Unit 6 Period Ⅰ Starting out & Understanding ideas-【高中必刷题】2024-2025学年新教材高中英语选择性必修第一册同步课件（外研版2019）

英语 选择性必修 第一册 WY 1 选择性必修第一册 Unit 6 Nurturing nature 2 01 Period Ⅰ Starting out & Understanding ideas Part Ⅰ Vocabulary & Grammar 3 在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 1.The patient who had an operation on his lung last week recovered ________ （steady）. steadily 解析 句意为：这位上周做了肺部手术的病人稳步康复了。设空处修饰动词recovered，应用副词。故填steadily。 2.You need to deal with the complicated situation very _________ （delicate） to avoid further trouble. delicately 解析 句意为：你需要非常谨慎地处理复杂的情况以避免进一步的麻烦。设空处修饰动词短语deal with，应用副词。故填delicately。 3.We may think of this as a whole ecology, an information environment that’s __________ （massive） connected. massively 解析 句意为：我们可以把这种系统看作一个完整的生态圈系统，即一种大规模关联的信息环境。设空处修饰形容词connected，应用副词。故填massively。 刷单句填空 4 4.We all like the new teacher, who always brings the class ___ life with his humour. to 解析 句意为：我们都喜欢这位新老师，他总是用他的幽默使课堂生动起来。bring… to life是固定搭配，意为“使……更有趣或更生动”。故填to。 5.We will have timed entry into the museum, and then each family is free to explore ___ their leisure. at 解析 句意为：我们将定时进入博物馆，然后每个家庭都可以在闲暇时自由探索。at one’s leisure意为“在某人空闲时”，为固定短语。 6.________ （locate） in southern Italy, Etna is the highest active volcano in Europe. Located 解析 句意为：埃特纳火山位于意大利南部，是欧洲海拔最高的活火山。固定短语be located in意为“位于”，此处位于句首，在句中作状语。故填Located。 7._______ I knew it, an hour had passed and it was time to move on to lunch. Before 解析 句意为：不知不觉一个小时过去了，到了该吃午饭的时候了。逗号前后均为完整的句子，故设空处应填连词，根据语境可知，此处表示“在……以前”，应用before引导时间状语从句。 刷单句填空 5 8.The temple ________（stand）on the opposite side of the street was built in the Tang Dynasty. standing 解析 句意为：位于街道对面的那座寺庙建于唐朝。句子的谓语为was built，设空处作定语修饰temple，应用非谓语动词形式，temple和stand之间为逻辑上的主动关系，故用现在分词。 9.All these years they _____________________（contribute）articles to our magazines. have been contributing 解析 句意为：这些年来,他们一直为我们的杂志撰稿。根据时间状语All these years可知，contribute的动作从过去一直持续到现在，并有可能继续下去，应用现在完成进行时，故填have been contributing。 10.In fact, this isn’t the only positive rule _____ concerns the younger generation. that 解析 设空处引导定语从句，修饰先行词rule，关系词在从句中作主语，指物，并且先行词前面有the only修饰，关系词只能用that，故填that。 刷单句填空 6 根据提示补全句子。 1.第5页上的一处红色铅笔标记引起了他的注意。（catch） A red pencil-mark on the fifth page _______ ____ ____________. 2.旧文件保存在一个玻璃柜中以防止它们破损。（protect） The old documents are kept in a glass case ___ _______ ______ ______ ________. 3.老师说的话给了我足够的勇气去克服困难。（overcome） What the teacher said gave me enough courage ___ __________ ____ __________. caught his eye/attention to protect them from damage to overcome the difficulties 4.一次网上调查表明，环境保护已成为国内外的参与者最关注的问题之一。（top concerns） An online survey found that environmental protection is _______ ____ ____ _________ ______ ___________ both at home and abroad. among the top concerns for/to participants 5.1973年，袁隆平成为世界上第一个种植高产水稻的农业专家。 In 1973, Yuan Longping became the first agricultural expert in the world___ __________ _____ __________ ____ ___ _____ _______. to grow/plant rice that/which has a high output 刷单句表达 7 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 I’m so excited when I am on the train running fast and steadily across the “roof of the world”.It takes years to build the Qinghai-Xizang Railway, 1. . is a record of all Chinese people’s efforts 2. . （overcome） the most difficult engineering challenges. How to protect the delicate ecosystem was among the top concerns. The splendid Qingshuihe Bridge that can allow the animals to move safely and 3. . （free） in their habitat was built 4. . permafrost. Wild animals such as Tibetan antelopes have now been using these passages for years.140,000 square metres of wetland was moved to a new area so as to protect 5. . （it） distinct ecosystem. which to overcome freely over its 刷课文改编填空 8 Tanggula Station 6. . （locate） at over 5,000 metres above sea level, so workers here faced the greatest challenge of the thin air, changeable weather