第1部分 选择性必修第四册 UNIT 1 Looking forwards（Word教参）-【优化指导】2025年高考英语一轮复习高中总复习·第1轮（外研版）

[对应学生用书P223] (2023·湖南九校联盟高三联考)学校决定下周四在体育馆举行一场慈善捐赠活动，号召全校学生参加。假设你是校学生会主席李华，请你在学校英语报上为学生会拟一份通知，内容包括： 1.本次活动的目的或意义； 2.参加本次活动的注意事项。 注意： 1.写作词数应为80左右； 2.可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。 Notice 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 The Student Union [满分作文] Notice To raise the awareness of caring for the disadvantaged groups，our school is to organize a charity donation at 5：30 p.m.next Thursday in the gym and appeals to us students to participate. All classes are supposed to arrange for three volunteers to accept the donated items and register the relevant detailed information of the donors.In addition，there will be no limits to the donation；that is，new or second­hand ones will be equally welcomed. Give away roses and fragrance remains.Looking forward to your earnest participation. The Student Union Ⅰ.核心单词 1.complex adj.复杂的 2.commercial n.(电视或电台的)商业广告 3.alternative n.可供选择的事物 4.arise v.(由……)引起 5.circumstance n.情况，情形 Ⅱ.拓展词汇 1.ambition n.追求，理想→ambitious adj.有雄心的，有野心的 2.correspond vi.通信；相一致，符合；相当于→correspondent n. 通讯员，记者→ correspondence n.来往信件，通信联系 3.ultimate adj.最后的，最终的→ultimately adv.最后，最终 4.participate v.参加，参与→participation n.参加，参与→participant n.参加者，参与者 5.symbol n.象征，代表→symbolize v.象征，代表 6.mix v.混合；调配→mixture n.混合；混合体 7.affect v.影响；使感染；深深打动；假装→affection n.喜爱，钟爱→affectionate adj.表示关爱的 8.qualify v.合格，使具备资格→qualified adj.合格的，胜任的→qualification n.资格，资历 9.fluent adj.流利的→fluently adv.流利地→fluency n.熟练，流利 10.sincere adj.真诚的，诚挚的，诚实的→sincerely adv.由衷地，真诚地，真心实意地 Ⅲ.阅读词汇 默想下面单词的含义，不会的在□中做出标记并核对识记。 □bullfighting n.斗牛　　　 □dot n.点，小圆点 □boyhood n.(男性的)童年时期，少年时代 □trainee n.接受工作培训的人；实习生 □historical adj.(有关)历史的 □detective n.私家侦探 □backwards adv.往回，往前面 □admission n.允许进入(加入) □diverge v.(两条路)岔开，分开 □undergrowth n.(长在大树下或周边的)下木层，下层灌木丛 □numerous adj.许多的，很多的 □thoughtful adj.认真思考的，深思的 □dilemma n.进退两难的境地，困境 □refreshments n.茶点，点心和饮料 □shift n.(工厂、医院等轮班制中的)当班时间 1.面对 in the face of 2.采取行动 take action 3.发生在某人身上；某人所经历的 come one's way 4.被迫做某事 be forced to do sth. 5.模仿；效仿 take a leaf out of one's book 6.做出决定，拿定主意 make up one's mind 7.放过，放弃，错过(机会) pass up 8.(对原先的决定)犹豫，产生怀疑 have second thoughts 9.推迟，延迟 put off 10.坚决拒绝……；彻底否决…… reject ...out of hand 11.仔细考虑，权衡 weigh up 12.洞察；了解 insight into 13.每天 on a daily basis 14.产生于；起因于 arise from 15.拒绝 turn down 1.句型：whatever引导名词性从句 教材原句：Can we take action to shape it，or should we just accept whatever comes our way? 我们能采取行动去塑造它吗？还是我们应该接受发生在我们身上的一切事情？ 2.句型：on/upon＋doing 一……就…… 教材原句：On leaving high school，he joined a local Kansas newspaper as a trainee reporter. 高中一毕业，他就进入堪萨斯州当地的一家报社做实习记者。 3.句型：whether ...or ... 不管……还是…… 教材原句：Whether big or small，what all our choices have in common is that they lead to specific consequences. 无论大小，我们所有的选择都有一个共同点，那就是它们会导致特定的结果。 Ⅰ.词形转换 1.The ambitious lady never realized her ambition of becoming a professional singer. (ambition) 2.Having been encouraged to participate in the running race，all the participants have sufficiently prepared and trained for participation in this activity.(participate) 3.Our chemistry teacher mixed some salt and vinegar with water and the mixture tasted very terrible.(mix) 4.He has the qualification that the job requires，so I believe he is qualified for the job.(qualify) 5.The applicant speaks English fluently，and her fluency in English made her stand out among other applicants.Apart from that，she is in fluent French.(fluent) 6.He is a sincere person and I sincerely believe his sincerity will help him in his career. (sincere) Ⅱ.