选择性必修第二册 UNIT 5 EDUCATION-【金版教程】2025年高考英语一轮复习解决方案全书word（新教材，北师大版）

金版教程　高考科学复习解决方案　英语[S] 一　词汇过关测＋练 1．enlighten　en­进入……之中；包围＋light 光＋­en动词后缀→进入光明；引申为启迪；指导，教导 2．initially　init 开始＋­ial……的＋­ly副词后缀→最开始地；引申为起初 3．apparent　ap­朝，向＋par 出现，看见＋­ent具有……性质的→朝着能看见的方向；引申为显而易见的；明白的 4．insight　in­进入＋sight 眼光→眼光刺入；引申为洞察力；顿悟 5．arrange　ar­加强＋range 行，列；顺序→成行；引申为排列，布置 1．facilitate vt. 促进；使便利 2．brilliant adj. 聪颖的，才华横溢的 3．sympathy n. 同情，同情心 4．complex adj. 复杂的；难以理解的 5．insist vi. 坚称；坚持主张 6．gain vt. 获得，赢得，取得；受益 7．severe adj. 很严重的 8．judgement n. 判断力；意见，评价；判决 9．tendency n. 倾向 10．superb adj. 极好的，卓越的 11．technique n. 技巧，手法 12．grasp vt. 理解，领会 13．imply vt. 意味着…… 14．expand vi.& vt. (使)扩大；增加 15．analyse vt. 分析，剖析 16．gently adv. 轻柔地；温和地；平缓地 17．primitive adj. 原始的 18．objective n. 目的，目标　adj. 客观的 19．evaluate vt. 评估，评价 20．pursue vt. 追求 21．integrity n. 正直，诚实；完整 22．exceptionally adv. 极其，非常 23．behave vi. 表现 24．worthy adj. 有价值的；值得尊敬的 25．priority n. 优先处理的事；优先权 26．consistent adj. 一贯的，一致的 27．precious adj. 宝贵的 28．obvious adj. 显然的，明显的；易理解的 29．analysis n. 分析 30．circumstance n. 境况，状况；情况，情形 31．approve vt. 赞成；赞许；批准 32．abandon vt. 放弃；抛弃 33．owe vt. 有……是由于；把……归功于 34．civilisation n. 文明 35．vital adj. 极其重要的，必不可少的 36．gradual adj. 逐渐的，逐步的 37．facility n. 设施，设备 38．restrict vt. 约束，限制 39．wisdom n. 智慧 40．conventional adj. 守旧的；传统的 1．(2023·全国甲卷)As grizzly bears expand (扩大) their range into places where they haven't been seen in a century or more, they're increasingly being sighted by humans. 2．(2024·江西泰和中学高三月考)David insisted (坚持) on running as if he had forgotten all his weaknesses, though he was tripped over within the a few kilometers. 3．(2024·广东四校高三联考)For example, based on observation, there is a tendency (趋势) for adults to treat good­looking children better. 4．(2024·广东江门高三质量检测)The space technology can help to improve the techniques (技巧) in other fields. 5．(2024·河北省百师联盟高三质量检测)These students can have trouble grasping (理解) meanings of numerical symbols or understanding spatial processing such as the rotation (旋转) of an object in their mind. 6．(外研XB2­U3)I tried to think of some words of sympathy (同情), but I had to admit that the Rainbow Bookstore couldn't stay in business much longer. 7．(2024·湖北省腾云联盟高三月考)She painstakingly pursued (追求) perfection in an art she had never practiced up to that point in her life. 8．(2024·四川省成都市百师联盟高三联考)This new directive was approved (批准) by the Florida Board of Education in July and is being carried out as a potential lifesaver. 9．(外研XB1­U1)In 1967, the Chinese government formed a team of scientists with the objective (目标) of discovering a new treatment for malaria, and Tu Youyou was among the first researchers chosen. 10．(2024·内蒙古赤峰二中高三月考)Moreover, it is important to evaluate (评估) the significance of each task based on its urgency and importance. 1．assess vt. 评价→assessment n. 评价 2．enthusiasm n. 热心→enthusiastic adj. 热心的，热衷的→enthusiastically adv. 热心地，热衷地 3．educate vt. 教育；教导，指导→educator n. 教育工作者→education n. 教育→educational adj. 教育的→educationalist n. 教育(学)家 4．restrict vt. 约束，限制→restricted adj. 受限制的；受制约的→restriction n. 限制，规定，约束 5．promote vt. 促进，增进→promotion n. 提升，晋升；促进 6．demonstrate vt. 展示；说明→demonstration n. 展示；说明 7．excite vt. 使兴奋→excited adj. 感到兴奋的→exciting adj. 令人兴奋的→excitement n. 兴奋，激动 8．pain n. 疼痛→painful adj. 令人痛苦的；困难的；疼痛的→painfully adv. 痛苦地；困难地；极度地 9．significant adj. 重要的→significantly adv. 重要地→significance n. 重要性，意义 10．assume vt. 假定，认为→assumption n. 假定，假设 11．expose vt. 使接触；使体验；使暴露；揭露→exposure n. 暴露；接触；景色 12．initial adj. 最初的→initially adv. 起初 13．disappoint vt. 使失望→disappointment n. 失望；扫兴；沮丧→disappointed adj. 失望的，沮丧的→disappointing adj. 令人失望的 14．contribute vi.& vt. 奉献，捐献→contributor n. 捐献者→contribution n. 贡献 15．finance n. 金融；财政→financial adj. 金融的；财政的→financially adv. 经济上；财政上；金融上 16．respective adj. 各自的；分别的→respectively adv. 各自地 17．stimulate vt. 刺激，促使，促进→stimulation n. 刺激，激励；鼓舞 18．respect vt.& n. 尊敬；敬佩 →respected adj. 受尊敬的，受敬重的→respectful adj. 恭敬的；表示尊敬的→respectable adj. 值得尊敬的；体面的；充足的 19．responsible adj. 负责的，有责任心的 →responsibly adj. 负责地；可信赖地→responsibility n. 责任 20．benefit vi.& vt. (使)受益　n. 利益→beneficial adj. 有利的，有帮助的 1．Greenpeace works to promote awareness of the dangers that threaten our planet today.It will lead to the promotion of increased ecological awareness.(promote) 2．Her father was a dewted disciple of the great educator Tao Xingzhi and diligently practiced Tao's “life education” philosophy. (educate) 3．