第1部分 选择性必修第一册 UNIT 4 BODY LANGUAGE（Word教参）-【优化指导】2025年高考英语一轮复习高中总复习·第1轮（人教版）

一　必背重点词汇 1．appropriate adj.合适的；恰当的 2．witness vt.当场看到；目击；见证 n．目击者；证人 3．cheek n．面颊；脸颊 4．bow vi.鞠躬；点头 vt.低(头) n．弓；蝴蝶结 5．barrier n．隔阂；障碍 6．bend vt.& vi. (bent，bent)(使)弯曲；倾斜；偏向 7．lower v．降低；减少；把……放低 adj.下面的；下方的；较小的 8．tendency n．趋势；倾向 9．barely adv.几乎不；勉强才能；刚刚 10．occupy vt.占据；占用 11．stare vi.盯着看；凝视 n．凝视 12．bother vi.& vt.费心；麻烦；因……操心 n．麻烦；不便 13．weep vi.& vt. (wept，wept)哭泣；流泪 14．conflict n．矛盾；冲突 vi.冲突；抵触 15．react vi.回应；(对……)起反应；(对食物等)有不良反应 二　串记拓展词汇 1．interact vi.相互影响；交流→interaction n．交流；相互影响 2．vary vi. (根据情况)变化；改变→various adj.不同的；各种各样的→variety n．变化；多样性；不同种类 3．approve vi.赞成；同意 vt.批准；通过→approval n．赞成；批准→approving adj.同意的；赞成的 4．employ vt.使用；应用；雇用→employer n．雇主；老板→employee n．雇员→employment n．雇用；工作 5．differ vi.相异；不同于→different adj.不同的→difference n．不同；差异 6．favour vt.较喜欢；选择；有利于 n．帮助；恩惠；赞同→favourable adj.有利的 7．anger n．愤怒；怒气 vt.使生气；激怒→angry adj.生气的→angrily adv.生气地 8．rely vi.依赖；依靠→reliable adj.可靠的；可信赖的 9．slight adj.轻微的；略微的；细小的→slightly adv.略微；稍微 10．assess vt.评估；评价→assessment n．评估；评定 11．educate vt.教育；教导→educator n．教师；教育工作者；教育家→educated adj.受过教育的；有教养的→education n．教育；教育学；培养 12．distinguish vi.& vt.区分；辨别→distinguished adj.著名的；卓越的 13．anxious adj.焦急的；焦虑的→anxiety n．焦虑；担心；害怕 14．embarrass vt.使窘迫；使尴尬；使为难→embarrassed adj.难堪的；尴尬的→embarrassing adj.使人害羞的(或难堪的、惭愧的)；令人尴尬的 15．shame n．羞耻；羞愧→ashamed adj.羞愧；惭愧→shameful adj.可耻的→shameless adj.无耻的；不知廉耻的 16．inquire/enquire vi.& vt.询问；打听→inquiry/enquiry n．询问；调查 17．adjust vt.调整；调节 vi.& vt.适应；(使)习惯→adjustment n．调整；调节→adjustable adj.可调整的；可调节的 18．react vi. (对……)起反应；回应；(对食物等)有不良反应→reaction n．反应；回应 三　熟识阅读词汇 1．demonstrate vt.表现；表达；说明；证明 2．identical adj.相同的 3．interpret vt.把……理解(解释)为 vi.& vt.口译 4．waist n.腰；腰部 5．incident n.发生的事情；严重事件；冲突 6．trial n.& v．审讯；试验；审判；试用 7．internal adj.内部的；里面的 8．pose n.故作姿态；(为画像、拍照等摆的)姿势 vi.摆好姿势 vt.造成(威胁、问题等) 9．reveal vt.揭示；显出；露出 10．clarify vt.使更清晰易懂；阐明；澄清 11．imply vt.意味着；暗示 12．ceiling n.天花板；上限 13．perceive vt.察觉；看待；理解 14．chest n.胸部；胸膛 15．merely adv.仅仅；只是；只不过 16．ultimately adv.最终；最后 17．component n.组成部分；零件 18．tone n.语气；腔调；口吻 四　牢记核心短语 1．从……到……变化/不等vary from ...to ... 2．赞成/批准某人某事approve of sth. 3．与……相同be identical to 4．相比之下by contrast 5．(与)……相比较by comparison 6．直起来；整理；收拾整齐straighten up 7．消除；打破；分解break down 8．通过；完成；接通电话；熬过(困难时期等)get through 9．(通常指意外地)最终到达；最终end up 10．想出(解决方法)；计算出work out 11．(短暂地)访问；要求(某人讲话等)；正式邀请call on 五　活用经典句式 1．句型：“连词＋doing”省略句 教材原句：In Japan，it may demonstrate respect to look down when talking to an older person． 在日本，与老人交谈时低头可能是对老人的尊重。 2．句型：否定词＋比较级 教材原句：And if we are feeling down or lonely，there is nothing better than seeing the smiling face of a good friend. 如果我们感到沮丧或孤独，没有什么比看到一个好朋友的笑脸更好的了。 3．句型：部分否定 教材原句：Of course，not everyone who looks up is paying attention in class. 当然，并不是每个抬头看的人都在课堂上集中注意力。 主题语境——语言与文化 写作高分词汇 1．grin v．& n．露齿笑；咧嘴笑 2．frown v．& n．皱眉 3．yawn v．打哈欠 n．哈欠 4．gaze v．& n．凝视；注视 5．glare v．& n．怒视 6．grab v．攫取；抓住 7．place v．放置 8．shrug v．& n．耸肩 9．cover v．覆盖；遮盖 10．rub v．& n．擦；摩擦 11．cheek n．脸颊 12．aggressive adj.好斗的；挑衅的 写作高频短语 1．thumbs up 竖起大拇指 2．look at sb. in the eye 直视某人 3．scratch one's nose/eyes/ears 挠鼻子/眼睛/耳朵 4．clench hands tightly 握紧双手 5．make eye contact 进行眼神交流 6．facial expressions 面部表情 7．cross one's arms/legs/ankles 交叉手臂/双腿/脚踝 心理描写之“愤怒” 亮点词块必记 1．