短语填空 After graduation from college，I 1.made up my mind(下定决心) to work in a computer company.One day，I saw an advertisement in the newspaper for a computer programmer.After 2.weighing up(权衡) the advantages and disadvantages，I decided to 3.take action(采取行动).So I sent an email to the company，4.applying for(申请) the position.When I went to have the job interview，I was 5.turned down(拒绝) because of lacking experience.But I didn't want to 6.pass up(放过，错过) the opportunity.7.In the face of(面对) being rejected again，I knocked at the door of the manager.Fortunately，I was accepted due to my courage.So whatever happens，don't just accept whatever 8.comes our way(发生在我们身上). Ⅲ.句式仿写 1.我们一到达，就都被我们所看到的深深吸引了。 (on/upon＋n./doing) On/Upon our arrival，we were all deeply attracted by what we saw. 2.我告诉自己，不管得到什么我都会心满意足的。(whatever引导名词性从句) I told myself I would be satisfied with whatever I could get. 3.无论是在工作中，在家里，还是在学校，我们都需要参与到节约能源的活动中来。(whether ...or ...) We all need to get involved in energy­saving activities whether it's at work，at home or at school. [对应学生用书P223] 1 alternative n.[C]可供选择的事物 adj.可供替代的 单句语法填空 ①(2022·全国乙卷)There are alternatives(alternative)to constant written communication，such as leaving voice messages or having a group chat. ②You can choose not to forgive.Alternatively(alternative) you can choose to let it go. 完成句子 ③失败乃成功之母。有时候，为了成功，我们别无选择，只能勇敢地直面失败并从中吸取教训。 Failure is the mother of success.Sometimes，in order to succeed，we have no alternative but to face failure bravely and learn from it. ①have no alternative but to do sth.(＝have no choice but to do sth./cannot help but do sth.) 除了做某事别无选择 an alternative to ...……的一个替代品 alternative approaches/methods to learning可供选择的学习方法 an alternative to traditional teaching methods 传统教学方法的一种代替方法 ②alternatively adv.要不，或者 2 arise v.(arose，arisen，arising) (由……)引起；(因……)产生；起床；起立；起身 选词填空(arise/rise/raise) ①In class，the students usually raise their hands first and then rise/arise to answer the teacher's questions. ②With the level of haze rising greatly，many people work to raise public awareness of environmental protection. 完成句子 ③身体不适会引起情绪问题，所以保持身体健康很重要。 Emotional problems can arise from/out of a physical cause，so it is very important to stay physically healthy. ①arise from/out of ...由……引起；从……中产生 ②rise vi.(rose，risen，rising)升起；起身；增长；上升 ③raise vt.(raised，raised，raising)举起；提高；饲养 I was about to arise from the chair to answer the doorbell when the phone rang. 我正要从椅子上起身去开门，突然电话响了。 3 circumstance n.情况，情形；条件；状况(常用复数形式circumstances) 单句语法填空 ①Under/In any circumstances，his carelessness can result in serious accidents. ②In the past ten years，the field has given us high­quality produce regardless of climatic circumstances(circumstance). ③Under/In no circumstances can we give up our dreams. 完成句子 ④这也许不是一个完美的解决办法，但这是在此情况下我能做得最好的。 It might not be a perfect solution，but it's the best I can do under/in the circumstances. in/under ...circumstances在……情况下 under/in no circumstances 决不，无论如何都不(置于句首时句子要用部分倒装) financial/social/personal circumstances 经济/社会/个人状况 We can't deal with the problem until we know all the circumstances. 我们只有了解全部情况后才能处理这个问题。 4 make up one's mind 做出决定，拿定主意 单句语法填空 ①(2022·全国甲卷)We can't seem to make up our minds(mind) whether we want a modern city or a traditional one. ②I think it's high time that you made up your mind to choose(choose) a career. 完成句子 ③他的父亲很固执，一旦他做出决定，说服他改变主意是没有用的。 His father is so stubborn that it's no use persuading him to change his mind once he makes a decision. 词汇升级 ④I'll remember his kindness and help forever. → I'll keep/bear his kindness and help in mind forever. make up one's mind to do sth.下定决心做某事 change one's mind改变主意 bear/keep ...in mind记住…… fix one's mind on/upon ...集中注意力于…… read one's mind看出某人的心思 bring/call ...to mind (使)想起；(使)记起 come to mind 突然被记起/想起 在make up one's mind中，根据one's的单复数来确定mind的单复数形式。 5 pass up 放过，放弃，错过(机会) 单句语法填空 ①Chinese kung fu is a very important and unique form of Chinese culture，which has been passed down from generation to generation. ②Unfortunately，he passed away last year，which was a great loss to his country. ③The old man hoped to pass on his knowledge of traditional Chinese medicine to the younger generations. 