第1部分 选择性必修第二册 UNIT 4 HUMOUR（Word教参）-【优化指导】2025年高考英语一轮复习高中总复习·第1轮（北师大版）

[对应学生用书P90] 假设你是李华，喜欢学习英语，在学习的过程中发现自己看不懂一些英语笑话，请根据以下要点给某英文报刊编辑写一封信就这一问题进行咨询。要点： 1．我是一个英语爱好者，英语成绩还不错； 2．不能理解英语杂志上小笑话的幽默之处； 3．向编辑咨询出现这种现象的原因并寻求改进建议。 Dear editor， I am Li Hua，a senior high school student，who loves English very much，and I am writing to ask you for help. I have been learning English hard for about six years and my English teacher often praises me for my excellent performance.However，I am very puzzled when I can't understand some jokes at all in some English magazines such as Reader's Digest，❶although I know all the words.Could you please tell me ❷the reason why I can't take in the humor in the jokes？Maybe you can give me some suggestions on how to change the situation. Best wishes to you！I am looking forward to receiving your letter. Sincerely yours， Li Hua 用左栏加黑的句式完成句子 ①尽管快80岁了，他还是十分活跃。 Although/Though/While he's nearly 80，he is still very active. ②你真正需要做的是找出你考试不及格的原因。 What you really need to do is to figure out the reason why you fail the exam． ：　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 [对应学生用书P90] 1 pretend vi.& vt.假装，装作 单句语法填空 ①When my mother came back，I pretended to have fallen(fall) asleep. ②Sarah pretended to be(be)cheerful，saying nothing about the argument. ③Mike pretended to be preparing (prepare) lunch when his mother stepped in the kitchen. 一句多译 ④我们在街上相遇时，她装作不认识我，这使我很伤心。 →She pretended that she didn't know me when we met in the street，which really upset me.(宾语从句) →She pretended not to know me when we met in the street，which really made me upset.(不定式) pretend 和pretend有类似用法(后接to do/to be doing/to have done) 的动词还有happen、appear、seem、claim等，以及be said to结构。 2 significant adj.重要的，重大的；显著的 [拓展]significance n．意义；重要性；意思；含义 significantly adv.显著地；有某种意义地；显著地 单句语法填空 ①She showed special concern for the college students and attached much significance to educating(educate) them. ②(2023·北京卷)In recent years，researchers from diverse fields have agreed that shorttermism is now a significant(significance) problem in industrialised societies. ③(2023·新课标Ⅰ卷)For instance，the average obtained from the estimates of four discussion groups of five was significantly(significant) more accurate than the average obtained from 20 independent individuals. 应用文单句写作 ④你最好提前到，这对表现你的礼貌很重要。 You'd better arrive ahead of time，which is very significant/of great significance to show your politeness． ①be of (great/no/little) significance to ...对……(很/不/不大) 重要 attach (great) significance to认为……(很)重要 ②be significant to/for ...对……是重要的 It is significant that ...很明显……；值得注意的是…… 3 embarrassed adj.难堪的，尴尬的 [拓展]embarrass vt.使尴尬；使难堪embarrassing adj.令人难堪的embarrassment n．窘迫；尴尬 单句语法填空 ①(2022·全国甲卷)Don't get caught making an embarrassing(embarrass) mistake at a restaurant. ②Embarrassed about his mistakes，he locked himself in his room. ③The girl felt embarrassed when seeing the embarrassing pictures.(embarrass) ④The young man was embarrassed to admit(admit) cheating in the test.　 一句多译 ⑤让他难堪的是，他对所发生的事情一无所知。 →What embarrassed him was that he had no idea of what was going on.(embarrass) →To his embarrassment，he had no idea of what was going on.(embarrassment) ①be/feel embarrassed to do sth.对做某事感到尴尬 be/feel embarrassed about/at ...对……感到难为情/尴尬 ②to one's embarrassment令某人尴尬的是 4 confused adj.困惑的；糊涂的；混乱的 [拓展]confuse vt.使糊涂；使困惑；混淆confusing adj.令人困惑的；难以理解的confusion n．混同；混淆；困惑 单句语法填空 ①They can become confused by seeing many photographs or similar faces. ②The present situation is so confusing that I got confused．(confuse) ③(2023·新课标Ⅰ卷)As for Bailey，she is more confused(confuse) about why her act is considered a big deal. 应用文单句写作 ④如果你有任何困惑，给我打电话。 If you're confused about anything，phone me. 　 ①be/get confused about ...对……感到困惑 be confused by sth.被某(事)物搞糊涂了 ②confuse ...with/and ...把……和……混淆 5 faithful adj.忠诚的；可靠的；忠实的 [拓展]faith n．信任；信心；相信；诚意faithfully adv.