选择性必修第一册 UNIT 2 SUCCESS-【金版教程】2025年高考英语一轮复习解决方案全书word（新教材，北师大版）

金版教程　高考科学复习解决方案　英语[S] 一　词汇过关测＋练 1．determined　de­ 加强＋termin 界限＋­ed→加强界限的；引申为坚定的，坚决的 2．optimistic　optim­ 最好，最佳＋­ist­……主义的＋­ic……的→保持着最好的；引申为乐观的；乐观主义的 3．cooperation　co­ 共同，operat 实施，­ion 名词后缀→一起实施；引申为合作，协作 4．appreciate　ap­ 朝向＋prec 价值＋­iate表示动作→朝着某方向给……找价值；引申为欣赏；赏识 5．triathlete　tri­ 三个，athlete运动员→运动员要做的三项运动；引申为铁人三项运动员 1．faith n. 相信；信任 2．vision n. 远见卓识 3．career n. 职业，事业 4．ultimate adj. 最后的，最终的 5．guilty adj. 内疚的，羞愧的 6．influential adj. 有影响力的 7．outstanding adj. 杰出的，优秀的 8．minimum n. 最少量；最小数；最低限度 9．boil vi.& vt. (使)沸腾，煮沸 10．intensity n. 强度；强烈 11．apart adj.& adv. 分开；散开 12．recognised adj. 公认的；经过检验的 13．forwards adv. 向前 14．championship n. 冠军称号，冠军地位 15．fashion n. 时尚 16．symbol n. 象征，标志 17．professor n. 教授 18．countless adj. 无数的，数不尽的 19．style n. 方式，特点 20．entry n. 条目 21．academic adj. 学术的 22．ruin vt. 毁掉，糟蹋，毁坏 23．element n. 基本部分；要素 24．hire vt. 租用 25．persistent adj. 坚持的；执意的 26．advanced adj. 先进的；高级的；晚期的 27．collapse vi. 突然倒下；倒塌 28．fortune n. 大笔的钱，巨款 29．found vt. 创立；创建 30．label n. 标签，标记　vt. 贴标签于 31．limit vt.& n. 限制，限定 32．income n. 收入；收益 33．entrance n. 进入许可；入口 34．reference n. 推荐信；谈到，提及 35．bridal adj. 婚礼的；新娘的 36．designer n. 设计师，设计者 37．retire vi. 退休；退职 38．platform n. 舞台；月台 39．bitterly adv. 痛苦地；愤恨地 40．hunger n. 饥饿，饥荒 1．(2023·全国乙卷)Being at the right place at the right time is decisive in any style (特点) of photography. 2．(2023·浙江高考1月)Hutongs represent an important cultural element (要素) of the city of Beijing. 3．(2024·广东佛山顺德区容山中学高三月考)He has met with the mayor of his city, and his experience speaking with influential (有影响力的) grownups has convinced him that adults can change their habits. 4．(人教B3­U4)Firstly, exploring space has already made a difference in the fight against world hunger (饥饿). 5．(2024·广东深圳富源学校高三调研考试)Julia's grandma went to fashion (时尚) school in her late teens and dropped out but she kept many of her sketches. 6．(2024·陕西榆林高三月考)The loyal employee doesn't plan to retire (退休) from the only company he has ever worked for. 7．(译林XB1­U1)In the last few weeks, I've thrown myself into home cooking, from boiling (煮沸) noodles in the pot to frying steak in the pan. 8．(2024·湖北腾云联盟高三联考)In Chinese culture, jade plays a significant role and has been long considered an essential symbol (标志) of harmony. 9．(外研B1­U3)I want to focus on my band and have a career (事业) in music when I leave school. 10．(外研B1­U2)At the information desk at the entrance (入口), I asked a lady where the shoe section was. 1．optimism n. 乐观；乐观主义→optimistic adj. 乐观的，乐观主义的 2．discipline n. 自制力　vt. 惩罚，处罚→disciplined adj. 遵守纪律的 3．ambition n. 雄心，抱负→ambitious adj. 有雄心的，有抱负的→ambitiously adv. 雄心勃勃地；规模宏大地；艰巨地 4．long adj. 长的→length n. 长度→lengthen vt. 延长；加长；使伸长 5．appreciate vt. 欣赏；赏识→appreciation n. 感激；欣赏→appreciative adj. 感激的 6．injure vi. 受伤→injured adj. 受伤的→injury n. 伤， 损害 7．employ vt. 雇用→employer n. 雇主→employee n. 雇员 8．comfort vt.& n. (使)舒适→comfortable adj. 舒服的，舒适的→comfortably adv. 舒服地，舒适地 9．enthusiasm n. 热情；热衷的活动，热爱的事物→enthusiastic adj. 热心的，热衷的→enthusiastically adv. 热心地，热衷地 10．defensive adj. 戒备的，自卫的→defense n. 防御；防御者；防御能力→defend v. 保卫；维护 11．devote vt. 把……奉献给；专心致力于→devoted adj. 专心致志的→devotion n. 奉献；忠心 12．convince vt. 说服；使确信→convincing adj. 有说服力的→convinced adj. 确信的；信服的 13．normal adj. 正常的，平常的→normally adv. 正常地，平常 14．produce vt. 生产→production n. 生产；产量 15．promote vt. 提升；促销；推广→promotion n. 提升，晋升；推广 16．enormous adj. 巨大的，庞大的→enormously adv. 巨大地，极大地 17．contribute vi.& vt. 增进；捐献；促成→contribution n. 贡献 18．reject vt. 拒绝；不雇用，不录取→rejection n. 嫌弃；拒绝接受 19．determine vt. 决定；下定决心→determined adj. 坚定的，坚决的→determination n. 决心；毅力 20．commit vt. 犯(罪、错)；承诺→committed adj. 坚定的；坚信的；尽心尽力的→commitment n. 投入，忠诚，奉献；承诺 1．As a newcomer, she found it hard to adapt herself to the new school. Needless to say, it's also difficult for her to fit in with the new schoolmates. But she was determined to try her best, for a good start is half the battle. Her determination will pay off. (determine) 2．It is that optimistic attitude, that effort, and that determination that can transform blind optimism into hope—the hope to imagine, and work for, and fight for what seemed impossible before. (optimistic) 3．Maintaining classroom discipline is the first task of every teacher. Those children are well disciplined．