完成句子 ④当杰克放学后路过一家花店时，他想到了一个主意，“我要给妈妈送一些玫瑰。” When Jack passed by a flower shop after school，an idea came to his mind，“I'll send Mum some roses.” pass up放弃，错过 pass by 经过(……旁边) pass sth. on (to sb.) 传给(某人)；递给(某人) pass down 世代相传，流传 pass away 去世 pass through 穿过；通过 pass ...off as ...把……冒充成……，假装……是…… I don't think you should pass up the opportunity to go to university. 我认为你不应该错过上大学的机会。 6 put off 推迟……，使……延期 单句语法填空 ①(2023·全国甲卷)Put off watching your favorite show until the weekend or wait 10 extra minutes before going for that cake. ②(2022·全国甲卷)When you put them down between bites，always put them down together so they are parallel with the edge of the table in front of you. ③My mom told me how to prepare it.First I cut the tomatoes into pieces and put them aside. 完成句子 ④我们将把在公园里的野餐推迟到下周，那时天气可能会好些。 We will put off the picnic in the park until next week，when the weather may be better. put forward提出(意见、建议) put on穿上；上演 put away将……收起，放好 put up with容忍，忍受 put down放下；写下；镇压 put aside 储存……备用；放在一边 put up 搭建；提高；张贴 put through 接通(电话)；完成 The meeting which was scheduled for today has been put off to next week. 原定于今天举行的会议已被推迟到下周举行。 7 on/upon doing ... 一……就…… On leaving high school，he joined a local Kansas newspaper as a trainee reporter. 高中一毕业，他就进入堪萨斯州当地的一家报社做实习记者。 单句语法填空 ① Upon/On his arrival at the office，he realized that he had left his cellphone at home. ②He had hardly finished his speech when the students started cheering. 一句多译 ③一听到那个令人兴奋的消息，她就高兴地跳了起来。→She jumped with joy immediately/ instantly/directly she heard the exciting news. →The moment/instant/minute she heard the exciting news，she jumped with joy. →Upon/On hearing the exciting news，she jumped with joy. →No sooner had she heard the exciting news than she jumped with joy.(no sooner位于句首引起倒装) (1)“upon/on＋n./doing ...”意为“一……就……”，相当于as soon as引导的时间状语从句。 (2)“一……就……”的其他表达： ①immediately/directly/instantly＋从句 ②the moment/minute/instant＋从句 ③no sooner ...than ... ④hardly ...when ... 在③④这两个句型中，主句用过去完成时，从句用一般过去时；如果no sooner或hardly位于句首，主句用部分倒装。 [对应学生用书P227] 维度1　单句语法填空 1.It is important to weigh up the pros and cons before the final decision is made. 2.Thanks again for your kind help and I am sincerely(sincere) looking forward to showing you around in China in the near future. 3.The committee will examine the agreement and any problems arising(arise) from it. 4.I made up my mind to study(study) harder rather than waste precious time on those useless things. 5.An opportunity came my way because I was motivated and didn't give up in the face of so many difficulties. 6.On a daily basis this motto serves as a reminder that I need to work hard to realize my dream. 7.The agency will make travel arrangements for you.Alternatively(alternative)，you can organize your own transport. 8.How can you pass up the chance to meet your favourite author at the book signing? 9.Our school has recently obtained the latest multimedia equipment，allowing students to learn efficiently under special circumstances(circumstance). 10.Tom had to turn down the invitation to the party last weekend because he was too busy. 维度2　一词多义 写出下列句中admission的词性和词义 1.I felt he would see my giving up now as an admission that I was wrong.n.承认 2.Admission to the exhibition will be by invitation only.n.允许进入(加入) 3.The show will be open to the public at 2 p.m.；admission will be free.n.入场费 维度3　熟词生义 1.It's better to leave your listeners wishing for more than shifting restlessly in their seats waiting for your speech finally to end.移动 2.It is situated on the Yarra River，opposite Crown Entertainment Complex.大厦，建筑群 维度4　完成句子/一句多译 1.我想我有资格成为一名志愿者。请给我一次机会。(qualified) I think I am qualified to be a volunteer.Please give me a chance. 2.我们现在必须做的是找另一个人来帮助我们。(动词不定式) What we must do now is to find another person to help us. 3.无论你作何决定都会得到我们的支持。(whatever) You'll have our support whatever you decide. 