选择性必修第三册 UNIT 8 LITERATURE-【金版教程】2025年高考英语一轮复习解决方案全书word（新教材，北师大版）

金版教程　高考科学复习解决方案　英语[S] 一　词汇过关测＋练 1．absorbing　ab­ 去掉，离去＋sorb 吸收，吸收掉＋­ing形容词后缀→被吸收；引申为十分吸引人的；引人入胜的 2．contradictory　contra­ 反对，相反＋dict 说＋­ory……的→反着说的；引申为矛盾的；抵触的 3．submit　sub­ 下＋­mit送→送下去；引申为呈送，提交，呈递 4．nonsense　non­ 不，没有＋sense 感觉→没有感觉的看法；引申为胡说，废话；荒谬的想法(看法) 5．comfort　com­ 表示加强＋ fort 强壮→使(精神)强大；引申为安慰，抚慰；舒适感，满足感 1．era n. 时代，年代 2．structure n. 结构，构造；建筑物，结构体 3．glance n. 一瞥，很快的一看　vi. 一瞥，看一眼 4．poetry n. 诗，诗歌；诗情，诗意 5．subjective adj. 主观的；主语的 6．preservation n. 维护；保护；保持，维持；保存 7．recite vi.& vt. 背诵；朗诵 8．literary adj. 文学的 9．sweep n. 挥动；打扫　vt.& vi. 扫，打扫 10．rhyme n. 押韵 11．tone n. (说话的)语气，口气，腔调；(尤指乐器或说话的)音调，音色，音质 12．shelf n. 搁板，架子 13．registration n. 登记，注册 14．icy adj. 极冷的；被冰覆盖的 15．stare vt. 凝视，盯着看 16．blank adj. 空白的　n. (纸张上的)空白处，空格 17．drown vi.& vt. (使)淹死，(使)溺毙 18．blanket n. 毯子，毛毯 19．stretch vi.& vt. 延伸，绵延；(使)变大； (使)变松；拉长 20．polished adj. 擦亮的，磨光的；精湛的；精致的 21．aside adv. 到旁边，在旁边 22．sail vi.& vt. (乘船)航行 23．slip vi. 溜走，悄悄地走；滑倒 24．disbelief n. 不信，怀疑 25．inch n. 英寸 26．solitude n. 独处，独居 27．wave n. 海浪，波涛；(行为、活动或感情的)一阵，风潮　vi.& vt. 挥动，摆动；挥手 28．poet n. 诗人 29．mystery n. 难以理解的事物，谜；悬疑故事 30．sink vi.& vt. 下沉，沉没 31．unconscious adj. 不省人事的，失去知觉的 32．ease n. 轻易，毫不费劲 33．grab vt. 攫取，抓住 34．strike vi. & vt. 打，击，撞；突然发生不幸　n. 罢工；打击 35．fetch vt. (去)请来；(去)拿来；(去)找来 36．bounce vi.& vt. (使)弹起，(使)反弹 37．curtain n. 窗帘；门帘；帘子 38．aboard prep.& adv. 在(船，飞机，火车)上；上(船，飞机，火车) 39．scholar n. 有学问的人；学者 40．forgive vi.& vt. 原谅，宽恕，饶恕 1．(2024·天津市北京师范大学静海附属学校高三质量检测)As I took a glance (一瞥) at my neighbor's house, I saw a flame in his kitchen. 2．His fourth novel is a murder mystery (悬疑故事) set in London. 3．(译林XB3­U1)I returned to the car and fetched (去拿来) more possessions. 4．(2024·广东江门高三质量检测)Do you need the discipline of a structure (构造) work environment to do your best? 5．(2023 ·北京高考)Mangroves can help soften waves (海浪) and protect cities from coastal winds. 6．(2024·广东部分学校高三联考)They unhappily stared (凝视) at me as Luis re­entered the room. 7．(外研B3­U1)Try to forgive (原谅) someone when they apologise. It's not easy for anyone to say sorry. 8．Her literary (文学的) criticism focuses on the way great literature suggests ideas. 9．(2024·广东七校联合体高三联考)You will join an international crew aboard (在船上) a sailboat to work for the protection of our seas. 10．(2024·重庆渝北中学高三月考)Life without spirit is like sailing (航行) without a compass, so be a true winner and you will find its importance. 1．stimulate vt. 刺激，促使，促进→stimulation n. 激励；鼓舞→stimulating adj. 使人兴奋的；饶有趣味的 2．adventure n. 历险，奇遇→adventurous adj. 勇于冒险的，敢于创新的 3．desperate adj. 拼命的，绝望的→desperately adv. 拼命地，绝望地→desperation n. 绝望；拼命，不顾一切 4．detect vt. 侦探→detective n. 侦探，警探→detection n. 侦查；探测 5．drama n. 戏剧；戏剧表演；戏剧性事件→dramatic adj. 激动人心的；给人深刻印象的；巨大而突然的；表演的，戏剧的→dramatically adv. 显著地；戏剧性地 6．romance n. 爱情故事；罗曼史；爱情→romantic adj. 浪漫的；富于浪漫色彩的；传奇性的 7．continue vi.& vt. 继续→continuous adj. 持续的，不间断的，连续的→continuously adv. 持续地，连续地→continuation n. 延续，继续部分 8．contradict vi.& vt. 与……矛盾→contradictory adj. 矛盾的；抵触的→contradiction n. 矛盾；对立；抵触 9．violence n. 暴力，暴行→violent adj. 强烈的；暴力的，强暴的→violently adv. 猛烈地，厉害地 10．poison n. 毒药，毒素，毒物　vt. 下毒；毒害；毒杀→poisonous adj. 有毒的 11．freeze vi. 结冰→freezing adj. 极冷的→frozen adj. (河、湖等)结冰的；冷冻的，冷藏的 12．evident adj. 明显的→evidently adv. 明显地，显然→evidence n. 证据，证明 13．noble adj. 高尚的，崇高的；贵族的→nobly adv. 高尚地，崇高地；高贵地 14．history n. 历史；沿革，发展过程→historical adj. 历史的→historic adj. 历史上重要的；有史时期的→historically adv. 关于历史事件，从历史观点上说 15．comfort vt. 安慰，抚慰　n. 舒适感，满足感→comfortable adj. 舒服的，舒适的→comfortably adv. 舒服地，舒适地 16．submit vt. 呈送，提交，呈递→submission n. 服从；提交，呈递；投降；意见 17．construct vt. 建造→construction n. 建筑物；建造物；建造，建筑→constructive adj. 建设性的；有益的 18．absorb vt. 吸引→absorbed adj. 投入的；全神贯注的→absorbing adj. 十分吸引人的，引人入胜的 19．fantasy n. 幻想作品；幻想，想象；空想→fantastic adj. 怪诞的；绝妙的 20．emotion n. 强烈的情感，激情→emotional adj. 情绪的，情感的；敏感的；情绪激动的→emotionally adv. 感情上；情绪上 1．Environmental awareness has increased dramatically over the past decade. Do you know what accounts for the dramatic change？(drama) 2．He loves the romance of travelling on a steam train. He also loves the evenings they go for a romantic walk along the beach.