Unit 4 Thinking outside the box(课件)-2023-2024学年Think 4

4 THINKING OUTSIDE THE BOX THINKING OUTSIDE THE BOX What do you know about Africa? How do people live? What problems do they have? What places or things would you like to visit there? THINKING OUTSIDE THE BOX Reading 1. Look at the photos. Match the photos with these words: A B C D E a scarecrow a battery a solar panel lions cattle a light bulb P 38 THINKING OUTSIDE THE BOX Reading 2. Work in pairs or small groups. There are people in a tribe in Africa who want to stop lions killing their cows. Think of ways they could do this using the items in the photos. speaking speaking P 38 THINKING OUTSIDE THE BOX Reading 3. Read the article and match summaries A-F with the sections 1-5. There is one extra summary. A The lions are finally fooled B An accidental light on the problem C Some success with scarecrows D The dilemma of the Masai people E The outcomes for animals and the inventor F An idea that didn't quite work 4 3 extra summary 1 5 2 P 38 THINKING OUTSIDE THE BOX Reading 4. Read the article again. Seven sentences have been removed. Choose from A-H the sentence which fits each gap (1-7). There is one extra sentence. A But that didn't work at all 一 in fact, it seemed that the fire actually lit up the cowsheds and made life easier for the lions. B After a night or two, they got used to seeing this motionless thing and realised it posed no danger. C Richard's creativity also led to him winning a scholarship at one of the top schools in Kenya. D The lions kept well away. 2 3 7 5 P 38 THINKING OUTSIDE THE BOX Reading 4. Read the article again. Seven sentences have been removed. Choose from A-H the sentence which fits each gap (1-7). There is one extra sentence. E He connected everything up to some light bulbs, which he then put outside the cowshed. F They went in to kill the cattle. G Richard, a responsible young man, felt terrible about it and decided he had to do something to keep the lions out without killing them. H It has also given him the pleasure of seeing people and cattle and lions living together without the conflict that used to exist in the past. 4 1 6 P 38 THINKING OUTSIDE THE BOX Reading 5. Listen and check your answers to Exercise 4. Were your predictions in Exercise 2 right? 1 On a scale of 1 -5 agree on how impressive you think Richard's invention is. (1 = not impressive at all, 5 = brilliant!) Say why your group has given this score. 2 Richard gave a talk about his invention. Imagine you were in the audience. Think of two questions you would ask him at the end of his talk. 6. In pairs or small groups, do the following. speaking speaking P 38 THINKING OUTSIDE THE BOX THINKING OUTSIDE THE BOX Lion Lights 1 Richard Turere is a member of the Masai tribe who live in Central and East Africa. The Masai are traditionally farmers and often keep cattle, an important source of food and income for them. But a problem is that lions sometimes come to the farms and kill the cattle. The Masai are used to lions attacking their livestock, but of course they aren't happy about it. The only solution seemed to be to kill the lions and this had some degree of success in terms of protecting their cattle, but the Masai weren't very happy about doing that, either, because they were reducing the population of lions. 2 In the Masai tribe the young boys are responsible for protecting their fathers' cattle. One day, when Richard was 11, he woke up and found that a lion had killed his father's only bull. 1 ________________________ Richard, a responsible young man, felt terrible about it and decided he had to do something to keep the lions out without killing them. THINKING OUTSIDE THE BOX Lion Lights His first idea was to use fire, on the basis that lions were probably scared of fire. 2___________________ So Richard had to come up with something else. 3 His next idea was to use a scarecrow. Richard hoped that he could trick the lions into thinking that there was a person there, but lions are pretty clever. 3_________________ And then they went in to attack the farm animals. Then one night, Richard spent hours walking around in the cow shed with a torch. That night, no lions came, so he worked out that they were afraid of the moving light. And, being imaginative, he had an idea. After a night or two, they got used to seeing this motionless thing and realised it posed no danger. But that didn't work at all 一 in fact, it seemed that the fire actually lit up the cowsheds and made life easier for the lions. THINKING OUTSIDE THE BOX Lion Lights Richard is a bright young man who used to play with things to see how they worked, and he learned a lot about electrical gadgets that way. So he got a battery and a solar panel to charge it, and then he got an indicator box from an old motorcycle - the box that makes a light blink, to show if the biker is turning left or right. 4__________________ The bulbs flashed throughout the night, and the lions thought that someone was walking around inside the cowshed when in fact everyone was in bed asleep. 