(discipline) 4．He was committed to his teaching job, and his commitment earned him good fame among the children.(commit) 5．Injury often occurs in the football games. Measures should be taken to prevent players from being injured．(injure) 6．The bridge is very long. To be exact, it is 1，098 meters in length. And we don't want to lengthen it. (long) 7．The teacher said, “Wear comfortable,__loose clothing to your exercise class.” What he said brought me some comfort．(comfort) 8．He devoted himself to the cause of education. He won respect and devotion from his pupils. (devote) 9．They produce different kinds of shoes in this factory, and their production is so large that they sell the shoes all over the world.(produce) 10．The city is trying to lose its industrial image and promote itself as a tourist centre. Obviously everyone should be very involved in the promotion．(promote) 1 contract [熟义]　n. 合同；契约 [生义]　v. (使)收缩；患上，感染(疾病)；(与……)订立合同 ①In spoken English, “do not” often contracts to “don't”． 在英语口语中，do not常常缩略成don't。 ②He contracted malaria while he was travelling. 他旅行时感染了疟疾。 ③Our company was contracted to build shelters for the homeless. 我们公司刚刚签订合同，为无家可归的人建造收容所。 2 skip [熟义]　vt. 蹦跳着走 [生义]　v. 匆匆离开，跳过；快速转换；不做(本来应做的事)，避免；扔(石块)打水漂 ①The teacher kept skipping from one subject to another so it was difficult to follow what he was saying. 老师不断地从一个话题转换到另一个话题，所以很难跟上他的讲话思路。 ②I'm trying to lose weight, so I'm skipping lunch today. 我正在努力减肥，因此今天不吃午饭了。 ③We watched a child skipping stones across the lake. 我们看着一个孩子在湖上打水漂。 3 average [熟义]　n. 平均水平；平均数 [生义]　adj. 平庸的，普通的，平均的　v. 平均数是，平均为 ①The average person on the street is a lot better off than they were 40 years ago. 街上再普通的人也要比40年前富裕多了。 ②Enquiries to our office average 1，000 calls a month. 我们办公室每个月平均接到1，000个咨询电话。 小积累 1.“感谢”家族 ①thank sb 感谢某人 ②be appreciative of 感激 ③be grateful to 感激 ④say thanks to 向……表示感谢 ⑤extend one's gratitude to 向……表示感谢 2.“专心致志”聚焦 ①be devoted to 致力于，专心于 ②be absorbed in 全神贯注于 ③be committed to 致力于 ④be lost in 沉浸于 ⑤be occupied with 忙于 ⑥focus on 聚焦于 ⑦concentrate on 聚焦于 ⑧center on 聚焦于 3.­ee结尾的名词 ①employee 雇员 ②interviewee 受面试者 ③absentee 缺席者 ④attendee 出席者 ⑤devotee 狂热崇拜者 二　语块过关测＋练 1．on__a__day­to­day__basis 日复一日 2．drop__out 退出，脱离；辍学 3．be__tired__of 厌烦 4．take__on__challenges 接受挑战 5．apply__oneself__to__sth 努力；专心致志于某事 6．get__on 发迹；出人头地 7．turn__one's__back__on/upon 抛弃；背弃 8．make__sense 有意义；解释得通 9．boil__down__to__sth 归结为；概括，归纳；要点是 10．devote__...__to 专心于，致力于 1．(2023·新课标Ⅱ卷)I love taking__on__challenges. I once took up a challenge to create a painting every day for a month and post the works online. 2．(2024·浙江高考1月)However, if you're shopping for one, buying extra to benefit from price reductions doesn't make__sense. 3．(人教B1­U1)They drop__out of school because their families are too poor and they have to work like adults. 4．(2024·重庆渝北中学高三月考)She was__tired__of fighting and struggling all the time. 5．(外研B3­U1)After coming back from the US, Deng devoted himself whole－heartedly to the development of the “two bombs”. 三　句式迁移练 1．not ... but ... “不是……而是……”结构 【迁移创新】Not__your__income__but__your__value__in__society will bring you a sense of achievement. 不是你的收入，而是你在社会上的价值将带给你一种成就感。 2．“it's ... that ...”强调句型 【迁移创新】To be honest, nowhere else can you find a better Chinese Literature major suitable for you. It__is__in__this__university__that you can be completely soaked in Chinese profound history and rich culture. 老实说，没有比这更适合你的中国文学专业了。正是在这所大学，你可以完全沉浸在中国深厚的历史和丰富的文化中。 3．“get sth done”结构 【迁移创新】It is through reading English novels that you can get__your__English__improved gradually. 通过阅读英语小说，你的英语水平会逐渐得到提高。 4．“疑问词＋不定式”结构，可以用作主语、宾语和表语 【迁移创新】She explained to them what__to__do in an emergency. 她向他们说明了在紧急情况下应采取的行动。 Ⅰ　忆课文·语篇理解 For a lot of people, __1__ (become) a millionaire is a symbol of success and they set this as __2__ (they) ultimate goal. __3__， there are people __4__ have turned their backs on their millions and found other forms of success. Once Jason was a college professor with a huge six­bedroom house and a fortune of two million dollars. But today he lives in a small dormitory room with only second－hand furniture. Jason __5__ (appreciate) this change. He was tired of __6__ (regard) as living a successful life. He made the choice to give all his money away and live __7__ (simple). Knowing __8__ (million) of people died of hunger every year and had no chances to get on in life, he felt very __9__ (guilt) being a rich man and therefore he dropped __10__ of the wealthy lifestyle. 