Unit 2 Period Ⅰ Starting out & Understanding ideas-【高中必刷题】2024-2025学年新教材高中英语选择性必修第一册同步课件（外研版2019）

英语 选择性必修 第一册 WY 1 选择性必修第一册 Unit 2 Onwards and upwards 2 01 Period Ⅰ Starting out & Understanding ideas Part Ⅰ Vocabulary & Grammar 3 在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 1.Constructive _________ （criticise） helps individuals and organisations improve and grow. criticism 解析 句意为：建设性的批评有助于个人和组织的进步和成长。设空处作主语，空前有形容词修饰，应用名词；根据谓语动词helps为第三人称单数形式可知，填criticism。 2.No matter where I buy them, though, one steamer basket is ______ （rare） enough, yet two seems greedy, and so I am always left wanting more next time.[全国新课标Ⅰ2023] rarely 解析 句意为：然而，无论我在哪里买小笼包，一笼总是不够吃，而两笼又显得太贪心了，所以我总是想着下次要再多吃点。enough是形容词，故其前应用副词修饰。故填rarely。 刷单句填空 4 3.He was so _________ （delight） that he could hardly speak but his bright smiling face spoke for him. delighted 解析 句意为：他高兴得几乎说不出话来，但他那灿烂的笑容说明了一切。分析句子结构可知，此处为“so+adj.+that从句”结构，此处表示人“高兴的”，应用形容词delighted。 4.I had put so much time and emotional energy into applying, and I thought the _____________ （reject） meant the end of the road for my science career.[北京2023·改编] rejection 解析 句意为：我为申请投入了大量的时间和精力，我认为被拒绝意味着我的科学生涯就此结束。thought后为宾语从句，设空处为该从句的主语，空前有定冠词the修饰，要用名词形式。故填rejection，意为“拒绝接受；不录用”。 刷单句填空 5 5.Teachers imagine they will improve _________ （outcome） if they tailor their presentations to each student. outcomes 解析 句意为：教师们认为，如果他们为每个学生量身定制他们的幻灯片演示文稿，就会提高教学效果。outcome意为“结果；效果”，为可数名词，空前无修饰限定词，根据语境，此处强调不同的教学效果，要用复数形式。故填outcomes。 6.New industries, business patterns and products are constantly emerging and forming ___ a fast pace.［China Daily］ at 解析 句意为：新产业、新业态、新产品不断涌现，并快速形成。at a fast pace意为“快速地”，为固定短语。 刷单句填空 6 7.Thank you for rescuing my cat, and I shall always be ___ your debt. in 解析 句意为：谢谢你救了我的猫，我会永远感激你的。be in one’s debt是固定短语，意为“感激某人；欠某人的人情债”。故填in。 8.Tom had to turn ______ the invitation to the party yesterday for he was too busy. down 解析 句意为：汤姆不得不拒绝昨天的聚会邀请，因为他太忙了。此处考查固定短语turn down，意为“拒绝”。 9.We ought not to stop __________ （practise） if we truly want to master the knowledge we have learnt. practising 解析 句意为：如果我们真正想掌握所学的知识, 我们不应该停止练习。stop doing sth意为“停止做某事”，指停止做原来的事情；stop to do sth意为“停下（手头的事情）去做另外一件事”。根据句意可知，设空处应用动名词形式。 刷单句填空 7 【知识拓展】后接动词不定式和动名词意义不同的动词 regret to do sth很遗憾地做某事 regret doing sth后悔做过某事 forget to do sth忘记要去做某事 forget doing sth忘记已做过某事 remember to do sth记得要做某事 remember doing sth记得做过某事 mean to do sth打算做某事 mean doing sth意味着做某事 try to do sth努力/企图做某事 try doing sth试着做某事 刷单句填空 8 10.Actually, I can’t guarantee __________ （appoint） you to take over the business. to appoint 解析 句意为：事实上，我不能保证任命你接管生意。guarantee to do sth 意为“保证做某事”。 刷单句填空 9 【知识拓展】其他常接动词不定式作宾语的动词 decide、determine、learn、want、expect、refuse、manage、pretend、promise、choose、agree等。 刷单句填空 根据提示补全句子。 1.你介意通知一下她下周我们学校要举行运动会吗？（inform） _______ _____ ______ __________ ____ ___ the sports meeting that will take place next week in our school? Would you mind informing her of 2.然而我们还是努力想要有所作为，去改变世界，去梦想希望。（struggle; difference） Yet still we ________ ___ ______ ___ __________, to change the world, to dream of hope. struggle to make a difference 3.我们应当抛开分歧，讨论一下我们的共同点。（in common） We should put aside our differences and discuss the things____ _____ ___ _________ _____each other. we have in common with 刷单句表达 11 4.约翰的父亲已拒绝帮助他，他不得不找其他办法。（独立主格结构； refuse） His father_______ ________ ___ _____ _____, John had to find another way. having refused to help him 解析 此处“名词+现在分词”是独立主格结构，表示约翰的父亲已拒绝帮助他这个事实。 5.是因为天气不好，运动会被推迟了。