The exciting announcement that our team had won the championship filled us with excitement. We were all excited at the news.(excite) 4．He was enthusiastic about sports, and he always did sports enthusiastically. But after the accident he lost his enthusiasm for the sport.(enthusiasm) 5．My disappointment was that we failed to invite a professor to give us a lecture. We were deeply disappointed at the disappointing result. (disappoint) 6．A lot of contributors who didn't let out their names contributed some books to the students in the villagers and the students made up their minds to make great contributions to society. (contribute) 7．Whether you can make an efficient financial budget is key to your living quality. So it is highly recommended the college education should include courses on finance. (finance) 8．Whoever is responsible for the work should take on the responsibility. This way, we can manage our organization responsibly. (responsible) 9．There is little assessment of the damage to the natural environment because it is difficult to assess the effects of the damage. (assess) 10．The benefit of teamwork is apparent. I feel that everyone has benefited greatly from teamwork, because it is beneficial for our work. (benefit) 1 relate [熟义]　vi.& vt. 相联系 [生义]　vi. 理解；产生共鸣 I often wake very early—I'm sure most readers over 50 can relate. 我经常很早就醒了，我相信许多50岁以上的读者会产生共鸣。 2 ray [熟义]　n. (太阳或月亮的)光线 [生义]　n. 一线(希望、慰藉等)；一点 Even though there was just one small ray of hope, we still work on it till the end. 即使只有一线希望，我们仍然要尝试直到最后。 3 abstract [熟义]　adj. 抽象的 [生义]　n. 概要，摘要；抽象派艺术作品 There is a section at the end of the magazine that includes abstracts of recent articles/books. 杂志的最后一部分收录了近期发表的文章/出版的书籍的摘要。 4 rank [熟义]　n. 等级 [生义]　v. 名列，具有……的地位(或等级) My entry was ranked third in the flower show. 在花展中，我的参赛作品名列第三。 小积累　 1.“值得”家族 ①be worth doing sth 某事值得做 ②be worthy of doing sth 某事值得做 ③sth be worthy to be done 某事值得做 ④It is worthwhile doing sth 做某事是值得的 ⑤It is worthwhile to do sth 做某事是值得的 2.“最后”聚焦 ①finally adv. ②ultimately adv. ③eventually adv. ④at last ⑤in the end ⑥in conclusion 3.“突然”的表达 ①suddenly 突然 ②in a flash 瞬间 ③all at once 突然 ④all of a sudden 突然 二　语块过关测＋练 1．approve__of 赞成，认可，承认 2．in__conclusion 最后 3．regardless__of 不管；不顾 4．adapt__to 使适合，使适应 5．be__eager__to__do__sth 渴望做某事 6．as__a__result 结果；因此 7．relate__to 理解；联系；与……有关 8．with__the__help__of 在……的帮助下 9．to__start__with 首先；第一 10．be__preoccupied__with 一门心思在……上；全神贯注于；专心于 1．(2023·新课标Ⅱ卷)Though some are initially scared of the insects and turned off by the dirt, most are__eager__to try something new. 2．(2023·新课标Ⅱ卷)These scenes may have been painted hundreds of years ago, but they record moments we can all relate__to. 3．(2024·四川伍隍中学高三月考)I've had some pretty serious issues with some people in my community recently. As__a__result,__I stopped away from them and did my best to forget them. 4．(人教XB1­U4)For example, making eye contact—looking into someone's eyes—in some countries, is a way to display interest. In other countries, by contrast, eye contact is not always approved__of. 5．(2024·湖南师范大学附属中学高三月考)Obviously, if you enjoy a pursuit, regardless__of its outcome, you should continue. 三　句式迁移练 1．“by the time ...”结构，引导时间状语从句 【迁移创新】By__the__time__she__left__college,__she had been an excellent student. 到她大学毕业的时候，她已经是一个优秀的学生了。 2．“This is because ...”结构中，because引导表语从句 【迁移创新】This__is__because__reading__is__an__important__way to get the information required to understand something. 这是因为阅读是获取理解某些东西所需信息的一个重要途径。 3．“It is/was the first/second/... time (that) ...”结构 【迁移创新】It__was__the__first__time__(that)__I'd__had__visitors since I moved to London. 这是我搬到伦敦以后第一次有人来看我。 4．“with＋复合宾语”结构 【迁移创新】With__the__teacher__helping__me,__my English has greatly improved. 在老师的帮助下，我的英语有了很大提高。 Ⅰ　忆课文·语篇理解 By the time Helen Keller was seven years old, she still couldn't speak, read or write and needed to have everything done for her. This was because she couldn't see or hear. With these severe __1__ (restriction) to her communication, Helen's behaviour was often unbearable. She was sometimes troublesome, stubborn and angry, and had a tendency to break things __2__ no one understood her. A superb teacher Anne Sullivan __3__ (recommend) to her. She'd had eyesight problems early in life as well so she could relate __4__ Helen's difficulties. Anne spelt words by writing on Helen's hand so that Helen could get a mental picture of the words. When they __5__ (initial) did this, Helen thought it was a game. Gradually these precious knowledge gave her hope and joy. Finally, she got the world of words __6__ (open) up to her. She was very eager __7__ (learn) more and use it as much as she could. Children __8__ can see and hear learn language easily, but for Helen, it was __9__ gradual and sometimes painful process. However, because Helen was so __10__ (enthusiasm) about learning, the results were amazing. 