1．________　2.________　3.________　4.________　5.________　6.________　7.________　8.________　9．________　10.________ 答案：1.becoming　2.their　3.However　4.who/that　5.appreciates　6.being regarded　7.simply　8.millions　9.guilty　10.out As one of the Olympic athletes, I miss birthday parties, ruin family holidays and skip nights out, but there is a very good reason for giving up so much. It boils down __1__ this: I was born with __2__ enormous amount of drive and determination. I have always lived my life to __3__ (extreme). Call it unhealthy if you want, but that is the way I roll, no matter what it is I'm applying __4__ (I) to. __5__ your dream is to be the best and reach the winner's platform, you had better be totally committed to your sport even if it means getting __6__ (injury). It's all about that little extra thing you __7__ (do) in your preparation __8__ will set you apart from your competitors. It is certainly not a balanced way __9__ (live) and it is certainly not normal but those words are generally not used for anyone who __10__ (strive) for greatness. 1．________　2.________　3.________　4.________　5.________　6.________　7.________　8.________　9．________　10.________ 答案：1.to　2.an　3.extremes　4.myself　5.If　6.injured　7.have done　8.that　9.to live　10.is striving Ⅱ　学思悟·重点突破 1　 committed adj. 坚定的；尽心尽力的(☞commit vt. 承诺，保证；做(错事)，犯(罪)；投入(钱，时间，人力等) ☞commitment n. [C，U]许诺，承诺 [U](对工作或活动的)献身，奉献，投入) 【知识归纳】 (1)commit oneself to (doing) sth致力于(做)某事；承诺(做)某事 be committed to (doing) sth承诺(做)某事 commit a crime/mistake犯罪/错误 commit ... to ...　投入……于…… (2)make a commitment to sb/sth对某人/物作出承诺 make a commitment to do sth　保证/承诺做某事 【语用点拨】 ①I made a commitment to my mother that I would be a musician. Since then, I have been committed to practising the piano. 我对妈妈承诺，我会成为一名音乐家。从那时起， 我一直坚持练习弹钢琴。(演讲稿) ②Mr Li is a committed teacher, who is very popular among students. 李老师是一位尽职尽责的老师，很受学生欢迎。(人物介绍) ③Besides, the spirits of those devoted scientists have always inspired me to be more committed to my study. 此外，那些忠诚的科学家的精神总是激励我更加致力于我的研究。(人物介绍) 【语境运用】单句语法填空/完成句子 ①Tens of millions in Africa and Asia can see because of the commitment (commit) Wilson made to preventing the preventable. ②We will remain committed (commit) to the path of peaceful development and shoulder more international responsibilities. ③He quickly found that he loved playing this instrument and was committed to practising (practise) it so that within a couple of months he was playing reasonably well. ④你不必现在表态，只需考虑一下这件事。 You__don't__have__to__commit__yourself__now,__just think about it. 2　　injury n. 伤，损害(☞injure vt. (尤指在事故中)伤害；使受伤 ☞injured adj. 受伤的；有伤的) 【知识归纳】 (1)do an injury to sb＝do sb an injury 伤害某人 have/get/receive/suffer an injury 受伤 a head/leg/knee injury头部/腿部/膝盖受伤 personal injury人身伤害 (2)an injured leg 一条受伤的腿 the injured 伤员；受伤的人 get injured 受伤 【语用点拨】 ①The increasing traffic accidents have caused many injuries and deaths. 日益增加的交通事故导致很多伤亡。(报道) ②If you don't warm up before taking exercise, you risk injuring yourself. 如果你在锻炼之前不热身，你就有使自己受伤的风险。(建议信) ③They were lucky to escape injury.他们很幸运，没有受伤。(事件描述) 【语境运用】单句语法填空/完成句子 ①Race walking shares many fitness benefits with running, research shows, while most likely contributing to fewer injuries (injure)． ②The injured (injure) are being sent to hospital after the accident. ③When you have an injury you start putting stress on other parts of your body. ④(2023·新课标Ⅰ卷)一到那里，勒诺就接受了检查，随后被送往医院，在那里她得知自己的一个膝盖受了重伤。 Once there, Lenoue was assessed and later taken to a hospital, where she learned that she__had__serious__injuries in one of her knees. 3　 devote vt. 把……奉献给；专心致力于(☞devotion n. 忠诚，忠实；挚爱) 【知识归纳】 be devoted to 致力于……；专心于…… be lost in 陷入……；专心致志于…… be buried in 埋头于…… be occupied with 忙于…… be focused on 专注于…… be absorbed in 沉浸于…… 【语用点拨】 ①I was encouraged by Mom's words and learned that all I needed was just devotion to my work. 