主题3 必修1 UNIT 3 SPORTS AND FITNESS-【金版教程】2025年高考英语一轮复习创新方案word（新教材，主题版）

金版教程 高考科学复习解决方案 英语（主题版） 一　词汇过关测＋练 1．injure　in­不，非；­jur 法律，公正，词源同jury，justice→审判不公；引申为使受伤；损害 2．captain　来自词根cap，头，词源同chief，cape；­ain为名词后缀→带头的人，领头的人；引申为(运动队)队长，船长，机长 3．pretend　pre­在前；向前；­tend 延伸，伸展→伸展太过前，而超出了实际情况；引申为假装，装扮 4．audience　audi­听；­ence为名词后缀→听的人；引申为观众；听众 5．legend　leg­诵读；­end为名词后缀→被读的东西；引申为传说；传奇故事(或人物) 1．soccer n. 足球；足球运动 2．event n. 比赛项目；大事；公开活动 3．gym n. 健身房；体育馆 4．jog vi. 慢跑　n. 慢跑 5．million num. 一百万 6．marathon n. 马拉松赛跑 7．master n. 高手；主人　vt. 精通；掌握 8．rather adv. 相当；有点儿 9．medal n. 奖章；勋章 10．ski adj. 滑雪的　vi. 滑雪 11．apart adv. 分离；分开；成碎片 12．graceful adj. 优美的；优雅的 13．stadium n. 体育场；运动场 14．track n. 跑道；足迹；铁路轨道　vt.& vi. 追踪；跟踪 15．error n. 错误；差错 16．cheat vi. 作弊；舞弊　vt. 欺骗；蒙骗　n. 欺骗手段；骗子 17．diet n. 规定饮食；日常饮食　vi. 节食 18．positive adj. 积极的；正面的；乐观的；肯定的 19．slim adj. 苗条的；单薄的 20．audience n. 观众；听众 1．(2023·新课标Ⅰ卷)Taking responsibility for mistakes is a positive (积极的) step, but don't beat yourself up about them. 2．(2024·广东四校联考)The longest track and field event (比赛项目) at the Summer Olympics is the 50­kilometer race walk, which is about five miles longer than the marathon. 3．(2022·北京高考)If you believe you have received the email in error (错误), email the PASS office at passoffice@umbs. edu. 4．(2022·新高考Ⅰ卷)Considering your excellent English, I sincerely invite you to attend our program to share useful learning strategies with the whole audience (观众)．(应用文写作之邀请信) 5．Study hard and study everyday, if you want to master (精通) English language. 6．Besides, we are required to routinely keep a balanced diet (日常饮食), which enables us to feel energetic and get refreshed. (饮食健康) 7．(2024·嘉兴模拟)I had a good chance of getting away with it, but I didn't want to win by cheating (欺骗). 8．I began by jogging (慢跑) in the park and worked up to running five miles a day. 1．fitness n. 健康；健壮；适合→fit adj. 适合的；健康的　vt.& vi. 适合→unfit adj. 不适合的；不健康的 vt.& vi. 不适合；不相宜 2．host vt. 主办；主持　n. 主人；东道主；节目主持人→hostess n. 女主人 3．sweat vt. 使出汗；出汗弄湿　vi. 出汗；流汗　n. 汗水；出汗→sweaty adj. 满是汗水的；汗水湿透的 4．legend n. 传奇故事(或人物)；传说→legendary adj. 传说中的；非常有名的 5．athlete n. 运动员；运动健儿→athletic adj. 健壮的；运动的 6．honour n. 荣誉；尊敬；荣幸→honourable adj. 可敬的；体面的→honoured adj. 受尊敬的 7．glory n. 荣誉；光荣；赞美→glorious adj. 光荣的；辉煌的 8．championship n. 锦标赛；冠军赛；冠军称号→champion n. 冠军；优胜者 9．determination n. 决心；决定→determine v. 决心；决意→determined adj. 坚决的；下定决心的，有决心的 10．injure vt. 使受伤；损害→injured adj. 受伤的；有伤的→injury n. 伤害；损伤 11．strength n. 力量；体力→strengthen v. 增强→strong adj. 强壮的 12．failure n. 失败；失败的人(或事物)→fail v. 失败 13．compete vi. 竞争；对抗→competition n. 竞争；比赛→competitor n. 竞争者；对手→competitive adj. 竞争的 14．stress n. 压力；紧张；重音　vt. 强调；重读；使焦虑不安　vi. 焦虑不安 →stressful adj. 造成压力的→stressed adj. 感到压力的 1．As the youngest competitor,__I must be very competitive to be the winner in the spelling competition to be held next week. (compete) 2．My sister is a determined girl, so we know that once she has determined to do something, she will make her dream come true with great determination．(determine) 3．The soldier got injured in the battle and suffered a serious injury in the left ankle.(injure) 4．Though the art show failed to attract as many visitors as we had expected, it was far from being a failure;__it was a great success.(fail) 5．After a stressful week of work, all the employees were extremely stressed and tired. They complained that few could work efficiently under stress. (stress) 6．The man looks strong,__but he hasn't enough physical strength to lift the heavy box. He needs to strengthen his body.(strong) 7．When it comes to physical fitness,__this family has all the devices to keep fit．(fit) 8．Harrison had a glorious career spanning more than six decades. When retired, he came home, covered in glory．(glory) 1 event [熟义]　n. 大事 [生义]　n. 比赛项目或体育赛事；公开活动 ①The relay race is an exciting event of the Olympics. 