stop trying 3.unless he got satisfying scores in his studies. Hard 4.as/though he tried，he made little progress. But he didn't lose heart at all 5.because/as he believed as long as he persisted he would succeed one day.6.As time went by，he made improvements in his studies and he was admitted to a university in Beijing at last. We had a get­together party 7.before we started our new life in university. Everyone had got offers from universities，8.so we had a very good time. When we stood 9.where we used to play and study，we couldn't help thinking of our happy old days. We believed we would never forget each other，10.wherever we would go or whatever we would do. 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$