妈妈的话鼓舞了我，我知道我所需要的只是对工作的投入。(心理描写) ②I know your organization is devoted to reducing pollution. 我知道你们组织致力于减少污染。(申请信) ③All in all, it is high time that we devoted ourselves to protecting oceans. 总之，是我们致力于保护海洋的时候了。(倡议书) 【语境运用】单句语法填空/完成句子 ①Devoted (devote) to bringing up the secret of nature, the young scientist has little time for entertainment. ②The young man, who also seemed deeply buried (bury) in thought, raised his eyes. ③With our mind occupied (occupy) with work, we won't have time to worry. ④Absorbed (absorb) in their book, these children didn't feel hungry at all. ⑤(2023·新课标Ⅱ卷)Adults are portrayed (描绘) alone in many settings and poses—absorbed__in__a__volume (全神贯注地看书), deep in thought or lost__in__a__moment__ of__leisure (沉浸在片刻的休闲中). 4　 convince vt. 说服；使确信(☞convincing adj. 令人信服的；有说服力的 ☞convinced adj. 确信的；信服的) 【知识归纳】 (1)convince sb to do sth 说服某人做某事 convince sb of sth 使某人相信某事 convince sb that ... 使某人相信…… (2)be convinced of 确信……；相信…… be convinced that ... 确信…… 【语用点拨】 ①I hope this will convince you to change your mind.我希望这将说服你改变主意。(建议信) ②I'm fully convinced that you will have the most unforgettable experience during your college in Beijing. 我相信你在北京上大学一定会有最难忘的经历。(咨询信) ③He was convinced that he wasn't really ill and that it was all in the mind.他确信他真的没有生病，一切都是心理作用。(心理描写) 【语境运用】单句语法填空/完成句子 ①It's useless trying to convince her that she doesn't need to lose any weight. ②On closer investigation you will be convinced of his dishonesty. ③尽管我很快就使他相信我是清白的，但我认为他还是非常怀疑我的诚实。 Although I soon convinced__him__of my innocence, I think he still has serious doubts about my honesty. ④教师节来临时，哈米德说服全班同学让莫希表演。 When Teacher's Day came around, Hamed convinced__the__class__to__let Mohi perform. 5　ruin vt. 毁掉，糟蹋，毁坏　n. 遗迹；废墟 【知识归纳】 (1)ruin one's hope/future/chance 毁掉某人的希望/前程/机会 ruin oneself 自我毁灭 (2)be/lie in ruins 倒塌；破败不堪 fall into ruins 成为废墟；毁灭 【语用点拨】 ①Going to bed too late ruins your health, so you should quit this habit.太晚睡觉损害健康，因此你应该戒除这个习惯。(建议信) ②Huge modern hotels have fallen into ruins.庞然大物般的现代旅馆已经成为废墟。(地点描写) ③Her injury ruined her chances of winning the race.她受了伤，毁掉了赢得比赛的机会。(人物描写) 【语境运用】单句语法填空/完成句子 ①He was determined to build a new life out of the ruins (ruin) of his career. ②这座古老的庙宇已经破败不堪，需要修理。 The ancient temple has been in__ruins and needs repairing. ③如果你这样做了，你将无法处理它，并且整个事情将发展成一个令人不愉快的场面，这将毁掉每个人的一天。 If you do, you won't be able to handle it and the whole thing will develop into an unpleasant scene and that will__ruin__everyone's__day． 6 　promotion n. 提升，晋升；提倡；促销(☞promote vt. 提升；促销；促进) 【知识归纳】 (1)get a promotion 获得晋升 a sales promotion 促销活动 the promotion of a healthy lifestyle 提倡健康的生活方式 (2)promote sb to ... 提升某人为…… promote international cooperation 促进国际合作 get promoted 得到提升 【语用点拨】 ①He has been promoted to sergeant. 他已晋升为巡佐。(人物介绍) ②It's popular to promote goods sales through live­streaming. 直播带货很流行。(调查报告) ③All winning designs will be shared and promoted on the China Daily app, and winning designers will receive prizes! 所有获奖作品将在中国日报应用程序上分享和推广，获奖设计师将获得奖励！(邀请信) 【语境运用】单句语法填空/完成句子 ①Not getting a promotion was a real downer. ②There was a promotion (promote) in the supermarket and they were giving away free glasses of wine. ③Greenpeace works to promote__awareness__of__the__dangers (提高对危险的认识) that threaten our planet today. ④我晋升为编辑，之后又晋升为编辑部主任。 I__was__promoted__to editor and then editorial director. 7 make sense 有意义；解释得通 【知识归纳】 make no sense没意义 make sense of ... 理解……；弄懂…… common sense 常识 a sense of humour/direction/responsibility 幽默/方向/责任感 in a sense/in one sense/in some sense 从某种/一定意义上来讲 there is no sense in (doing) sth (做)某事是没有意义/必要的 【语境运用】单句语法填空/完成句子 ①The new study focused on whether dogs can make sense of human faces. ②What he says is right, in a sense. ③(2023·新课标Ⅰ卷)在对100名大学生进行的后续研究中，研究人员试图更好地了解小组成员在讨论中究竟做了什么。 In a follow­up study with 100 university students, the researchers tried to get__a__better__sense__of what the group members actually did in their discussion. 8 apply oneself to sth 努力；专心致志于某事(☞application n. 应用；申请；专心；应用程序 ☞applicant n. 申请人) 【知识归纳】 (1)apply (to ...) for ... (向……)申请…… (2)apply to do sth申请做某事 (3)apply sth to ...把某物应用于…… (4)be applied to ... 被应用于…… (5)apply to ...