angry adj.愤怒的；生气的 2．annoyed adj.恼怒的；生气的 3．mad adj.愤怒的 4．temper n．怒气；火气 5．roar/storm v．怒吼 6．tremble with anger 气得发抖 7．get mad at sb.生某人的气 8．blow up at sb.冲某人发火 9．storm out of/into/off气冲冲地…… 10．lose one's temper 发脾气 亮点句式背诵 1．His face was clouded with anger.他怒容满面。 2．Boiling with rage, Jim shook his fist at me.吉姆勃然大怒，朝我挥舞着拳头。 3．He looked as if he were going to burst.他看上去好像快要崩溃了。 4．He trembled with anger from head to foot.他气得浑身发抖。 5．The dreadful man leaped out of his chair with a roar.那个可怕的人咆哮着从椅子上跳了起来。 写作词汇·会写 1．appropriate adj.合适的；恰当的　　　　　　　 2.witness vt.当场看到；目击；见证 n．目击者；证人 3．tendency n．趋势；倾向 4.occupy vt.占据；占用 5．stare vi.盯着看；凝视 n．凝视 6.distinguish vi.& vt.区分；辨别 拓展词汇·会用 1．approve vi.赞成；同意 vt.批准；通过→approval n．赞成；批准→approving adj.同意的；赞成的 2．anger n．愤怒；怒气 vt.使生气；激怒→angry adj.生气的→angrily adv.生气地 3．rely vi.依赖；依靠→reliable adj.可靠的；可信赖的 4．slight adj.轻微的；略微的；细小的→slightly adv.略微；稍微 5．distinguish vi.& vt.区分；辨别→distinguished adj.著名的；卓越的 6．anxiety n．焦虑；担心；害怕→anxious adj.担心；焦虑 [单句填空] 1．I made up my mind to follow their examples to take my own responsibility to be a reliable (rely) person in the future. 2．The door was slightly (slight) open and he could see the man sitting in a chair next to the window. 3．Looking at my workmates, I put forward a plan, which met their immediate approval (approve). 4．Almost everyone has to fight against stress, anger, and anxiety (anxious). 5．Our school has prepared a number of interesting activities for you, our distinguished (distinguish) guests. 6．She had a quarrel with her mother that afternoon and she ran out of the house angrily (angry). 重点短语·活用 1．approve of 赞成；同意；批准 2．break down 出故障；消除(隔阂等)；垮掉；(使)分解 3．get through 通过；到达；做完；接通电话；度过，熬过(困难时期等) 4．end up 最终成为；最后处于 5．work out 想出(解决方法)；计算出 6．call on (短暂地)访问；要求(某人讲话等)；正式邀请 [选择合适的短语填空] 1．In order to establish a national civilized city, the local government has launched a campaign and called on all the citizens to actively participate. 2．Little did I know that my book would end up saving a life. 3．Something about leaving the place where I grew up and knowing that my mom was no longer there just made me break down． 4．Some parents don't approve of their kids joining the volunteer association just because they think it will influence their study. 5．We purchased everything they would need for a nice dinner and then picked out some things to help them get through the winter. 6．It took great effort and patience to figure out what the problems were and work out a solution, but Lin Hui always wore a smile. 经典句式·熟记 1．句型：“连词＋doing”省略结构 教材原句：In Japan，it may demonstrate respect to look down when talking to an older person. 2．句型：“否定词＋比较级”表示最高级含义 教材原句：And if we are feeling down or lonely，there is nothing better than seeing the smiling face of a good friend. [句式仿写] 1．当他和我一起走的时候，他经常跑出我的视线。 He often ran out of my sight when walking with me． 2．每个人都希望有一个苗条的身材，但是我们知道没有什么比健康更重要。 Everyone hopes to have a slim figure, but we know that nothing is more important than health． 