接力赛是奥运会中令人激动的比赛项目。 ②We supported each other financially and by showing up at events. 我们不仅在财力上，还通过参加公开活动来相互支持。 2 track [熟义]　v. 追踪；跟踪　n. 足迹；铁路轨道 [生义]　n. 跑道；竞赛运动 They ran five times round the track. 他们绕跑道跑了五圈。 3 honour [熟义]　n. 光荣；荣誉；荣幸 [生义]　n. 光荣的人/事；尊敬 ①She's an honour to her family and her country. 她是家庭和国家的光荣。 ②Children should be taught to show honour to their elders. 应该教育孩子尊敬长者。 4 strength [熟义]　n. 体力；力量 [生义]　n. 意志力；实力；优势，长处 ①I hope you have the strength to start all over again. 我希望你能有勇气从头再来。 ②Political power depends on economic strength. 政治权力取决于经济实力。 ③The ability to keep calm is one of her many strengths. 能够保持冷静是她的多项长处之一。 5 positive [熟义]　adj. 积极的；乐观的；肯定的 [生义]　adj. 正的；阳性的；正面的 However, no positive results were obtained from the two experiments. 然而，两个实验都没有得到阳性结果。 小积累 1.“跑”的多样性 ①jog v．& n. 慢跑 ②run v．& n. 跑步；奔跑 ③rush v．& n. 冲；奔 ④dash v．& n. 猛冲；急奔 ⑤flee v. 逃跑 ⑥race v．& n. 赛跑 2．­en后缀高频动词集锦 ①shorten 缩短 ②lengthen 加长 ③widen 加宽 ④broaden 加宽 ⑤deepen 加深 ⑥lighten 减轻 3．“偶尔；有时”多样表达 ①at times ②once in a while ③from time to time ④on occasion ⑤occasionally 二　语块过关测＋练 1．come__along 跟随；到达；进步；赶快 2．work__out 锻炼；计算出；解决 3．make__it 获得成功，成功做到；准时到达 4．fall__apart 破裂；破碎；崩溃 5．lose__heart 丧失信心；泄气 6．give__up 放弃；投降 7．make__sense 有道理；合乎情理；表述清楚 8．pretend__to__do__sth 假装做某事 5．A teacher should set__an__example for students by behaving himself very well at any moment. 6．To keep physically healthy, the experts strongly suggest cutting__out alcohol in our daily lives. 7．As long as you have a dream, keep trying and you'll make__it． 8．(2021·新高考Ⅰ卷·惊喜早餐)With everything a total mess in the kitchen, the twins felt as if the whole world had fallen__apart on them. 1．(2023·新课标Ⅰ卷)There you will find them prepared differently—more dumpling and less soup, and the wrappers are pressed by hand rather__than rolled. 2．Hard as he tried, he fell behind others, but he didn't give__up. 3．To work__out the difficult maths problem, I have consulted Professor Russell several times. 4．(2022·北京高考)His presentation not only awed and inspired me, but also helped emerge an inner desire to make__a__difference in the world. 9．make__a__difference 有作用，有影响 10．cut__(__...__)__out 停止做(或使用、食用)；剪下 11．compare__...__with/to__...__ 与……比较 12．set__an__example 树立榜样 13．even__if/though 即使；虽然 14．rather__than 而不是 15．now__and__then 有时；偶尔 16．be__up__to__sb 取决于某人；由某人负责 17．be__positive__about 对……积极 三　句式迁移练 1．sb/sth seems/seemed＋不定式；It seems/seemed that 【教材原句】In the final seconds of a game, Jordan always seemed to find a way to win.[P38] 在比赛的最后几秒钟，乔丹似乎总能找到制胜的方法。 【语境体悟】(2023·全国甲卷)“There was once a town in the heart of America, where all life seemed to enjoy peaceful existence with its surroundings，” her fable begins, borrowing some familiar words from many age－old fables. “在美国的中心地带曾经有一个小镇，那里所有的生命似乎都与周围的环境和平共处，”她的寓言这样开始，从许多古老的寓言中借用了一些熟悉的词语。 【迁移创新】(2023·浙江高考1月·人鸟情)The bird seemed__to__be__waiting__for me, its beady eyes locked on mine as if trying to convey some deep, unspoken gratitude. →It__seemed__that the bird was waiting for me, its beady eyes locked on mine as if trying to convey some deep, unspoken gratitude. (it作形式主语) 这只鸟似乎在等我，它那双亮晶晶的小眼睛盯着我，似乎在试图表达某种深深的、不言而喻的感激之情。 2．even if/though 引导让步状语从句 【教材原句】I agree with the idea that a soccer player should never pretend to fall down even if it helps his/her team.[P41] 我同意足球运动员不应该假装摔倒的观点，尽管这对他/她的球队有帮助。 【语境体悟】(2023·浙江高考1月)When you're riding on trains, you won't be provided with a blanket for free, even if your trip is an overnight one. 当你乘坐火车时，即使你的旅行是通宵的，也不会免费为你提供毯子。 【迁移创新】Even__though/if__I__will__not__pursue__it__as__my__life__career,__I will still continue learning and playing piano as my hobby. 即使我不把它作为我的终身事业，我仍然会继续把学习和弹钢琴作为我的爱好。 