第1部分 选择性必修第四册 UNIT 4 Everyday economics（Word教参）-【优化指导】2025年高考英语一轮复习高中总复习·第1轮（外研版）

[对应学生用书P240] (2023·福建宁德高三质检)假定你是某国际学校学生会主席李华，学校为增强学生的劳动意识将举办一场烹饪比赛。请你用英文写一则通知，内容包括： 1.时间及地点； 2.比赛方式； 3.注意事项。 注意： 1.写作词数应为 80 左右； 2.请按如下格式在相应位置作答。 NOTICE 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 [满分作文] NOTICE To raise the students' labor awareness，a cooking contest will be held in our school. As scheduled，the contest will take place next Friday afternoon in the school canteen.Every contestant will have 2 hours to prepare and present their dishes.The judges will select the top 10 dishes based on taste，appearance and creativity.To sign up，please send an email to cookingcontest @163.com with your name and contact information before this weekend. All the students are welcomed to participate！ Ⅰ.核心单词 1.forehead n.额，前额 2.blank adj.无表情的，木然的 3.dizzy adj.头晕目眩的 4.potential n.(事物的)潜力，可能性 5.phase n.阶段，时期 6.purchase v.购买 7.mild adj.不浓烈的，淡的 8.hire v.(短期的)租用，租借 9.abuse n.滥用 10.theft n.偷窃，偷盗 Ⅱ.拓展词汇 1.distribute vt.使分布，分散；分发，分配；分销→distribution n.(商品的)分销，经销→ distributor n.经销商；分销商 2.guide n.指南；向导，导游vt.指引，指导→guidance n.指导，引导 3.consult v.查阅；商量；请教→consultant n.顾问 4.convention n.大会；惯例；习俗；协定→conventional adj.传统的，常规的 5.discriminate v.不公正地区别对待，歧视→discrimination n.歧视；区别对待；辨别；识别力 6.enterprise n.企业；事业；进取心；事业心→enterprising adj.有创业精神的；有事业心的；有进取心的 7.finance n.财政；资金；金融→financial adj.财政的，金融的；财务的 8.frustrate v.挫败；阻止；使沮丧→frustration n.懊丧，懊恼，沮丧 Ⅲ.阅读词汇 默想下面单词的含义，不会的在□中做出标记并核对识记。 □bonus n.奖金；红利　　 □equator n.赤道 □estate n.庄园 □calorie n.卡(路里) □exceed v.超过，超出 □accumulate v.积累，积聚 □chairwoman n.女主席；女会长 □sunrise n.日出(时分)；黎明；拂晓 □bug n.突然的兴趣，迷恋 □enterprising adj.有创业精神的；有事业心的；有进取心的 □obstacle n.障碍，阻碍，妨碍 □manufacturer n.制造商；制造公司，制造厂 □cosmetics n.化妆品，美容品 □entrepreneurial adj.创业的，具有创业精神的 □freshman n.(高中或大学的)一年级学生 □afloat adj.经济上周转得开的；不欠债的 □interfere v.介入；干涉 □rational adj.(想法、决定等)合理的，基于理性的 □automatically adv.自动地 □toddler n.学步的儿童，刚学走路的小孩 □purse n.(女士)钱包 1.关于；至于 as to 2.与……完全不同 a world away from ... 3.鳞次栉比的 row upon row 4.对……着迷，热衷于…… be bitten by the ...bug 5.开始从事，着手 start out 6.使收支仅能相抵 make ends meet 7.妨碍；干扰 interfere with 8.陷入债务之中，负债 go into debt 9.对……的回应 response to ... 10.出租(房屋、房间、土地等) rent out 11.以最低的价格 at rock­bottom prices 12.进一步有利于 do a further favour for 13.以损害……为代价 at the expense of ... 14.受……支配；受……影响 be subject to ... 1.句型：advise＋宾语从句 教材原句：Though she welcomes the new entrepreneurial spirit，she advises that people be realistic and seek guidance from expert consultants before rushing into things. 尽管她希望看到新的创业精神，但也建议人们要现实一些，在仓促行事之前先寻求专业顾问的指导。 2.句型：whether ...or ...无论是……还是……；不论是否…… 教材原句：Whether it's an online shop where we can hire designer clothes at rock­bottom prices，or a platform from which we can rent out our flats for a couple of days，it's out there. 无论是我们能以最低价格租用名牌服装的网店，还是可以把自己的公寓短租几天的平台，都已出现。 3.句型：As is often the case ... 这是常有的事，情况往往如此 教材原句：As is often the case all over the world with new areas of economic activity，the sharing economy is developing faster than existing regulations or ongoing supervision. 正如世界各地新的经济活动领域经常出现的情况一样，共享经济的发展速度比现行法规或持续监管的速度更快。 Ⅰ.词形转换 1.They are the students with enterprise.The enterprising students are designing software. (enterprise) 2.The organization distributes our products and the distribution costs rise to one­fifth of sales. (distribute) 3.The guide gave me some guidance about where to spend holiday.(guide) 4.If you have difficulty completing the project on time，you can consult an experienced leader or consultant about how to do it.