第1部分 选择性必修第一册 UNIT 2 Onwards and upwards（Word教参）-【优化指导】2025年高考英语一轮复习高中总复习·第1轮（外研版）

[对应学生用书P125] (2023·广东湛江模拟)假定你是李华，请给你校外教Anna写一封邮件，邀请她主持下个月的英语演讲比赛，内容包括： 1.比赛的地点、时间等； 2.她需要做的事。 注意： 1.写作词数应为80左右； 2.请按如下格式在相应位置作答。 Dear Anna， 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 Yours， Li Hua [满分作文] Dear Anna， I am writing this letter to ask if you are willing to be the host of the English speech contest. The contest is scheduled to be held in the school lecture centre on the second weekend of next month.You are expected to give both an opening speech and a closing one，and make some brief comments on the speakers.And of course，you need to introduce our judges briefly.I'd appreciate it if you could accept my invitation. I am looking forward to your early reply.Best wishes to you. Yours， Li Hua Ⅰ.核心单词 1.debt n.债务，欠款 2.pace n.速度；进度 3.nevertheless adv.然而，不过 4.classic n.名著；经典作品 5.guarantee v.保证；确保 6.outcome n.结果，后果 7.worthwhile adj.重要的；值得做的 8.enthusiastic adj.热心的，热衷的 9.contest n.比赛，竞赛 10.upset adj.心烦意乱的，烦恼的 11.elect v.选举，推选 12.worthy adj.值得尊敬的；值得赞赏的 13.mere adj.仅仅，只不过 14.dawn n.黎明，破晓 15.permanent adj.长久的；永久的 Ⅱ.拓展词汇 1.inform v.通知，告知→information n.信息 2.rare adj.稀罕的，稀少的→rarely adv.很少，难得 3.reject v.拒绝，不予考虑→rejection n.拒绝，否决 4.criticise v.批评；指责→criticism n.批评；指责 5.delight n.高兴，愉快→delighted adj.愉快的，高兴的→delightful adj.令人愉快的，讨人喜欢的 6.elect v.选举，推选→election n.选举，推选→elective adj.选举的，可选择的 7.bless v.祝福→blessing n.幸事，幸运 8.appreciate v.感激，欣赏→appreciative adj.感激的→appreciation n.感激，欣赏 9.gentle adj.和蔼的，温和的→gentleness n.和蔼，温和→gently adv.温和地 10.embarrass v.使困窘，使尴尬→embarrassed adj.难堪的，尴尬的→embarrassment n.尴尬；窘迫；难堪→embarrassing adj.令人尴尬的 Ⅲ.阅读词汇 默想下面单词的含义，不会的在□中做出标记并核对识记。 □dread v.畏惧，惧怕　　　　 □rye n.黑麦 □laureate n.重要奖项获得者 □endurance n.(忍)耐力 □blanket n.毯子，毛毯 □beaver n.河狸，海狸 □cucumber n.黄瓜 □fingertip n.指尖 □outline n.外形，轮廓 □probe v.调查；探究 □revelation n.展现，显示 □descend v.降临；来临 □tactile adj.触觉的 □perfume n.香味 □relish n.享受，乐趣 □literary adj.文学的 □amid prep.在……之中 □haunt n.(某人)常去的地方 □overnight adv.突然，一下子 □persevere v.锲而不舍，坚持不懈 □manuscript n.手稿，底稿 □best­seller n.畅销书；畅销产品 □Victorian adj.英国维多利亚(女王)时代的 □companionship n.友谊；友好交往 □intoxicate v.使兴奋，使陶醉 □pageant n.盛大的(露天)演出 □workaday adj.平凡的；平淡的 □mighty adj.强有力的；雄伟的 □orchestra n.(大型的)管弦乐队 □morsel n.(尤指食物的)一小片，一小块 1.以……为例 take (...) for example 2.与……在……方面有相同之处 have ...in common with ... 3.把……粘贴在…… stick ...on 4.拒绝 turn ...down 5.总共 a total of 6.起作用 play a part 7.值得……的 worthy of 8.突然失明和失聪 be stricken blind and deaf 9.调查，探究 probe into 10.接近，向……迫近 close in on 11.(突然)降临到 descend upon 12.给……一个启示 give one hint to 13.遗憾地做某事 regret to do sth. 1.句型：祈使句＋and＋陈述句 教材原句：Keep trying and eventually you will read the words “We are delighted to inform you ...” 继续努力，最终你会看到“我们很高兴通知你……” 2.句型：“only＋状语”置于句首的倒装句式 教材原句：Only when darkness had again descended upon me should I realize how much I had left unseen. 只有当黑暗再次降临时，我才意识到我还有多少东西没有见到。 Ⅰ.词形转换 1.To his delight，he took first place in the exam.His parents were delighted to know about it. (delight) 2.People with an appreciation of art and literature can appreciate works of art.(appreciate) 3.It was an embarrassing situation and he could feel his face reddening with embarrassment. (embarrass) 4.It is clear from the election results that the elected president is broadly representative.(elect) 5.If you have further information as to this matter，please inform me.