Ⅰ忆课文·主题理解 Lang Ping, who is loved by fans at home and abroad, not only brought honour and glory to China __1__ led the China women's volleyball team to medals at world championships and the Olympics. When the Chinese team was preparing for the 2015 World Cup, her determination __2__ (test). Her team was falling apart, as she lost two important players. But Lang Ping did not lose heart. Although __3__ (face) difficulties, she knew that her young players could win if they worked together as a team. Two weeks __4__ (late), they were world champions! Then in 2016, Lang Ping led her volleyball team to Olympic gold in Brazil. Michael Jordan, __5__ (know) as “Air Jordan”， changed basketball with his graceful moves and jumps. Jordan's skills were impressive, but his mental __6__ (strong) made him unique. In the final seconds of __7__ game, Jordan always seemed to find a way to win. Jordan's secret to success is learning from his __8__ (fail). Losing games taught him to practise harder and never give __9__. In life, Jordan has learnt to share his success with others. The Boys and Girls Club __10__ he started has been helping young people since 1996. 1．________　2.________　3.________　4.________　5.________　 6.________　7.________　8.________ 9．________　10.________ 答案：1.but　2.was tested　3.facing　4.later　5.known　6.strength　7.a　8.failures　9.up　10.that/which I always wanted to look like the slim girls on TV even though I knew that it was __1__ (possible). I worried about my weight and tried every new diet I read about online. I tried no－fat, low－fat, only bananas, no bananas—I almost __2__ (go) bananas, too. When I read an article __3__ said instead of asking “Am I fat？” I should be asking “Am I fit？”， I had no idea a letter could make such __4__ difference! Once I started thinking about __5__ (fit) rather than weight, things began to change. Rather than __6__ (cut) out the foods I enjoyed, I added healthy foods to my meals. I could still have a burger now __7__ then, but I would add a salad or an apple. Finally, I stopped __8__ (compare) myself with actresses and models and looking for things that were wrong with my face or body. Instead, I made a list of the things I liked about __9__ (I). By being positive about my body, I became __10__ (health)． 1．________　2.________　3.________　4.________　5.________　6.________　 7.________　8.________9．________　10.________ 答案：1.impossible　2.went　3.that/which　4.a　5.fitness　6.cutting　7.and　8.comparing　9.myself 10．healthier Ⅱ 学思悟·重点突破 1 honour n. 荣誉；尊敬；荣幸　v. 尊敬；尊重(☞honourable adj. 可敬的；体面的☞honoured adj. 受尊敬的) 【知识归纳】 (1)be honoured for ... 因……而受到尊敬/赢得荣誉 be honoured with ... 被授予……荣誉 (2)have the honour to do/of doing sth 有幸做某事 It is one's honour to do sth 做某事是某人的荣幸 in honour of sb＝in sb's honour 为了纪念某人；为向某人表示敬意 (3)be/feel honoured to do sth 做某事感到荣幸 【语用点拨】 在应用文写作中的演讲稿、发言稿、致辞等文体中可以广泛使用be/feel honoured to do sth或 have the honour to do/of doing sth “有幸做某事”；It is one's honour to do sth “做某事是某人的荣幸”。在人物介绍类文体中可以使用in honour of sb或in sb's honour表示“纪念某人或向某人致敬”。 【语境运用】单句语法填空/完成句子/一句多译 ①The Chinese scientist Tu Youyou was__honoured (honour) with the Noble Prize for her contribution in treating malaria. (人物介绍) ②为了向老师表达敬意，我们每年庆祝教师节。 We celebrate Teacher's Day every year in__honour__of__teachers． ③(2022·新高考Ⅰ卷·访谈邀请)我很荣幸邀请你参加我们学校广播电台的英语节目《谈话》的采访。 It__is__my__great__honour/a__great__honour__for__me__to__invite__you__to attend an interview on the English program “Talk and talk” in our school's radio station.(honour) ＝I__am/feel__honoured__to__invite__you__to attend an interview on the English program “Talk and talk” in our school's radio station.(honoured) 2 strength n. 力量；体力；强项(☞strengthen v. 增强☞ strong adj. 强壮的) 【知识归纳】 (1)have the strength to do sth 有力气做某事 with all one's strength用尽全力 build up one's strength/body 强身健体 (2)strength(s) and weakness(es) 优势和劣势 【语用点拨】 strength可以运用于应用文写作，比如运动健康话题可以用build up one's strength 表示“强身健体”，救援类续写中可以使用with all one's strength表示“用尽全力”。 