第4组 阅读+完形填空+读后续写-【金版教程】2025年高考英语一轮总复习首选用卷全书Word（新教材）

金版教程　高考总复习首选用卷　英语 Ⅰ.阅读 (2024·浙江高考1月)The Stanford marshmallow (棉花糖) test was originally conducted by psychologist Walter Mischel in the late 1960s. Children aged four to six at a nursery school were placed in a room. A single sugary treat, selected by the child, was placed on a table. Each child was told if they waited for 15 minutes before eating the treat, they would be given a second treat. Then they were left alone in the room. Follow­up studies with the children later in life showed a connection between an ability to wait long enough to obtain a second treat and various forms of success. As adults we face a version of the marshmallow test every day. We're not tempted (诱惑) by sugary treats, but by our computers, phones, and tablets—all the devices that connect us to the global delivery system for various types of information that do to us what marshmallows do to preschoolers. We are tempted by sugary treats because our ancestors lived in a calorie­poor world, and our brains developed a response mechanism to these treats that reflected their value—a feeling of reward and satisfaction. But as we've reshaped the world around us, dramatically reducing the cost and effort involved in obtaining calories, we still have the same brains we had thousands of years ago, and this mismatch is at the heart of why so many of us struggle to resist tempting foods that we know we shouldn't eat. A similar process is at work in our response to information. Our formative environment as a species was information­poor, so our brains developed a mechanism that prized new information. But global connectivity has greatly changed our information environment. We are now ceaselessly bombarded (轰炸) with new information. Therefore, just as we need to be more thoughtful about our caloric consumption, we also need to be more thoughtful about our information consumption, resisting the temptation of the mental “junk food” in order to manage our time most effectively. 篇章导读：本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了在信息化时代，成年人每天都面对“棉花糖测试”，信息轰炸让我们摄入了太多精神“垃圾食品”。 1．What did the children need to do to get a second treat in Mischel's test? A．Take an examination alone. B．Show respect for the researchers. C．Share their treats with others. D．Delay eating for fifteen minutes. 答案：D　细节理解题。根据第一段中的“Each child was told if they waited for 15 minutes before eating the treat, they would be given a second treat.”可知，在Mischel (米歇尔)的测试中，孩子们需要在吃之前等待15分钟才能得到第二次奖励。故选D。 2．According to paragraph 3, there is a mismatch between ________． A．the calorie­poor world and our good appetites B．the shortage of sugar and our nutritional needs C．the rich food supply and our unchanged brains D．the tempting foods and our efforts to keep fit 答案：C　细节理解题。根据第三段中的“But as we've reshaped ... we know we shouldn't eat.(但是，当我们重塑了我们周围的世界，大大减少了获取卡路里的成本和努力时，我们的大脑仍然和几千年前一样，这种不匹配是我们中许多人努力抵抗我们知道不应该吃的诱人食物的核心原因。)”可知，丰富的食物供应和我们不曾改变的大脑之间存在不匹配。故选C。 3．What does the author suggest readers do? A．Absorb new information readily. B．Be selective information consumers. C．Use diverse information sources. D．Protect the information environment. 答案：B　推理判断题。根据最后一段中的“we also need to be more thoughtful ... our time most effectively (我们也需要更仔细地考虑我们的信息消费，抵制精神‘垃圾食品’的诱惑，以便最有效地管理我们的时间)”可推知，作者建议读者做有选择性的信息消费者。故选B。 4．Which of the following is the best title for the text? A．Eat Less, Read More B．The Bitter Truth about Early Humans C．The Later, the Better D．The Marshmallow Test for Grownups 答案：D　标题判断题。通读全文，尤其根据第二段内容可知，文章主要讲述在信息化时代，成年人每天都在面对“棉花糖测试”，信息轰炸让我们摄入了太多精神“垃圾食品”，D项(成年人的棉花糖测试)最适合作为文章标题。故选D。 Ⅱ.完形填空 (2022·新高考Ⅰ卷)My husband, our children and I have had wonderful camping experiences over the past ten years. Some of our __1__ are funny, especially from the early years when our children were little. Once, we __2__ along Chalk Creek. I was __3__ that our 15－month－old boy would fall into the creek (小溪). I tied a rope around his waist to keep him near to our spot. That lasted about ten minutes.He was __4__， and his crying let the whole campground know it. So __5__ tying him up, I just kept a close eye on him. It __6__—he didn't end up in the creek. My three－year－old, however, did. Another time, we rented a boat in Vallecito Lake. The sky was clear when we __7__， but storms move in fast in the mountains, and this one quickly __8__ our peaceful morning trip. The __9__ picked up and thunder rolled. My husband stopped fishing to __10__ the motor. Nothing.He tried again. No __11__. We were stuck in the middle of the lake with a dead motor. As we all sat there __12__， a fisherman pulled up, threw us a rope and towed (拖) us back. We were __13__． Now, every year when my husband pulls our camper out of the garage, we are filled with a sense of __14__， wondering what camping fun and __15__ we will experience next. 篇章导读：本文是一篇记叙文。作者回忆了两次和家人一起露营的经历，虽然很惊险，但最后都平安度过危机。一家人很享受一起露营所带来的未知乐趣和冒险。 1．A.ideas B．jokes C．memories D．discoveries 答案：C　根据第二段中的“from the early years when”和“Once”及第三段中的“Another time”可知，作者是在回忆和家人的露营经历，指一些回忆(memory)很有趣。故选C。 2．A.camped B．drove C．walked D．