1．________　2.________　3.________　4.________　5.________　6.________　7.________　8.________ 9．________　10.________ 答案：1.restrictions　2.when　3.was recommended　4.to　5.initially　6.opened　7.to learn　8.who　9.a　10.enthusiastic How do we acquire knowledge and understanding? To start with, we need __1__ (question). Then, to find answers, we observe the world around us and study the facts. With the idea __2__ (propose), we can consider possible answers and test each to find the only one. However, in the 17th century __3__ Francis Bacon suggested that this type of thinking was the way to gain knowledge, he was going __4__ the views of the day. Galileo Galilei __5__ (prove) that the Earth is not the centre of the universe. But many people in his days tended __6__ (ignore) the facts and didn't want to challenge __7__ they had always comfortably believed. Aristotle's understanding of the universe was that the Earth must be the center of the universe because it felt like the Earth __8__ (stand) still. __9__ (we) understanding of the world around us is __10__ (constant) growing and changing. In other words, we learn more every day and none of us can ever sit back and say, “We know it all.” 1．________　2.________　3.________　4.________　5.________　6.________　7.________　8.________　9．________　10.________ 答案：1.questions　2.proposed　3.when　4.against　5.proved　6.to ignore　7.what　8.was standing　9.Our　10.constantly Ⅱ　学思悟·重点突破 1　 sympathy n. 同情，同情心；赞同，支持(☞sympathize v. 同情，体谅；赞同，支持 ☞sympathetic adj. 同情的；表示同情的；支持的 ☞sympathetically adv. 同情地) 【知识归纳】 (1)have sympathy for sb 同情某人 offer/send sympathies 慰问；吊唁 have sympathy with one's views 赞同某人的观点 (2)be sympathetic about sth 对……深表同情 be sympathetic to/towards sth 对……持赞成态度 【语用点拨】 ①She said that she was deeply moved by all the letters of sympathy she had received. 她说她收到的所有慰问信使她深受感动。(心理描写) ②She just needed someone who would lend a sympathetic ear to her once in a while.她只是需要有个人能时不时以一种理解的态度听她倾诉。(心理描写) ③She listened sympathetically, nodding her head now and then.她同情地听着，不时点头。(动作描写) ④I sympathize with the general aims of the organization, but on this particular issue I disagree.我支持这个机构的总体目标，但在这个具体议题上，我不能苟同。(电子邮件) 【语境运用】单句语法填空 ①(2023·新课标Ⅰ卷)I sympathized (sympathy) immediately. ②May we offer our deepest sympathies (sympathy) on the death of your wife. ③I must admit that I have some sympathy with his views. ④I don't have much sympathy for her—I think she's brought her troubles on herself. 2　insist vi. 坚称；坚持主张；坚持 【知识归纳】 (1)insist on (doing) sth 坚持(做)某事 (2)insist that ... 坚持说，坚持认为(后接宾语从句，用陈述语气) insist that ... 坚持要求(后接宾语从句，用虚拟语气，即谓语动词用“should＋动词原形”，should可以省略) 【语用点拨】 ①She insisted on seeing her lawyer.她坚持要见她的律师。(动作描写) ②Greg still insists that he did nothing wrong.格雷格仍坚称自己没有做错任何事。(动作描写) ③They insisted that all useless words be deleted from the article. 他们坚持要求从文章中删除所有的废话。(日记) 【语境运用】单句语法填空/完成句子 ①The teacher insisted that every minute (should)__be__made (make) full use of to do the work well. ②On the contrary, the volunteers insist that they have__got (get) tired of the life on the earth. ③总而言之，只要你坚持这么做，你就会有收获。 In conclusion, so long as you insist__on__doing so, you will reap a harvest. 3 restriction n. 限制，规定，约束(☞restrict vt. 约束，限制) 【知识归纳】 (1)import/export/currency restrictions 进口/出口/货币限制 speed/parking restrictions 限速/停车限制 (2)restrict the sale of alcohol 限制酒精销售 restrict freedom of movement into and out of the country 限制出入境自由 restrict yourself to sth 约束自己不超出……的范围 【语用点拨】 ①It was announced that new speed restrictions would be introduced. 据宣布，将有新的限速规定出台。(通知) ②The new guidelines have restricted opportunities for development on the edge of the city. 新的指导方针限制了城市边缘的发展机会。(调查报告) ③Do these parking restrictions cover residents as well as visitors? 这些停车限制是否包括居民和游客？(咨询信) 【语境运用】单句语法填空 ①The government has__restricted (restrict) freedom of movement into and out of the country so far. ②The government passed a law to__restrict (restrict) the sale of guns. ③If I'm going on a diet, I restrict myself to one glass of milk and a piece of bread. 