【语境运用】单句语法填空/完成句子 ①(2022·浙江高考1月)Knowing my strengths (strong) and weaknesses all too well, I decided to focus on the task of working with the subjects. ②(2024·湖北武汉模拟·活动意义)在我看来，它不仅促进了中国传统文化的传承，也增强了我们的民族自豪感。 In my view, it not only promoted the inheritance of Chinese traditional culture but strengthened__our__national__pride as well. ③她挥着手，用尽全力大声呼救。仿佛过了一个世纪，她才听到有人大喊着回应她。 She waved and cried for help with__all__her__strength. It seemed like a century later when she heard someone yelling back to her. ④然而，有时我们需要利用团队的力量来完成任务。 However, sometimes we need to use the__strength__of__groups to get things done. 3 compete vi. 竞争；对抗(☞competition n. 竞争；比赛☞competitor n. 竞争者；对手☞competitive adj. 竞争的) 【知识归纳】 compete with/against sb 和某人竞争 compete for sth 为……而竞争 compete in sth 在……中竞争 【语境运用】单句语法填空/完成句子 ①(2023·新课标Ⅰ卷)Her delay came because she was carrying a competitor (compete) across the finish line. ②(2022·新高考Ⅰ卷)With a workout partner, you will increase your training effort as there is a subtle competition (compete)． ③人生就像一场漫长的竞赛，我们与别人竞争来超越自己。(读后续写之主旨升华) Life is like a long competitive race in which we__compete__with__others__to__go__beyond_ _ourselves. 4 stress n. 压力；紧张；重音　vt. 强调；重读；使焦虑不安　vi. 焦虑不安(☞stressful adj. 紧张的；压力大的☞stressed adj. 感到压力的) 【知识归纳】 (1)under stress 在压力下；承受压力 lay/place/put stress on ... 强调…… (2)stress the importance of ... 强调……的重要性 It is stressed that ... 着重指出……；有人强调 (3)stressed out 压力大的；焦虑不安的 【语境运用】单句语法填空/完成句子 ①(2023·全国甲卷)Research shows thankfulness makes us happier, less stressed (stress) and even more optimistic. ②你最好早点到，因为中国人重视守时。(文化礼仪) You'd better arrive a little earlier because Chinese stress__the__importance__of__punctuality． ③此外，经过一整天的学习，打篮球放松一下，可以提神醒脑，从而缓解压力并提高学习效率。(体育活动意义) Besides, playing basketball to relax after a whole day's study can refresh our mind, thus relieving__stress and enhancing learning efficiency. ④(2023·全国甲卷·介绍历史人物)Confucius stressed__the__self­cultivation (强调修身养性), respect for elders, and the pursuit of knowledge, which serves as a guiding light in our fast­paced and interconnected world. 5 give up 放弃；投降 【知识归纳】 give in 屈服；投降 give out 分发；用光；耗尽 give away 赠送；泄露 give off 散发(光和热等) give way to 给……让路；为……所取代 【语境运用】单句语法填空/完成句子 ①If plastics and rubber are burnt, they'll give off poisonous gases. ②Jane tried to keep up a calm appearance, but her trembling voice gave her away． ③It's also a good idea for us to give out booklets to advocate civilized behavior. ④(2023·新课标Ⅰ卷)When I finally finished it, the thought of winning had given__way__to (为……所取代) the enjoyment of writing. ⑤During the learning process, I encountered difficulties like understanding manual settings and capturing the perfect shot but, I didn't give__up (放弃) and sought guidance from experienced photographers. 6 make sense 有道理；合乎情理；表述清楚 【知识归纳】 make sense of 理解；弄明白 in no sense 绝不(位于句首，句子部分倒装) There is no sense/point (in) doing sth 做某事没有道理 It doesn't make sense to do sth＝It makes no sense to do sth 做某事没有道理 【语境运用】单句语法填空/完成句子/一句多译 ①In no sense should you lost heart; keep trying and you will make it sooner or later. ②我认为，现在因为它感到沮丧是没有道理的。 As far as I'm concerned, there__is__no__sense/point__getting__upset about it now. ③(2023·新高考Ⅰ卷·分组建议)在我看来，根据学生的语言能力对他们进行分组或让学生选择自己的搭档是有意义的。 From my point of view, it__makes__sense__to group students based on their language abilities or to let students choose their own partners. ＝From my point of view, grouping students based on their language abilities or letting students choose their own partners makes__sense. 