5__________________ 4 He connected everything up to some light bulbs, which he then put outside the cowshed. The lions kept well away. THINKING OUTSIDE THE BOX Lion Lights Since Richard invented his 'lion lights', his father has not lost any more cattle to lion attacks. And now Richard's idea is being used in many different places, to keep lions, leopards and elephants away from farms and homes for good. 6____________ He was also invited to talk at a conference in the USA. 7_______________ 5 It has also given him the pleasure of seeing people and cattle and lions living together without the conflict that used to exist in the past. Richard's creativity also led to him winning a scholarship at one of the top schools in Kenya. THINKING OUTSIDE THE BOX problem In Masai tribe, lions sometimes come to the farms and kill the ________, an important source of food and income for the Masai. cattle previous solution • kill the lions • use fire to scare them • use a ____________ scarecrow effective solution • who: ____________ • name: lion lights • he put a battery , a solar panel and an _________ box from an old motorcycle together to simulate someone was walking around inside the cowshed Richard Turere influence • The Masai has not lost any more cattle to lion attacks • being used in many different places, to keep animals away • He was also invited to talk at a ______________ in the USA. conference indicator THINKING OUTSIDE THE BOX Richard Turere is a member of the Masai tribe who live in Central and East Africa. a group of people of the same race, and with the same customs, language, religion, etc., living in a particular area and often led by a chief None of the tribes speak the same tongue. tribe The Masai are traditionally farmers and often keep cattle, an important source of food and income for them. cows and bulls that are kept as farm animals for their milk or meat a herd of cattle 一群牛 He lives on a cattle ranch in Australia. cattle The Masai are traditionally farmers and often keep cattle, an important source of food and income for them. the money that a person, a region, a country, etc. earns from work, from investing money, from business, etc. people on high/low incomes 高 / 低收入的人 Tourism is a major source of income for the area. income The Masai are used to lions attacking their livestock, but of course they aren't happy about it. to talk about something that you are familiar with so that it no longer seems new or strange to you. be used to sth/to doing sth We’re used to the noise from the traffic now. I’m used to getting up early. What are you used to? be used to The Masai are used to lions attacking their livestock, but of course they aren't happy about it. the animals kept on a farm, for example cows or sheep The heavy rains and flooding killed scores of livestock. The ground floor is for keeping things and livestock. livestock The only solution seemed to be to kill the lions and this had some degree of success in terms of protecting their cattle, partly to some degree 在一定程度上 What you say is true to some degree. Everybody is under some degree of stress all the time. some degree The only solution seemed to be to kill the lions and this had some degree of success in terms of protecting their cattle, 依据;在…方面;从…角度看;根据…来说 The data is limited in terms of both quality and quantity. The film was a big success in terms of_____________________. in terms of popularity/plot but the Masai weren't very happy about doing that, either, because they were reducing the population of lions. a particular group of people or animals living in a particular area The tiger population is dangerously small. Declining frog populations are considered an indicator of environmental damage. population In the Masai tribe the young boys are responsible for protecting their fathers' cattle. if someone is responsible for an accident, mistake, crime etc, it is their fault or they can be blamed Police believe that the same man is responsible for three other murders in the area. be responsible for His first idea was to use fire, on the basis that lions were probably scared of fire. 同位语从句用来对其前面的抽象名词进行解释说明，被解释说明的词和同位语在逻辑上是主表关系。同位语从句由连接词that引导，连接词that本身无意义，在同位语从句中不充当任何成分，不可省略，不可以用其他词替代。 We heard the news that our team had won. They were worried over the fact that you were sick. His first idea was____________________,on the basis that_____________________________________________________________. to keep cattle it is an important source of food and income for them So Richard had to come up with something else. If you come up with a plan or idea, you think of it and suggest it. Several of the members have come up with suggestions of their own. He couldn't come up with a solution. come up with His next idea was to use a scarecrow. a figure made to look like a person, that is dressed in old clothes and put in a field to frighten birds away A few scarecrows were set up in the field. There used to be a field here full of scarecrows. scarecrow Richard hoped that he could trick the lions into thinking that there was a person there, but lions are pretty clever. 诱骗…使之采取… He claimed he was tricked into carrying drugs. She was tricked into signing the paper. The salesman was trying to trick________________into thinking that_____________________. trick sb. into doing the customers it is a bargain Then one night, Richard spent hours walking around in the cow shed with a torch. a small building, often made of wood, used especially for storing things cowshed n.牛棚 a garden shed 园艺工具棚 He planned to build on a shed. shed That night, no lions came, so he worked out that they were afraid of the moving light. If you work out a solution to a problem or mystery, you manage to find the solution by thinking or talking about it. We need to work out how we’re going to get there. I had it all worked out. work out And, being imaginative, he had an idea. imaginative “富有想像力的” imaginary “虚构的”，指凭空想像的（created by and exists only in the mind or in a story, and not in real life） The story is set in an imaginary world. We received many clever and imaginative works in our children's painting contest. The equator is an ___________ line around the middle of the earth. imaginary Richard is a bright young man who used to play with things to see how they worked, intelligent; quick to learn the brightest pupil in the class 班里最聪明的学生 Do you have any bright ideas? I was convinced that he was brighter than average. bright and he learned a lot about electrical gadgets that way. connected with electricity; using or producing electricity electrical power/energy 电力/能 The company is a world leader in electrical goods. The fire was caused by an electrical fault. electrical and he learned a lot about electrical gadgets that way. a small tool or device that does sth useful His kitchen is full of gadgets he