4 tendency n. 倾向(☞tend v. 倾向于，往往会；照顾，护理) 【知识归纳】 (1)have a tendency for 有……的趋势 a growing tendency to do sth 越来越倾向于做…… (2)tend to do 往往；倾向于做…… tend to sb/sth 照料，照顾；关心 【语用点拨】 ①There is a tendency for unemployment to rise in the summer.夏季的失业率有上升的趋势。(调查报告) ②He carefully tended his sunflower plants.他精心照料他的向日葵。(动作描写) ③There is a tendency in films to make the equation between violence and excitement. 在电影中有一种倾向，把暴力和刺激等同起来。(影评) 【语境运用】单句语法填空/完成句子 ①Children tend to__become (become) unsettled if you keep on changing their routine. ②Nurses tended to the injured. ③There is a growing tendency (tend) to regard money more highly than quality of life. ④We tend__to__get__cold__winters (往往冬季寒冷) and warm, dry summers in this part of the country. ⑤(2023·新课标Ⅰ卷)有些人倾向于高估，有些人倾向于低估。 Some people will tend__to__overestimate,__and some to underestimate. 5 relate vi. 理解；相联系　vt. 联系；使有联系；把……联系起来；讲述(☞relation n. (人或物间的)联系 ☞related adj. 相关的，有联系的) 【知识归纳】 (1)relate to 与……相关；理解并与……产生共鸣 relate ... to ... 把……和……联系在一起；把……讲述给…… (2)have no relation to sth 和某事无关 in/with relation to 关于；与……相比 (3)be related to＝have relation to＝be linked to＝be associated with 与……有关系 (4)be involved in 牵涉……；参与…… 【语用点拨】 ①So I'm confident I can well deal with issues that relate to sports.所以我有信心我可以很好地处理与体育有关的问题。(申请信) ②We discussed vocabulary and related issues.我们探讨了词汇及相关问题。(求助信) ③English and German are closely related. 英语和德语是密切相关的。(建议信) ④Heart disease is directly linked to diet.日常饮食与心脏病有直接的关系。(调查报告) 【语境运用】单句语法填空/完成句子 ①He related the facts of the case to journalists. ②Our survival is closely linked (link) to the survival of the rainforest. ③Success of a man is directly related (relate) to the choice made by himself. ④A lot of traditional food such as zongzi, moon cakes and dumplings is__associated (associate) with festivals. ⑤After retiring, she became involved__in__voluntary__service (参与志愿者服务) in the local community. 6 grasp vt. 理解，领会；抓住；抓牢　n. 紧握，控制；能力所及 【知识归纳】 (1)grasp one's hand 抓住某人的手 grasp the opportunity 抓住机会 grasp the main points 领会要点 (2)within one's grasp 对……来说伸手可及 beyond one's grasp 是……所不能及；鞭长莫及 slip from one's grasp 与……失之交臂 【语用点拨】 ①Rosie suddenly grasped my hand.罗茜突然抓住了我的手。(动作描写) ②Feeling herself falling, she grasped the rail with both hands. 她感觉自己要掉下去了，于是用双手抓住栏杆。(动作描写) ③I think I managed to grasp the main points of the lecture.我觉得我已经领会了演讲的要点。(报道) 【语境运用】单句语法填空/完成句子 ①The gold medal slipped from his grasp in the last moments of the race. ②我们必须把握住一切机会加强与其他国家的经济联系。 We must grasp__every__opportunity to strengthen economic ties with other countries. ③为什么我总是功败垂成？ Why is success always beyond__my__grasp? ④Actually, there are indeed many chances in the morning that__you__can__grasp__to__learn__English (你能抓住来学习英语)． 7 gain vt. 获得，赢得，取得；受益　n. 收获；好处 【知识归纳】 gain confidence 获得自信 gain huge popularity 很受欢迎 gain admission to the university 被大学录取 gain a good reputation 获得良好的声誉 gain experience for growth 获得成长经验 gain knowledge 获得知识 【语用点拨】 ①No pains, no gains.不劳无获。(祝贺信) ②What do you hope to gain from the course？你希望从这门课程中学到些什么？(邮件) ③After you've gained some experience teaching abroad, you can come home and get a job.在获得一些海外教学经验后，你可以回国找份工作。(建议信) ④The car gained speed going down the hill.下山时，车加速了。(动作描写) 【语境运用】单句语法填空/完成句子 ①In the past two decades，the Chinese studies programs have__gained (gain) huge popularity in Western universities. ②The young man, who had__gained (gain) admission to a university, decided to do some part－time jobs to gain more practical experience. ③Some people tried many ways to lose weight, ending__up__gaining__weight__soon__again (最终很快又长胖了)． ④是他帮助我获得了在未来面对困难和挑战的信心。 It is him who helps me gain__confidence__to__face__the__difficulties and challenges in the future. 8 pursue vt. 追求；追捕；执行(☞pursuit n. 追求，寻找；继续；爱好；消遣) 【知识归纳】 (1)pursue a career in television 从事电视广播业 pursue one's own business interests 自己创业 pursue one's goals 追求自己的目标 (2)in pursuit of 追求…… 【语用点拨】 ①The car was pursued by helicopters.这辆车被多架直升机追捕。(场景描写) ②The hunters spent hours pursuing their prey.猎人们花费数小时追捕猎物。(场景描写) ③I enjoy outdoor pursuits, like hiking and riding.我喜欢户外活动，比如徒步旅行和骑马。(申请信) ④She travelled the world in pursuit of her dreams. 她走遍天下，追寻她的梦想。(人物介绍) 【语境运用】单句语法填空/完成句子 ①I don't think this idea is worth pursuing (pursue) any further. ②The company has__been__pursuing (pursue) Holton for some time, but so far he has rejected all their offers. ③我们必须尽快决定对这些新产品执行什么样的营销策略。 