(romance) 3．Steve's favourite fantasy was to own a big house and a fantastic car.(fantasy) 4．Jackie was too absorbed in his book that he didn't even notice me come in. When I read the book, I also found it very absorbing．(absorb) 5．These tennis shoes are designed for comfort and performance but low­heeled comfortable shoes are best.(comfort) 6．It's freezing cold outside, so I had to go back to put on a warmer overcoat in case of being frozen. (freeze) 7．Evidently,__they lacked evidence to prove his talent. Later, it became evident that he was qualified for the job.(evident) 8．A new library is currently under construction,__of which the walls are constructed of stone. (construct) 9．The material is poisonous because it contains poison which may cause death. (poison) 10．His followers believe they are fighting for a noble cause. They serve their country nobly．(noble) 1 tone [熟义]　n. (说话的)语气，口气，腔调 [生义]　n. (尤指乐器或说话的)音调，音色，音质 I've called him several times but I keep getting the engaged tone. 我已经给他打了几次电话，但每次听到的都是忙音。 2 blanket [熟义]　n. 毯子，毛毯 [生义]　vt. 以厚层覆盖 Outside the fields were blanketed in fog. 外面，田野被浓雾笼罩着。 3 sail [熟义]　v. (乘船)航行 [生义]　v. 飘；轻快地移动；(人)自信地行走 ①The ball went sailing over the fence. 球飞过了花园的围栏。 ②He wasn't looking where he was going, and just sailed straight into her. 他走路时没有注意，和她撞个正着。 4 inch [熟义]　n. 英寸 [生义]　v. 缓慢地移动 He inched his way through the narrow passage. 他缓慢地移动，穿过狭窄的通道。 小积累 1.“引人入胜”家族 ①absorbing adj. 吸引人的，引人入胜的 ②appealing adj. 引人入胜的 ③inviting adj. 诱人的 ④attractive adj. 吸引人的 ⑤draw/attract one's attention 吸引某人的注意力 2.“看”聚焦 ①look at看着…… ②stare at 盯着 ③glare at 瞪着 ④glance at瞥一下 ⑤gaze at 凝视 ⑥have a glimpse at 瞥一下 3.表示程度上“非常” ①greatly非常；极大地 ②significantly有重大意义地；显著地 ③considerably 相当，非常 ④strikingly 醒目地，惊人地 ⑤impressively令人难忘地；印象深刻地 二　语块过关测＋练 1．prefer__to__do__sth 更喜欢做某事 2．in__an__attempt__to__do__sth 企图做某事 3．hear__of 听说，获悉 4．a__part__of ……的一部分 5．take__...__for__granted 视……为理所当然(而对其不重视) 6．pretend__to__do__sth 假装做某事 7．as__well__as 还有……，和 8．make__up__one's__mind 下决心；决定 9．hunt__for__sth 寻找某物 10．long__to__do__sth 渴望做某事 1．(2024·湘豫名校高三检测)How did Santini feel when hearing__of Care at Home? 2．(2024·广东省四校联考高三月考)One vitamin that is vital for good health in so many ways but is too often taken__for__granted is vitamin D. 3．(2024·浙江绍兴高三模拟预测)The students' interest and enthusiasm for western painting have been greatly improved, and some students even make__up__their__minds to go abroad to learn Western painting. 4．(外研B2­U3)This includes keeping the original environment from being touched, as__well__as adopting new, sustainable ways of feeding farm animals. 5．(2024·重庆高三月考)Most Americans prefer__to travel within their own nation's borders. 三　句式迁移练 1．find sb doing sth “发现某人正在做某事”结构 【迁移创新】I__found__myself__having__more__fun than I had had in years. 我发现自己多年来从未玩得这样开心过。 2．so ... as to do “如此……以至于”结构 【迁移创新】Would you be so__kind__as__to__lock the door when you leave? 您离开时请您费心把门锁上好吗？ 3．否定副词nor置于句首，用部分倒装语序 【迁移创新】But we didn't stop at any toy store. Nor did__we__finally__see anyone we knew. 但我们没有在任何玩具店停留。我们最终也没有看见任何我们认识的人。 4．then置于句首，句子全部倒装 【迁移创新】Then came__the__bill and my friend paid up without delay. 然后账单来了，我朋友马上结了账。 Ⅰ　忆课文·语篇理解 Greenwich Village is a place __1__ the art people gathered. Sue and Johnsy had their studio there. Mr Pneumonia, arrived in Greenwich Village and __2__ (fall) on Johnsy. The doctor said to Sue, “She has one chance in ten. Try __3__ (encourage) her.” Sue began painting to raise Johnsy's __4__ (spirit). Johnsy didn't watch her but stared out the window. “There are only five leaves on the ivy vine. When the last one __5__ (fall), I must go.” Sue told her neighbour Behrman about Johnsy's words. Behrman cried with __6__ (belief). “Are there people that foolish to think they'll die because leaves drop off？” 　Behrman and Sue noticed there was one remaining leaf. The next morning, Johnsy asked for the curtains to be opened. The following day, Johnsy asked __7__ same thing. The leaf still there! 　