限时规范练(3) Family matters（Word练习）-【优化指导】2025年高考英语一轮复习高中总复习·第1轮（外研版）

限时规范练(三)　UNIT 3　Family matters (限时30分钟) Ⅰ.阅读理解 A When it comes to Albert Einstein(18791955)，it's easy to imagine an old，crazy­haired genius.But before he ever came up with the theory of relativity，Einstein was a 23­year­old patent clerk，working for the minimum wage.Young Einstein decided to earn some extra cash tutoring physics.He put up an ad，and Maurice Solovine，a student of philosophy，responded.The two did not do much traditional studying，but instead chatted about philosophy.Conrad Habicht，a mathematician and a friend of Einstein，joined their debates.They jokingly called themselves the Olympia Academy. We've gathered together some books the members of the Olympia Academy read and discussed. Maybe the literature that inspired Einstein can inspire you to be clever，too. A Treatise of Human Nature by David Hume David Hume，a 18th­century Scottish philosopher，was always suspicious.He believed “everything we know is really just a matter of probability”.He argued “reason doesn't motivate people”，which led to all sorts of questions，such as “So what's motivating you to write this？” “The chief benefit，which results from philosophy，arises in an indirect manner，and more from its secret insensible influence，than from its immediate application，” Hume wrote. Analysis of Sensations by Ernst Mach An Austrian philosopher Ernst Mach wrote about how mysterious senses are.In an attempt to figure out how humans experience balance，Mach cleverly built a turning chairs，which used shades of gray bands to show that the colors people saw were deeply affected by the colors around them. Science and Hypothesis by Henri Poincare Henri Poincare，a 19th­century French philosopher，was also a theoretical physicist，an engineer and a mathematician.At college，he was fantastic at math.He created his special theory and wrote Science and Hypothesis.Some of his thoughts actually sowed the seeds for Einstein's theory of relativity，such as the idea that time is relative. 1.What did the members of the Olympia Academy have in common? A.They lived on high wages. B.They tended to laugh at each other. C.They loved reading and studying. D.They were 18th­century mathematicians. 2.Which of the following does David Hume agree with? A.Reason motivates people. B.Every human sense is mysterious. C.People should see everything with doubt. D.The chief benefit of philosophy arises directly. 3.Who probably inspired Einstein's theory of relativity? A.Conrad Habicht. B.David Hume. C.Ernst Mach. D.Henri Poincare. 【语篇解读】本文是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了“奥林匹亚学院”的成员喜欢阅读和讨论的书。 1.C　[解析]推理判断题。根据第二段中的“We've gathered together some books the members of the Olympia Academy read and discussed.”可知，“奥林匹亚学院”成员喜欢阅读和讨论。故选C。 2.C　[解析]细节理解题。根据A Treatise of Human Nature by David Hume部分中的 “David Hume，a 18th­century Scottish philosopher，was always suspicious.He believed ‘everything we know is really just a matter of probability’.”可知，David Hume 认为人们应该怀疑地看待一切。故选C。 3.D　[解析]细节理解题。根据Science and Hypothesis by Henri Poincare部分中的“Some of his thoughts actually sowed the seeds for Einstein's theory of relativity，such as the idea that time is relative.”可知，爱因斯坦的相对论受到了Henri Poincare的启发。故选D。 