We need to decide soon what marketing strategy we__should__pursue for these new products. ④快乐是绝大部分人都在追求并且被每一个人所向往的事物。 Happiness is something a__vast__majority__of__people__are__in__pursuit__of and it's something we all want. 9 in conclusion 最后 【知识归纳】 in accord with 同……相符合；与……一致 in contrast with 与之相比，与之对照 in the course of 在……过程中 in bulk 以大量的方式 in brief 简而言之 in charge of 负责 in the distance 在远处 【语境运用】单句语法填空/完成句子 ①When he squinted his eyes, he could just make out a house in the distance. ②The teacher, who has taught for over 30 years, is in charge of the school work. ③In brief, I am always looking at things from the perspective of reality, and also very considerate. ④最后，散步是一种廉价、安全、有趣且又随时可以开展的运动形式。 In__conclusion,__walking is a cheap, safe, enjoyable, and readily available form of exercise. 10 “It is/was the first/second/... time (that) ...”结构 【知识归纳】 (1)本句型表示“这是第一/二……次做某事”；time后的that可以省略；that从句的时态通常用完成时：如果主句中be动词是is或will be，从句用现在完成时；如果主句中be动词是was，从句用过去完成时，有时也用一般过去时。 (2)It's high time to do sth 是该做某事的时候了；It is time that sb did/should do sth(should不可省略)现在是某人做某事的时候了。 【语境运用】单句语法填空/完成句子 ①It's high time to__take (take) immediate measures to protect our earth from being polluted. ②It is time that we should fight against false information in the Internet and stop spreading unhealthy information to students. ③这是诺贝尔医学奖获奖者中首次同时出现两位女性科学家。 It is the first time the Nobel prize for medicine has__been__awarded__to__two__women at the same time. 11 “with＋宾语＋现在分词”结构 【知识归纳】 该结构为with复合结构：宾语可由名词或代词充当；除现在分词以外，过去分词/动词不定式/形容词/副词/介词短语都可以构成该结构；该结构在句中通常作状语，表示伴随、方式、原因或条件等。 【语境运用】单句语法填空/完成句子 ①With the door closed (close), he had to search for the key put by his mother in case his sudden back. ②With all these mouths to__feed (feed), the helpless woman doesn't know what to do. ③他拼命想要把那辆汽车弄出来，在烈日下用手挖着。 He endeavoured to extricate the car, with__his__hands__digging in the blazing sunshine. Ⅲ　语基过关检测 维度一　单句语法填空 1．(2023·新课标Ⅰ卷)Taking responsibility (responsible) for mistakes is a positive step, but don't beat yourself up about them. 2．(2023·新课标Ⅱ卷)They make me feel valued and respected (respect), no matter my level of artistic ability. 3．(人教XB1­U4)As an educator (educate), people often ask me how I know what is going on in the minds of my students. 4．(2024·福建三明高三一模)“Look at me, Coach！” he'd shout at Randy, jumping up and down with the excitement (excite) of shooting. 5．(2024·广东湛江高三质量检测)Initially (initial), the women started out simply creating cushions (坐垫) and small handbags to sell to tourists. 6．(译林XB1­U1)I take my time over every spoonful, gently (gentle) rolling the silky dessert around my mouth and enjoying the perfect marriage of rice and milk. 7．I shut out the memory which was too painful (pain) to dwell on. 8．The government has agreed to lift restrictions (restrict) on press freedom. 9．(译林B1­U3)The second fruit of friendship is the better understanding and judgement (judge) that may be achieved through conversations with well­meaning and wise friends. 10．It was the first time Jane and I had__been__apart (apart) for more than a few days. 维度二　语篇练习 根据提示，运用本单元的词汇、短语及句式或使用词汇的正确形式完成下面的语篇。 When I first look at this picture, ①it__seems__to__be__just (它似乎只是) a pretty simple drawing of a man in a garden. However, when looking at it more closely, I see something interesting. In the picture, which ②is__entitled (标题为) “It's Time to Water the Flowers”， a man is watering the flowers with a watering can. He was carrying an umbrella because it is raining heavily. This ③implies (意味着) that this man probably waters his flowers every day at the same time. However, the plants don't need the extra water he is providing and he is just going through the ④motions (运动) without thinking. The ⑤overall__message (总体信息) we can take from this picture is that it is important to have ⑥routines__and__timetables (例行程序和时间表), but it is also important not to become too preoccupied with routines and schedules, because they can make us blind to what is ⑦in__front__of__us (在我们前面). Sometimes we need to be flexible and ⑧adapt__to (适应) changing circumstances. Ⅳ　读写用·素养提升 维度一　一词多义/熟词生义 (一)根据语境选出加黑词relate的含义 A．vt. 相联系　B．vi. 理解 1．Many adults can't relate to children. ________ 2．We need to explain why these issues are important and relate them to everyday life. ________ 答案：1.B　2.A (二)根据语境选出加黑词abstract的含义 A．