7 cut ... out 停止做(或使用、食用)；剪下 【知识归纳】 cut in 插嘴；打断 cut up 切碎；抨击 cut off 中断；切掉 cut across 抄近路穿过(某地) cut down (on) 砍倒；削减；缩小 【语境运用】用cut的相关短语填空 ①The current advice to pregnant women is to cut__out alcohol. ②I usually cut__across the park on my way home so that I can arrive home early. ③She kept on cutting__in on our conversation, which made us very annoyed. ④He cut(s)__up the meat for his little dog. ⑤The town was cut__off from the rest of the world due to the heavy snow. ⑥Immediate action should be taken, like stopping cutting__down trees, to better the environment. 8 even if/though 引导让步状语从句 【知识归纳】 (1)用although, though, even though, even if 等引导让步状语从句，意为“尽管，虽然”。 (2)用when和while引导让步状语从句，意为“尽管，虽然”。 (3)用whether ... or ... 引导让步状语从句，意为“不管/无论……都”。 (4)用whatever, whoever, however, whenever, wherever等或no matter what/who/how/when/where等引导让步状语从句，意为“不管/无论什么/谁/怎样/何时/何地……”。 (5)用as引导让步状语从句，意为“虽然，尽管”。从句要用倒装结构，即将表语、状语或动词原形提到as前面。 (6)regardless of, despite, in spite of ＋名词/动名词/名词性从句，也可以引导让步状语从句，意为“尽管，虽然”。 【语境运用】单句语法填空/完成句子 ①Whatever our hobbies are, the Internet can connect us with others who also enjoy doing them, even if they live on the other side of the world. ②Much as she had experienced before, just a peak of that piles of money, she was rooted the spot, widening her eyes and mouth. (读后续写之动作描写) ③Whether she wins or loses, this is her last chance. ④尽管有这些不利因素，她仍拒绝放弃。 Despite/In__spite__of/Regardless__of__all__these__discouragements,__she still refused to give up. Ⅲ　语基过关检测 维度一　单句语法填空 1．(2022·新高考Ⅰ卷·读后续写)At my words, with tears rolling down his cheeks, David turned to me and firmly expressed his determination (determine) to finish the cross­country run. 2．(2022·浙江高考1月)Above all, I hoped he wouldn't assign me to work with the fiercely competitive (compete), extremely serious fellow who always wore dark clothes and apparently had a personality to match. 3．Facing up to your problems rather than pretending (pretend) not to see them is the best approach to working things out. 4．The captain recovered from his injury (injure) soon with the help of skilled doctors and nurses. 5．Anyone, regardless of their age or level of fitness (fit), can practice and benefit from tai chi. 6．It must be__stressed (stress) that people making friends online should avoid being cheated. 7．(2022·天津高考)Compared (compare) to all the white girls around me, with their golden hair and delicate lips, I, a black girl, had curly hair and full, red lips. 8．The ability to keep calm is one of her many strengths (strength)． 9．It was his graceful (grace) moves and jumps that motivated me into basketball. 10．Given the failure (fail) of the previous plan, this turned out to be a relative success. 维度二　语篇练习 根据提示，运用本单元的词汇、短语及句式或使用词汇的正确形式完成下面的语篇。 As an athlete, he likes a variety of sports, such as soccer, boxing, badminton, skiing, and track and field sports like marathon and ①jogging (jog). He once won championships in many sports events. He got not only medals for himself, ②but also honour and glory for his country. Over the years, he has been inspired by ③millions (million) of audience. However, he used to put on weight and he was afraid his health would ④fall__apart (崩溃；倒塌). So he ⑤went__on__a__diet (节食；减肥) with determination and tried to be slim and graceful. He knew that exercise and dieting would ⑥make__a__great__difference (起很大的作用) to one's fitness. Sometimes, he was injured, but he never gave up exercising. He thinks ⑦it makes sense to do so. His fitness has improved a lot compared with the past. In addition, he has always been against ⑧cheating (cheat) in sports, against pretending to fall, and has tried to avoid errors in matches. No sweet without sweat. He sets ⑨a positive example for all the athletes. Ⅳ　读写用·素养提升 维度一　一词多义/熟词生义 (一)根据语境选出加黑词work out的含义 A．锻炼　B．制定出　C．进展顺利　D．解决 E．计算出 1．(2020·新高考Ⅰ卷)Although it was a hard time and things were tight for everybody, Bernard's business worked out quite well.________ 2．(2022·全国甲卷)Countries should team up with one another to work out practical plans regarding ocean protection. ________ 3．