and high levels of UV radiation.7. . several oxygen-making stations were constructed to keep them 8. . （health）, and they were also able to enjoy regular holidays in lower areas. As we pass Cuona Lake, a sense of pride and 9. . （achieve） fills my heart. The Qinghai-Tibet Plateau 10. . （draw） people’s admiration for centuries. Now, because of the efforts of Chinese people, visitors from all over the country can enjoy these magical landscapes. is located But/Yet healthy achievement has been drawing 刷课文改编填空 9 1._______ which 解析 设空处引导非限制性定语从句，先行词为the Qinghai-Tibet Railway，指物，关系词在从句中作主语，应用which引导该从句。 2.____________ to overcome 解析 sb’s efforts to do sth意为“某人付出努力做某事”，为固定搭配，故填to overcome。 3.______ freely 解析 设空处与safely共同修饰动词move，应用副词形式，表示“自由地；无拘无束地”，故填freely。 4._____ 5.____ over its 解析 设空处修饰名词ecosystem，应用形容词性物主代词。 刷课文改编填空 10 6.__________ is located 解析 be located at意为“位于……”，主语为Tanggula Station，谓语动词应用单数形式；此处陈述客观事实，应用一般现在时。 7.________ But/Yet 解析 设空处前句讲述工人们面临很大的挑战，后句讲建立一些氧气供应站来缓解困难。两句之间为转折关系，故填But/Yet。 8.________ healthy 解析 此处为“keep+宾语+宾补”结构，用形容词作宾补。 9.____________ achievement 解析 a sense of achievement意为“成就感”。 10._________________ has been drawing 解析 根据句中的时间状语for centuries及语境可知，draw的动作从过去持续到现在，且有可能继续下去，应用现在完成进行时；主语为单数概念，谓语应用第三人称单数形式。 刷课文改编填空 11 [全国甲2023] 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 For thousands of years, people have told fables（寓言）1. . （teach）a lesson or to pass on wisdom. Fables were part of the oral tradition of many early cultures, and the well-known Aesop’s fables date to the 2. . （six） century B.C. Yet, the form of the fable still has values today, 3. . Rachel Carson says in “A Fable for Tomorrow.” Carson uses a simple, direct style common to fables. In fact, her style and tone（口吻） are seemingly directed at children. “There was once a town in the heart of America 4. . all life seemed to enjoy peaceful co-existence with its surroundings,” her fable begins, 5. . （borrow） some familiar words from many age-old fables. Behind the simple style, however, is a serious message 6. . （intend） for everyone. to teach sixth as where borrowing intended 刷语法填空 12 7. . （difference） from traditional fables, Carson’s story ends with an accusation instead of a moral. She warns of the environmental dangers facing society, and she teaches that people must take responsibility 8. . saving their environment. The themes of traditional fables often deal with simple truths about everyday life. However, Carson’s theme is a more weighty 9. . （warn） about environmental destruction. Carson proves that a simple literary form that has been passed down through the ages can still 10. . （employ） today to draw attention to important truths. Different for warning be employed 刷语法填空 13 【语篇导读】几千年来，人们通过讲寓言来传授知识或传递智慧。如今，蕾切尔·卡森则通过创作风格简单直接的寓言故事来控诉人类对环境的破坏，呼吁人们保护环境。 1.________ to teach 解析 句意为：几千年来，人们通过讲寓言来传授知识或传递智慧。分析句子结构可知，句中已有谓语have told，且与设空处之间无连词连接，设空处应填非谓语动词；根据并列连词or后的to pass可知，此处也应用动词不定式形式，表目的。故填to teach。 2.______ sixth 解析 句意为：寓言是许多早期文化口述传统的一部分，著名的伊索寓言可以追溯到公元前6世纪。表示“……世纪”，应用“the+序数词+century”。故填sixth。 刷语法填空 14 3.___ as 解析 句意为：然而，正如蕾切尔·卡森在《明日的寓言》中所说，寓言的形式在今天仍然具有价值。as sb says为固定句型，意为“正如某人所说”。故填as。 4._______ where 解析 句意为：“从前在美国的中心有一个小镇，那里的万物似乎全都与其四周的环境和平共处。”她的寓言是这样开头的，并且从许多古老的寓言中借用了一些熟悉的词语。分析句子结构可知，设空处前后都是完整的句子；设空处后的句子修饰限制前面的town，应是定语从句，先行词town指地点，关系词在从句中作地点状语，所以应用关系副词where引导该从句。故填where。 5.__________ borrowing 解析 句意见上一题解析。设空处前面有谓语动词begins，且两者之间没有连词连接；分析句子结构可知，____ some familiar words from many age-old fables作状语，设空处应用非谓语动词形式；her fable与borrow之间为逻辑上的主动关系，应用现在分词形式。故填borrowing。 刷语法填空 15 6._________ intended 解析 句意为：然而，简洁的风格背后是为所有人准备的严肃信息。be intended for… 是固定短语，意为“为……而设计的”，此处作后置定语，用非谓语形式。故填intended。 7._________ Different 解析 句意为：与传统寓言不同，卡森的故事以一种指责而不是教益结束。be different from… 意为“与……不同”，此处考查形容词短语作状语。故填Different。 刷语法填空 16 【知识拓展】形容词作状语 形容词或形容词短语可以作状语，表示伴随、方式、原因、让步等。如： I came back home, tired and hungry.