never uses ay. This meant more gadgets and more experiments. gadget So he got a battery and a solar panel to charge it, and then he got an indicator box from an old motorcycle a device that is placed inside a car engine, clock, radio, etc. and that produces the electricity that makes it work to replace the batteries 更换电池 The battery is flat (= it is no longer producing electricity) . battery So he got a battery and a solar panel to charge it, and then he got an indicator box from an old motorcycle a piece of equipment on a roof that uses light and heat energy from the sun to produce hot water and electricity In winter, the solar panel can be directly used. There are many uses for a portable solar panel. solar panel So he got a battery and a solar panel to charge it, and then he got an indicator box from an old motorcycle to pass electricity through sth so that it is stored there Before use, the battery must be charged. The shaver can be charged up and used when travelling. charge So he got a battery and a solar panel to charge it, and then he got an indicator box from an old motorcycle a light on a vehicle that flashes to show that the vehicle is going to turn left or right indicate v.表明;显示 His left-hand indicator is flashing. The economic indicators are better than expected. indicator the box that makes a light blink, to show if the biker is turning left or right. to shine with an unsteady light; to flash on and off Suddenly a warning light blinked. There was a blink of bright light beyond the forest. blink He connected everything up to some light bulbs, which he then put outside the cowshed. the glass part that fits into an electric lamp, etc. to give light when it is switched on A single light bulb dangled from the ceiling. Three of the bulbs have to be replaced. bulb The bulbs flashed throughout the night, in or into every part of sth They export their products to markets throughout the world. Within weeks, his confidence had spread throughout the team. throughout He was also invited to talk at a conference in the USA. a large official meeting, usually lasting for a few days, at which people with the same work or interests come together to discuss their views The hotel is used for exhibitions, conferences and social events. conference THINKING OUTSIDE THE BOX Do you know the meaning of it? Is this a useful skill? Why? Thinking Outside the box Lateral thinking TRAIN TO THiNK A woman is driving down a city street at 25 miles per hour. The speed limit is 30 miles per hour. She passes three cars that are travelling at 20 miles per hour. A police officer stops her and gives her a £100 fine. Why? 'Lateral thinking' means solving problems by thinking in a creative way. It means not following the obvious line of thinking. Here is an example. 1. Read the example. If we think too much about the speed, we may not get the answer. What does the situation NOT tell us? It doesn't tell us, for example, what time of day it is — so a possible reason for the £ 100 fine is that it is night time and the woman is driving with no lights on her car. Or another possible reason for the fine is that the street is one-way, and the woman is driving the wrong way. P 39 Lateral thinking TRAIN TO THiNK 1 A father and son are in a bad car crash. They are both taken to hospital. The son is taken into the operating theatre. The doctor there looks at the boy and says: 'That's my son!' How is this possible? 2 A woman is lying awake in bed. She dials a number on the phone, says nothing, puts the phone down and then goes to sleep. Why? 2. Work in pairs or small groups. Here are more situations. See if you can find possible answers. speaking speaking The doctor is the boy's mother. The woman is in a hotel room and the person in the next room is snoring loudly. She calls the number to wake them up and to stop the snoring. P 39 Lateral thinking TRAIN TO THiNK 3 A man lives on the twelfth floor of a building. Every morning, he takes the lift down to the entrance and leaves the building. In the evening, he gets into the lift, and, if there is someone else in the lift, he goes directly to the twelfth floor. If the lift is empty, he goes to the tenth floor and walks up two flights of stairs to his apartment. Why? The man is not tall enough to reach the button for the twelfth floor. 2. Work in pairs or small groups. Here are more situations. See if you can find possible answers. speaking speaking P 39 be / get used to (doing) vs. used to (do) GRAMMAR 1. Complete these sentences about the article on page 39 with the words in the list. Then complete the rule by choosing the correct options. 1 A conflict used to _______________ between the farmers and the lions. 2 The Masai are used to lions ________________ their livestock. 3 The lions got used to ______________ the scarecrow. 4 Richard used to _______________ with things to see how they worked. exist attacking seeing play play | exist | attacking | seeing P 40 be / get used to (doing) vs. used to (do) GRAMMAR RULE : We use: • 1 used to do / be used to doing to talk about situations that were true in the past but are not true any more. • 2 used to do / be used to doing to talk about something that is familiar. • 3 be used to doing / get used to doing to talk about the process of something becoming familiar. 1. Complete these sentences about the article on page 39 with the words in the list. Then complete the rule by choosing the correct options. P 40 be / get used to (doing) vs. used to (do) GRAMMAR 2. Choose the correct options. 1 When he was a child, Richard used to look after / to looking after his father's cattle. 2 The Masai people are used to hear / to hearing the sounds of lions at night. 3 The lions have never got used to see / to seeing the flashing lights. 4 Richard used to watch / to watching planes when they flew over the farm. 5 Richard used to imagine / to imagining going on a plane to America. 