忠实地；忠诚地；准确地 单句语法填空 ①I have lost faith in that company，but I kept faith with the manager. ②My faithful friend has faith in me and he can faithfully support me at any time.(faith) ③Besides，it is also very important that friends should be faithful(faith) to each other. 应用文单句写作 ④对自己有信心，忠于自己的工作，忠实地履行自己的承诺，那么你就一定会成功。 Have faith in yourself，be faithful to your work and faithfully live up to your promise，and then you are sure to succeed. ①have/lose faith in ...对……有/失去信心 keep/break faith with ...对……守/不守信用；忠诚/不忠于…… ②be faithful to ...对……忠实/忠诚 6 announce vt.宣布，宣告；通知；声称；广播 [拓展]announcement n．宣告；通告 announcer n．(广播、电视的)广播员，播音员 单句语法填空 ①He said the lucky woman will be announced(announce) on the website and the trip will be shared online. ②The announcer made an announcement that all the details should be announced through the broadcast.(announce) ③When he announced the good news to her，she got very excited. 完成句子 ④据宣布，国庆节要举行庆祝会。 It is announced that there will be a celebration on National Day. ①It is announced that ...据称；据宣布…… announce to sb.sth.＝announce sth.to sb.向某人宣布某事 ②make an announcement发布通知；宣布 announce后不跟双宾语，即不能说announce sb.sth.，可以说announce to sb.sth.。类似的不接双宾语的动词还有explain、say、report、describe、suggest、mention、express等。 7 deserve vt.应得，应受到；值得 [拓展]deserving adj.值得的；应得的deserved adj.应得的；应受的 单句语法填空 ①He does deserve to win(win) any respect from anybody. ②There is no doubt that the man is guilty and that he deserves punishing/to be punished(punish). ③Whoever you are，you deserve equal treatment(treat). 应用文单句写作 ④保持开放的心态，因为每个人的想法都值得考虑。 Keep an open mind，because everyone's ideas deserve consideration/deserve considering/deserve to be considered． ①deserve to do sth.应该做某事；值得做某事 ②deserve doing/to be done值得/应该被做…… ③deserve consideration/attention/a rest值得考虑/值得注意/应该休息 当物作主语时，deserve后接doing，主动形式表示被动意义，相当于接动词不定式的被动形式。need、want、require作“需要”讲时也有类似用法。 8 expense n．费用，花费 [拓展]expensive adj.昂贵的；价格高的 inexpensive adj.便宜的 单句语法填空 ①He lived there two whole years at his own expense. ②His fame was bought at the expense of health and happiness. ③(2023·全国乙卷)What's more，indoor plants are easy to look after and are not very expensive(expense).　 ④(2023·新课标Ⅱ卷)More recently，as books have become inexpensive(expensive) or even throwaway，artists have used them as the raw material for artworks ... 应用文单句写作 ⑤我们将不惜一切代价来保护我们的环境不受污染。 We will spare no expense to protect our surroundings from being polluted． at one's expense跟某人开玩笑；由某人付费 at the expense of ...以……为代价；在牺牲……的情况下 spare no expense不惜一切代价 9 amuse vt.使开心；逗笑 [拓展]amusement n．愉悦；娱乐；娱乐活动amusing adj.有趣的；好笑的amused adj.被逗乐的，觉得好笑的 单句语法填空 ①Seeing everyone was amused at the amusing joke，he kept silent.(amuse) ②(2022·新高考Ⅱ卷)His father frequently amused the boy with a tablet computer which was loaded with colorful pictures that come alive when you poke them. ③There are so many amusing activities and we can be amused by different amusements in it.(amuse) 应用文单句写作 ④做运动不仅能娱乐学生，而且能锻炼他们的力量。 Taking exercise not only keeps the students amused，but also builds their strength. ①amuse oneself with ...以……自娱自乐 ②be amused at/by ...以……为乐 ③to one's amusement 让某人感到好笑的是 in/with amusement愉快地；饶有兴趣地 10 astonished adj.吃惊的，惊讶的 [拓展]astonish vt.使十分惊讶；使吃惊astonishing adj.令人十分惊讶的；令人吃惊的astonishment n．惊讶 单句语法填空 ①(2023·浙江1月卷)And that's why，however astonishing(astonish) Project Debater may seem，the tradition that began with Socrates and Confucius will not end with artificial intelligence. ②To my astonishment，they weren't astonished at the astonishing news，so I looked at them in astonishment．(astonish) ③We were astonished to hear(hear) that their football team had won the champion. 一句多译 ④令我特别惊讶的是，她仍然记得我的名字。 →Much to my astonishment，she still remembered my name.(astonishment) →What astonished me most was that she still remembered my name.(astonish；主语从句) ①It astonishes sb.that ...令某人惊讶的是…… ②be astonished at/by sth.对某事感到惊讶 be astonished to do sth.