(inform) 6.In rare cases，when they have no options，they find that women rarely check the rear­view mirror.(rare) 7.His brother is a gentle and educated young man，who says everything gently.I am amazed by the gentleness of his voice.(gentle) Ⅱ.短语填空 　How do you feel when you receive the words“We 1.regret to(遗憾地做……) inform you ...”？ Maybe you regard it as a disaster 2.descending upon(突然降临) you and hesitate to give up.However，a lot of highly successful men or women have previously faced rejection.3.Take J.K.Rowling for example(以……为例).When she received her first rejection letter，she decided that it meant she 4.had something in common with(与……有共同之处) her favourite writers，and 5.stuck it on(把……贴在)her kitchen wall.But the rejections went on in the following years.She insisted she wasn't going to give up until every single publisher 6.turned her down (拒绝).After 7.a total of(总数为)twelve rejections，she became a success.In this sense，failure 8.played a part in(在……中起作用) Rowling's road to success. Ⅲ.句式仿写 1.明天给我打电话，我会告诉你结果。(祈使句＋and＋陈述句) Call me tomorrow and I'll let you know the result. 2.只有我们以正确的方式应对和克服大量的困难，我们才能实现我们的梦想。(“only＋状语”置于句首的倒装句式) Only if/when we deal with and overcome large numbers of difficulties in a correct way will we achieve our dreams. [对应学生用书P125] 1 inform v.通知，告知 单句语法填空 ①(2021·天津3月卷)William Hastie once suggested that history informs us of past mistakes from which we can learn without repeating them. ②The Internet makes it easier to keep us informed (inform) of what is happening around the world. ③(2022·新高考Ⅰ卷)Also，people aren't willing to change their views about food and nutrition as there is so much confusing information(inform) online. 完成句子 ④我很荣幸地通知你，你在这次比赛中获得了第一名。 I have the honour to inform you that you have won first prize in the competition. ①inform sb.of sth.告诉/通知某人某事 inform sb.that ...通知某人…… keep sb.informed (of ...) 使某人随时了解(……) ②information n.[U]消息；情报；信息 We regret to inform you that our library will be closed next Wednesday，Thursday and Friday for the sports meeting. 我们很遗憾地通知你，因为运动会，图书馆将于下周三、周四和周五关闭。 2 delighted adj.愉快的，高兴的 单句语法填空 ①(2021·全国甲卷)Obviously we're all absolutely delighted to welcome(welcome) another calf to our black rhino family. ②I cannot tell you how delighted(delight) I was with the beautiful birthday present you gave me. ③When I heard of the delightful(delight) news that my brother had passed the driving test，I felt very pleased. 完成句子 ④孩子们一看到他们想要的礼物，就高兴地尖叫起来。 On seeing the gifts they wanted，the kids screamed in/with delight. 句式升级 ⑤To my delight，I was chosen from hundreds of applicants to attend the opening ceremony of the Olympic Games. →What delighted me was that I was chosen from hundreds of applicants to attend the opening ceremony of the Olympic Games.(what引导的主语从句) ①be delighted at/with/by ...对……高兴 be delighted to do sth.很高兴做某事 be delighted that ...很高兴…… a delighted look 高兴的神情 ②delight n.[U]高兴，快乐；[C]使人高兴的事vt.(使)高兴 take delight in (doing) ... 高兴(做)……；以(做)……为乐 to one's delight/to the delight of sb.令某人高兴的是 with/in delight高兴地，乐意地 scream in/with delight高兴地大叫起来 take delight in helping those in need 乐意帮助那些需要帮助的人 ③delightful adj.令人愉快的，讨人喜欢的 3 worthwhile adj.重要的；值得做的 单句语法填空 ①It is worthwhile buying/to buy(buy) the reference book，because it is of great help to your study. ②a.His suggestion that we should put up a hospital in the town is worthy to be considered (consider). b.His suggestion that we should put up a hospital in the town is worthy of being considered (consider). 