教材美文诵读 We use both words and body language to express our thoughts and opinions in our 1.interactions (interact) with other people. Body language can make us learn a lot about 2.what people are thinking. Just like 3.spoken (speak) language，body language 4.varies (vary) from culture to culture. The crucial thing is using body language in a way that is appropriate 5.to the culture you are in. For example，the gesture for “OK” has 6.different (differ) meanings in different cultures. Even the gestures we use for “yes” and “no” differ around the world. Some gestures seem to have 7.the same meaning everywhere. 8.Placing (place) your hands together and resting them on the side of your head while closing your eyes means “sleep”．Some body language has many different uses. Perhaps the best example is smiling. A smile can break down 9.barriers (barrier). If we are feeling down or lonely，there is nothing 10.better (good) than seeing the smiling face of a good friend. 1 　approve vi.赞成；同意 vt.批准；通过 单句填空 ①A survey done recently shows that not all parents approve of their children taking part in the weekend classes. ②The experience in one summer program taught me a lesson: never do something you believe is wrong just to gain the approval (approve) of others. ③I approve of your trying (try) to earn some money, but please don't neglect your study. 单句写作 ④(应用文写作之申请信)如果我的申请能得到您的批准，我将不胜感激。 I would appreciate it if my application could get your approval． 一句多译 ⑤老师同意我们制作视频来记录我们在校的经历。 →The teacher gave his approval to us making a video to record our experiences at school. (approval) →The teacher approved of us making a video to record our experiences at school. (approve) ①approve sth. 批准/通过某事 approve of (sb./one's) doing sth. 赞成/同意(某人)做某事 ②approval n．赞成；同意；批准；通过 get one's approval 得到某人的同意 give one's approval to ... 同意/批准…… 2 　employ vt.使用；应用；雇用 单句填空 ①(2023·全国甲卷)Carson proves that a simple literary form that has been passed down through the ages can still be employed (employ) today to draw attention to important truths. ②He has been employed in writing a new book these days. ③The government has taken effective measures to create more employment (employ) opportunities. 一句多译 ④最近他忙于复习功课，所以他没有和你联系。 →He was employing himself in going over his lessons recently，so he didn't get in touch with you. →Employed in going over his lessons recently，he didn't get in touch with you. (过去分词短语作状语) →Employing himself in going over his lessons recently，he didn't get in touch with you. (现在分词短语作状语) ①employ sb. as ...雇用某人为…… employ sb. to do sth.雇用某人做某事 employ oneself in doing sth.＝be employed in doing sth.忙于做某事，从事于某事 ②employer n．雇主 ③employee n．雇员；受雇者 ④employment n．工作；职业；雇用 3 　differ vi相异；不同于；意见相左 单句填空 ①Having worked as a volunteer teacher for three years made a great difference to his life. ②The two leaders differed with each other on/about/over several issues. 单句写作 ③(应用文写作之传统文化)自家包的饺子通常与乡愁联系在一起，因为不同家庭的饺子口味和馅料各不相同。 Homemade dumplings are often associated with homesickness, as flavors and fillings differ from family to family. 一句多译 ④英式英语和美式英语在发音和拼写方面差别明显。 →British English differs obviously from American English in pronunciation and spelling. (differ) →British English is obviously different from American English in pronunciation and spelling. (different) ①differ from＝be different from 与……不同 differ in＝be different in在……方面不同 differ with sb. about/on/over ...与某人在某方面意见不一致 ②difference n．不同；区别，差别 make a difference 有影响；起作用；使不相同 4 　favour vt.较喜欢；选择；有利于 n．