6 Richard is used to speak / to speaking in public now. He’s given several talks at conferences. P 40 be / get used to (doing) vs. used to (do) GRAMMAR 3. Complete with the correct form of be or get. 1 I'm from Sweden, so I ____________ used to cold weather. 2 Did it take you long to _____________ used to the food here? 3 I lived in the UK for years, but I never ____________ used to driving on the left. 4 I think I'll never ____________ used to summer in January! 5 _____________ you used to life here now? 6 We didn't eat the food in China at first because we _____________ used to it. am/'m get got get Are weren't P 40 be / get used to (doing) vs. used to (do) GRAMMAR • 2 things that both you and your partner used to do • 2 things you are used to doing • 2 things that you have got used to this year 4. Work with a partner. Find: speaking speaking P 40 THINKING OUTSIDE THE BOX Personality adjectives VOCABULARY clever Richard is a bright young man. Personality adjectives bright / braɪt / VOCABULARY able to make decisions quickly and confidently, or showing this quality In difficult situations, you need a decisive leader. Personality adjectives decisive / dɪˈsaɪsɪv / VOCABULARY having ​control and ​authority over something or someone In the Masai tribe the young boys are responsible for protecting their fathers’ cattle. Personality adjectives responsible / rɪˈspɒnsəb(ə)l / VOCABULARY describes a person who becomes angry and annoyed easily Brian gets angry all the time and he complains a lot. He’s pretty bad-tempered. Personality adjectives bad-tempered /ˌbæd ˈtempəd / VOCABULARY good at ​thinking of new, ​original, and ​clever ​ideas It’s important to be imaginative. Personality adjectives imaginative / ɪˈmædʒɪnətɪv / VOCABULARY An organised ​person is ​able to ​plan things ​carefully and ​keep things ​tidy. Susie is in charge of planning the trip because she's very organised. Personality adjectives organised / ˈɔːɡənaɪzd / VOCABULARY taking care to avoid risks or danger I'm not very good at skiing because I'm too cautious. Personality adjectives cautious / ˈkɔːʃəs / VOCABULARY not interesting or exciting in any way; boring The conversation at dinner was very dull. Personality adjectives dull / dʌl / VOCABULARY easily annoyed by someone's mistakes or because you have to wait Do you often get impatient in this kind of situation? Personality adjectives impatient / ɪmˈpeɪʃ(ə)nt / VOCABULARY Someone who is practical is good at planning things, making sensible decisions and dealing with problems. Being imaginative is better than being practical. Personality adjectives practical / ˈpræktɪkl / VOCABULARY certain about your ability to do things well I'm not confident enough to travel on my own. Personality adjectives confident / ˈkɒnfɪdənt / VOCABULARY believing that you are better or more important than other people These arrogant politicians think they know what's best for the rest of us. Personality adjectives arrogant / ˈærəɡənt / Personality adjectives VOCABULARY 1. Which of the adjectives in the list are used in the article to describe Richard Turere? What do they mean? bright | responsible | decisive | bad-tempered | imaginative | organised | impatient | practical | confident | cautious | arrogant | dull bright responsible Does a decisive person take a long time to make a choice? Does a confident person get shy when he meet new people? P 40 Personality adjectives VOCABULARY 2. Read about these people Jane met at her new school. a Tick (√) the people she likes. Write (X) for the people she doesn't like. Write (?) where it isn't clear. b Complete the spaces with a word from Exercise 1. 0 Brian gets angry all the time and he complains a lot. He’s pretty bad-tempered . 1 Barbara understands quickly and has lots of good ideas. She's very ________________. 2 Carla doesn’t like taking risks. She's a very ________________ person. bright cautious P 40 Personality adjectives VOCABULARY 3 Dana's great because she makes her mind up really quickly - a really __________________ girl. 4 Derek never has anything interesting to say - he’s so _________ ! 5 Imogen always has wonderful ideas, she’s very ______________ . 6 lan wants everything and he wants it now! He’s pretty ______________ . 7 Oscar always knows where things are and what he has to do - he’s very _______________ . 8 Rita is someone you can trust, who makes good decisions - she's ________________ . dull decisive imaginative impatient organised responsible P 40 SPEADKING 1. Work in pairs. Think of five different people and write sentences to describe them but donft use the adjective. Jo is waiting for her friend, who's two minutes late. She calls her to see where she is. P 40 2. Change partner and read your sentences. Can they guess the adjective you were thinking of ? impatient 3. Ask your partner extra questions about the adjective. Do you often get impatient in this kind of situation? SPEADKING P 40 LISTENING Being imaginative 1. Look at the two tasks. Think of ideas for both. Then compare with a partner. How lmaginative Are You? Try some of our tasks to find out how imaginative you are. 1 Look at this brick. How many different uses can you think of for it? Make a list. 2 Look at the picture. How many different things can you see in it? P 41 Being imaginative 2. Briony and Mark did the tasks. Listen to heir conversation and answer questions 1 and 2. 1 Note the six uses Briony thought of for the brick. 2 Note the four things Mark saw in the picture. paperweight, doorstop, laptop stand , something to stand on, hammer, car wheel chuck two faces, tree, broccoli, human brain LISTENING P 41 Being imaginative 3. In groups, compare Briony and Mark's deas with what you thought of in Exercise 1. speaking speaking LISTENING P 41 Being imaginative 4. Listen again and complete each sentence with no more than three words. 1 Briony only _____________________ six ideas. 