（表示主语的状态） He approached us, full of apologies.（表示伴随） The criminal hid himself in the corner, afraid of being caught.（表示原因） Jack came back home from the front line, safe and sound.（表示主语的状态） 刷语法填空 8.____ for 解析 句意为：她警告社会面临的环境危险，并教导人们必须承担起拯救环境的责任。take responsibility for（doing）sth.为固定搭配，意为“承担（做）某事的责任”。故填for。 9.________ warning 解析 句意为：然而，卡森的主题是关于环境破坏的更沉重的警告。设空处前有不定冠词a和形容词比较级more weighty,且设空处在句中作表语，应用名词形式。故填warning。 10.____________ be employed 解析 句意为：卡森证明了代代相传的简单的文学形式，今天仍然可以被用来引起人们对重要事实的关注。分析句子结构可知，设空处作宾语从句中的谓语，employ与宾语从句的主语a simple literary form之间是被动关系，且其前有情态动词can，故填be employed。 刷语法填空 18 01 Period Ⅰ Starting out & Understanding ideas Part Ⅱ 拓展阅读训练 19 A [湖南师大附中2024高二月考] Climate change and increases in drought and rainstorms pose serious challenges to our water management. An international group of scientists has brought together a large body of research on water quality in rivers worldwide. The study shows that river water quality tends to worsen during extreme weather events. As these events become more often and severe due to climate change, ecosystem health and human access to safe water may be increasingly under threat. 刷阅读理解 20 The research led by Dr Michelle van Vliet of Utrecht University analysed 965 cases of river water quality changes during extreme weather such as drought, heatwaves, rainstorms, and flooding. The analysis shows that in most cases water quality tends to become worse during droughts and heatwaves （68%）, rainstorms and floods （51%）, and under long-term changes in climate （56%）.During droughts, less water is available to dilute contaminants （稀释污染物）, while rainstorms and floods generally result in more contaminants that run off from land to rivers and streams. Improvements or mixed responses in water quality are also reported for some cases, for example when increased transport of pollutants is offset （抵消） by more dilution during flood events. 刷阅读理解 21 Water quality changes are strongly driven by changes in water temperature. Land use and other human factors such as wastewater treatment also shape how this plays out. “Understanding the complex interplay between climate, land use, and human drivers, which together influence the sources and transport of pollutants, is crucial,” says van Vliet. The research also calls for more data collection and studies of water quality in non-Western countries. “We need better monitoring of water quality in Africa and Asia. Most water quality studies now focus on rivers and streams in North America and Europe.” The results of the study underline the urgent need for a better understanding of water quality changes during extreme weather events. It sounds an alarm to us. Only then will we be able to develop effective water management strategies that can safeguard our access to clean water and ensure ecosystem health under climate change and increasing weather extremes. 刷阅读理解 22 【语篇导读】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了一项研究，该研究表明气候变化、极端天气和人类活动对水资源质量构成严峻威胁。 1.What can we learn from Paragraph 1?( ) C A.Human beings should be blamed for climate change. B.Worsened water quality is threatening the climate. C.Water quality in rivers worldwide is under risk. D.Water management has been improved recently. 解析 细节理解题。根据第一段内容可知，水资源质量因气候变化、极端天气等因素受到严峻威胁，世界各地河流的水质处于危险之中。故选C项。 刷阅读理解 23 2.What is Paragraph 2 of the text mainly about?( ) C A.The threats caused by extreme weather. B.The factors influencing water safety. C.The findings of van Vliet’s research. D.The design of van Vliet’s experiment. 解析 主旨大意题。第二段是总分结构，根据该段第一句可知，本段主要介绍米歇尔·范·弗利特博士领导的研究，根据下句中的The analysis shows可知，下文具体介绍该研究的结果。故选C项。 刷阅读理解 24 3.According to Paragraph 3, which will van Vliet probably agree with?( ) B A.Water quality in non-Western countries is more terrible. B.Human activities have a big influence on water quality. C.Related data collection and studies of Europe are adequate. D.Water quality changes are dominated by water temperature. 