对……适用 【语境运用】单句语法填空/完成句子 ①Every time I see him, he is always applying himself (he) to his work. ②Apply the cream to exposed areas every three hours and after swimming. ③We've applied to a charitable organization for a grant for the project. ④(2023·新课标Ⅰ卷)如果你愿意努力，我觉得你会有很好的机会。 If you're willing to__apply__yourself,__I think you have a good shot at this. 9 “it's ... that ...”强调句型 【知识归纳】 (1)基本结构：It is/was＋被强调部分＋that/who＋其他部分；该句型可强调主语、宾语、状语等，但不能强调谓语。 (2)被强调部分指人时，可以用who代替that，其他情况一律用that。 (3)构成强调句型的it不能用其他词代替。 【语境运用】单句语法填空/完成句子 ①It was in 1966 that the then USA President Lyndon Johnson officially made the third Sunday of June Father's Day. ②It was we that/who met a great scientist in the meeting yesterday. ③他在操场上的恶劣行为让他的父母感到非常失望。 It__was__his__bad__behaviour in the playground that let his parents disappointed. 10 not ... but ... “不是……而是……”结构 【知识归纳】 (1)连接两个并列的名词、形容词、副词、短语或从句等；连接的前后内容在意义上为转折关系(否定前者，肯定后者)；在结构上为并列关系。 (2)连接并列主语时，谓语动词遵循“就近一致”原则。类似的还有or, either ... or, neither ... nor, not only ... but (also) ... 等。 【语境运用】单句语法填空 ①Not the students but the teacher is absent today. ②Sightseeing is best done either by tour bus or by bicycles. ③He has neither the policies nor the personal charisma to inspire people. Ⅲ　语基过关检测 维度一　单句语法填空 1．(2023·全国甲卷)Thankfulness has a lot of benefits: Research shows it makes us happier, less stressed and even more optimistic (optimism). 2．(2024·九省联考)However, many make a number of common mistakes, which can interfere (妨碍) with training or lead to injury (injure)． 3．(2024·河南洛阳等三地名校高三质量检测)China has made determined (determine) efforts to strengthen environmental protection over the past 50 years, an officer of Ecology and Environment said on 29 April. 4．It was only after his death that she learned of his special experience. 5．(2024·湖南师范大学附属中学高三月考)For every JK Rowling, there are thousands of ambitious (ambition) writers who will never get published. 6．She committed (commit) herself body and soul to fighting for the cause. 7．Darkness would make him more appreciative (appreciate) of sight; silence would teach him the joys of sound. 8．When discussing influential (influence) modern artists, three names immediately come to my mind. 9．(2024·湖北黄冈高三调研考试)Ada died of cancer aged only 36 and her work was largely recognised (recognise) until the 1950s when her notes were republished. 10．You've got a guilty (guilt)conscience—that's why you can't sleep. 维度二　语篇练习 根据提示，运用本单元的词汇、短语及句式或使用词汇的正确形式完成下面的语篇。 Lang Ping is one of China's most ①recognised (公认的) athletes. She has been a volleyball star for more than thirty­five years and has contributed greatly to the sport, which has made her ②the__most__popular__figure (最受欢迎的人) in China's volleyball history. Lang Ping played on China's national volleyball team during the 1980s. Her strong and powerful playing style earned her the name of ③Iron__Hammer (铁榔头). Lang was a member of the team when they achieved ④a__series__of__success (一系列的成功). After retiring as an athlete in 1986, she has been successful as a volleyball coach in the United States and Italy. In 1995, she returned to become the coach of the women's national team when the team was struggling. ⑤Under__her__leadership (在她的领导下), the team ⑥came__back__to__the__top (重回巅峰), winning the 2015 World Cup. She is loved not only ⑦because__of__her__devotion__to__her__career (因为她对事业的奉献), but also because of her huge influence on the sport of volleyball. Ⅳ　读写用·素养提升 维度一　一词多义/熟词生义 (一)根据语境选出加黑词contract的含义 A．n. 合同；契约　B．vt. (使)收缩　C．vt. 患上，感染(疾病)　D．vt. (与……)订立合同 1．The heart muscles contract to expel the blood.________ 2．The player is contracted to play until August. ________ 3．Don't sign into any contract before examining its conditions carefully. ________ 4．He contracted malaria while he was travelling.________ 答案：1.B　2.D　3.A　4.C (二)根据语境选出加黑词skip的含义 A．vi. 蹦跳着走　B．vt. 匆匆离开；跳过　C．vt. 不做(本来应做的事)，避免　D．vi. 扔(石块) 1．The bombers skipped the country shortly after the blast. ________ 2．She watched her little granddaughter skip down the path. ________ 3．She decided to skip the afternoon's class. ________ 4．Sometime, we play simple games such as skip stones across the lake or hide and seek to keep our youngest brother happy.