B On a Friday evening in December，two weeks before Christmas，I lost my job.I hadn't seen it coming.I was excited for the weekend，when my daughter，Kristil，then 12，and I planned to get our Christmas tree.Then I listened to my voicemail：“We're sorry，but your work assignment has ended as of today.” My heart sank. I wasn't just a single parent；I was the only parent.My paycheck was survival.Over the next week，I furiously applied for jobs as my bank account grew smaller.I felt as if the world was closing in on me. On a weekend afternoon，back at home，I glanced out the window and noticed a petite woman with short white hair struggling to open her car door against the wind.As she got out，I realized it was my old professor，Sister Esther Heffernan.I hadn't seen her since we'd met for lunch three months ago.After I graduated，Sister Esther kept in touch，meeting me for lunch every few months.I had grown to love her like family.I rushed to the front of my building.“What are you doing out in this weather？” “Well，I tried to call last week but couldn't get through.Then I called your job and they said you weren't working there anymore，so I thought I would come by，” Sister Esther said.“I have a couple of gifts for you and Krstil.” I made her a cup of tea，and we talked.Just being in Sister Esther's presence gave me hope that things would be all right.As she got up to leave，she handed me a Christmas card.“This is for you，and I will be there，sweetheart，” she said as she kissed me on the cheek.I walked her to her car and waved as she pulled away. When I opened her card，I gasped in shock.There was money inside.Hundred­dollar bills fell onto the table.Tears of gratitude puddled in my eyes as I counted.Sister Esther had given me $1，000. On Christmas morning，Kristil and I gathered around our tree，and I joyfully watched as she opened her Christmas gifts.I silently thanked Sister Esther in my heart. 4.What made my heart sink at the beginning? A.Being laid off suddenly. B.The approach of Christmas. C.My shrinking bank account. D.Failing to buy a Christmas tree. 5.Why did I feel hopeful after I made tea for Sister Esther? A.I found a satisfying job to feed my family. B.Sister Esther's showing up gave me strength. C.I received hundred dollar bills from Sister Esther. D.Sister Esther comforted me with her own experience. 6.What words can best describe Sister Esther? A.Considerate and supportive. B.Kind and creative. C.Persistent and smart. D.Selfless and optimistic. 7.What is a suitable title for the text? A.My Efforts Paid Off on Christmas B.A Single Parent Had the Happiest Festival Ever C.An Old Friend Performed a Small Holiday Miracle D.I Struggled to Support My Family After Being Fired 【语篇解读】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了一个单亲妈妈在圣诞前失去工作，却收到许久未见的朋友的温暖礼物的故事。 4.A　[解析]细节理解题。根据第一段中的“Then I listened to my voicemail：‘We're sorry，but your work assignment has ended as of today.’” 可知，我心头一沉是因为得知被解雇了。故选A。 5.B　[解析]细节理解题。根据第四段中的“Just being in Sister Esther's presence gave me hope that things would be all right.”可知，Sister Esther的到来给了我希望和力量。故选B。 6.A　[解析]推理判断题。根据第四段中的“This is for you，and I will be there，sweetheart”及第五段中的“When I opened her card，I gasped in shock.There was money inside.”可知，Sister Esther得知我目前的境况后，主动给我送来了钱，并在我表达感激之前，就驱车离开了，说明她是一个考虑周到和热心助人的人。故选A。 7.C　[解析]标题概括题。根据最后一段并结合文章内容可知，文章主要讲述了在我失业之际，一个老朋友在节日前给予我支持和金钱资助的温暖故事。故选C。 Ⅱ.