(consult) 5.Employers cannot discriminate on grounds of age.However，there is widespread discrimination against older people in the job market.(discriminate) Ⅱ.短语填空 Mrs Brown lived in the downtown area where there were 1.row upon row(鳞次栉比的)of newly­built buildings.She was old and everything was expensive，so it was hard for her to 2.make ends meet(使收支仅能相抵)and sometimes she would 3.go into debt(负债).What's worse，it was so noisy and the air was so dirty that she didn't want to live there 4.at the expense of(以……为代价)her health.She decided to 5.rent out(出租)her department.A relative of her 6.did her a favour(帮助她) and found her a cottage 7.at a rock­bottom price(以最低价格) in the countryside.Living in 8.a world away from(与……完全不同) the noisy city，she felt at ease. Ⅲ.句式仿写 1.老师建议我们好好利用我们在这里的每一分钟。(advise) The teacher advised that we (should) make good use of every minute when we were here. 2.不管他赢还是输，你都应该赞扬他的付出。(whether ...or ...) You should praise his effort whether he wins or loses. 3.通常是这样的，有梦想的人会努力克服任何困难去实现自己的梦想。(as 引导非限制性定语从句) As is often the case，a man who can dream will try hard to overcome any difficulties to realize his dream. [对应学生用书P240] 1 potential n.(事物的)潜力，可能性 adj.潜在的，可能的 单句语法填空 ①History has the potential to break(break) down those boundaries by offering us insight into entire worlds that would otherwise be foreign to us. ②People who do not smoke have less potential for suffering from lung cancer than those who smoke. ③A climate change researcher said the successful experiment could potentially(potential) benefit many countries. 完成句子 ④对你来说，每一天都有可能成为美好的一天，有时甚至是完美的一天。 Every day has the potential to be a good and，in some cases，even a perfect day for you. ⑤作为一名优秀的老师，她使用不同的方法来鼓励她的学生发挥他们的全部潜力。 As a good teacher，she uses different ways to encourage her students to realise/achieve their full potential. ①the potential for (doing) sth. (做)某事的可能性/潜在性 the potential to do sth. 做某事的潜力 realise/achieve one's (full) potential 发挥某人的(全部)潜力 ②a potential disaster 可能发生的灾害 potential resources/customers 潜在的资源/顾客 The European marketplace offers excellent potential for increasing sales. 欧洲市场带来了扩销的大好机遇。 2 sorrow n.[C]令人悲伤的事，不幸；[U]悲伤；悲痛 单句语法填空 ①The whole nation was in deep sorrow at the death of this great man. ②My father was my rock，someone I could depend on when I was in trouble.But he passed away，and I felt sorrowful(sorrow) and hopeless. 完成句子 ③使我很难过的是，我不能去参加聚会，因为我还有别的事要做。 Much to my sorrow，I can't go to the party because I have something else to do. ④真正的朋友是那些能与你同甘共苦的人。 Real friends are those who can share your joys and sorrows. ①(much) to one's sorrow令某人(十分)伤心的是 in sorrow 悲伤地，处于悲伤之中 joys and sorrows of life 人生的悲欢 ②sorrowful adj.悲伤的；悲痛的 They said that the decision was made more in sorrow than in anger. 他们说作出这个决定，与其说是出于愤怒，不如说是出于悲伤。 3 expense n.[U]费用，花费；[C]开销；[pl.]开支，花费 单句语法填空 ①One thousand dollars a month is not a fortune but would help cover my living expenses (expense). ②If the computer should break down within the first year，we would repair it at our expense. 完成句子 ③以损害健康为代价积累财富是不明智的。 It is unwise to accumulate a fortune at the expense of health. ④大多数父母在教育孩子方面不惜代价。 