________ 答案：1.B　2.A　3.C　4.D 维度二　构词法 (2023·浙江高考1月)As Kristian Hammond, professor of electrical engineering and computer science at Northwestern University, put it: “There's never a stage at which the system knows what it's talking about.” 合成词：前缀pro­＝forward意为向前，之前；词根fess＝speak意为说；后缀­or为名词后缀，意为“从事……的人；与……有关的人”； professor 意为教授。 维度三　长难句分析 (译林XB3­U1)Given these cultural differences, it comes as no surprise that Canada has been celebrating Multiculturalism Day since 2002. 一划主干：it__comes__as__no__surprise。 二括修饰：given是介词，相当于given (the fact) that，意为“考虑到，鉴于”； that引导主语从句。 三会意：考虑到这些文化差异，加拿大自2002年以来一直在庆祝多元文化政策节也就不足为奇了。 维度四　写作提能 完成句子/词汇升级/一句多译 1．虽然面临许多困难，我们对胜利仍充满信心。 (心理描写) We are in the face of difficulties, yet we still have__faith__in victory. 2．He wanted to communicate something; but I couldn't know what he was saying.(日记)make__sense__of 3．I believe that you'll have a profound comprehension of the ancient Chinese culture and economy, which will surely have your knowledge widened and your horizon broadened.(传统文化)I'm__fully__convinced 4．这不仅让我们接近自然、从繁重的学习中得到放松，还促进了我们之间的友谊。(报道) It__got__us__close to nature and gave us relaxation from heavy school work, and it promoted the friendship among us. ＝Not__only__did__it__get__us__close to nature and gave us relaxation from heavy school work, but it also promoted the friendship among us. 5．沉浸在作业中，他没有注意到天已经黑了。 Absorbed__in__his__homework,__he failed to notice it was getting dark.(absorb) ＝Lost__in__his__homework,__he failed to notice it was getting dark.(lose) ＝Occupied__with__his__homework,__he failed to notice it was getting dark.(occupy) 课时作业 Ⅰ.阅读 A (2024·浙江省强基联盟高三联考)A doctor walked into an operating room where an operation was being performed. Everything seemed to be going well, but the doctor noticed that no one was wearing a face mask. He was surprised—wearing a face mask is a basic hospital procedure. But he didn't say anything. The operation was a success, but a few days later the patient came down with a fever. It turned out that she had contracted a serious infection, probably because the doctors and nurses hadn't followed a simple rule. Atul Gawande was interested in that story and carried out a research on the importance of a checklist to boost hospital services. Gawande is a doctor himself, and in his research he suggests that if surgeons run through a simple checklist before every operation, then lives will be saved. And he's got the numbers to prove it. In 2001, an experiment at an American hospital required doctors to use a five­point checklist before they carried out specific procedures. The checklist was just a list of routine things doctor should normally do without thinking—wearing latex gloves, washing their hands before and after every patient, and so on. By making sure that the checklist was followed, there were almost no infections during the 27 months of the experiment, and they estimate that around eight lives were saved. When the checklist was tested again in hospitals in Michigan, infections went down by 66 percent. In his study, Gawande looks at other professions, too, to support his argument that checklists reduce accidents and improve success rates. He points out that people like engineers and pilots use checklists all the time, and he comes up with some good examples. Just imagine that an airplane crashed because the pilot had failed to follow basic procedures. Suppose a skyscraper collapsed because the engineers hadn't remembered to do some important calculations. People would demand that officials look into these events immediately. Gawande's study finding is really interesting and received much public attention. It reminds us that sometimes the easiest way to avoid making mistakes is to follow a very simple set of rules. It's relevant for all of us, not just for doctors. 篇章导读：本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了医生Atul Gawande (阿图尔·加万德)受到一个医疗事件的启发，着手研究如何通过严格执行操作程序清单提升医疗服务水平及其对其他行业的重要性。 1．The function of the first paragraph in this text is to ________． A．introduce the origin of the idea for Gawande's study B．explain the importance of the basic hospital procedure C．explore the causes of infections among patients in hospitals D．emphasize the urgency of providing relevant training to doctors 答案：A　推理判断题。