adj. 抽象的　B．n. 概要 1．It might also be necessary to supply an abstract of the review of the literature as well. ________ 2．Truth and beauty are abstract concepts. ________ 答案：1.B　2.A (三)根据语境选出加黑词rank的含义 A．n. 等级　B．vt. 名列，具有……的地位(或等级) 1．The report ranks the US 20th out of 22 advanced nations. ________ 2．Consumer preferences were placed in rank order from 1 to 5. ________ 答案：1.B　2.A 维度二　构词法 (2023·新课标Ⅰ卷)Writing was so difficult and painful for me that my teacher had allowed me to present my paper on the sinking of the Titanic by acting out a play, where I played all the parts. 合成词：pain作名词，意为疼痛，伤痛；后缀­ful(＝filled with)可作名词与形容词后缀，意为“充满时的量或充满……的，富有……的”，painful意为令人痛苦的；困难的；疼痛的。 维度三　长难句分析 (2024·广东七校联合体高三联考)People trained to detect lies often rely on multiple signs, such as eye contact, length of responses and the details in what people say, but studies have shown that assessing a wide range of behavioural information can make it harder to decide if someone is lying. 一划主干：People__rely__on__...__but__studies__have__shown__...。 二括修饰：what 引导宾语从句；that引导宾语从句；if引导宾语从句。 三会意：受过识别谎言训练的人通常依赖于多种信号，比如眼神接触、反应时间的长短以及人们说话的细节，但研究表明，评估广泛的行为信息会让判断一个人是否在撒谎变得更加困难。 维度四　写作提能 完成句子/词汇升级/一句多译 1．比赛每年举行一次，旨在激发学生在舞台上的潜能，促进他们的英语学习。(邀请信) Held every year, the competition aims to inspire students' talent on stage and promote__their__English__study． 2．越来越多的人为了追求自己的梦想而搬到另一个城市或国家。(调查报告) More and more people move to another city or country in__pursuit__of__their__dreams． 3．Much__to__our__excitement (让我们非常兴奋的是), you won first prize in the singing competition. (祝贺信) 4．When you like what you do, you feel this positive energy. (演讲稿)are__enthusiastic__about 5．现在，民族文化开始展现其魅力，并在世界各地流行起来。(演讲稿) Now, national culture began to show its charm and gain__popularity all over the world. ＝Now, national culture began to show its charm and be__popular all over the world. 课时作业 Ⅰ.阅读 A (2024·湖南省百所学校高三联考) The Admission to University of Florida The general requirements below apply to undergraduate admission to any college or division of the university. Please understand the admission to the university is selective. Only minimum requirements for admission are provided; satisfaction of these minimums does not guarantee admission. •Online application for admission received by the Office of Admissions by the deadline. •A satisfactory academic record. Applicants must provide a complete record of schools which they attended. Failure to declare attendance at another school could invalidate (使无效) an offer of admission and any credit or degree earned. •Satisfactory scores on achievement or natural ability tests; the SAT, ACT or TOEFL. 　•Applicants must identify a preferred term of enrollment (注册) on their application. The application may be considered and the admission may be offered to terms other than the preferred term specified on the application. Applicants who wish to change their term of entry should contact the Office of Admissions immediately. •Access to and ongoing use of a computer is required of all students. The university expects new students and continuing students to acquire computer hardware and software appropriate to the degree program. A Notice of Admission When an application for admission is approved, the university will send a notice of admission for a specific term. If the student is unable to enroll for the term indicated or wishes to be considered for entrance to a different term, the Office of Admissions should be informed immediately. 篇章导读：本文是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了佛罗里达大学的录取要求。 1．What have to be included in the application? A．The applicants' education experiences. B．The comments on University of Florida. C．The preparations for natural ability tests. D．The minimum requirements for admission. 答案：A　细节理解题。根据第三段中的“Applicants must provide a complete record of schools which they attended.”可知，申请中必须包括申请人的教育经历。故选A。 2．What can the applicants do when applying for the admission? A．Return their computers. B．Change the term of enrollment. C．Guarantee the satisfaction. D．Design a notice of admission. 答案：B　细节理解题。根据倒数第三段中的“Applicants who wish to change ... the Office of Admissions immediately.”可知，申请人在申请入学时可以更改入学期限。故选B。 3．In which section of a newspaper can you read the text? A．Technology. B．Geography. C．Education. D．Entertainment. 答案：C　推理判断题。根据文章标题及第一段内容可知，文章是一则佛罗里达大学的录取要求。由此可推知，文章可能出自报纸的“教育”部分。故选C。 