cycled 答案：A　根据第一段中的“wonderful camping experiences”以及下文“the whole campground”可知，作者一家是在Chalk Creek 岸边露营(camp)。此处是camp的原词复现。故选A。 3．A.annoyed B．surprised C．disappointed D．worried 答案：D　根据下文的“I tied a rope around his waist to keep him near to our spot.”可知，作者担心(worry)儿子会掉进小溪里，所以拿绳子绑在他身上。故选D。 4．A.unhurt B．unfortunate C．uncomfortable D．unafraid 答案：C　根据下文的“his crying”可知，绳子绑在孩子身上让他觉得不舒服(uncomfortable)。故选C。 5．A.due to B．instead of C．apart from D．as for 答案：B　根据上文的“That lasted about ten minutes.”和下文的“I just kept a close eye on him”可知，绳子绑在孩子身上十分钟左右就解下来了，相反，作者只能紧盯着他。故选B。 6．A.worked B．happened C．mattered D．changed 答案：A　根据下一句“he didn't end up in the creek”可知，紧盯着孩子起了作用(work)，孩子没有掉进小溪里。故选A。 7．A.signed up B．calmed down C．checked out D．headed off 答案：D　根据下文的“but storms move in fast in the mountains”可知，山里的暴风雨来得很迅猛， but在此处表示转折，表明作者一家出发(head off)时天气还很晴朗。故选D。 8．A.arranged B．interrupted C．completed D．recorded 答案：B　作者一家出发时天气晴朗，而这场突如其来的暴风雨打断(interrupt)了他们平静的清晨之旅。故选B。 9．A.wind B．noise C．temperature D．speed 答案：A　根据上一句中的“storms move in fast”和下文的“thunder rolled”可知，暴风雨来临时风力(wind)增强，雷声隆隆。故选A。 10．A.find B．hide C．start D．fix 答案：C　句意：我的丈夫停止钓鱼，去启动(start)发动机。故选C。 11．A.luck B．answer C．wonder D．signal 答案：A　根据下一句“We were stuck in the middle of the lake with a dead motor.”可知，很不幸运(luck)，作者的丈夫第二次仍然没能成功启动发动机，他们被困在了湖中央。故选A。 12．A.patiently B．tirelessly C．doubtfully D．helplessly 答案：D　作者一家被困在了湖中央，坐在那里，感到无助(helplessly)。故选D。 13．A.sorry B．brave C．safe D．right 答案：C　根据上一句中的“a fisherman pulled up, threw us a rope and towed (拖) us back”可知，他们的船被一位渔民拖到了岸上，即他们安全(safe)了。故选C。 14．A.relief B．duty C．pride D．excitement 答案：D　根据下文的“wondering what camping fun and __15__ we will experience next”可知，他们好奇接下来的露营会经历什么有趣的事情，因此充满兴奋(excitement)感。故选D。 15．A.failure B．adventure C．performance D．conflict 答案：B　根据上文作者的回忆可知，露营非常有趣，但同时也是一场冒险(adventure)，会有意想不到的危险发生。故选B。 Ⅲ.读后续写 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。 (2022·新高考Ⅰ卷)It was the day of the big cross－country run. Students from seven different primary schools in and around the small town were warming up and walking the route (路线) through thick evergreen forest. I looked around and finally spotted David, who was standing by himself off to the side by a fence. He was small for ten years old. His usual big toothy smile was absent today. I walked over and asked him why he wasn't with the other children. He hesitated and then said he had decided not to run. What was wrong? He had worked so hard for this event! I quickly searched the crowd for the school's coach and asked him what had happened. “I was afraid that kids from other schools would laugh at him，” he explained uncomfortably. “I gave him the choice to run or not, and let him decide.” I bit back my frustration (懊恼). I knew the coach meant well—he thought he was doing the right thing. After making sure that David could run if he wanted, I turned to find him coming towards me, his small body rocking from side to side as he swung his feet forward. David had a brain disease which prevented him from walking or running like other children, but at school his classmates thought of him as a regular kid. He always participated to the best of his ability in whatever they were doing. That was why none of the children thought it unusual that David had decided to join the cross－country team. It just took him longer—that's all.David had not missed a single practice, and although he always finished his run long after the other children, he did always finish. As a special education teacher at the school, I was familiar with the challenges David faced and was proud of his strong determination. 注意： 1．续写词数应为150个左右； 2．请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。 We sat down next to each other, but David wouldn't look at me. 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 I watched as David moved up to the starting line with the other runners. 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 写前导读：本文是一篇记叙文。David(大卫)患有脑部疾病，但他表现得和正常孩子一样。在越野比赛前，他因受到嘲笑而犹豫是否参加比赛。作者作为了解他的老师，对他说了什么？当作者看到David在起跑线后，比赛中又发生了什么？ [精彩范文] We sat down next to each other, but David wouldn't look at me. He hung his head, trying to avoid eye contact with me. It was a tricky moment, calling for a good choice of words. Having thought it over, I mentioned some events which won people's praise for his determination and perseverance.His face began to lighten. He added that even the judges thumbed up at him. The whistle went off and the competitors began to take their places. To my joy, David slowly rose to his feet. I watched as David moved up to the starting line with the other runners. David stood firmly in his position, ignoring anything around. Pushing forward without balance, he was left behind. However, when he came into sight, the spectators burst into thunderous cheers and applause. Inspired by the enthusiasm and encouragement, David quickened his pace in high spirits.It turned out that he achieved his best record ever. Seeing his confident smiles, I sighed in relief. With the power to conquer himself, he can conquer anything on the way to a promising future. 6 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$