解析 推理判断题。根据第三段中的Land use and other human factors such as wastewater treatment also shape how this plays out.和Understanding the complex interplay between climate, land use, and human drivers, which together influence the sources and transport of pollutants, is crucial可知，土地使用和废水处理等其他人为因素也影响水质变化，弗利特认为了解气候、土地利用和人类驱动因素之间的复杂相互作用至关重要，因此可得出她认为人类活动对水质有很大影响。故选B项。 刷阅读理解 25 4.What is the author’s attitude towards van Vliet’s research?( ) D A.Unclear. B.Contradictory. C.Doubtful. D.Approving. 解析 推理判断题。根据最后一段中的The results of the study underline the urgent need for a better understanding of water quality changes during extreme weather events. It sounds an alarm to us.可知，作者认为该研究给我们敲响了警钟，所以对该研究持支持态度。故选D项。 刷阅读理解 26 B [湖北“荆、荆、襄、宜”四地七校考试联盟2023高二期中联考] A “secretive” new species of frog has been discovered on the forest floor in India’s Western Ghats mountain range. Named after the markings on its dark brown back, the starry dwarf frog is just 2 centimetres long. The frog, whose closest relatives are a group of species native to India and Sri Lanka, is the only member of an ancient lineage（血统）dating back to millions of years ago, according to researchers from India and the US. It is unclear whether the species is descended from African or Asian frogs. 刷阅读理解 27 A group of Indian and US researchers first came across the local species hidden in leaf litter as part of a wider project to look for new frogs, lizards and snakes in the richly biodiverse region and stored it in a jar for later study. Genetic testing and a closer look at its shape, colouring and other features have shown that it doesn’t match any existing species. Kartik Shanker of the Indian Institute of Science, who helped design the study, says while it is common to find new frogs in India, this one needs to be noticed.“This particular species is not just a new species, but also a new genus（属）, and that makes it a little more special,” says Shanker. 刷阅读理解 28 The number of known species of frog identified in India has climbed from around 200 to above 400 over the past two decades. While many species new to science are frequently immediately classified as endangered, it is too early to say whether the starry dwarf frog is threatened. “They are very secretive,” says Shanker, adding that the team didn’t know the size of its population. The frog is active at night and lives near water. Habitat loss is a serious risk to frogs in tropical forests around the world, alongside threats such as a deadly fungus（真菌）that has been killing off amphibians（两栖动物）for the past four decades. But the new species was found in a reserved forest, meaning it will enjoy a degree of protection by Indian government agencies. 刷阅读理解 29 【语篇导读】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了一个在印度新发现的青蛙物种。研究人员通过研究它的种种特征得知它不同于现有的青蛙物种，而是一种新的特别的属类，并且目前尚不明确它是否属于濒危物种。 1.What can we learn about the new species of frog from Paragraph 3?( ) D A.It was discovered by tourists. B.It was found in a rich region. C.It was finally set free. D.It was further studied. 解析 细节理解题。根据第三段中的Genetic testing and a closer look at its shape, colouring and other features have shown that it doesn’t match any existing species.可知，研究人员对新发现的青蛙进行了基因测试，并且对其外形、颜色及其他特征进行了仔细研究，由此可知研究人员进一步研究了该物种。故选D项。 刷阅读理解 30 2.What can we say about the new frog?( ) C A.It is in small quantities. B.It is an endangered species. C.It is well worth attention. D.It is related to African or Asian frogs. 解析 推理判断题。根据第三段中的Kartik Shanker of the Indian Institute of Science, who helped design the study, says while it is common to find new frogs in India, this one needs to be noticed.可知，这个新发现的青蛙物种很值得被关注。故选C项。 刷阅读理解 31 3.What can be inferred from the last paragraph?( ) B A.Habitat loss is the chief threat to frogs. B.The new species may face less danger. C.Tropical forests in India are all under protection. D.The Indian government determines to save frogs. 