The majority of parents will spare no expense in educating their children. at the expense of以损害……为代价 at sb.'s expense 由某人付钱；由某人承担费用 at huge/great expense 花一大笔费用 spare no expense 不惜代价 medical expenses医疗费用 cover one's daily expenses 支付日常开支 cut down one's expenses削减开支 4 start out 开始(生活、职业、重要阶段)；出发，启程 用start的相关短语完成下列句子 ①Many businesses started up by college students have taken off thanks to the comfortable climate for business creation. ②The show started with a piece of music familiar to people in their fifties. ③What started out as a part­time job soon became a full­time occupation. 佳句写作 ④首先，作为一个以汉语为母语的人，我的英语和汉语都很流利。 To start with，as a native Chinese speaker，I'm fluent in English as well as Chinese. start off 出发；启程；开始(＝start out) start up 创立；启动；发动 start with(＝begin with) 以……开始 to start with(＝to begin with) 首先，起初 We'll have to start out early to get there by lunchtime. 我们得早点出发，以便在午饭前赶到那里。 5 whether ...or ...无论是……还是……；不论是否…… Whether it's an online shop where we can hire designer clothes at rock­bottom prices，or a platform from which we can rent out our flats for a couple of days，it's out there. 无论是我们能以最低价格租用名牌服装的网店，还是可以把自己的公寓短租几天的平台，都已出现。 单句语法填空 ①(2021·天津3月卷)We all need to get involved in saving energy whether it's at work，at home，or at school. ②When I started running in my 30s，I realized running was a battle against myself，not about competition or whether or not I was athletic. 完成句子 ③不管成功与否，我们确实已经尽了最大努力。 Whether we are successful or not，we can be sure that we did our best. ④究竟此事对我们有害还是有利，还有待验证。 Whether it will do us harm or good remains to be seen. ①whether ...or ...表示“无论是……还是……，不论是否……”，可以引导让步状语从句，也可以引导名词性从句。 ②whether还可用于“whether ...or not”或“whether or not ...”结构。 You'll have to attend the ceremony whether you're free or busy. 不管你忙不忙，你都要参加这个典礼。 [对应学生用书P243] 维度1　单句语法填空 1.We had planned to start out at dawn，but the sudden rain ruined our plan. 2.We will spare no expense to protect(protect) our country from being invaded. 3.In order to keep healthy，I consulted with a physician and I began to eat small and healthy meals. 4.As we all know，the distribution(distribute) of anything among children must be fair. 5.Unluckily，my pet was killed in an accident.You can imagine how sorrowful(sorrow)I am now! 6.With the experience accumulated(accumulate) over the years，he ultimately got over the difficulties and attained his goal. 7.The technology has the potential to change(change)our transportation systems and our cities.　 8.This is the very best offer we can make for you，which is considered at rock­bottom prices indeed. 9.You are to meet with frustration(frustrate) in the pursuit of success，but through greater efforts your dream will definitely come true. 10.They find the cultures are certainly a world away from the ones they read about in their textbooks. 维度2　一词多义 写出下列句中blank的词性和词义 1.We yelled at the bear，hit pots hard，and fired blank shotgun shells into the air.adj.空白的 2.Please fill in the blanks with a black pen.n.空格；空白处 维度3　熟词生义 1.(2022·浙江1月卷)The benefits of regular exercise are well documented but there's a new bonus to old to the ever­growing list.额外的好处 2.The general rule is that mild zones have relatively few languages，often spoken by many people，while hot，wet zones have lots，often spoken by small numbers.温和的 维度4　完成句子/一句多译 1.专家建议，青少年每周锻炼5次，每次至少30分钟。(advise) Experts advise that teenagers (should) spend at least 30 minutes exercising，five times a week. 2.不管他的队是赢还是输，你都应该赞扬他的努力。(whether ...or ...) You should praise his effort whether his team wins or loses. 3.一些植物对温度十分敏感，以至于只能在凉爽的地方存活，这是自然界常有的事。(case) As is often the case in nature，some plants are so sensitive to temperature that they can only survive in cool places. 4.很难相信一个年轻人每周必须工作六十或七十个小时才能勉强维持生计。 