2 Briony thinks you can put the brick on top of a __________________ so that they don't fly away in the wind. 3 Mark thinks Briony is wrong about using the brick as a hammer to put ______________ into a wall. 4 Briony accuses Mark of _____________ when he says he can see a brain. 5 Mark says the quiz is meant to demonstrate ____________________ people are. 6 Briony says that Mark shouldn't be ______________ on himself. comes up with pile of papers nails cheating how imaginative hard LISTENING P 41 THiNK VALUES 1. Choose the best way to finish this sentence. l think the tasks in Exercise 1 tell us that... 1 it’s important to be imaginative. 2 being imaginative is better than being practical,. 3 you can be an imaginative person even if you're not good at these tasks. 4 not everybody is as imaginative as everybody else. 5 everybody's imagination is different. Appreciating creative solutions P 41 THiNK VALUES 2. Now put these in order of importance for you. (1 = most important, 5 = least important) being practical being imaginative knowing a lot of things being responsible being organised Appreciating creative solutions P 41 THiNK VALUES 3. Work in pairs. Compare your answers in Exercises 1 and 2. How similar are your ideas? speaking speaking Appreciating creative solutions P 41 THINKING OUTSIDE THE BOX • Do you know what you want to do when you finish school? • Go to university / start work? • Is there anything that worries you about going to university or starting work? Reading 1. Read the post from Paul on the, ‘Answers4U’ website. What problem does he have? He's worried about the course he's planning to do at university because he doesn't think he's creative enough to be able to succeed at it. THINKING OUTSIDE THE BOX P 42 THINKING OUTSIDE THE BOX Hello everyone, I'm 17 and I'm going to start university soon. I'm going to study journalism because I want to work in TV. In the first semester, everyone has to do a course called 'Creative Thinking and Writing' : At first I thought it wouldn't be a problem - but now I'm really anxious because I'm not a creative person at all! I'm scared that I'm going to look stupid and that I won't pass the course, or else, I'll only get through it with great difficulty. Can anyone help me? Some tips on being creative would be good! Thanks a lot! Paul I'm going to study journalism because I want to work in TV. the work of collecting and writing news stories for newspapers, magazines, radio or television He started life as a teacher before turning to journalism. The job gave him his start in journalism. journalism In the first semester, everyone has to do a course called 'Creative Thinking and Writing'. (especially in the US) one of the two periods that the school or college year is divided into the spring/fall semester 春季 / 秋季学期 You should set an objective at the beginning of next semester. semester I'm scared that I'm going to look stupid and that I won't pass the course, or else, I'll only get through it with great difficulty. to manage to transport someone or something through difficulties or barriers I can only get through the situation with difficulty. The animals got through______________________with great difficulty. get through...with difficulty bitterly cold winter Reading 3. Read what Sarah writes in reply to Paul. How similar are her ideas to yours? THINKING OUTSIDE THE BOX 2. Work in pairs or in small groups. How would you reply to Paul's post? speaking speaking P 42 THINKING OUTSIDE THE BOX Hi Paul, I read your post and can completely relate to it. I've been in exactly the same situation - I even did a journalism course, just like you. So here are my thoughts. The first thing to say is that if the course is any good, it’ll start off by helping you with your problem! But I can understand why you're anxious. You say 'I'm not a creative person’. Look - everyone's creative! Denying your creativity is terrible. If you tell yourself you're not creative, you'll easily start to believe it. So, the first thing to do is: stop thinking like that! I'm no expert but I do want you to see that you are capable of thinking creatively. People sometimes talk about 'thinking outside the box' - you know, thinking in a different way - but actually, the only box is the way we've been brought up to see problems, A central obstacle to our ability THINKING OUTSIDE THE BOX to think outside the box is the assumption that there must always be a 'right' answer to a question or problem, and that Limits creative thinking. So, try to stop seeing things as 'right' or 'wrong’. Another problem is this: we come up with an idea and then we immediately think, 'Oh, that's no good'. We criticise our own thoughts and ideas before we give them a chance to grow! While you're thinking, just try to brainstorm ideas in an enjoyable way - then choose the best ideas later. And don't worry about looking stupid. If you try an idea and other people Laugh at it, that's their problem, not yours. Try to look at the course as a way to have fun. Work hard, don't hold yourself back, do everything with enthusiasm and you'll be fine. Anyway, enough from me. I hope these ideas help. Sarah THINKING OUTSIDE THE BOX tips on being creative • don't worry about looking stupid； • try to look at the course as a way to have fun; • don't criticise our own thoughts and ideas easily; •give them a chance to grow; • try to brainstorm ideas in an enjoyable way; • don’t deny our creativity,believe in everyone's creative • try to stop seeing things as 'right' or 'wrong’ I read your post and can completely relate to it. to feel a sense of kinship with or similarity to someone or something. I can relate to being a single parent. He is unable to relate to other people. relate to Denying your creativity is terrible. to say that sth is not true deny doing sth. 否定做某事 A spokeswoman for the government denied the rumours. He denies murdering his wife's lover. Denying your_________is terrible. deny talents Denying your creativity is terrible. the ability to create create v.