课时作业(1) 必修第一册 Unit 1 Back to school（Word练习）-【优化指导】2025年高考英语一轮复习高中总复习·第1轮（译林版）

课时作业(一)　必修第一册　Unit 1　Back to school 一、阅读理解 (2024·广东粤港澳大湾区二十校一模)The brown paper bag hit the ground.A Michelin engineer picked it up and opened it，revealing a cracked，leaking egg.The third graders at A．J.Whittenberg Elementary School were disappointed when they saw the runny mess. It was engineering week at A．J.Whittenberg，a public primary school in Greenville，South Carolina.One week per month，engineers from local industries visit the classrooms and talk to students about their careers. Greenville is now introducing the idea of a career path to students in primary school and giving students the option to follow those programs to middle and high schools.Each primary school focuses on a specific technical skill.The district allows students to attend schools outside of their attendance boundaries as long as space is available，which means students can choose to continue to follow their chosen career pathway at a middle school with corresponding programs. The effort in Greenville is part of a growing national trend in which school districts partner with local industries to develop curriculum(课程) and expose students to specialized careers at a young age. Some education experts worry the focus on industry qualifications has resulted in schools taking on responsibilities that should fall to businesses，like training workers for specific job duties，damaging a more comprehensive education in schools.“Schools are to not just prepare people for work and strengthen the economy，but also a place where students should experience art，music and think creatively，”said Jack Schneider，a professor of education at the University of Massachusetts. A teacher from Greenville，however，said，“Career exposure has a big impact on kids.We're not really wanting them to make a decision—‘I'm in the second grade and now I'm locked in to being whatever when I graduate from high school in 10 years.’We just hope students walk across the graduation stage with plans for a career in mind.” Modern times need modern solutions.When students leave school，they need to be already down their road to college，if that's what they're going to do，or schools need to give them something that allows them to get to work and earn a living.Just getting out with a high school degree doesn't do that. 1．Why were the third graders disappointed? A．Their test failed. B．The bag missed the target. C．Engineers disturbed them. D．They had to clean the ground. 2．What does Greenville do to help students follow their chosen path? A．Design more career paths. B．Invite engineers to their schools. C．Adopt the open enrollment policy. D．Offer more courses for them to choose. 3．What is Jack Schneider concerned about? A．People's employment. B．Students' overall development. C．The nation's economy. D．The school's innovative education. 4．Which statement would the author most likely agree with? A．Modern solutions are hard to find. B．More students need college education. C．Greenville's practice is not acceptable. D．A high school degree is not enough for jobs. [语篇解读]本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了南卡罗来纳州格林维尔一所公立小学A.J.Whittenberg的工程周。每个月有一周，来自当地行业的工程师会参观教室，与学生谈论他们的职业生涯。 1．A　[解析]推理判断题。根据第一段“The brown paper bag hit the ground.A Michelin engineer picked it up and opened it，revealing a cracked，leaking egg.The third graders at A．J.Whittenberg Elementary School were disappointed when they saw the runny mess.”可知，三年级学生看到这些乱七八糟的东西时，他们很失望，是因为他们的实验失败了。故选A。 2．C　[解析]推理判断题。根据第三段“Greenville is now introducing the idea of a career path to students in primary school and giving students the option to follow those programs to middle and high schools ...which means students can choose to continue to follow their chosen career pathway at a middle school with corresponding programs.”可知，格林维尔采用开放招生政策来帮助学生走自己选择的道路。故选C。 3．B　[解析]细节理解题。根据第五段中的“‘Schools are to not just prepare people for work and strengthen the economy，but also a place where students should experience art，music and think creatively，’said Jack Schneider，a professor of education at the University of Massachusetts.”