完成句子 ③既然你对传统的中国文化感兴趣，我认为这个节日很值得你体验。 Since you are interested in traditional Chinese culture，I think this festival is well worth experiencing. ①It's worthwhile doing/to do ...做……是值得的。 ②worth adj.值……钱；值得，有价值 be worth＋钱数/n.值得……，值…… be (well) worth doing (很)值得做(主动形式表示被动意义) ③worthy adj.值得尊敬的；值得赞赏的 be worthy of being done/to be done ……值得做 worth一般只作表语；而worthy和worthwhile既可作表语又可作定语。 4 upset adj.心烦意乱的，烦恼的；难过的；沮丧的vt.(upset，upset)使生气；使心烦；打翻 单句语法填空 ①(2022·全国乙卷)However，some high sugar brands，like Classic Coca Cola，have accepted the sugar tax and are refusing to change for fear of upsetting (upset) consumers. ②She was upset to know(know) that her application for the position was turned down. 句式升级 ③I didn't know how to get along with my roommates and that upset me. →I didn't know how to get along with my roommates，which upset me.(定语从句) →It upset me that I didn't know how to get along with my roommates.(it作形式主语) →What upset me was that I didn't know how to get along with my roommates.(主语从句) ①be upset about/by/at sth.为某事心烦/难过 be upset to do sth.对做某事感到生气/难过 ②What upsets sb.is ...做某事让某人心烦/让某人心烦的是…… It upsets sb.to do sth./that ...让某人心烦的是…… Whenever I am upset，my teacher always talks with me patiently and helps me out of trouble. 每当我沮丧时，我的老师总是耐心地和我谈话，帮我摆脱困境。 5 regret to do sth.很遗憾要做某事(还没有做) 单句语法填空 ①I regret leaving/having left(leave) the work unfinished；I should have planned everything ahead carefully. ②It was with regret that I won't be able to attend the meeting due to the late arrival of my flight. 一句多译 ③非常抱歉，明天下午我不能按计划和你一起去书店了。 →Much to my regret/To my great regret，I can't go to the bookstore with you tomorrow afternoon as planned. →I regret to tell you that I can't go to the bookstore with you tomorrow afternoon as planned. ①regret doing sth./having done sth.后悔做了某事 regret that ...遗憾…… regret one's past mistakes 懊悔某人过去的错误 regret any inconvenience对所造成的任何不便表示歉意 ②with great regret非常遗憾 to one's regret令某人抱歉/遗憾的是 express one's regret at the decision对这个决定表示懊悔/遗憾/失望 6 have ...in common 与……有共同之处 单句语法填空 ①(2023·全国甲卷)Here's a riddle：What do traffic jams，long lines and waiting for a vacation to start all have in common? ②Britain，in common with many other industrialized countries，has experienced major changes over the last 100 years. 完成句子 ③尽管他们是好朋友，但是他们几乎没有共同之处。 Although they are good friends，they have little in common with each other. ④当面对这种情况时，任何有常识的人都会作出正确决定。 Anyone with common sense is able to make the right decision when facing the situation. ①have a lot/much/a great deal in common with ...与……有很多共同之处 have nothing/little in common with ...与…… 没有/几乎没有共同之处 ②in common with ...与……一样 ③common sense常识 Though they are twins，they have nothing in common with each other. 尽管他们是双胞胎，但是他们彼此没有什么共同之处。 7 祈使句＋and＋陈述句 Keep trying and eventually you will read the words “We are delighted to inform you ...” 继续努力，最终你会看到“我们很高兴通知你……” 单句语法填空 ①A bit more effort，I think，and you will settle the problem. ②Don't be too talkative，or you may leave a poor impression on others. ③In any unsafe situation，simply press the button and a highly­trained agent will get(get) you the help you need. 句式升级 ④If you follow your teacher's advice，you'll catch up with others in English study. →Follow your teacher's advice and you'll catch up with others in English study.