创造 creation n.创造 creative adj.有创造力的 creatively adv.有创造力地 There may be a link between madness and creativity. I regard creativity both as a gift and as a skill. creativity I'm no expert but I do want you to see that you are capable of thinking creatively. having the ability or qualities necessary for doing sth He's quite capable of lying to get out of trouble. You are capable of better work than this. You are capable of_________________________________. be capable of coming up with a solution - you know, thinking in a different way - but actually, the only box is the way we've been brought up to see problems 从小就...生来就... In my day, children were brought up to respect the law. David was brought up to respect authority. Children are usually brought up to_____________________________. be brought up to do follow parents' advices. A central obstacle to our ability to think outside the box is the assumption that there must always be a 'right' answer to a question or problem. a situation, an event, etc. that makes it difficult for you to do or achieve sth The area was full of streams and other natural obstacles. So far, we have managed to overcome all the obstacles that have been placed in our path. obstacle a belief or feeling that sth is true or that sth will happen, although there is no proof We are working on the assumption that everyone invited will turn up. His actions were based on a false assumption. assumption A central obstacle to our ability to think outside the box is the assumption that there must always be a 'right' answer to a question or problem. A central obstacle to our ability to _________________________is the assumption that _________________________________________. A central obstacle to our ability to think outside the box is the assumption that there must always be a 'right' answer to a question or problem. achieve our dreams we are somehow inferior to others that there must always be a 'right' answer to a question or problem, and that limits creative thinking. to stop sth from increasing beyond a particular amount or level The amount of money you have to spend will limit your choice. I've limited myself to 1 000 calories a day to try and lose weight. limit We criticise our own thoughts and ideas before we give them a chance to grow! to say that you disapprove of sb/sth; to say what you do not like or think is wrong about sb/sth The decision was criticised by environmental groups. People often lose confidence when they are criticised. criticise While you're thinking, just try to brainstorm ideas in an enjoyable way - then choose the best ideas later. If you have a brainstorm, you suddenly have a clever idea. Brainstorming is a good way of coming up with ideas. We should get together and try to brainstorm a better idea. brainstorm Work hard, don't hold yourself back, do everything with enthusiasm and you'll be fine. To hold someone or something back means to prevent someone from doing something, or to prevent something from happening. The police had to use force to hold back the crowd. hold oneself back Work hard, don't hold yourself back, do everything with enthusiasm and you'll be fine. to do something with a strong feeling of interest and enjoyment about something and an eagerness to be involved in it He accepted the invitation with enthusiasm. I____________________with enthusiasm do sth. with enthusiasm made a speech Reading 4. Read the letters again. Mark the statements T (true) or F (false). THINKING OUTSIDE THE BOX 1 Paul intends to become a newspaper reporter. 2 Paul thinks he is going to fail his course. 3 Paul wants advice about how to be creative. 4 Sarah doesn't get why Paul is worried. 5 Sarah can see why Paul is worried. 6 Sarah believes that it is a bad thing to say you’re not creative. 7 Sarah thinks that problems have correct solutions. 8 Sarah thinks people shouldn't criticise their own ideas. F T T F T T F T He wants to work in TV. She says she can completely relate to his post. She thinks we shouldn't see things as‘right' or 'wrong’. P 42 Reading THINKING OUTSIDE THE BOX 1 If you were Paul, would you find Sarah's answer useful? Why (not)? 2 Which of her comments do you like most? Which do you like least? 5. Work with a partner. Discuss the questions. speaking speaking P 42 Adverbs and adverbial phrases GRAMMAR 1. For each sentence, put a letter in the box to say if the underlined adverb is an adverb of time (T), manner (M), place (P) or certainty (C). 0 I read your post and can completely relate to it. 1 I read about it recently. 2 This is definitely the best album they've ever made. 3 He'll probably win the prize. 4 You can buy most of the things you need locally. M T C C P P 43 Adverbs and adverbial phrases GRAMMAR 1. For each sentence, put a letter in the box to say if the underlined adverb is an adverb of time (T), manner (M), place (P) or certainty (C). 5 You are capable of thinking creatively. 6 We got home at nine o'clock. 7 This is possibly the best work I've ever done. 8 You can choose the best ideas later. 9 I applied for the course, and, surprisingly, they accepted me! M p C T M P 43 Adverbs and adverbial phrases GRAMMAR 2. Look back at Sarah's reply on page 42. What verbs do these words qualify? 1 completely 3 creatively 5 hard 2 easily 4 immediately relate start, believe think thinking work P 43 Adverbs and adverbial phrases GRAMMAR 3. Sometimes we use adverbial phrases instead of an adverb. Add the words below to lists A and B. Then choose the correct words to complete the rule. A in an enjoyable way in a horrible way in a different way in a _____________ way in an _______________ way in a ______________ way friendly | interesting | fear | surprise | strange | enthusiasm B with / without difficulty with / without excitement with / without interest with / without ____________ with / without ____________ with / without ____________ friendly interesting strange fear surprise enthusiasm P 43 Adverbs and adverbial phrases GRAMMAR 3. Sometimes we use adverbial phrases instead of an adverb. Add the words below to lists A and B. Then choose the correct words to complete the rule. RULE : We often form adverbial phrases with : ♦ in a / an + 1 noun / adjective way ♦ with / without + 2 noun / adjective P 43 Adverbs and adverbial phrases GRAMMAR 4. Complete the sentences. Use expressions from Exercise 3. There might be more than one possibility. 