The doctor visited, “Even chances for you. I must see a Pneumonia fellow, Behrman. Hopeless for him.” The next day, Sue told Johnsy, “Mr Behrman died. The janitor found him __8__ (lie) in bed helplessly yesterday morning. __9__ (he) shoes and clothing were wet­through. The last ivy leaf? It's Behrman's masterpiece—he painted it the night __10__ the last leaf fell.” 1．________　2.________　3.________　4.________　5.________　6.________　7.________　8.________　9．________　10.________ 答案：1.where　2.fell　3.to encourage　4.spirits　5.falls　6.disbelief　7.the　8.lying　9.His　10.when The crash was __1__ violent that I have no recollection of falling from the boat. I was lost. “Help！” I shouted. I felt myself drawn up to the surface of the sea. I grabbed my __2__ (faith) Conseil's arm with one hand. 　Conseil was calm. I felt terribly tired. Conseil had to keep __3__ (I) up. “Help！” cried Conseil. It seemed to me as if a cry answered him. I had no __4__ (strong) left, became colder and colder and sank. At this moment a hard body __5__ (strike) me. I held onto it; I __6__ (bring) to the surface, unconscious. I woke __7__ and saw a familiar face. “Ned！” I cried. “Were you thrown into the sea when the boat crashed？” “Yes. I was able __8__ (find) safety upon this island on this large whale. I soon found out why my weapon had not entered its skin, but bounced off. Because that creature is made of steel.” It was hard and solid, nothing like __9__ animal. I searched all over for an opening, __10__ found nothing. At last this long night passed. Daybreak appeared. 1．________　2.________　3.________　4.________　5.________　6.________　7.________　8.________　9．________　10.________ 答案：1.so　2.faithful　3.me　4.strength　5.struck　6.was brought　7.up　8.to find　9.an　10.but Ⅱ　学思悟·重点突破 1　 submit vt. 呈送，提交，呈递(☞submission n. 服从；提交；投降；谦恭) 【知识归纳】 (1)submit to 服从于；屈从于 submit sb/oneself to 使某人/自己甘受……；服从…… submit ... to ... 向……提交…… (2)in submission to parents' demands 服从家长的要求 the deadline for submissions 提交的截止日期 【语用点拨】 ①The final deadline for submissions is 21 February. 最后截止日期为2月21日。(邀请信) ②You must submit your application before 1 January.申请须于1月1日前提交。(通知) ③No date has yet been set for the submission of applications.提交申请的日期还未确定。(告知信) 【语境运用】单句语法填空/完成句子 ①They submitted (submit) their reports to the headmaster yesterday. ②In desperation, Mrs Jones submitted to an operation on her right knee to relieve the pain. ③(2023·新课标Ⅱ卷)The researchers then examined these submissions (submit), coding (编码) experiences into different categories. ④我已经要求过将他的提议提交到特别委员会。 I have asked that__his__proposal__(should)be__submitted to a special committee. 2　stare vt. 凝视，盯着看　n. 盯，凝视，注视 【知识归纳】 (1)stare at 盯，凝视 stare into 向……凝视 stare out of 向外凝视 (2)give sb a stare 盯着某人 meet/return one's stare 回看某人 a hard stare 狠狠地瞪一眼 【语用点拨】 ①I stared at the page for several minutes, tried to understand it but failed. 我盯着那页看了几分钟，尝试去理解它，但失败了。(求助信) ②Don't stare at people like that; it's rude.不要像那样盯着人看，那是不礼貌的。(建议信) ③Chuck sat quietly for hours staring into the distance, thinking of what might have been.查克静静地坐了几个小时，凝视着远方，思考着可能发生的事情。(心理描写) 【语境运用】单句语法填空/完成句子 ①What my children want to do after school is pick up a screen—any screen—and stare at it for hours. ②Many pass the daytime hours in long corridors furnished with chairs, where they chat or simply stare into the distance. ③她面无表情地盯着那官员，耸了耸肩。 She gave__the__officer__a__blank__stare and shrugged her shoulders. 3　 blank adj. 空白的；没表情的；不理解的；完全的，彻底的　n. (纸张上的)空白处，空格　v. 毫不理睬；突然忘掉/思路模糊 【知识归纳】 (1)go blank 变得一片空白 a blank sheet of paper 一张白纸 a blank computer screen 空白的电脑屏幕 a blank stare/expression 茫然的凝视/木然的表情 a blank refusal/denial 彻底拒绝/否认 blank incomprehension 茫然不解 (2)fill in the blanks 填空 (3)blank sth out 遮住；涂掉；抹去记忆；刻意忘记 【语用点拨】 ①Just as the film was starting, the screen went blank. 电影刚开始，屏幕变得一片空白。(情景描写) ②Sign your name in the blank space at the bottom of the form.在表格底部的空白处签名。(告知信) ③Her face was a cold blank mask. 她装出一副冷冰冰毫无表情的样子。(神态描写) 【语境运用】单句语法填空/完成句子 ①Fill in all the blanks (blank) on this form and submit it to the Student Union tomorrow. ②There may be a traumatic incident in your past that you have__blanked (blank) out. ③我的脑子突然一片空白，因为我沉浸在我自己的想法里，完全忘记了我的台词。 