(祈使句＋and＋陈述句) →Following your teacher's advice，you'll catch up with others in English study.(分词作状语) “祈使句＋and＋陈述句”句型中的祈使句相当于一个if引导的条件状语从句，and之后的句子相当于主句，所以用一般将来时。 ①祈使句＋and＋陈述句＝If ...，＋主句 ②祈使句＋or/or else/otherwise＋陈述句＝If ...not ...，＋主句 ③名词词组(常含有more，another等词)＋and＋陈述句 Form good habits of learning and you will improve your learning efficiency. 养成良好的学习习惯，你就会提高学习效率。 8 “only＋状语”置于句首的倒装句式 Only when darkness had again descended upon me should I realize how much I had left unseen. 只有当黑暗再次降临时，我才意识到我还有多少东西没有见到。 单句语法填空 ①(2023·全国乙卷)From the learning experience，I fully understand that only by diligent practicing can we overcome many kinds of difficulties. ②Only after talking to two students did I discover that having strong motivation is one of the biggest factors in reaching goals. 句式升级 ③I realized it was important to have a good command of spoken English only when I won first prize in the spoken English contest. →Only when I won first prize in the spoken English contest did I realize it was important to have a good command of spoken English.(倒装句) ①条件：only放在句首修饰状语(通常是副词、介词短语或状语从句等)时，句子需要部分倒装。 ②结构：only＋状语＋助动词/情态动词/系动词be＋主语＋其他。 ①“only＋从句”放在句首时，主句倒装，从句不倒装。 ②only 放在句首修饰主语时不用倒装。 [对应学生用书P129] 维度1　单句语法填空 1.So delighted(delight) was she that she hugged the twins tightly，tears of joy welling up in her eyes. 2.In ancient times，people rarely(rare) travelled long distances and most farmers only travelled as far as the local market. 3.In the end，my determination and perseverance (persevere) contributed to my great progress. 4.People will make red paper cuts，Chinese characters or red lanterns that mean luck，happiness and blessing(bless) and stick them onto doors and windows. 5.He managed to confirm that it was worthwhile to start/starting(start) a campaign to protect our environment. 6.She was very upset to realize(realize) that her skating career was a total failure. 7.After he considered the problem more carefully，he regretted making/having made(make) such a hasty decision. 8.While watching TV，children do not merely(mere) absorb words and images. 9.I'd like to inform you of some detailed information so that you can make full preparations for it. 10.To avoid embarrassment(embarrass)，you'd better learn about Chinese table manners，which are different from yours. 维度2　一词多义 写出下列句中pace的词性和词义 1.When she thought she heard someone following her，she quickened her pace.n.速度，节奏 2.He paced up and down，waiting for the doctor to call.vi.来回踱步，走来走去 3.He'll have to learn to pace himself in this job.vt.调整自己的工作(或活动)节奏 维度3　熟词生义 1.(2022·全国乙卷)They moved in with a local family，the Harrisons，and，like them，had little privacy，rare baths，and a blanket of snow on their quilt when they woke up in the morning.厚的覆盖层 2.The area we're interested in is outlined in red on the map.画……的轮廓 3.Thanks to the Silence Machine，a British invention，you can get rid of the sound without upsetting the boy or his parents.使生气 维度4　完成句子/同义句改写/一句多译 1.当莉莉走进办公室时，她才意识到她把合同忘在家里了。(倒装句) Only when Lily walked into the office did she realize that she had left the contract at home. 2.读这个故事，你会意识到不是所有的东西都可以用钱买到。(祈使句＋and＋陈述句) Read this story，and you will realize that not everything can be bought with money. 3.他说他会随时告诉我们他在大学的日常生活。(inform) He said that he would keep us informed of his daily life in university. 4.I would be grateful to you for replying at your earliest convenience. →I would appreciate it if you could reply at your earliest convenience.