With great efforts the soldier worked out the problem. ________ 4．If you plan on working out in a gym, that person must belong to the same gym. ________ 5．Can you work out how much your holiday journey will cost？________ 答案：1.C　2.B　3.D　4.A　5.E (二)根据语境写出加黑词的含义 1．(2023·浙江高考1月)Thanks to Beijing's long history as capital of China, almost every hutong has its stories, and some are even associated with historic events. 重大事件 2．He was thrown out of the Olympic team after testing positive for drugs. 阳性的 维度二　构词法 (2023·全国甲卷)As grizzly bears expand their range into places where they haven't been seen in a century or more, they're increasingly being sighted by humans. 名词转动词：sight常用作名词，表示视力，景象，看见等。此句中sight转换为动词，意为：看见；撞见。 维度三　长难句分析 (2023·新课标Ⅰ卷)You'll hear these participants' stories and learn what strategies worked well for them, and what traps they encountered that you should avoid. 一划主干：You'll__hear__stories__and__learn＋宾语从句。 二括修饰：learn后有两个由what引导的宾语从句，that引导定语从句。 三会意：你将了解到这些参与者的故事，知悉哪些策略对他们有效，以及他们遇到了哪些你应当避免的陷阱。 维度四　写作提能 完成句子/词汇升级/一句多译 1．营救队像箭一样冲往现场，给伤者实施急救，然后急忙把他们送往最近的医院。(读后续写之动作描写) The rescue team dashed to the spot like arrows, offered/provided/performed__first__ aid__to__the__injured and then rushed them to the nearest hospital. 2．练习中国功夫不仅可以使我们强身健体，还可以完善我们的性格。 Practicing Chinese Kungfu can__not__only__build__up__our__strength,__but__also__ develop__our__character．(strength) 3．(2021·浙江高考)At that time, I decided to go on working on the farm so that I could help support my family. determined 4．希望我的建议能对你有所帮助。(应用文写作之建议信) I hope my advice will__be__helpful for you. ＝Hopefully,__my suggestions will make__a__difference to you. 5．我非常荣幸地代表全体学生向大家表示最热烈的欢迎。 On behalf of all the students, I feel__greatly__honoured to express our warmest welcome to all of you.(honoured) ＝On behalf of all the students, it__is__a__great__honour to express our warmest welcome to all of you.(honour) 课时作业 Ⅰ.阅读 A (2024·广东省珠海市斗门区第一中学高三阶段性考试)For me, a large part of growing from a girl into a woman was developing a hatred for my body. When I was a kid, I didn't think about my body all that much. My attitudes towards my body changed around middle school when people were talking about staying “in shape” and going on diets. And thus I started to internalize the harmful standard that we have to look good all the time. Looks are given far too much importance in our society. Women are supposed to look perfect all the time. We're supposed to idolize (崇拜) celebrities who have far more time and money to spend on their appearance than the average person. It's simply not attainable. I love the idea of body positivity. I firmly believe that everyone should try to love themselves as much as possible. However, it's almost impossible to love every part of your body all the time. Personally, I could never achieve that. It's a good idea to promote body positivity in theory, but it also allows us to beat ourselves up because we don't love ourselves all the time. Body neutrality (中立) is a much more attainable goal. Body neutrality promotes the idea that your body is simply your body instead of thinking something is good or bad. This mentality is easier to achieve, and it doesn't force you to try to love things you don't love. We don't need to love every part of our body—it's just a body. Another way to view your body is to be thankful for everything that it does for you rather than how it looks. For example, I am grateful that my body allows me to go skiing because I love skiing. This shift in mentality can be helpful because it focuses on your body's ability to do things you love, instead of your appearance. Ultimately, the ideal mentality is loving every part of your body all the time. However, the more realistic alternative is accepting your body for what it is and what it does for you. Love can come after, but neutrality is a good place to start. 