第2部分 专题2 非谓语动词（Word教参）-【优化指导】2025年高考英语一轮复习高中总复习·第1轮（外研版）

专题二　非谓语动词 [对应学生用书P267] 一 概述 (一)非谓语动词的概念及分类 (二)非谓语动词的形式及句法功能 种类 形式 主动 被动 主语 宾语 宾补 表语 定语 状语 不定式 一般式 to do to be done √ √ √ √ √ √ 进行式 to be doing — 完成式 to have done to have been done 动名词 一般式 doing being done √ √ 少数情况 √ √ — 完成式 having done having been done 分词 现在 一般式 doing being done — — √ √ √ √ 完成式 having done having been done 过去 一般式 done(vi.)表示完成 done(vt.)表示被动与完成 — — √ √ √ √ 在少数情况下，动名词可以作宾语补足语。宾语指所做的事，宾语补足语(动名词)用以说明这件事。例如： Can we call this serving mankind? 我们能把这叫作为人类服务吗？ 二 考点分类 考点一　非谓语动词作主语 考点二　非谓语动词作宾语 考点三　非谓语动词作表语 get，become，look，seem，appear等系动词后可跟过去分词作表语，表示被动或主语的状态。 This quotation from Winston Churchill tells us that we shouldn't get discouraged right after failure. 温斯顿·丘吉尔的这句话告诉我们，失败之后不应该气馁。 考点四　非谓语动词作定语 考点五　非谓语动词作状语 考点六　非谓语动词作宾语补足语 感官动词see，watch，look at，notice，hear，listen to，feel后加do表示动作的完整性；加doing表示动作正在进行。(注意：被动语态中不能省去to) 考点七　含有非谓语动词的重要句式 [对应学生用书P269] 1.有关非谓语动词解题的七条经典原则 原则一：作目的状语，原则上要用动词不定式。 原则二：作伴随状语，原则上要用现在分词。 原则三：作结果状语时，可用动词­ing 或动词不定式。 原则四：凡是表示被动意义时，原则上要用过去分词。 原则五：非谓语动词作状语时，其逻辑主语原则上应与主句主语保持一致。 原则六：强调动作发生在主句谓语动作之前时，原则上要用完成式。 原则七：用于名词后作定语时，动词不定式表示动作尚未发生；动词­ing表示动作正在进行，或表示主动意义；过去分词表示动作已经完成，或表示被动意义。 对点训练 ①When asked why he went there，he said he was sent there to be trained(train) for a space flight. ②To make(make) this cake，you'll need 5 eggs，70 g sugar and 100 g flour. ③As the light turned green，I stood for a moment，not moving(move)，and asked myself what I was going to do. ④The glass doors have taken the place of the wooden ones at the entrance，letting(let) in the natural light during the day. ⑤He hurried to the cinema，only to find(find) that she had left. ⑥The children talked so loudly at the dinner table that I had to struggle to be heard(hear). ⑦While watching(watch) television，we heard the doorbell ring. ⑧The manager，having made(make) it clear to us that he didn't agree with us，left the meeting room. ⑨There will be more than three hundred scientists attending the meeting to be held(hold) the day after tomorrow. ⑩There are hundreds of visitors waiting(wait) in front of the Art Gallery to have a look at Van Gogh's paintings. 2.非谓语动词解题的四大步骤 (1)分析句子结构，辨别“谓语与非谓语”。 (2)分析逻辑主语。非谓语动词虽不能作谓语，但仍具有动词特点，其逻辑上的动作执行者就叫作逻辑主语。非谓语动词作状语时，其逻辑主语须和句子真正的主语一致；若不一致，则须加上自己的逻辑主语。一般来说，非谓语动词作定语时，逻辑主语为其所修饰的名词；作宾语补足语时，逻辑主语为宾语补足语之前的宾语；作表语、宾语时，其逻辑主语通常为主句的主语。 (3)分析语态。分析语态就是在确定逻辑主语之后，分析非谓语动词和逻辑主语在搭配使用时是主动还是被动关系。 (4)分析时态。 对点训练 ①He had been told(tell) many times，but he still couldn't understand it. →Having been told(tell) many times，he still couldn't understand it. ②Seen(see) from space，the earth looks blue. →Seeing(see) from space，we can find the earth is blue. ③Taking(take) everything into consideration，they ought to have another chance. →Everything taken(take) into consideration，they ought to have another chance. ④The building being built(build) now will be a restaurant. →The building to be built(build) next year will be a restaurant. →The building built(build) last year is a restaurant. 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$