My mind suddenly went__blank as I was immersed in my thoughts and totally forgot my lines. 4　aside adv. 到旁边，在旁边 【知识归纳】 aside from 除……之外(还) set aside 储蓄；流出；把……暂且放在一边 move aside 挪到一边 step aside 站到一边 put sth aside 留出；省出；把……暂且放到一边 leave sth aside 把……暂且放到一边 【语用点拨】 ①Let's leave that matter aside for now and talk about the more urgent problem facing us. 让我们暂时把这件事放在一边，谈谈我们面临的更紧迫的问题。(倡议书) ②I hardly watch any television, aside from news and current affairs. 除了看看新闻和时事，我很少看电视。(建议信) ③She had been standing in the doorway, but now she stepped aside to let them pass.她一直站在门道里，不过现在她站到一边让他们过去。(动作描写) 【语境运用】完成句子 ①为了买一部新手机，每周我都会存一些钱。 Every week I put/set__aside some money for a new mobile phone. ②The neighboring buildings would have to move__aside (挪到一边)． ③除了现代作品，多西还致力于创作造福穷人的作品。 Aside__from his modern works, Doshi was devoted to creating works to benefit the poor. 5　 fetch vt. (去)请来；(去)拿来；(去)找来；去接(某人)；售得，卖得 【知识归纳】 fetch sb sth＝fetch sth for sb 帮某人去取某物 fetch sb/sth from sth 从某处接某人/取某物 fetch up 偶然到来，意外到达 fetch and carry (for sb) (供某人)差遣 【语用点拨】 ①Could you fetch me my glasses/fetch my glasses for me from the other room, please？请你去另一个房间帮我把眼镜拿过来好吗？(请求表述) ②She fetched another chair from the dining room. 她从餐厅拿来另一把椅子。(动作描写) ③He fetches the children from school on Mondays and Fridays. 他在每周的星期一和星期五从学校接孩子们放学。(事件描述) 【语境运用】单句语法填空/完成句子 ①Sylvia fetched a towel from the bathroom. ②He expects his daughter to fetch and carry for him all day. ③车开了整整一小时后，我们意外回到了出发的地方。 After a whole hour of driving, we fetched__up back where we started. ④汽车的其他部件也能卖一大笔钱。 Other parts of the car can also fetch__a__pretty__penny． 6　 slip vi. 溜走，悄悄地走；滑倒(☞slippery adj. 湿滑的，容易打滑的；狡猾的) 【知识归纳】 (1)slip away 消失；逝去；消亡；死去 slip by飞掠而过；悄悄通过；不知不觉地流逝 slip out 无意中说出(或泄露)；溜出 slip into 陷入；渐渐养成；使滑入 (2)slippery soap 湿滑的肥皂 a slippery floor 湿滑的地板 a slippery customer 狡猾的家伙 【语用点拨】 ①The road was wet and slippery.道路又湿又滑。(环境描写) ②When the sun slipped behind the mountains, it shed a rosy glow all around them.当太阳隐没在山的后面，它散发出玫瑰色的光芒，环绕着它们。(景色描写) ③He's as slippery as an eel—you can never get a straight answer out of him.他非常滑头——你永远无法从他嘴里得到直接的回答。(人物描写) 【语境运用】单句语法填空/完成句子 ①She slipped (slip) over on the ice and broke her leg. ②My hands were slippery (slip) with sweat when the snake approached us through the grass. ③Whether we like it or not, days bleed into one another and weeks slip by quickly. ④那晚剩下的时间就这么溜走了，都在询问我的秘方。 The rest of the night slipped__away,__filled with inquiries about my secret recipe. 7 wander vi.& vt. 徘徊，闲逛；漫步于；走神 【知识归纳】 wander about 在……徘徊；闲逛 wander through 穿过 wander from/off 从……偏离 【语用点拨】 ①If you have a point to make, do keep in mind that your mind avoids wandering. 如果你需要表明你的观点， 一定记住避免走神。(建议信) ②She was found several hours later, wandering the streets, lost.几个小时后她被找到了，她迷路了，正在街上徘徊。(人物描写) ③We've wandered off/from the point somewhat.我们有点偏题了。(观点陈述) 【语境运用】单句语法填空/完成句子 ①He and his son wander through/about the Old City of Jerusalem, snapping photos as they go. ②Multitasking makes our minds wander from/off the tasks we think we are getting done. ③You shouldn't wander__about__outside (在外面闲逛) all day long, and it's time to get a fixed job. 8 sink vi.& vt. 下沉，沉没　v. 下陷；(使)下沉；挖，掘；(心情)沮丧；猛喝；用牙咬 【知识归纳】 sink in/into ... 逐渐渗入/陷入…… sink one's teeth into ... 叼着 sink a battleship 击沉一艘军舰 sink a bottle of wine 喝一瓶葡萄酒 one's heart sinks 某人的心沉了(表示难过)；消沉，泄气 【语用点拨】 ①The sun glowed red as it sank slowly below the horizon.太阳缓缓下沉到地平线以下，发出红色的余晖。(景色描写) ②He sank into deep despair when he lost his job.失业后，他极其绝望。(心理描写) ③Sinking more wells is the best way of supplying the population with clean drinking water.要为人们提供清洁的饮用水，最好的方法是挖更多的井。(建议信) 【语境运用】单句语法填空/完成句子 ①The legs of the garden chair sank into the soft ground. ②The dog sank her teeth into the ball and ran off with it. ③You'd better wipe up that coffee you spilled on the carpet before it sinks in． ④当从池边松开手的时候，她就沉到水下了。 When letting go of the side of the pool, she sank__under__the__water． 9 strike vi.& vt. 打，击，撞；突然发生不幸；突然想到　n. 罢工；打击(☞striking adj. 惊人的；异常的 ☞strikingly adv. 