对做某事感到惊讶 ③to one's astonishment令某人惊讶的是 in astonishment 吃惊地 11 rely on依赖；信赖 [拓展]reliable adj.可信赖的；可依赖的；可靠的 单句语法填空 ①To be honest，he is not a man who can be relied(rely) on. ②Many people now would rely on surfing(surf) the Internet rather than read newspapers for news. ③That young man is honest，cooperative，always there when you need his help.In short，he's reliable(rely). 一句多译 ④你可以相信当你有困难时我会帮助你。(rely on) →You can rely on me to help you when you are in trouble. →You can rely on it that I will help you when you are in trouble. →You can rely on my helping you when you are in trouble. rely on sb.to do sth.指望/相信某人会做某事 rely on(doing) sth.依赖/信任/指望(做) 某事 rely on it that ...相信……；指望…… rely on的同义短语：depend on/upon，count on/upon。 12 as if引导方式状语从句 After a moment，he looks back at the envelope but this time he looks surprised, as if he did not know it was there.He opens it to find a birthday card and very happily puts it on the table for everyone to see. 过了一会儿，他回头看了看信封，但这次他露出惊讶的表情，好像完全不知道它在那里。打开信封后，他发现是一张生日贺卡，便高兴地把贺卡放在桌上向大家炫耀起来。 单句语法填空 ①The young man with long hair looks as if he were(be) a girl. ②It looks as if it is(be) going to rain.You'd better take an umbrella with you. ③He opened his mouth as if he would say(say) something to me. ＝He opened his mouth as if to say(say) something to me. 应用文单句写作 ④大卫坚持跑步，好像他忘记了他所有的弱点，尽管他在几千米内就被绊倒了。 David insisted on running as if he had forgotten all his weaknesses，though he was tripped over within a few kilometers.　 ①如果as if/though引导的方式状语从句为主系表结构且从句主语与主句主语一致，则可省略其中的主语和系动词。 ②as if/though可以引导方式状语从句和表语从句。若陈述一个事实，从句用陈述语气；若表示一种虚拟、假设情况或不可能实现的情况，则用虚拟语气。虚拟语气的形式为： as if＋主语＋ [对应学生用书P95] Ⅰ.一词多义/熟词生义练——清除阅读障碍 1．atmosphere n．大气(层)；气氛，氛围，环境；空气 ①These plants love warm，humid atmospheres. 空气 ②The hotel offers a friendly atmosphere and personal service.氛围 ③The children grew up in an atmosphere of violence and insecurity.环境 2．whisper vi.& vt.悄声说，低语，耳语 vt.私下说 n．耳语，私语；传言 ①He whispered so softly that none but Julie heard him.悄声说 ②I've heard whispers that he's leaving.传言 ③It was whispered that he would soon die and he did.私下说 3．快速阅读下列句子并猜测句中加黑词汇的意思 ①He spent a lot of money in satisfying the appetite for excitement and amusement.欲望 ②I'll chew the problem over for a few days.考虑 ③These novels mirror life in today's Japan from various angles. 反映 ④The practice still obtains in some areas of England.流行 Ⅱ.核心知识巩固练——强化语言知识 (一)词形变化练 1．Accurate measurement(measure) is very important in science. 2．The announcer softly announced the result，but the announcement made me shocked.(announce) 3．It's too soon to write off the whole consultation(consult) process as a failure. 4．All applicants will be considered regardless of age，sex，religion or nationality(national). 5．The novel is a famous literary creation(create). 6．They discussed the statistical significance(significant) of the results. 7．Much to my embarrassment，he asked me an embarrassing question.I felt so embarrassed that my face was red.(embarrass) 8．He was really confused by the confusing problem which also confused other people for a long time.(confuse) 9．He had supported the local team faithfully(faith) for 30 years. 10．To my astonishment(astonish)，he replied my letter. (二)固定用法练 1．He consulted with his wife before selling the car. 2．A survey showed people were confused about what they should eat to stay healthy. 3．She spared no expense to make(make) the party a great success. 4．I heard them talk in whispers all the time at the meeting. 5．This news had convinced him of the popularity of his novel. 6．She pretended to be reading(read) a novel when I came into the room. 7．He felt that he didn't deserve to be given/giving(give) such a great honor. 8．The boys amused themselves(them) by drawing caricatures(漫画). 9．Not having found a better way，we had to rely on him to be the interpreter. 10．He always talks to me as if he were my brother. 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$