4.一听到那个坏消息，他就哭了起来。 →As soon as/The moment/The minute/The second/The instant/Immediately/Directly/Instantly he heard the bad news，he burst out crying.(时间状语从句) →On/Upon hearing the bad news，he burst out crying.(on/upon doing) 5.无论你走哪一条路，你都会到车站。 →Whichever road you take，it will lead you to the station. →No matter which road you take，it will lead you to the station. 维度1　单元话题微写作 Step 1　要点提示(黑体部分请利用本单元所学词汇翻译) 1.在面对挑战时，不要犹豫，要快速拿定主意并采取行动。 In the face of challenges, do not hesitate，but quickly make up your mind and take action. 2.面临选择时你要权衡利弊，否则就会错过机会。 When facing choices，you should weigh up the pros and cons, otherwise you will pass up the opportunity. 3.著名侦探罗伯特给我们树立了一个很好的榜样。 Robert，a famous detective, set a good example for us. 4.在童年时期，他就有了将来要成为一名侦探的理想。 In his boyhood，he had an ambition to become a detective in the future. 5.他的父母试图让他成为一名记者。 His parents tried to make him a correspondent. 6.大学毕业后，他面临着两种选择，一时处于进退两难的境地。 After graduation from university，he was faced with two alternatives，and was in a dilemma for a time. 7.他最终彻底拒绝了父母的建议，然后成了一名闻名全国的侦探。 Ultimately, he rejected his parents' suggestion out of hand and became a famous detective over the country. 8.如果他不坚持自己的理想，他就不可能在他最喜欢的领域取得成功。(there is no doing ...) If he hadn't stuck to his ideal，there would have been no succeeding in his favorite field. Step 2　升级句式 9.将句4和句5用while连接起来 In his boyhood，he had an ambition to become a detective in the future while his parents tried to make him a correspondent. Step 3　衔接成文(注意使用适当的过渡衔接词汇：in this respect，so) [参考范文] In the face of challenges，do not hesitate，but quickly make up your mind and take action. When facing choices，you should weigh up the pros and cons，otherwise you will pass up the opportunity.In this respect，Robert，a famous detective，set a good example for us.In his boyhood，he had an ambition to become a detective in the future while his parents tried to make him a correspondent.After graduation from university，he was faced with two alternatives，and was in a dilemma for a time.Ultimately，he rejected his parents' suggestion out of hand and became a famous detective all over the country.So，if he hadn't stuck to his ideal，there would have been no succeeding in his favorite field. 维度2　读后续写微技能 修辞之明喻 [概念阐释] 明喻是比喻的一种，是表明本体事物“像”喻体事物的修辞关系。明喻的表达方法：A像B。常用喻词：like、as ...as、as if。 [词块必记] 1.as brave as a lion像狮子一样勇敢 2.the apple of my eye我的掌上明珠 3.as quiet as a mouse悄无声息 4.like an ant on a hot pan像热锅上的蚂蚁 5.as busy as a bee 忙忙碌碌 6.as hungry as a wolf饥肠辘辘 7.as proud as a peacock傲如孔雀 8.as pretty as a picture 美如画 [佳句背诵] 1.The book has accompanied me for quite a long time like an old friend. 这本书陪伴了我很久，就像一位老朋友。 2.He was running on the sports field freely as if he were a happy bird. 他在操场上自由地奔跑，仿佛他是一只快乐的小鸟。 3.He felt as if his heart had been stabbed by a knife. 他感觉自己的心好像被刀子捅了一下。 4.The bus went as slowly as a snail. 这辆公交车行驶得像蜗牛一样慢。 5.Father rushed to his son's school，only to discover the building was as flat as a pancake. 父亲冲到儿子的学校后，却发现这座建筑已经变成一片废墟。 6.Finally I put my whole head into it，like a cork forced into a bottle. 最后，我把整个头放进了里面，就像软木塞被塞进了瓶子里。 7.Paul looked out the back window and saw the wolf standing on Mac's car as if it were a killer. 保罗从后窗向外望去，看见那只狼站在麦克的汽车上，好像它是个杀手。 8.The country，covered with cherry tree flowers，looks as if it were covered with pink snow. 开满樱花的乡村，看起来好像被粉红色的雪覆盖了。 [完成句子] 1.我伸手去摸她的脸，发现她的脸像冰一样凉。 I reached out to touch her face，which was as cold as the ice.(as ...as ...) 2.她脸上的笑容像钻石一样闪闪发光。 The smile on her face shone like a diamond.(like) 3.人们都说他就像孔雀一样目中无人。没有人想做他的朋友。 People say he is as proud as a peacock.Nobody wants to be his friend. 4.寒风开始咆哮，像一把锋利的小刀，刺痛了我的脸。 The icy wind started howling，cutting my facelike a sharp knife. 5.她的头发越来越白，仿佛被霜覆盖着。 Her hair grew greyer and greyer，as if it were covered with frost. 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$