B (2024·广东省湛江市高三质量检测)Not all classrooms are in school buildings. As we have learned, classrooms can be created almost anywhere that teachers and learners are able to connect, in person or virtually. For Danielle Zelin, who teaches on the island of Mauritius, the classroom is in her home, and all around it. Danielle runs her own school the Language Mood English Club and as a result has freedom to take the curriculum (课程) in many directions, and sometimes that means looking right outside. Danielle's school started as a club on Saturday mornings, with a focus on storytelling, but she now teaches classes to individuals and groups, mainly in the afternoons and evenings after school. “I always know I want to teach，” she said, but it wasn't always clear that English would be her area of expertise (专业知识). As a teenager growing up in Mauritius, she struggled to see the point of reading Shakespeare in her English classes. “That English is old，” she told her mother. “I will not use it in my daily life.” At the time, she much preferred reading French literature. Years later, though, Danielle saw a performance of The Merchant of Venice, which she had studied in secondary school, and its power became clear to her. She didn't have to memorize lines, answer questions, or analyze for a test; she just enjoyed the play and the performance. In a sense, that is the spirit that she carries into her current teaching. Her students arrive after a day of school, often tired. “So my place is more like a fun place to do like an English Adventure—I like to call it that. We do so many different things together，” she said. She and the students sometimes brainstorm things they want to study or discuss, and often her students tell her, “We want to connect to the world.” As a result, they frequently study current events and local issues. 篇章导读：本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了毛里求斯岛上的一位教师Danielle Zelin (丹妮尔·泽林)在家中创办了自己的学校Language Mood English Club的事迹。 4．What is the function of Paragraph 1? A．To lead in the story. B．To arouse readers' interest. C．To show the author's attitude. D．To indicate the background of the story. 答案：A　推理判断题。根据第一段中的“As we have learned ... in person or virtually.(正如我们所了解的，教室几乎可以在任何教师和学习者能够联系的地方创建，无论是面对面的还是虚拟的。)”以及第二段中的“For Danielle Zelin, who teaches ... and all around it.(对于在毛里求斯岛上教书的丹妮尔·泽林来说，教室就在她的家里，而且就在她家的周围。)”可知，第一段引出文章的主题，即Danielle Zelin创办了自己的学校。因此第一段起到的作用是引起下文。故选A。 5．What can be learned about Danielle from Paragraph 2? A．She once taught students for free. B．She used to have classes on weekdays. C．She set her classroom only at home years ago. D．She focused on storytelling in her class before. 答案：D　细节理解题。根据第二段中的“Danielle's school started as a club ... evenings after school.”可知，Danielle Zelin的学校最初是以讲故事为主的。故选D。 6．What made Danielle interested in English? A．Shakespeare's books. B．Her mother's influence. C．A show of The Merchant of Venice. D．Her inner eager to read literature. 答案：C　细节理解题。根据第四段“Years later, though, Danielle ... just enjoyed the play and the performance.”可知，一场《威尼斯商人》的演出使她对英语产生了兴趣。故选C。 7．Why are current issues concerned in Danielle's class? A．Her students want to brainstorm. B．Her students want to contact the world. C．Danielle wants to make her class adventurous. D．Danielle wants to carry out her teaching spirits. 答案：B　细节理解题。根据最后一段中的“‘We want to connect to the world.’ ... and local issues”可知，因为她的学生们想和世界接触，所以他们经常在一起研究时事和当地问题。故选B。 Ⅱ.七选五 (2024·江苏省南通市高三检测)The World Book Day, also called World Book and Copyright Day, falls on April 23rd. __1__ Reading extensively exposes you to new ideas and knowledge, improves your concentration and memory, and enhances your creativity and critical thinking skills. Despite the importance of reading, many students today don't have a good habit of reading. There are a few reasons for this: lack of time and motivation, abundance of digital distractions and failure to stick to reading. However, these challenges can be overcome with your conscious efforts. First, you need to make time for reading by limiting time spent on social media or other leisure activities. Start with just 1530 minutes a day of reading and you can work your way up to longer sessions. __2__ Many libraries also have digital book options if you prefer e­readers or audiobooks. Second, build the habit by scheduling reading time each day and sticking to it. __3__ Even just having a regular routine on certain days of the week, such as reading Monday to Friday after dinner for example, can help you cement (巩固，加强) it as a habit. Finally, track your progress to stay on track. Set monthly reading goals to achieve and record the books you read, how long the sessions were and any key insights gained. It is a traditional way to write on a notebook. __4__ By making reading a priority, limiting distractions, setting a regular schedule, and tracking your progress, you can successfully develop the habit of reading. __5__ So take the first step to cultivate this important habit today. Your future self will surely thank you for it. A．