篇章导读：本文是一篇夹叙夹议文。文章讲述了作者在中学前后改变了对身体的态度，建议我们保持“身体中立”态度。 1．Why did the author change her attitude towards appearance around middle school? A．Because she was influenced by others. B．Because she began to dislike her body. C．Because she thought it important to stay in shape. D．Because she failed to meet her school's standards. 答案：A　推理判断题。根据第一段中的“My attitudes towards my body changed ... all the time.”可知，当别人开始谈论保持“身材”和节食的时候，作者对自己身体的态度发生了改变，由此可推知，作者是受了别人的影响。故选A。 2．What is the author's attitude towards body positivity? A．Supportive. B．Doubtful. C．Prejudiced. D．Indifferent. 答案：B　推理判断题。根据第三段中的“It's a good idea ... all the time.(从理论上讲，提高身体积极性是个好主意，但这也会让我们自责，因为我们并不总是爱自己。)”可推知，作者对身体积极性的态度是怀疑的。故选B。 3．What does body neutrality promote? A．Pursuing perfection in terms of body image. B．Trying to change your appearance constantly. C．Loving every part of your body unconditionally. D．Accepting your body as it is without judgment. 答案：D　细节理解题。根据第四段中的“Body neutrality promotes the idea ... it's just a body.(身体中立是指你的身体就是你的身体，而不去想身材好还是坏。这种心态更容易实现，它不会强迫你去爱你不喜欢的东西。我们不需要爱我们身体的每一个部分——它只是一具身体。)”可知，身体中立提倡的是客观地看待身体，也就是不加评判地接受你的身体。故选D。 4．What is the suggested mentality towards your body? A．Ignoring its limitations. B．Focusing on appearance. C．Being grateful for its capabilities. D．Being critical of its imperfections. 答案：C　细节理解题。根据最后一段中的“However, the more realistic ... what it does for you.(然而，更现实的选择是接受你的身体和它对你的作用。)”可知，作者建议你对自己身体的心态就是接受你的身体，也就是对身体的作用和能力表示感激。故选C。 B (2022·全国乙卷)The Government's sugar tax on soft drinks has brought in half as much money as Ministers first predicted it would generate, the first official data on the policy has shown. First announced in April, 2016, the tax which applies to soft drinks containing more than 5g of sugar per 100ml, was introduced to help reduce childhood obesity (肥胖). It is believed that today's children and teenagers are consuming three times the recommended level of sugar, putting them at a higher risk of the disease. Initially the sugar tax was expected to make ￡520m a year for the Treasury. However, data of the first six months showed it would make less than half this amount. At present it is expected to generate ￡240m for the year ending in April 2019, which will go to school sports. It comes after more than half of soft drinks sold in shops have had their sugar levels cut by manufacturers (制造商) so they can avoid paying the tax. Drinks now contain 45 million fewer kilos of sugar as a result of manufacturers' efforts to avoid the charge, according to Treasury figures. Since April drinks companies have been forced to pay between 18p and 24p for every litre of sugary drink they produce or import, depending on the sugar content. However, some high sugar brands, like Classic Coca Cola, have accepted the sugar tax and are refusing to change for fear of upsetting consumers. Fruit juices, milk­based drinks and most alcoholic drinks are free of the tax, as are small companies manufacturing fewer than 1m litres per year. Today's figures, according to one government official, show the positive influence the sugar tax is having by raising millions of pounds for sports facilities (设施) and healthier eating in schools. Helping the next generation to have a healthy and active childhood is of great importance, and the industry is playing its part. 篇章导读：本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了英国政府征收糖税来缓解儿童肥胖问题，取得了良好效果。 5．Why was the sugar tax introduced? A．To collect money for schools. B．To improve the quality of drinks. C．To protect children's health. D．To encourage research in education. 答案：C　细节理解题。