0 I really like football, so I went to the match with interest / enthusiasm / excitement. 1 The first time I met him, he looked at me in ____________________________________ . 2 The homework was easy - I did it without ____________________________________ . a friendly / strange / horrible way difficulty / interest / enthusiasm P 43 Adverbs and adverbial phrases GRAMMAR 4. Complete the sentences. Use expressions from Exercise 3. There might be more than one possibility. 3 Some of the people at the party were dressed in ____________________________________ . 4 It was a great programme and I watched it with ____________________________________ . 5 I dont really like parties, so I went to Cindy's without ____________________________________ . a/ an interesting / strange / different way excitement / interest / enthusiasm enthusiasm / excitement / interest P 43 Common adverbial phrases VOCABULARY without telling other people She worked on her novel in secret. in secret / ɪn ˈsiːkrət / Common adverbial phrases VOCABULARY one after another without a break He's been late for work four times in a row. in a row / rəʊ/ Common adverbial phrases VOCABULARY intentionally I think she destroyed the documents on purpose. on purpose /ˈpɜːpəs / Common adverbial phrases VOCABULARY in a way that is not calm and that shows you are worried or frightened They rushed around in a panic, trying to contact everyone. in a panic / ˈpænɪk / Common adverbial phrases VOCABULARY without being intended I deleted the wrong file by accident. by accident /ˈæksɪdənt / Common adverbial phrases VOCABULARY quickly It's obvious that they did this work in a hurry. in a hurry / ˈhʌri / Common adverbial phrases VOCABULARY in a place where nobody else can hear you or see what you are doing I'd like to speak with you in private. in private / ˈpraɪvət / Common adverbial phrases VOCABULARY in a place where other people can hear you and see what you are doing I don't think she would express those views in public. in public /ˈpʌblɪk / Common adverbial phrases VOCABULARY 1. Use words from the list to complete the definitions. If you do something ... 0 without other people knowing, you do it in secret . 1 that other people can hear or see, you do it __________________ . 2 that other people can't hear or see, you do it ___________________ . 3 that you intended to do, you do it _____________________ . in public in private on purpose in secret | in a row | on purpose | in a panic | by accident | in a hurry | in private | in public P 43 Common adverbial phrases VOCABULARY 1. Use words from the list to complete the definitions. 4 that you didn't want to do, you do it _________________ . 5 feeling stressed and without thinking properly, you do it _______________ . 6 quickly, you do it ________________ . 7 three times without a break, you do it three times ____________________ . by accident in a panic in a hurry in a row in secret | in a row | on purpose | in a panic | by accident | in a hurry | in private | in public P 43 Common adverbial phrases VOCABULARY 2. Choose the correct options to complete the sentences. 1 The two of us went into a room, alone, so that we could talk in a hurry / in private. 2 He broke my phone and I'm really angry. I'm sure he did it on purpose / in a panic. 3 You shouldn't have behaved that way in public / in private. Everyone was staring. 4 I woke up late four days in a row / by accident! 5 I was very late so I had to leave the house on purpose / in a hurry. 6 He was in secret / in a panic because he couldntfind his mobile phone. 7 I'm so sorry that I lost your papers - I left them on the bus on purpose / by accident. 8 She did it late at night in secret / in a panic. No one knew anything. P 43 Common adverbial phrases VOCABULARY 1 When were you last in a hurry? 2 What can you do five times in a row? 3 Give an example of something you did on purpose, and wish you hadn’t. 4 Give an example of something you got right by accident. 5 When was the last time you were in a panic? 3. Work with a partner. Discuss the questions. speaking speaking P 43 PHOTOSTORY : episode 2 1 Look at the photos and answer the questions. 0 1 Look at what the teacher has written on the board. What do you think the homework is? 2 How does Emma feel about the homework? 3 Do you think Justin is being helpful? Write’s block To write a story. She's anxious about it. No, he isn't being helpful. P 44 EMMA And she wants it by Friday! That's the day after tomorrow. I'll never come up with anything by then. An original story? Me? No chance. LIAM Sounds like you've given up without even trying. NICOLE Liam's right, Emma. I mean, come on, it can't be that hard, can it? EMMA An original story, five hundred words long? I think that's pretty hard. JUSTIN What's the ending again? EMMA Someone says, 'Thanks, you saved my life!' TEACHER OK, everyone, so this is what I want you to do by Friday, OK? A short story, of five hundred words. EMMA Five hundred words!? She can't be serious! TEACHER ... and the story has to end with the words, ' Thanks, you saved my life! ' EMMA What? This is awful. I can't do that, l’m hopeless at writing stories. TEACHER It has to be original, though. No using old stories and changing them a bit here and there. I want something that's yours and yours alone. Be creative! OK, end of lesson. Bye! EMMA OK, well this isn't getting me anywhere. And I've got to go home. I'm off - I'll see you lot later. And thanks for all the help, Justin! You're a real