(appreciate) 5.我很高兴被邀请到贵校发表演讲。 →I am delighted to have been invited to your school to deliver a speech.(delighted adj.) →Much to my delight，I have been invited to your school to deliver a speech.(delight n.) →What delights me is that I have been invited to your school to deliver a speech.(delight vt.) 维度1　单元话题微写作 Step 1　要点提示(黑体部分请利用本单元所学词汇翻译) 1.能够取得成功对一个人来说是一件幸运的事，但是要成功需要坚持不懈。 For a person to succeed is a blessing，but you have to persevere if you want to succeed. 2.很多人在做事时往往都是以失败开始，这让他们处于尴尬的境地甚至受到批评。 Many people often begin with failure when they do things，and that makes them in an embarrassing situation and even criticized. 3.以汤姆为例，他在成为百万富翁之前负债累累，被好几家公司拒之门外。 Take Tom for example，he was heavily in debt and was rejected by several companies before he became a millionaire. 4.他仍然充满激情，充分发挥自己的聪明才智，利用各种资源，最终取得成功。 He was still full of enthusiasm，gave play to his intelligence and wisdom to the full，made use of all kinds of resources，and finally achieved success. 5.他的经历值得我们学习。 His experience is worthy of being learned. 6.请记住：努力拼搏才能有好的结果。 Please remember：if you work hard，you will get good outcomes. Step 2　升级句式 7.将句1用“it作形式主语”句型改写 It is a blessing for a person to succeed，but you have to persevere if you want to succeed. 8.将句2用定语从句改写 Many people often begin with failure when they do things，which makes them in an embarrassing situation and even criticized. 9.将句6用“祈使句＋and＋陈述句”句型改写 Please remember：work hard，and you will get good outcomes. Step 3　衔接成文(注意使用适当的过渡衔接词汇：however，in the end) [参考范文] It is a blessing for a person to succeed，but you have to persevere if you want to succeed.Many people often begin with failure when they do things，which makes them in an embarrassing situation and even criticized.Take Tom for example，he was heavily in debt and was rejected by several companies before he became a millionaire.However，he was still full of enthusiasm，gave play to his intelligence and wisdom to the full，made use of all kinds of resources，and finally achieved success.His experience is worthy of being learned.In the end，please remember：work hard，and you will get good outcomes. 维度2　读后续写微技能 动作描写之动“手臂” [词汇积累] 形容词 crossed 动词 wave，fold，grab [词块必记] 1.wave one's arms挥动某人的双臂 2.fold one's arms交叉双臂 3.take one's arm 挽住某人的胳膊 4.catch/grab one's arm抓住某人的胳膊 5.pull sb. into one's arms把某人揽入怀中 6.hold out/open one's arms某人伸出/张开双臂 7.put/throw one's arms around sb.张开双臂搂住某人 8.keep sb. at arm's length 同某人保持距离 9.with crossed arms 双臂交叉 10.with open arms双臂张开(欢迎) 11.arm in arm 手挽手 [佳句背诵] 1.They walked home arm in arm. 他们手挽手走回家。 2.They are sure to welcome you with open arms. 他们一定会张开双臂欢迎你的。 3.She folded her arms and stared at him. 她交叉着双臂凝视着他。 4.She moved close to her father and took his arm. 她走近父亲，挽起他的胳膊。 5.He ran up to her and put/threw his arms around her. 他跑到她跟前，张开双臂搂住了她。 [完成句子] 1.他向前跑着，挥动着双臂。 He was running forward，waving his arms.(分词作状语) 2.她站在那里，双臂交叉，看上去很生气。 She stood there with her arms crossed/folded，looking very angry.(with复合结构) 3.他微笑着伸出/张开双臂。 He held out/opened his arms，smiling.(简单句) 4.她转过身，和他保持距离。 She turned around and kept him at arm's length.(and连接的并列句) 5.他不得不走近她，伸出一只手抓住她的左胳膊。 He had to approach her and reached out a hand to catch/grab her left arm.(动作描写) 6.他挽住她的胳膊，低声道歉说：“对不起”。 He took her arm，whispering an apology，“I'm sorry.”(简单句) 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$