帮助；恩惠；赞同；偏袒；偏爱 赏句猜义 ①We have to apply the same rules to everyone, showing no favour. 偏爱；偏袒 ②Chinese export commodities have enjoyed growing favour among buyers abroad. 喜爱 ③I want to ask a favour of you. Will you lend me your car? 帮助 ④I talked to Susie about travelling abroad, and she was all in favour of going abroad. 赞同 单句填空 ⑤Asking a favor of the President of the United States was no casual matter, especially for a seventeen­year­old girl. ⑥Since tulips are my favourite (favour) plant, I did well and got praised. 单句写作 ⑦(应用文写作之求助信)我写这封信是希望你能够在即将到来的面试中帮助我。 I'm writing this letter，hoping that you can do me a favour/do a favour for me with my coming interview. ①in favour of 支持；赞同 in sb.'s favour 有利于某人 do sb. a favour/do a favour for sb. 给某人以恩惠；帮助某人 ask sb. a favour＝ask a favour of sb. 请某人帮忙 ②favourable adj.赞同的；有利的；给人好印象的 ③favourite adj.最喜欢的 n．特别喜爱的人(或事物) I have much difficulty in choosing the subjects in the near future, so I am writing to ask whether you could do me a favour. 我对在不久的将来就要选择科目感到很困难，所以我写信是想请你帮我一个忙。 5 　occupy vt.占据；占用；占领 单句填空 ①With the National College Entrance Examination drawing near，I am occupied in preparing for it. ②For all these years Tom has been occupied with volunteer activities. ③Think about your occupation (occupy) honestly and decide whether it gives you room for life balance. ④It encourages us to occupy (occupy) our own little corner, to avoid foolish leaps into the dark, to be satisfied. 句式升级 ⑤Jane has been occupied in getting used to her new surroundings and she hasn't had time for social activities. →Occupied in getting used to her new surroundings，Jane hasn't had time for social activities. (过去分词短语作状语) →Occupying herself in getting used to her new surroundings，Jane hasn't had time for social activities. (现在分词短语作状语) ①occupy oneself with sth./in doing sth. 从事于……，忙于…… ②occupied adj.被占领的；使用中；忙于 be occupied with sth./in doing sth. 从事于……，忙于…… ③occupation n．职业；占领 I was occupied with my homework；suddenly，I heard a strange noise. 我正忙着做作业，突然，我听到一个奇怪的声音。 6 　adjust vt.调整；调节 vi.& vt.适应；(使)习惯 单句填空 ①The height of the bicycle seat is adjustable (adjust). ②Plants help human beings adjust to the climate, beautify our living environment and reduce pollution. ③It needs to be constructed from materials that will stand the heat of the lamp and regular adjustments (adjust) by the user. 单句写作 ④我想知道您是否方便。如果不方便，请让我知道，以便我们做出相应的调整，以适应您的日程安排。 I am wondering whether it is convenient for you. If not, please let me know so that we can make adjustments accordingly to suit your schedule． ①adjust to 适应(to是介词) adjust ...to ... 调整……以适应…… ②adjustment n．调整；调节；适应 make adjustments/an adjustment to ... 对……进行调整/改革 ③adjustable adj.可调节的 7 　break down消除；分解；打破；(机器)损坏，出故障；(谈判)失败；(身体)垮掉 赏句猜义 ①His health broke down at last; I think it was because he had overworked. 垮掉 ②The two countries are going to meet to break down some barriers to trade between them. 消除 ③Researchers in Spain and England recently found that the worms of the greater wax moth can break down polyethylene，which accounts for 40% of plastics. 分解 ④For example, if you were late because your car broke down, maybe you need to have your car examined more regularly. 