根据第一段最后一句“It turned out that ... a simple rule.”和第二段第一句“Atul Gawande was interested in that story ... boost hospital services.”可推知，第一段的作用是介绍Atul Gawande的研究想法的来源。故选A。 2．What are the two experiments in Paragraph 2 intended to prove? A．Young medical staff need to follow the checklists. B．Checklists are necessary for hospitals in particular. C．Hospitals are required to maintain good management. D．Medical infections can be reduced by observing a set of rules. 答案：D　细节理解题。根据第二段中的“By making sure ... went down by 66 percent.”可知，两个实验都表明严格执行操作程序清单可以减少医疗感染。故选D。 3．What can we learn from Paragraph 3? A．Air crashes hardly occurred with the basic procedures. B．Gawande intends to promote his idea to other professions. C．High buildings may collapse due to engineers' miscalculations. D．It is a must for a pilot or engineer to use their checklists. 答案：D　推理判断题。根据第三段中的“He points out that ... do some important calculations.”可知，Gawande发现严格遵守操作程序对其他行业很重要，像工程师及飞行员等职业稍一疏忽就会造成重大的事故。由此可推知，飞行员或工程师必须严格执行操作程序清单。故选D。 4．What is the author's attitude toward Gawande's study? A．Unclear. B．Dismissive. C．Approving. D．Doubtful. 答案：C　推理判断题。根据最后一段内容可推知，作者认为Gawande的研究非常有价值，对其持认可的态度。故选C。 B (2024·广东省台山市高三月考)For most people, graduation is an exciting day, the celebration of years of hard work. My graduation day ... was not. I remember that weekend two years ago. Family and friends had flown in from across the country to watch our class walk across that stage. But like everyone else in my graduating class, I had watched the economy turn from bad to worse. What I thought would take a week dragged into two, and then four, and 100 job applications later, I found myself in the exact same spot as I was before. And the due date to begin paying back my student loans was creeping ever closer. You know that feeling when you wake up and you are just consumed with fear? Fear about something you can't control—that sense of approaching failure that remains over you as you hope that everything that happened to you thus far was just a bad dream? That feeling became a constant in my life. And the most frustrating part was no matter how much I tried, I just couldn't seem to make any progress. So what did I do to maintain my sanity (理智)? I wrote. Something about putting words on a page made everything seem a little clearer—a little brighter. Something about writing gave me hope. And if you want something badly enough ... sometimes a little hope is all you need! So I channeled my frustration into a children's book. And then one day, without any sort of writing degree or contacts in the writing world—just a lot of hard work and perseverance—I was offered a publishing contract for my first book! After that, things slowly began to fall into place. I was offered a second book deal. Then, a few months later, I got an interview with The Walt Disney Company and was hired shortly after. The moral of this story is ... don't give up. Even if things look bleak now, don't give up. Things change. If you work hard, give it time, and don't give up, things will always get better. Oftentimes all we need is the courage to push beyond the river. 篇章导读：本文是一篇夹叙夹议文。文章主要介绍了作者在毕业后经历了失败和恐惧，然后凭借坚持写作走出困境。 5．From Paragraph 2, we can learn that the author probably ________． A．was having an exciting graduation B．was getting into financial difficulties C．missed the life in the university D．had just applied for the student loans 答案：B　推理判断题。根据第二段中的“What I thought ... my student loans was creeping ever closer.”可知，作者在毕业后难以找到工作，而学生贷款还款期限日益逼近，由此可推知，作者陷入经济困难。故选B。 6．How did the author change the frustrating situation? A．By sending applications. B．By offering contracts. C．By keeping writing. D．By publishing books. 答案：C　细节理解题。根据倒数第二段中的“So what did I do to maintain my sanity (理智)? I wrote.”以及“So I channeled my frustration into a children's book.”可知，作者通过坚持写作来改变自己令人沮丧的处境。故选C。 7．Which of the following can replace the underlined word “bleak” in the last paragraph? A．unattractive B．hopeless C．thrilling D．promising 答案：B　词义猜测题。根据最后一段中的“The moral of this story is ... don't give up. Even if things look bleak now, don't give up.”可推知，让你放弃的事可能是无望的或者是糟糕的，所以能够替换bleak的词是hopeless。故选B。 8．What is the passage mainly about? A．Success belongs to the persevering. B．