显著地，突出地，引人注目地) 【知识归纳】 (1)strike sb with sth 用某物袭击某人 strike a match 划火柴 It strikes/struck sb that ... 某人突然想起 be struck by 被……打动/迷惑 strike a balance 两者兼顾；达到平衡 (2)be/go on strike 罢工 (3)most strikingly 最引人注目的是 【语用点拨】 ①I can't help being struck by your kindness. 我禁不住被你的善良打动。(感谢信) ②He bent and struck a match on the sole of his boot.他俯下身，在靴底上划了一根火柴。(动作描写) ③Her latest novel is strikingly different from her earlier work.她最新的小说与她早期的作品截然不同。(人物描写) 【名师点津】表示“打；击”的词语：beat “(连续地)打”； hit“打；撞击； 击中”； pound“用力击打”。 【语境运用】单句语法填空/完成句子 ①I was struck by her resemblance to my aunt. ②l didn't really care about my mind and my body until they decided to go on strike. ③It strikes me that I forgot to hand in my homework, which makes me very anxious. ④The hurricane­prep tips will give you peace of mind when__the__disaster__strikes (当灾难发生时)． 10 take ... for granted 视……为理所当然(而对其不重视) 【知识归纳】 在take it for granted that ... 句式中， it为形式宾语，指代的是that引导的宾语从句。 【语境运用】单句语法填空/完成句子 ①When you take something for granted, it often goes the way you would never have imagined of. ②I take it for granted that parents should do everything for us, which is wrong. ③我成年后，发现自己对大多数人认为是理所当然的事知之甚少。 I came into adult life clueless about a lot of things that__most__people__take__for__granted． 11 “so ... as to do(如此……以至于)”结构 【知识归纳】 (1)表示结果的句型：so that 因此；所以 so ... that .../such ... that ... 如此……以至于 (2)表示目的的用法 in order to/so as to ...：in order to可以放在句首或句中，否定形式是in order not to; so as to不放在句首，否定形式是so as not to。 【语境运用】单句语法填空/完成句子 ①These tests were so seriously flawed as to__make (make) the results meaningless. ②他们给她带来了肉，这样她就再也不用挨饿了。 They brought her meat so__that__she__never__went__hungry． ③Every student studied hard in__order/so__as__not__to__be__left__behind (为了不落后于) by other students. 12 否定副词nor置于句首，用倒装语序 【知识归纳】 当含有否定意义的词或短语置于句首时，句子需用部分倒装，即助动词、情态动词或系动词be移至主语之前。这样的词或短语有never, neither, nor, not, seldom, little, hardly, rarely, scarcely, at no time, by no means, in no way等。 【语境运用】单句语法填空/完成句子 ①Seldom does he lose faith when he is in trouble. ②在现代城市中你从未见过如此美丽的风景。 Never__have__you__seen such an wonderful scene in modern city. ③—None of us has any idea how long we're going to be here. —Nor__do__I (我也不知道)． Ⅲ　语基过关检测 维度一　单句语法填空 1．(2023·全国乙卷)I tend to travel with a few of my friends to state parks or to the countryside to go on adventures (adventure) and take photos along the way. 2．(2024·浙江强基联盟高三模拟)The two brothers also share an interest in historical (history) monuments, and the Great Wall in particular. 3．(外研XB1­U2)Parallelism as a literary (literature) device is the use of expressions, clauses or sentences that are similar in their structure. 4．The snow had melted, but the lake was still frozen (freeze) solid. 5．(2023·新课标Ⅰ卷)Xiao long bao (soup dumplings), those amazing constructions (construct) of delicate dumpling wrappers, encasing hot, tasty soup and sweet, fresh meat, are far and away my favorite Chinese street food. 6．(译林XB1­U1)Comfort food tastes good and by building an emotional (emotion) bond with our happy memories, always makes us feel good. 7．(2024·广东广州高三质量检测)Evidently (evident) early humans tamed wolves and domesticated them, eventually selectively breeding them and finally developing the domestic dog from them. 8．He was so weak that he could hardly stand up. 9．If they have problems with registration (register), please let me know. 10．(2023·全国甲卷)By the early 1970s, after centuries of cruel and continuous (continue) hunting by settlers, 600 to 800 grizzlies remained on a mere 2 percent of their former range in the Northern Rockies. 维度二　语篇练习 根据提示，运用本单元的词汇、短语及句式或使用词汇的正确形式完成下面的语篇。 ①As__a__literature__lover (作为一个文学爱好者), I have been exposed to many novels, among which Jane Eyre is ②evidently (显然) my favorite. Let me tell you why. First of all, it has been ③one__of__the__most__absorbing__novels (最吸引人的小说之一) that are widely read all over the world since it was published. Second, it tells the story of a poor girl who ④made__up__her__mind (下决心) to live independently by ⑤continuous (持续的) hard work. I was struck by the book because it conveys a positive message to the readers by telling the story of Jane Eyre: if we learn to depend on ourselves, we can ⑥live__a__stimulating__life (过着让人兴奋的生活)． What is your favorite literary work? ⑦Longing__to (期待) hear from you. Ⅳ　读写用·素养提升 维度一　一词多义/熟词生义 (一)根据语境选出加黑词tone的含义 A．