出故障 单句填空 ⑤Jones' idea has been fully realized—the “HAPPY TO CHAT” benches help break down the invisible social barrier that keeps people from saying hello. ⑥A quarrel broke out between the couple, which made their son break away from his family. 单句写作 ⑦(读后续写之动作描写)真的，我爸爸开的卡车经常在路上抛锚，这给我爸爸带来了麻烦。 (2021·浙江6月卷)Really, the truck my dad drove often broke down on the way, which made my dad in trouble. break in强行进入；打断(谈话)，插嘴 break into强行闯入；突然开始 break out (战争、火灾等)突然开始；爆发 break up破碎；解散；结束 break through取得突破；克服；战胜 break away from脱离(政党等)；突然挣脱；逃脱 8 　have sth. done So if a student has his head lowered to look at his watch，it implies he is bored and just counting the minutes for the class to end. 因此如果一个学生把头低下去看手表，那就表明他厌烦了，只是在数着时间等下课。 单句填空 ①You can't have your children running (run) around in the house. ②There is no need to worry about. I will have Tom pick (pick) you up at the airport. ③I don't like to wash clothes，so I always have my clothes washed (wash). ④I was watching the clock all through the meeting，as I had a train to catch (catch). 单句写作 ⑤(应用文写作之道歉信)非常抱歉，周五下午我不能陪你去书店了。我刚发现那天下午我有一个重要的会议要参加。 I'm terribly sorry for not being able to accompany you to the bookstore on Friday afternoon. I have just found that I have an important meeting to attend that afternoon. 本句中has his head lowered为have sth. done结构，表示“使某事被做”。其中，过去分词在句中作宾语补足语，表示被动含义。 ·have sth. done让某人做某事；使某事被做；遭遇/遭受某事 ·have sb. doing sth.让某人一直做某事(强调动作的持续性) ·have sb. do sth.让某人做某事 ·have sth. to do 有事情要做 Ⅰ.要点拾遗 1 　witness vt.当场看到；目击；见证 n．目击者；证人 ①(2022·浙江1月卷)To frame his story, Klein creates the character of Ned, a fictional witness to the progress brought about by the steam and electric revolutions in America during one man's lifetime. ②上周日，我参加了学生会组织的一次有意义的活动，名为“认识我们周围的植物”。 Last Sunday witnessed my participating in a meaningful activity named “Getting to Know the Plants Around Us” organized by the Students' Union. 2 　stare vi.盯着看；凝视 n．凝视 ①(2021·浙江6月卷)However, what my children want to do after school is pick up a screen—any screen—and stare at it for hours. ②她惊恐的眼睛透过树叶盯着我们。 Her frightened eyes stared at us through the leaves. Ⅱ.一词多义/熟词生义 1 　根据语境选出bother的含义 ①Sorry to bother you，but the manager is on the line. C ②He didn't bother to answer the question. A ③You needn't bother yourself about small things. B 2 　根据语境选出employ的含义 ①When did the company start to employ new people？ B ②Every day I employ myself in doing homework. C ③He employed an appropriate method to solve the problem. A 3 　根据语境选出break down的含义 ①My car broke down on the way to the airport. C ②The peace talks broke down with no agreement reached. A ③Your health will break down if you work too hard. D ④You should break down your tasks in an appropriate way so that you can finish them on time. E ⑤Getting young people together will help to break down the barriers between them. B 4 　写出黑体词汇在语境中的词性及含义 ①His anxiety to win the vote was obvious. n.渴望 ②Smoking every day will pose a threat to your physical health. vt.造成(威胁、问题等) ③Of the two ways of sharing books，the latter wins my favour. n.支持；喜爱 ④No one will ever know what mix of talent，ambition，energy and luck made Dickens such a distinguished writer. adj.著名的 ⑤Companies could be forced to reveal to consumers what information they hold and how much money they make from it. vt.透露 Ⅰ.