可知，Jack Schneider教授认为学生们需要全面的发展。故选B。 4．D　[解析]推理判断题。根据最后一段“Modern times need modern solutions.When students leave school，they need to be already down their road to college，if that's what they're going to do，or schools need to give them something that allows them to get to work and earn a living.Just getting out with a high school degree doesn't do that.”可知，高中学历对于工作来说是不够的。故选D。 二、七选五阅读 (2024·河北邯郸高三调研)There's no need to be ashamed about dozing off in class.It is actually a natural phenomenon.Studies have shown that people can only stay completely focused on something for a maximum of 10 minutes.1.______ Dozing off during an important activity or event on a regular basis can develop into a habit that you might carry into other areas of your life. Scientists have found that avoiding overeating before class is one of the most effective ways to beat class sleepiness.Most people have experienced“food coma(昏迷)”after eating a large meal.Eating too much results in a feeling of heaviness that uses up your energy.This happens because the body releases chemicals that signal drowsiness after eating.2.______ Carbohydrates(碳水化合物) release more serotonin(血清素) from the brain，which makes you feel good.3.______ Basically，not all foods have the same impact on your body.While some foods can increase your energy，others can make you sleepy.Also，tasking your body with digesting a large meal is exhausting.Eating large portions—especially of unhealthy foods—will leave your body with little energy to use elsewhere. 4．______ This gives your body the opportunity to digest smaller amounts of food at a time，leaving you feeling energized instead of tired after your meals. Also，avoid heavy foods and choose healthy，balanced meals instead.5.______ An example of a well­rounded breakfast to have before class would be a glass of milk，an egg and a salad containing at least three vegetables. A．Finally，it helps deliver oxygen to your vital organs. B.However，too much serotonin can lead to drowsiness. C．Unfortunately，most classes last longer than 10 minutes. D．Falling asleep in class can cause poor academic performance. E．A healthy meal should include fruit，vegetables and healthy fats. F．This is particularly true if you eat a meal that is high in carbohydrates. G．It is recommended that you keep a stable level of energy by eating smaller meals. [语篇解读]本文是一篇说明文。文章分析了上课打瞌睡的原因并给出了解决这一问题的建议。 1．C　[解析]空前的句子“Studies have shown that people can only stay completely focused on something for a maximum of 10 minutes.”是说人们完全专注于某件事的时间最多只有10分钟。而C项提到“大多数课程持续时间超过10分钟”。所以，C项和上文是顺承关系。故选C。 2．D　[解析]空前的句子“Eating too much results in a feeling of heaviness that uses up your energy.This happens because the body releases chemicals that signal drowsiness after eating.”提到吃得太多会耗尽你的能量，让你困倦，这当然会影响你的学习。所以D项和上文是因果关系，符合题意。故选D。 3．F　[解析]空前的句子“Carbohydrates release more serotonin from the brain，which makes you feel good.”提到碳水化合物的作用，它从大脑中释放更多的血清素让你感觉良好；F项中的“情况尤其如此”指的是上一句中的“让你感觉良好”。所以F项和上一句是顺承关系。故选F。 4．G　[解析]由空后的句子“This gives your body the opportunity to digest smaller amounts of food at a time，leaving you feeling energized instead of tired after your meals.”可知，空处的句子应该提到“少量食物”。所以G项符合题意。故选G。 5．E　[解析]由空前的句子“Also，avoid heavy foods and choose healthy，balanced meals instead.”提到“健康、均衡的膳食”，可知，空处的句子应该进一步说明什么样的饮食是健康、均衡的。所以E项符合题意。故选E。 三、完形填空 (2024·辽宁沈阳东北育才学校一模)We live in a world increasingly dominated by science.Since elementary school，I have always __1__subjects like science and math.To me，these subjects，full of discoveries and __2__，seem to play a more significant role in human progress than humanities.And I always __3__ thought of these subjects as more solid and serious than classes like English.If there was no right __4__ I thought，why bother？But recently I had an __5__ that taught me my academic interests are more flexible than I had thought：I took my first philosophy class. Before I entered the classroom，I was __6__．