pal - not. JUSTIN Hey, what did I do? LIAM Well, you were a bit out of order, Justin. You can see that Emma's stressed out already, and you didn't exactly help, did you? JUSTIN OK, that's five words. So far, so good. All you need is another four hundred and ninety-five. EMMA You know, Justin, I may not be very good at creative writing but I can think of a few words for you right now! NICOLE OK, calm down. JUSTIN Well, I'm sorry, Emma. But you know, all you've got to do is think of a story you've read or a film you've seen... EMMA No, no, that's just it - it has to be original. LIAM Well, there must be some stories she's never read. EMMA You don't know Miss Jenkins. She's read every book, seen every film... JUSTIN Why don't you write a story about a girl who's got to write a story, and her friends give her a great idea and then she says 'Thanks, you saved my life!' The hero could be a really cool guy called Justin. NICOLE Give it a rest, Justin! developing speaking 3. Work in pairs. Discuss what happens next in the story. Write down your ideas. We think Emma watches a film and gets an idea. P 45 developing speaking 5. Match the sentence beginnings and endings. 1 Emma sees a woman who 2 The woman works for 3 The woman is desperate because 4 Emma tries to help 5 When Emma gets an idea 6 Emma gets the keys out 7 Emma's really happy about a but she can't get the keys out. b the last thing the woman says. c is looking for something. d using something she got at a shop. e the owner of an art gallery. f she goes to a shop nearby. g she hasn't got a spare set of keys. c e g a f d b P 45 developing speaking 1. Find these expressions in the photostory. Who says them? How do you say them in your language? 1 (She) can't be serious. 2 (What's the ending) again? 3 Calm down. 4 That’s just it. 5 Give it a rest. 6 (You were a bit) out of order. PHRASES FOR FLUENCY Emma Justin Nicole Emma Nicole Liam P 45 developing speaking 2. Use the expressions in Exercise 1 to complete the sentences. 1 I know you told me before, but what's your name ______________ ? 2 A Let’s go for a walk in the park. B A walk in the park? You ___________________ ! It’s raining! 3 A Come on, we're late! B ______________ , we're not late at all, we’ve got another fifteen minutes. 4 A Your hair looks really stupid! B Oh, ________________ , Michelle. l’m tired of how you criticise me all the time. You're really ______________ , you know? 5 A I don’t feel like going out. Let’s stay here and watch TV. B ______________ . You never want to go out. PHRASES FOR FLUENCY again can't be serious Calm down give it a rest out of order That's just it P 45 developing speaking 0 The lights have stopped animals coming to the farm for good . 1 I'm ___________________ creative thinking. 2 That's five words. _______________ . 3 She gave me an A minus, best I’ve ever got! So _______________ . 4 ___________________ . I just can't get the keys out. 5 ___________________ . Emma's such a nice person. 1. Use the phrases in the list to complete these sentences from the unit so far. Expressions with good not very good at word wise So far, so good. it's all good. It's no good It's a good thing P 45 developing speaking 1 for ever 2 lt’s not successful. 3 Everything is all right. 4 We have started but not finished, but everything has been OK until now. 5 not talented at 6 I'm/We're/You're lucky that... 2. Which phrase means: Expressions with good word wise for good It's no good. It's all good. So far, so good. not very good at It's a good thing P 45 1. Read the photostory again. Which of these things does Emma not say? What do all the sentences have in common? Functions Expressing frustration 1 I can't (do that). 5 l give up. 2 I'm hopeless (at ... ) 6 I'll never (come up with anything). 3 This is hopeless! 7 This is pointless. 4 No chance. She doesn't say 2, 3, 5 or 6. The sentences all express a negative opinion about personal ability or a situation. P 45 2. Think about the woman who loses her keys. Write three things she might have thought using the expressions in Exercise 1. Functions Expressing frustration l’ll never get the keys out. P 45 Writing A story Write a story. The story must end with the words: "Thanks, you saved my life!' Write 120 - 150 words. P 45 null, track 1 2016 178007.92 Lavf58.76.100 Downloaded using YoutubeDownloader (https://github.com/Tyrrrz/YoutubeDownloader) Video: Kenya's youngest patented inventor Richard Turere speaks of his invention Lion Lights Video URL: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=muylRuIeTC0 Channel: NTV Kenya Channel URL: https://www.youtube.com/channel/UCqBJ47FjJcl61fmSbcadAVg Kenya Kenya La música de los dioses, volumen IV Lavf58.45.100 Lavf58.45.100 Lavf58.45.100 Alice.In.Wonderland.1951.1080p.BluRay.H264.AAC-RARBG Lavf58.45.100 Alice.In.Wonderland.1951.1080p.BluRay.H264.AAC-RARBG Lavf58.45.100 Lavf58.45.100 Lavf58.45.100 Lavf58.45.100 Lavf58.45.100 Lavf58.45.100 Lavf58.45.100 Lavf58.45.100 null, track 1 2016 123824.68 Lavf58.45.100 Lavf58.45.100 Lavf58.45.100 Lavf58.45.100 Lavf58.45.100 Central Park (2020) S01E09 (4Kto1080p ATVP Webrip x265 10bit EAC3 5.1 Atmos - Goki)[TAoE].mkv Lavf58.45.100 Lavf58.45.100 Tylor Tuskmon graduates from Monsters University School of Scaring at the top of his class, eager to begin his career as a Scarer at Monsters, Inc. Unfortunately, his first day of work is the same day the factory switches from scare power to laugh power – they no longer need Scarers, they need Jokesters!  And Mike and Sulley, who are now in charge, have a problem: how do they make all these scary monsters funny?  While they figure this out, all the Scarers are temporarily reassigned to other jobs, including a frustrated Tylor… who is assigned to an offbeat crew known as MIFT, the Monsters, Inc. Facilities Team. MIFT is the team of monsters behind the monsters, the crew that keeps Monsters Incorporated running. Lavf58.45.100 null, track 1 2016 163848.17 $$