解析 推理判断题。根据最后一段中的But the new species was found in a reserved forest, meaning it will enjoy a degree of protection by Indian government agencies.可知，这一新发现的青蛙物种生活在保留林里，受政府保护，因此它面临的威胁更少。故选B项。 刷阅读理解 32 4.Which of the following is a suitable title for the text?( ) C A.A Rare Frog Species Protected in India B.A Rise in Species of Frog Seen in India C.A Secretive Frog Species Discovered in India D.A Risk of Habitat Loss for Frogs Removed in India 解析 主旨大意题。第一段第一句A “secretive” new species of frog has been discovered on the forest floor in India’s Western Ghats mountain range.引出文章主题，后文详细介绍了对这一新物种的研究，故整篇文章围绕一个新发现的青蛙物种展开。故选C项。 刷阅读理解 33 进阶词汇 1.be descended from… 是……的后裔 2.identify v.找到；发现；确认；认出；说明身份 熟词生义 range 熟义：n.范围；一系列 v.变化，变动 生义：n.山脉 构词法 bio- prefix 生物的；人生的 biodiverse adj.生物多样性的 刷阅读理解 34 [山东枣庄2024高二期中] Helping the environment and protecting our resources are very important activities.. 1. . . There are several ways that you can help protect this planet we call home. Use reusable bags. Plastic bags that get thrown out end up in landfills or in other parts of the environment. ..2.. . Also, it takes a long time for the bags to decompose（分解）.Therefore, whether you are shopping for food, clothes or books, use a reusable bag. This cuts down on litter and prevents animals from getting hold of them. Use reusable drink containers. Instead of buying individually-packaged drinks, consider buying a reusable water bottle.. . 3.. . A lot of coffee shops offer a discount to customers who use a reusable container for their drinks. Save electricity. Use energy-efficient light bulbs（灯泡）instead of regular bulbs. They last longer, which will save you a bit of money. What’s more, make sure you turn off lights, the TV, and other devices when you are not using them. Turn off your air conditioning or heat when it’s not necessary.. .4.. . Open your windows in the early fall or put on more clothes in the early winter. B E G A 刷7选5 35 Save water. More water is wasted than we realise. Turn off the water tap when you are brushing your teeth. Don’t turn your shower on until you’re ready to get in and wash your hair.Limit your water usage as you wash dishes. . 5.. . A.This is especially true as the seasons change. B.And students without doubt can make a difference. C.The longer they last, the more money you will save. D.Everyone should take measures to fight against the water pollution. E.These can kill animals who get stuck in them or mistake them for food. F.Developing these habits will be good for both the environment and your wallet. G.Not only will this help protect the environment, but it will also help you save money. F 刷7选5 36 【语篇导读】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了几个保护环境和资源的方法和建议。 1.___ B 解析 根据上文的Helping the environment and protecting our resources are very important activities.及下文的There are several ways that you can help protect this planet we call home.可知，此处应承上启下，B项（毫无疑问，学生可以发挥作用）符合语境，并且引出下文提出的一些保护环境和资源的方法。故选B项。 2.___ E 解析 根据下文的Also, it takes a long time for the bags to decompose.可知，设空处也应介绍使用塑料袋的坏处，E项（这些塑料袋可以杀死被困在里面或者把它们误认为食物的动物）符合语境，该句中的These指的就是上文的Plastic bags。故选E项。 刷7选5 37 3.___ G 解析 上文的Instead of buying individually-packaged drinks, consider buying a reusable water bottle.提到购买可重复使用的水瓶，下文的A lot of coffee shops offer a discount to customers who use a reusable container for their drinks.说明使用可重复使用的容器能省钱。G项（这不仅有助于保护环境，还能帮你省钱）起到承上启下的作用，符合语境。 4.___ A 解析 上文的Turn off your air conditioning or heat when it’s not necessary.提到关掉空调或暖气可以节约用电，下文的Open your windows in the early fall or put on more clothes in the early winter.提到季节变化时可以采取的节约用电的方式。故A项（随着季节的变化，这一点尤其正确）符合语境。 5.___ F 解析 根据本段内容可知，本段主要介绍如何节约用水，F项（养成这些习惯对环境和你的钱包都有好处）是对上文内容的总结，符合语境。 刷7选5 38 核心词汇 1.get hold of 抓住；握住 2.limit vt.限制；限定 n.限制；限量 刷7选5 39 $$