A contented mind is a perpetual (长久的) feast. C．A smooth sea never makes a skillful mariner. D．Misfortunes tell us what fortune is. 答案：A　主旨大意题。根据最后一段“The moral of this story is ... don't give up. ... is the courage to push beyond the river.”可知，本文主要谈论的是成功属于坚忍不拔的人。故选A。 Ⅱ.完形填空 (2024·福建省龙岩市上杭县第一中学高三月考)My mom had spent years as a stay­at­home mom. However, I could tell that she __1__ the working women. When I asked her about __2__ again, she would just tell me to concentrate on my education. My mom could make anyone __3__. She has the ability to reach everyone's __4__. I once asked, “Mom, have you ever __5__ being a stand­up comedian？” She laughed at the idea, but then began to cry and said it was too __6__ for her. I was sad to watch her struggle between __7__ and doubt. With her birthday coming, I realized what I __8__ wanted to give her was the __9__ to take a chance. I placed little notes of __10__ inside the present I had bought. I asked my family and her close friends to do the same. On her birthday, when she saw and read the notes, she started to __11__ with her hands full of notes. She could not believe the support was __12__， that everyone knew she had a special __13__ and believed in her. Within two months, my mom made a __14__ performance in a New York comedy club. Within a year, she was performing at the nation's major comedy club monthly. For many parents, their children's __15__ are their greatest achievement, but for me my mom's is mine. 篇章导读：本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者的母亲在作者的鼓励下实现梦想的故事。 1．A.trusted B．envied C．understood D．opposed 答案：B　trust 相信；envy 羡慕；understand 理解；oppose 反对。根据上文“My mom had spent years as a stay­at­home mom.”以及该句中的“However”可知，此处表示作者的母亲是羡慕职场女性的。故选B。 2．A.playing B．performing C．working D．exploring 答案：C　play 玩，演奏；perform 执行；work 工作；explore 探索。根据下文“being a stand­up comedian”可知，此处应表示作者问母亲关于工作的事情。故选C。 3．A.reflect B．calm C．pause D．laugh 答案：D　reflect 反射；calm 冷静；pause 暂停；laugh 大笑。根据下文“being a stand­up comedian”可推知，此处指母亲可以让任何人开怀大笑。故选D。 4．A.heart B．potential C．objective D．requirement 答案：A　heart 内心；potential 潜力；objective 目标；requirement 要求。根据上文提到的作者妈妈能让任何人开怀大笑，以及“has the ability to reach”可推知，此处指母亲有能力打动每个人的心。reach one's heart “触及某人的内心”，为固定搭配。故选A。 5．A.figured out B．thought about C．given up D．succeeded in 答案：B　figure out 弄明白；think about 思考；give up 放弃；succeed in 成功。根据下文“She laughed at the idea”可推知，此处指作者问母亲曾经有没有想过做一个单口喜剧演员。故选B。 6．A.fortunate B．shameful C．late D．boring 答案：C　fortunate 幸运的；shameful 可耻的；late 晚的；boring 无聊的。根据上文“then began to cry”可推知，此处指这个想法对于母亲来说太晚了。故选C。 7．A.ambition B．fear C．confusion D．trust 答案：A　ambition 抱负；fear 害怕；confusion 困惑；trust 信任。根据上文提到的母亲对于当单口喜剧演员的想法表示遗憾，以及该句中的“and doubt”可推知，此处应表示看着母亲在抱负和疑虑之间挣扎，作者很难过。故选A。 8．A.merely B．eventually C．gradually D．actually 答案：D　merely 仅仅；eventually 最终；gradually 逐渐；actually 实际上。根据下文“wanted to give her was the __9__ to take a chance”可知，此处指作者意识到真正想给母亲的是去尝试一下的力量。故选D。 9．A.strength B．guidance C．permission D．freedom 答案：A　strength 力量；guidance 指导；permission 许可；freedom 自由。根据上文“母亲在抱负和疑虑之间挣扎”以及该句中的“to take a chance”可推知，此处指作者意识到真正想给母亲的是去尝试一下的力量。故选A。 10．A.apology B．congratulation C．comment D．encouragement 答案：D　apology 道歉；congratulation 祝贺；comment 评论；encouragement 鼓励。根据下文“and believed in her”可推知，此处应表示作者给予母亲鼓励。故选D。 11．A.sweat B．weep C．rise D．practice 答案：B　sweat 流汗；weep 哭泣；rise 上升；practice 练习。根据下文“She could not believe”可推知，此处应表示母亲看到并读到这些鼓励的纸条时，感动地哭泣。故选B。 12．A.timely B．constant C．real D．limited 答案：C　timely 及时的；constant 经常发生的；real 真正的；limited 有限的。 根据上文提到母亲看到并读到这些鼓励的纸条时，她开始哭泣，以及“She could not believe the support was”可知，母亲不敢相信这种支持是真的。故选C。 13．A.gift B．hobby C．taste D．need 答案：A　根据上文“My mom could make anyone __3__. She has the ability to reach everyone's __4__．”以及设空前“special”可知，此处应表示每个人都知道母亲有特殊的天赋，并相信她。故选A。 14．A.regular B．disappointing C．successful D．conventional 答案：C　regular 常规的；disappointing 令人失望的；successful 成功的；conventional 传统的。根据下文“Within a year, she was performing at the nation's major comedy club monthly.”可知，母亲的演出是成功的。故选C。 15．A.interests B．supports C．outlooks D．careers 答案：D　根据该句中的“are their greatest achievement”可知，此处应表示对许多父母来说，孩子的事业是他们最大的成就，但对作者来说，母亲的事业是作者最大的成就。故选D。 1 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$