根据第二段中的“the tax which applies to ... was introduced to help reduce childhood obesity (肥胖)”可知，征收糖税的目的是帮助儿童减少肥胖，即保护儿童的健康。故选C。 6．How did some drinks companies respond to the sugar tax? A．They turned to overseas markets. B．They raised the prices of their products. C．They cut down on their production. D．They reduced their products' sugar content. 答案：D　细节理解题。根据第四段中的“more than half of soft drinks sold in shops have had their sugar levels cut by manufacturers (制造商) so they can avoid paying the tax”可知，一些饮料公司通过降低产品的含糖量来避税。故选D。 7．From which of the following is the sugar tax collected? A．Most alcoholic drinks. B．Milk­based drinks. C．Fruit juices. D．Classic Coke. 答案：D　细节理解题。根据第五段的内容可知，一些高糖品牌，如经典可口可乐，已经接受了糖税，而果汁、牛奶饮料和大多数酒精饮料是免税的。糖税主要来自经典可口可乐这些高糖品牌。故选D。 8．What can be inferred about the adoption of the sugar tax policy? A．It is a short­sighted decision. B．It is a success story. C．It benefits manufacturers. D．It upsets customers. 答案：B　推理判断题。根据最后一段的内容可知，今天的数据显示了糖税的积极影响，它为学校的体育设施和健康饮食筹集了数百万英镑。由此可推知，糖税政策的实施是成功的。故选B。 Ⅱ.七选五 (2024·九省联考) Common Mistakes New Runners Make Running is a great way to get in shape and just about everyone can do it. However, many make a number of common mistakes, which can interfere (妨碍) with training or lead to injury. __1__， keep these things in mind to help you increase your chances of running success. 　•Doing too much too soon One of the biggest mistakes new runners make is doing too much too soon. Slowly easing into a training program will help reduce the risk of injury, so you can continue on with your new running routine. __2__． •__3__ 　Beginners might think they need to run every day (or nearly every day) to meet their fitness or weight­loss goals, but this couldn't be further from the truth. Running is a high­impact activity which can be really hard on your body. So it's important to give your body a rest between workouts. •Not wearing the right equipment __4__， it's important that you wear properly for your workouts. The most important piece of equipment for running is a good pair of running shoes, so be sure to do some research before you purchase a pair. Visit a running specialty store and ask an employee to fit you for a shoe. •Running through pain __5__. If something hurts when you run, you need to stop and treat the pain. Remember: It doesn't make you less of a runner if you listen to your body to keep it healthy. A．Not taking rest days B．If you're just starting out C．Comparing yourself to others D．Running can be uncomfortable at times E．It's important not to use the same muscles F．While it may be true that you don't need expensive equipment to take up running G．Experts suggest increasing your running distance by no more than 10% each week 篇章导读：本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了新手跑步者常犯的错误。 1．B　根据文章标题及上文“Running is a great way ... with training or lead to injury.”可知，本文主要指出新手跑步者常犯的错误；再根据下文“keep these things in mind to help you increase your chances of running success”可知，B项(如果你刚刚开始)是下文的条件；且符合主题。故选B。 2．G　上文“One of the biggest mistakes ... with your new running routine.”指出刚开始跑步的人会跑得太快，所以要慢慢进入训练计划，降低受伤风险，不要跑太多太快，G项(专家建议每周增加跑步的距离不超过10%)承接上文，指出不要跑太多。故选G。 3．A　设空处是本段小标题，即新手跑步者常犯的错误之一，根据下文“Beginners might think ... give your body a rest between workouts. (初学者可能认为他们需要每天(或几乎每天)跑步才能达到健身或减肥目标，但这与事实大相径庭。跑步是一项高强度的运动，对身体的伤害很大。因此，在两次锻炼之间让身体得到休息很重要。)”可知，A项(不进行休息)为新手跑步者常犯的错误之一，符合语境。故选A。 4．F　根据本段小标题“Not wearing the right equipment”可知，本段主要介绍了新手跑步者常犯的错误之一是没有穿戴合适的装备，下文“it's important that you wear properly for your workouts”强调跑步时正确的穿着很重要，设空处也应与“穿戴合适的装备”有关，F项(虽然你可能确实不需要昂贵的装备来开始跑步)引出下文，其中“equipment”呼应小标题中的“the right equipment”。故选F。 5．D　下文“If something hurts when you run, you need to stop and treat the pain.”指出跑步时如果感到疼痛，应该停下来，说明有时候跑步会让人感到不舒服，D项(跑步有时会让人感到不舒服)引出下文，符合语境。故选D。 1 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$