单句填空 1. (2022·北京卷)Early last year, I was troubled by an anxiety (anxious) that crippled (削弱) my ability to do anything. 2．With favourable (favour) weather conditions，let's visit the theme park. 3. (2022·全国甲卷)Don't get caught making an embarrassing (embarrass) mistake at a restaurant. 4．The government calls on us to protect (protect) rare animals from being extinct. 5．He didn't bother answering/to answer (answer) my question，which didn't appeal to him. 6．Occupied (occupy) in his research，he didn't have time to take part in amusing entertainments. 7．He was ashamed of not being up to his position，so he came up with some good ways to improve himself. 8．She is employed (employ) in doing the rewarding job every day. 9．I approve of your accompanying him to Beijing，but please do be careful. 10．The expert displays the ability to distinguish paintings of high quality from poor ones. Ⅱ.补全句子 1．当你感到疲劳时，没有什么比洗个热水澡更好的了。(否定词＋比较级) When you feel tired，there is nothing better than a hot bath. 2．我得提醒你，不是网上的所有东西都是对的。(部分否定) I have to remind you that not everything on the Internet is right. 3．我完全赞成这个活动，因为它不仅可以减少对环境的危害，还可以通过循环利用来节省资源。(approve of) I approve of the activity completely because it can not only reduce the harm done to the environment but also save resources through recycling. 4．我写这封信是为了呼吁大家关注关于垃圾分类的社区讲座。 I'm writing this letter to call on attention to the community lecture concerning garbage classification． 一　应用文写作增分练 电子邮件(介绍肢体语言) [单句写作] 1．我写这封信是为了向你表示最热烈的欢迎，并与你分享一些关于中国肢体语言的知识。 I'm writing to extend my warmest welcome and share something about body language in China with you. 2．在中国，我们挥手说“你好”或“再见”，我们通常用握手来迎接客人。 In China, we wave our hands to say “hello” or “goodbye”，and we usually greet our guests by shaking hands with them. 3．和许多国家一样，我们点头表示“是”，摇头表示“不”。 Like many countries, we nod our heads to say “yes” and shake our heads to say “no”． 4．我们向别人鞠躬表示感谢。 We bow to show great thanks to others. 5．在中国，与他人交谈时，眼神交流是一种尊重的表现。 Making eye contact while talking with others is a sign of respect in China. [连句成篇](用恰当的连词或衔接词将上面的句子连成一篇短文) [参考范文] I'm writing to extend my warmest welcome and share something about body language in China with you. In China, we wave our hands to say “hello” or “goodbye”，and we usually greet our guests by shaking hands with them. Like many countries, we nod our heads to say “yes” and shake our heads to say “no”.Besides，we bow to show great thanks to others. And making eye contact while talking with others is a sign of respect in China. 二　续写提能练 心理描写之“愤怒” [续写语料] 词汇 anger n．愤怒，怒火 annoyance n．烦恼；恼怒 furious adj.狂怒的，暴怒的 erupt v．突然发生；(感情)迸发 词块 let out a yell of anger发出愤怒的喊叫 in a furious passion大发雷霆；盛怒之下 erupt like a volcano像爆发的火山 storm out of the room怒气冲冲地走出房间 [写作运用] 请结合所给语料，完成下面语段。 看到我们把东西塞进行李箱，年轻人很震惊，发出一声愤怒的喊叫，眼睛里闪烁着恼怒的光芒。他大发雷霆，指责我们非法进入他的房间。听到那人粗鲁的话，我的丈夫像火山一样爆发了。最后，我的丈夫无法控制自己的愤怒，冲出房间，愤怒地关上了身后的门。 [参考范文] Shocked to see us packing things into our suitcase，the young man let out a yell of anger, with his eyes shining with annoyance. He was in a furious passion and accused us of illegally entering his room. Hearing the man's rude words, my husband erupted like a volcano. Eventually, unable to contain his anger, my husband stormed out of the room，closing the door furiously behind him. 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$