n. (说话的)语气，口气，腔调　B．n. (尤指乐器或说话的)音调，音色，音质 1．Cross could hear him speaking in low tones to Sarah. ________ 2．It wasn't so much what she said that annoyed me—it was her tone. ________ 答案：1.B　2.A (二)根据语境选出加黑词blanket的含义 A．n. 毯子，毛毯　B．vt. 以厚层覆盖 1．More than a foot of snow blanketed parts of Michigan. ________ 2．She wrapped the baby in a blanket. ________ 答案：1.B　2.A 维度二　构词法 (2023·全国乙卷)To make some of my landscape shots, I have traveled up to four hours away to shoot within a 10－minute time frame. I tend to travel with a few of my friends to state parks or to the countryside to go on adventures and take photos along the way. 派生词：前缀ad­表示向……方向，加强；vent指“来”“出现”或“发生”；­ture为名词后缀，意为行为，状态，adventure意为历险，奇遇。 维度三　长难句分析 (2023 ·新课标Ⅱ卷)They talk to the flood of international tourists and to visiting Chinese zookeepers who often come to check on the pandas, which are on loan from China. 一划主干：They__talk__to__the__tourists__and____zookeepers。 二括修饰： who引导定语从句；which引导非限制性定语从句。 三会意：他们与大量的国际游客和来访的中国动物园管理员交谈，这些动物园管理员经常来检查从中国借来的大熊猫。 维度四　写作提能 完成句子/词汇升级/一句多译 1．这项运动将鼓励人们经常锻炼。(推荐信) The campaign will encourage__people__to__take__exercise regularly. 2．She stared back at him with__disbelief (难以置信地). (人物描写) 3．为了赶上截止日期，经理指示这个月底前完成这项任务。(通知) The manager instructed the task to be completed by the end of the month in__order/so__as__to catch the deadline. 4．If they know the cause of the problem, they will be able to know how to prevent it happening again.(征文)figure__out 5．简渴望星期天见到她的父母。 Jane is__longing__to__see her parents on Sunday. ＝Jane is__eager__to__see her parents on Sunday. ＝Jane is__dying__to__see her parents on Sunday. ＝Jane is__looking__forward__to__seeing her parents on Sunday. 课时作业 Ⅰ.阅读 A (2024·湖北省宜荆等四地高三联考)Books teach us about truth, science, literature, friendship and the value of love and caring. Here are 4 books you should read at least once in your life. 1.Charlotte's Web by E．B.White 　Charlotte's Web is a novel about a pig named Wilbur and a spider named Charlotte written by American author E．B.White. It first came out in 1952, with illustrations by Garth Williams. A live­action film version was published in 2006. White's novel is a lesson for children and a reminder for adults of the beauty of nature and the importance of respecting every creature on this earth. 2.The Little Prince by Antoine de Saint­Exupéry 　The most­translated book in French, The Little Prince is the story of a little boy who falls to Earth from a minor planet to try to understand mankind. In his travels he meets a series of strange and delightful characters. It is a fable about the foolishness of man and man's tendency toward self­destruction, as well as the transformative power of friendship and trust. 3.The Kite Runner by Khaled Hosseini 　The Kite Runner is the story of the unlikely and complicated friendship between Amir, the son of a wealthy merchant, and Hassan, the son of his father's servant. Hosseini brings his homeland to life for us, showing us a world of ordinary people, the enduring love of friendship, and the power of forgiveness. 4.Required Reading for All Teenagers by Douglas Pagels 　 Much­loved for its mix of heartfelt thoughts, Required Reading for All Teenagers combines the words of Douglas Pagels with the writings of famous people from the fields of sports. Now in a redesigned version, it is a better­than­ever source that gives parents some solid advice on parenting teenagers. 篇章导读：本文是一篇应用文。文章向读者推荐了四本一生中至少应该读一次的书。 1．What do we know about Charlotte's Web? A．It was once adapted for a film. B．It was illustrated by E．B.White. C．It was originally released in 2006. D．It was specially designed for kids. 答案：A　细节理解题。根据Charlotte's Web by E．B.White部分中的“A live­action film version was published in 2006.(真人版电影于2006年出版。)”可知，该书于2006年被改编为真人版电影。故选A。 2．What do The Little Prince and The Kite Runner both talk about? A．