完形填空 We had just come back home after a big trip.My 5­year­old boy，Baldwin，couldn't 1 to share our stories with his grandmother.Our final 2 is the Appalachian Trail，one of the longest footpaths in the world.We finished the route without any 3 in 209 days.The 4 was really hard work，but full of fun.The landscape along the way was 5 ，with green woods and wild animals like kangaroos.My husband and I had little time to 6 our own physical pain from walking so many kilometers，but tried hard to keep our little boy happy and excited.When we were tired，we got to eat a colorful sweet treat，to make my son 7 .We slept in a tent， 8 at 5：30 in the morning and walking all day.Talking with other hikers along the way prevented 9 and brought extra joy. My son was even several months 10 than “Buddy Backpacker”，a boy who once held the record for the youngest person for the route.We had been hiking 11 my son was two years old.We took every opportunity to go outside and 12 the world.It may seem like an impossible activity for a child.However，it turned out that he was strong enough to 13 it.My son's trip earned 14 from Dale，the oldest person to hike the route.He said，“It's going to change his life forever.Baldwin has gone through some hardships，making him stronger.This challenge contributes to his social and 15 development.He will smile through his life.” 1.A.regret B.wait C.promise D.decide 2.A.agreement B.edge C.movement　 D.destination 3.A.vehicle B.direction C.luggage D.supply 4.A.jogging B.surfing C.hiking D.hunting 5.A.available B.normal C.awful D.dramatic 6.A.pay attention to B.put on C.add to　 D.live up to 7.A.brave B.concerned C.grateful　 D.energetic 8.A.lying B.waking C.talking D.settling 9.A.laziness B.sadness C.boredom D.injury 10.A.shorter B.younger C.earlier D.quicker 11.A.if B.since C.until D.because 12.A.change B.recognise C.explore　 D.photograph 13.A.make B.feel C.know D.find 14.A.prize B.lesson C.praise D.harvest 15.A.emotional B.intellectual C.imaginative D.magical 【语篇解读】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了作者从儿子两岁起就带着他徒步旅行，探索世界，助力孩子成长的故事。 1.B　[解析]句意：我5岁的儿子鲍德温迫不及待地想和他的祖母分享我们的故事。固定短语can't wait to do sth.表示“迫不及待要做某事”，符合语境，此处指孩子旅行回来后很兴奋，特别急切地想要把旅行经历讲给祖母听。故选B。 2.D　[解析]句意：我们的最终目的地是阿帕拉契亚国家步道，世界上最长的步道之一。根据前文提到a big trip可知，他们刚刚旅行回来，空后表语Appalachian Trail是一个地名，应该是旅行所去的地方，即目的地。故选D。 3.A　[解析]句意：我们用209天的时间在没有任何交通工具的情况下走完了这条路线。根据前文one of the longest footpaths可知，他们去的是步行道，后文也多次提到hiking，应该没有使用任何交通工具，完全靠徒步完成。故选A。 4.C　[解析]句意：徒步旅行很辛苦，但很有趣。根据前文one of the longest footpaths可知，他们去的是步行道，没有使用交通工具，根据后文our own physical pain from walking so many kilometers可知，此次旅行是徒步远足。故选C。 5.D　[解析]句意：沿途的风景非常壮观，有绿色的树林和袋鼠等野生动物。后文描述的是路途中看到的绿色树林和袋鼠等野生动物，说明沿途风景是激动人心的。故选D。 6.A　[解析]句意：我的丈夫和我几乎没有时间去关注因长途步行引起的身体疼痛，但我们尽力让我们的小男孩开心和兴奋。作者和丈夫徒步很远的路途之后，身体疼痛，可是为了让孩子开心，没有时间和精力去顾及自己身体上的劳累或疼痛。pay attention to意为“注意”，符合语境。故选A。 7.D　[解析]句意：当我们累了的时候，我们就吃一个五颜六色的糖果，让我的儿子精力充沛。根据句意可知，孩子累了，让孩子吃些糖果应该是让孩子精力充沛。故选D。 8.B　[解析]句意：我们睡在帐篷里，早上五点半醒来，然后走一整天。前面说睡觉，后面提到早上五点半时，应该是醒来的时间。故选B。 9.C　[解析]句意：一路上与其他徒步旅行者交谈可以避免无聊，并带来额外的快乐。根据后面的joy可知，与别人聊天避免了无聊枯燥。故选C。 10.B　[解析]句意：我的儿子甚至比“背包客老弟”还要小几个月，背包客老弟曾经是徒步走完这条路线的年纪最小的人。根据空前even可知，“背包客老弟”是年龄最小的徒步者的纪录保持者，“我”儿子比他更小，younger符合语境。故选B。 11.B　[解析]句意：从我儿子两岁起，我们就一直在徒步旅行。根据本句主句和分句的谓语动词可知，作者是自从儿子两岁至最近五岁期间一直坚持有时间就带孩子进行徒步旅行，所以since符合语境。故选B。 12.C　[解析]句意：我们抓住每一个外出和探索世界的机会。根据句意可知，作者带孩子外出徒步旅行，应该是想让孩子探索世界，探索未知。故选C。 13.A　[解析]句意：然而，事实证明他足够强壮，可以做到这一点。固定短语make it意为“成功”，这里指孩子成功地完成远足。故选A。 14.C　[解析]句意：我儿子的旅行赢得了戴尔的赞扬，他是这条路线上年龄最大的徒步旅行者。从后面戴尔所说的话可知，这是戴尔对儿子的肯定和赞扬。故选C。 15.A　[解析]句意：这一挑战有助于他的社交和情感发展。通读全文可知，几岁的孩子完成了这么大的挑战，一方面有助于他社交能力的发展，另一方面他的情感方面也应该会受到良好的影响，他会更坚强，更能体会人生。故选A。 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$