I waited outside with the other students and wondered what exactly philosophy would involve.I imagined getting into pretty long and boring conversations __7__ intended to reflect on the meaning of life.But what I got was something quite __8__． A young man in jeans，Mr.Jones—“but you can call me Rob”—was far from the white­haired，buttoned­up old man I had __9__．Rather than pulling us into dull arguments about difficult­to­understand philosophical points，Rob __10__us on our level.To talk free will，we looked at our own obstacles.To talk morals，we looked at __11__ we had faced ourselves.By the end of class，I'd discovered that questions with no right answer can turn out to be the most __12__ones. It __13__ me that if I let go of my __14__，I can actually get a lot out of the subjects I once thought little of.The class taught me—in more ways than one—to look at things with a(n) __15__ mind. 1．A.chosen B．evaluated C．favored D．avoided 2．A.formulas B．puzzles C．challenges D．innovations 3．A.automatically B．consciously C．accurately D．impatiently 4．A.reason B．answer C．method D．direction 5．A.surprise B．experience C．incident D．adventure 6．A.hopeful B．confident C．doubtful D．nervous 7．A.jokingly B．mistakenly C．previously D．naturally 8．A.unique B．common C．different D．strange 9．A.mentioned B．expected C．encountered D．missed 10．A.engaged B．tested C．persuaded D．invited 11．A.choices B．abilities C．dilemmas D．doubts 12．A.objective B．effective C．encouraging D．appealing 13．A.confused B．struck C．warned D．convinced 14．A.pride B．concern C．assessment D．prejudice 15．A.open B．strong C．sharp D．ready [语篇解读]本文是一篇夹叙夹议文。文章主要讲述了作者通过自己的亲身经历意识到，像英语和哲学这样的人文科学比科学和数学这样的学科更加灵活。 1．C　[解析]根据下文“To me，these subjects，full of discoveries and __2__，seem to play a more significant role in human progress than humanities.”可知，作者从小学开始一直就偏爱学习科学和数学等科目，因为作者觉得这些学科更重要。故选C。 2．D　[解析]根据空前的discoveries可知，作者觉得科学和数学等科目充满了发现和创新，在人类进步中的作用更大。故选D。 3．A　[解析]根据上文“Since elementary school，I have always __1__ subjects like science and math.”可知，作者一直认为科学和数学在人类进步中的作用更大，这是作者的固有印象，所以自然而然地认为这些学科比英语等课程更扎实、更严肃。故选A。 4．B　[解析]根据下文“By the end of class，I'd discovered that questions with no right answer can turn out to be the most __12__ ones.”可知，作者认为人文学科很多都没有正确答案。故选B。 5．B　[解析]根据下文“Before I entered the classroom，I was __6__．I waited outside with the other students and wondered what exactly philosophy would involve.I imagined getting into pretty long and boring conversations __7__ intended to reflect on the meaning of life.But what I got was something quite __8__．”可知，接下来讲述的是作者的经历，也就是说作者从这次上哲学课的经历中有了新的感悟。故选B。 6．C　[解析]根据下文“I waited outside with the other students and wondered what exactly philosophy would involve.”可知，作者第一次上哲学课，对这门学科充满了疑虑，不知道哲学到底涉及什么问题。故选C。 7．D　[解析]根据上文“And I always __3__ thought of these subjects as more solid and serious than classes like English.”可知，作者固有的思维就是，人文学科很多都没有正确答案。所以作者认为哲学课的对话会无聊，然后自然的就是反思生活的意义。故选D。 8．C　[解析]根据转折连词But以及下文“By the end of class，I'd discovered that questions with no right answer can turn out to be the most __12__ ones.”可知，作者上完课后感觉哲学课和他想象的不一样，作者之前认为哲学课很枯燥，但是实际上很有趣。故选C。 9．B　[解析]根据上文“A young man in jeans，Mr.Jones”可知，作者认为上哲学课的老师是一个白头发，系着纽扣的老人，但实际上是一个穿着牛仔裤的年轻人，所以这和他期待的不一样。故选B。 10．A　[解析]根据上文Rather than pulling us into dull arguments about difficult­to­understand philosophical points可知，老师并没有让学生进入到关于难以理解的哲学观点的无聊争论中，而是站在学生们的角度上吸引他们的兴趣。故选A。 11．C　[解析]根据上文“To talk free will，we looked at our own obstacles.”可知，学生们在讨论自由意志时，看到了自己的障碍，同样，在讨论道德时，看到了自己的困境。故选C。 12．D　[解析]根据上文“If there was no right __4__ I thought，why bother？But recently I had an __5__ that taught me my academic interests are more flexible than I had thought：I took my first philosophy class.”可知，作者以前认为，没有答案是没有意义的，是枯燥的，而现在却发现没有正确答案的问题才可能是最吸引人的。故选D。 13．B　[解析]根据空后I can actually get a lot out of the subjects I once thought little of可知，作者上完哲学课后突然意识到自己能够从以前不在意的科目中得到很多。“It strikes/struck sb.that ...”表示“某人突然想到……”。故选B。 14．D　[解析]根据上文“And I always __3__ thought of these subjects as more solid and serious than classes like English.If there was no right __4__ I thought，why bother？”可知，作者对这些人文学科是有偏见的。故选D。 15．A　[解析]根据上文“It __13__ me that if I let go of my __14__，I can actually get a lot out of the subjects I once thought little of.”可知，作者意识到，对那些人文学科不能带有偏见，思想要开放。故选A。 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$