Animals. B．Friendship. C．Forgiveness. D．Celebrities. 答案：B　细节理解题。根据The Little Prince by Antoine de Saint­Exupéry部分中的“as well as the transformative power of friendship and trust”以及The Kite Runner by Khaled Hosseini部分中的“The Kite Runner is the story of the unlikely and complicated friendship”可知，两本书都提及了“友谊”这个话题。故选B。 3．Which book best suits those concerned about family education? A．Charlotte's Web. B．The Little Prince. C．The Kite Runner. D．Required Reading for All Teenagers. 答案：D　推理判断题。根据Required Reading for All Teenagers by Douglas Pagels部分中的“Now in a redesigned version, it is a better­than­ever source that gives parents some solid advice on parenting teenagers.”可知，这本书更好地为父母提供了一些关于养育青少年的可靠建议。由此可推知，这本书是关于家庭教育的。故选D。 B (2024·江苏省百校联考高三第一次考试)Louisa May Alcott (18321888) was born in Pennsylvania, America. Her career as an author began when she wrote poetry and short stories for popular magazines. When she was 22, her first book was published, which was like a milestone for her career. When she was 35, she was asked by a publisher to write a novel “for girls” and that is how Little Women came to people's eyes. The book became a sudden hit after its publication, and was adapted into films for many times, both silent movies and sound movies. 　 Little Women is the most beloved and enduring (经久不衰的) novel of Louisa May Alcott. It is about the life of four women (four sisters), especially the growth of four young women, Meg, Jo, Beth and Amy, from their childhood to womanhood. Four of them are of different personalities and stories. Meg is beautiful and gentle, typically good wife after being married. The author­to­be Jo is devoted to writing and is like a tomboy. The tragically frail Beth is talented in art, especially music. However, she dies in an early age. Amy is a romantic while spoiled lady who finds her talent in art too, especially sculpture. These four March sisters share their joy and sorrow while growing up, while their father is far at war—the civil war. The family is poor in goods but rich in love. The second half of the novel, focuses on the girls as they leave their childhood and begin their journey into adult life. Lessons of friendship, family and love are uncovered as we join the characters through the ups and downs of life, good times and bad. 篇章导读：本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了《小妇人》这本书的作者及故事情节。 4．What can we learn from the first two paragraphs? A．Little Women was Alcott's first book. B．Alcott's mother once served as her tutor. C．A publisher asked Alcott to write for girls. D．Little Women was only adapted into sound movies after its publication. 答案：C　细节理解题。根据第二段中的“When she was 35, she was asked by a publisher to write a novel ‘for girls’ and that is how Little Women came to people's eyes.”可知，一位出版商请Alcott (奥尔科特)写一本给女孩子看的小说。故选C。 5．What does the underlined word “frail” in Paragraph 3 mean? A．Delicate. B．Lonely. C．Sensitive. D．Ambitious. 答案：A　词义猜测题。根据画线词下文“However, she dies in an early age.(然而，她英年早逝。)”以及画线词前的修饰词“tragically (悲惨地，不幸地)”可知，Beth的身体非常虚弱。故选A。 6．What is the second half of the novel mainly about? A．Their bittersweet childhood. B．Their journey into adulthood. C．Their life lessons in bad times. D．Their father's service in the civil war. 答案：B　细节理解题。根据最后一段中的“The second half of the novel, focuses on the girls as they leave their childhood and begin their journey into adult life.”可知，小说的后半部分主要是几个女孩的成年之旅。故选B。 7．What is the purpose of this text? A．To introduce a book. B．To share life lessons. C．To memorize a writer. D．To explain a book's publication. 答案：A　推理判断题。通读全文可知，文章主要介绍了Alcott和她的小说《小妇人》的故事情节，由此可推知，文章的写作目的是介绍《小妇人》这本书。故选A。 Ⅱ.完形填空 (2024·河北省高三月考)I drove 12 miles to the county newspaper office one day. I had to sit outside and wait. Beside me lay a one­page short novel I had written, and I hoped to get it __1__. “What if the publisher didn't __2__ it？” I thought to myself. I was __3__， and every now and then, I stood up and walked back and forth. Eventually, I was led to the publisher's office by his secretary. I still felt tense, but the kind smile he shared with me soon made me __4__. I didn't even own a __5__ at the time, so he had to read my handwritten __6__. Then he said, “I couldn't like it enough, and I would include it in the next week's __7__．” I jumped with joy and said, “Thanks, sir.” But I expected even more. 　