Today using an app may make it easier to achieve. B．The goal of the day is to engage people in reading. C．Habits are formed through consistency and repetition. D．Developing a habit of reading is particularly unnecessary. E．Protecting the copyright is likely to be the focus of the day. F．A lifelong love of reading will enrich your life in so many ways. G．Find books you are genuinely interested in to help build motivation. 篇章导读：本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了养成阅读这一良好习惯的几种方式。 1．B　前文“The World Book Day, also called World Book and Copyright Day, falls on April 23rd.”引出世界图书日这一话题，设空处应承接前文，围绕图书日这一天展开论述，B项(这一天的目标是让人们参与阅读。)符合语境，选项中的the day指代前文中的The World Book Day。故选B。 2．G　后文“Many libraries also have digital book options if you prefer e­readers or audiobooks.(如果你喜欢电子阅读器或有声读物，许多图书馆也有电子书可供选择。)”讲述了可以根据兴趣选择图书，G项(找一些你真正感兴趣的书来帮助建立(阅读的)动力。)符合语境。故选G。 3．C　本段首句“Second, build the habit ... and sticking to it.”是段落主旨句，讲述了要每天坚持阅读，养成阅读习惯，设空处应承接前文，C项(习惯是通过坚持和重复培养起来的。)符合语境，且选项中的Habits和前文中的habit呼应。故选C。 4．A　前文“Set monthly reading goals ... way to write on a notebook.(设定每月要实现的阅读目标，并记录你读过的书、所花的时间以及获得的任何关键见解。写在笔记本上是一种传统的方式。)”说明了记录阅读的一种方式，设空处应承接前文，讲述传统方法之外的其他记录方式，A项(如今，使用应用程序可能会使其更容易实现。)符合语境。故选A。 5．F　后文“So take the first step ... will surely thank you for it.”呼吁迈出培养阅读习惯的第一步，这将有助于塑造更好的自我。F项(终身热爱阅读会在很多方面丰富你的生活。)引出后文，且与后文形成因果关系。故选F。 Ⅲ.语法填空 (2024·重庆市高三月度质量检测)Two things I did may have caused people __1__ (think) that something is wrong with me. The first was when my wife asked me to have the sitting­room clock __2__ (repair). I drove into the market place of our little town and, clock under arm, entered a shop. Only it was the meat shop. __3__ my thoughts far away, I stood staring into the shop­keeper's eyes. I had been his customer for a long time and the good man smiled at me. This went on for several very long __4__ (second) before I realized where I was. There is no doubt that I should have calmly bought a pound of meat, __5__ I merely nodded briefly and left. The other man in my town who __6__ (probable) thinks I am mad is Mr Smith. Some years ago he was manager of Mead's Shop, and he and I knew each other quite well. One day he __7__ (stand) in the doorway of his shop when I passed. My brain was on some distant problem and my eyes stared into space. “Hello, Mr Herriot.” I heard his voice. I turned a blank gaze on him—I just had no idea who he was though his face was familiar. Then I saw __8__ word “MEAD” in foot­high letters above the shop window. “Good morning, Mead，” I cried heartily and continued my way. I had gone only a few steps before I realized that my greeting had been __9__ (polite). I turned back and said to him again, “Good morning, Mister Mead.” It was only when I turned the corner of the street __10__ I realized, too late, his name was Tony and the time was late afternoon. 1．________　2.________　3.________　4.________ 5．________　6.________　7.________　8.________ 9．________　10.________ 篇章导读：本文是一篇记叙文。文章描述了作者做的两件“古怪”的事情。 1．to think　考查非谓语动词。cause sb to do sth意为“引起某人做某事”，设空处应用动词不定式作宾语补足语。故填to think。 2．repaired　考查非谓语动词。have sth done意为“使某事被做”，clock和repair之间是被动关系，应用过去分词作宾语补足语。故填repaired。 3．With　考查介词。此处描述的是作者的心情状态，用with引导的介词短语来表示伴随，且位于句首，单词首字母大写。故填With。 4．seconds　考查名词。设空前有several修饰，应用名词复数。故填seconds。 5．but/yet　考查连词。句意：毫无疑问，我应该冷静地买一磅肉，但我稍稍点下头，就走了。上下文之间为转折关系，应用连词but/yet。故填but/yet。 6．probably　考查词性转换。设空处修饰动词thinks，应用副词作状语。故填probably。 7．was standing　考查动词的时态和主谓一致。设空处描述过去正在发生的动作，应用过去进行时；主语是he，谓语应用第三人称单数。故填was standing。 8．the　考查冠词。此处MEAD表示特指，应用定冠词the。故填the。 9．impolite　考查反义词。句意：我走出了几步远，才意识到我的问候很不礼貌。此处位于be动词之后，应用形容词作表语，意为“不礼貌的”。故填impolite。 10．that　考查强调句型。It was ... that ... 为强调句，本句强调时间状语从句when I turned the corner of the street。故填that。 1 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$