It's hard to believe a young fellow should have to work sixty or seventy hours a week to make ends meet. 5.每次我们遇到困难，他都不遗余力地帮助我们。 →Every time we get into trouble，he'll come and spare no expense to help us. →Every time we get into trouble，he'll come and spare no effort to help us. →Every time we get into trouble，he'll come and make every effort to help us. 维度1　单元话题微写作 Step 1　要点提示(黑体部分请利用本单元所学词汇翻译) 1.移动支付阶段已经到来，这使人们的日常生活越来越方便。 The phase of mobile payment has come.This makes people's daily life more and more convenient. 2.我们大多数人习惯扫描二维码支付。通过移动支付，无论身在何处，我们都可以轻松支付。 Most of us are accustomed/used to paying by scanning QR codes.By mobile payment，we can pay easily wherever we are. 3.这是一个创业性的创举。 This is an entrepreneurial creation. 4.通过用智能手机扫描二维码，我们不仅可以在街上买早餐，还可以在地铁站购票。 We can buy breakfast on the street，and we can also purchase tickets in the subway station by scanning QR codes with our smartphones. 5.这样我们就可以跟钱包和银行卡告别了。 This allows us to say goodbye to the wallet and bank cards. 6.很可能个人信息会被泄露。 It is likely that personal information could be let out. 7.通过网上支付，我们倾向于购买比我们真正需要的更多的东西。 We tend to purchase more than what we really need by paying online. Step 2　升级句式 8.用非限制性定语从句改写句1 The phase of mobile payment has come，which makes people's daily life more and more convenient. 9.用“not only ...but also ...”句型改写句4 We can not only buy breakfast on the street，but also purchase tickets in the subway station by scanning QR codes with our smartphones. Step 3　衔接成文(注意使用适当的过渡衔接词汇：however，besides，all in all) [参考范文] The phase of mobile payment has come，which makes people's daily life more and more convenient.Most of us are accustomed to paying by scanning QR codes.By mobile payment，we can pay easily wherever we are.This is an entrepreneurial creation.We can not only buy breakfast on the street，but also purchase tickets in the subway station by scanning QR codes with our smartphones.This allows us to say goodbye to the wallet and bank cards.However，it is likely that personal information could be let out.Besides，we tend to purchase more than what we really need by paying online. All in all，mobile payment has greatly changed people's lives in China. 维度2　读后续写微技能 修辞之夸张 [概念阐释] 夸张是指为了启发听者或读者的想象力和加强所说的话的力量，用夸大的词句来形容事物。它可以加强语势，增加表达效果。 [词块必记] 1.half dead with fear吓得半死 2.laugh one's head off 狂笑 3.in a flood of tears泪如泉涌 4.one's voice be loud enough to wake the dead某人的声音特别大 [佳句背诵] 1.My heart broke into about a million pieces. 我的心成了碎片。 2.The backpack weighs a ton. 背包很重。 3.The young girl brought the house down with her performance. 这位年轻姑娘的表演博得了满堂喝彩。 4.It made me jump out of my skin. 它吓得我魂不附体。 5.It brought her heart into her mouth. 这让她的心悬到了嗓子眼。 6.It's beautiful，heavenly beautiful. 那儿很漂亮，就像天堂那般漂亮。 7.When they told me the news，I was over the moon/on the top of the world. 当他们告诉我这个消息时，我乐不可支。 8.The rabbit made me jump out of my skin. 这只兔子吓得我魂不附体。 9.I was so hungry that I could eat a horse. 我饿得能吃掉一匹马。 10.When she heard the bad news，a river of tears poured out. 当她听到这个坏消息时，她泪流成河。 [写出下列句子所用的修辞手法] 1.The wind whispers in the tree.拟人 2.His speech brought the house down.夸张 3.The old Venice fell asleep again.拟人 4.She eats like a bird.明喻 5.The loud music almost drove me up a wall.夸张 6.All the runners shot out like arrows. 明喻 7.I was walking along the road when suddenly this enormous dog stood in front of me.It was as big as an elephant.夸张 8.Slowly，the city began to breathe again.拟人 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$