I asked him if I could keep __8__ for him each week. He thought for a moment and then __9__. He even said he would pay me five dollars for each new thing I wrote. I was so __10__ that I skipped and danced on the sidewalk when I went outside. Little did I know that moment would __11__ my life. 　That was almost 40 years ago. Now, I have my own studio and lead a better life. I __12__ to write something new for my publisher—my friend each week. As I write, I __13__. I've become a determined and patient person. Each time I learn something new, I __14__ write it to get my friend to publish it. Without my friend, I would never be the __15__ I am today. 篇章导读：本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者第一次投稿的经历，并认为这次经历改变了自己的一生。 1．A.put away B．come out C．set aside D．cut down 答案：B　put away 收起，放好；come out 出版，发行；set aside 搁置；cut down 削减。根据前文“I drove 12 miles to the county newspaper office one day.”以及“Beside me lay a one­page short novel I had written”可知，作者拿着自己的短篇小说去报社，希望它能出版。故选B。 2．A.want B．explain C．suspect D．lose 答案：A　want 想要；explain 解释；suspect 怀疑；lose 失去。根据语境和后文“I was __3__， and every now and then, I stood up and walked back and forth.”可知，作者担心出版商不想要这篇小说。故选A。 3．A.out of practice B．around the clock C．on pins and needles D．through thick and thin 答案：C　out of practice 疏于练习，荒废；around the clock 夜以继日；on pins and needles 如坐针毡；through thick and thin 历尽千辛万苦。根据后文“I stood up and walked back and forth”以及“I still felt tense”可知，作者在紧张地等候出版商的消息，如坐针毡。故选C。 4．A.panicked B．confused C．surprised D．eased 答案：D　panicked 惊慌失措的；confused 困惑的；surprised 惊讶的；eased 放松的。根据前文“but the kind smile he shared with me”可知，出版商的微笑使作者放松下来。故选D。 5．A.follower B．typewriter C．clue D．schoolroom 答案：B　follower 追随者；typewriter 打字机；clue 线索；schoolroom 教室。根据后文“so he had to read my handwritten __6__”可知，稿件是手写的，作者没有打字机。故选B。 6．A.invitation B．chart C．application D．story 答案：D　invitation 邀请；chart 图表；application 申请；story 故事。根据前文“Beside me lay a one­page short novel I had written”可知，作者写的是故事。故选D。 7．A.edition B．ban C．bill D．exhibition 答案：A　edition (报纸、杂志的)一份，版本；ban 禁令；bill 议案，账单；exhibition 展览。根据前文“I couldn't like it enough”和后文“I jumped with joy”可知，出版商要把作者的小说发表在杂志上。故选A。 8．A.copying B．detecting C．writing D．understanding 答案：C　copy 复制；detect 检测；write 书写，写作；understand 理解。根据后文“He even said he would pay me five dollars for each new thing I wrote.”可知，作者问是否可以每周为报社写作。故选C。 9．A.admitted B．agreed C．shook D．left 答案：B　admit 承认；agree 同意；shake 摇动；leave 离开。根据后文“He even said he would pay me five dollars for each new thing I wrote.”可知，出版商同意了。故选B。 10．A.capable B．reliable C．grateful D．cheerful 答案：D　capable 有能力的；reliable 可靠的；grateful 感激的；cheerful 愉快的。根据前文语境和后文“I skipped and danced on the sidewalk when I went outside”可知，作者高兴极了。故选D。 11．A.change B．remind C．share D．end 答案：A　change 改变；remind 提醒；share 分享；end 结束。根据语境和后文“That was almost 40 years ago. Now, I have my own studio and lead a better life.”可知，作者认为这次成功改变了他的一生。故选A。 12．A.learn B．regret C．hesitate D．continue 答案：D　learn 学习；regret 后悔；hesitate 犹豫；continue 继续。根据后文“Each time I learn something new, I __14__ write it to get my friend to publish it.”可知，作者继续为出版商写作。故选D。 13．A.approve B．grow C．bend D．stretch 答案：B　approve 批准；grow 生长，成长；bend 弯曲；stretch 伸展。根据语境和后文“I've become a determined and patient person.”可知，作者通过写作，逐渐成长发展。故选B。 14．A.rarely B．casually C．routinely D．previously 答案：C　rarely 很少地；casually 随意地；routinely 常规地，照例地；previously 先前地。根据前文“I've become a determined and patient person.”和“Each time I learn something new”可知，作者学习新东西时，会照例写出新东西发表。故选C。 15．A.author B．officer C．secretary D．publisher 答案：A　author 作家；作者；officer 官员；secretary 秘书；publisher 出版商。通读全文，根据前文“As I write, I __13__．”以及“Each time I learn something new, I __14__ write it to get my friend to publish it.”可知，本文的作者是个作家。故选A。 22 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$