（强调句型） ___ _____ _____ _____the bad weather____the sports meeting was put off. [答案] It was because of/due to； that 刷单句表达 12 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Everyone knows that 1. . （succeed） rarely happens overnight. When J.K.Rowling received the first rejection letter, she stuck it 2. . her kitchen wall. Rowling spent all her time writing. After 3. . total of twelve rejections, she succeeded. As we know, Harry Potter became popular 4. . （global）. All too often great writers have had to face criticism and rejection. A second example is J.D.Salinger. He started writing short stories in high school, and he tried hard 5. . （publish） his works later in his life. Despite rejections from several publishers, he never gave up. He even carried his drafts with him during the Second World War and 6. . （work） on the novel throughout his service in the army. When the book finally came out, it immediately became a hit. Another example is the Brontё sisters. There was a time 7. . women were not encouraged to become writers, so they wrote a book of poems under male names. Even when the book sold only two 8. . （copy）, the sisters still didn’t give up. Today, their masterpieces 9. . （regard） as classics of world literature. success on a globally to publish worked when copies are regarded 刷课文改编填空 13 In conclusion, besides talent, hard work and luck, perseverance is the key to 10. . （guarantee） success. guaranteeing 刷课文改编填空 1.________ success 解析 that引导宾语从句，设空处在从句中作主语，应用名词success。 2.____ 3.___ on a 解析 a total of为固定搭配，意为“一共……”。故填a。 4.________ globally 解析 设空处在句中作状语，修饰popular，应用副词。 5.__________ to publish 解析 try hard to do sth为固定搭配，意为“极力做某事”。 6.________ worked 解析 设空处和上文中的carried为and连接的并列谓语，结合语境可知，此处应用一般过去时。故填worked。 刷课文改编填空 15 7.______ when 解析 设空处引导定语从句，修饰先行词time，关系词在从句中作时间状语，应用关系副词when引导该从句。故填when。 8._______ copies 解析 设空处在从句中作动词sold的宾语，copy在此处为可数名词，表示“一册”，根据空前的two可知，此处应用复数。 9.____________ are regarded 解析 regard… as… 为固定用法，表示“将……看作……”，根据Today可知，此处用一般现在时；their masterpieces与regard之间为被动关系，应用被动语态，表示“她们的代表作被视为世界文学的经典作品”。 10.____________ guaranteeing 解析 the key to为固定搭配，表示“……的关键”，to为介词，其后的动词应用动名词形式，作介词的宾语。故填guaranteeing。 刷课文改编填空 16 [湖北武汉重点中学联合体2024期中联考] 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Norwegian playwright and author Jon Fosse 1. . （award） the 2023 Nobel Prize in Literature in October for his “innovative plays and prose which give voice to the unsayable”. The Swedish Academy credits Fosse 2. . “one of the most widely performed playwrights in the world”—the 64-year-old originally made his name as a novelist, 3. . （begin） with Red, Black in 1983. He has since written many works of prose and poetry. Growing up in a small coastal village, Fosse was immersed in the beauty of nature and the vastness of the sea. He draws 4. . （inspire） from his rural living environment and personal struggles, 5. . have deeply influenced his distinctive writing style. Fosse’s writing discussed themes of loneliness, longing, and the search for meaning of life. 6. . （addition）, his battles with depression have enabled 7. . （he） to explore the depths of human emotions and existential despair. was awarded as beginning inspiration which Additionally him 刷语法填空 17 “He touches you so deeply when you read him,” said Anders Olsson, chairman of the Nobel Committee for Literature.“8. . is special with him is the closeness in his writing. It touches on the 9. . （deep） feelings that you have—anxieties, insecurities, questions of life and death—such things that every human being actually confronts from the very beginning. In that sense I think he reaches very far and there is a sort of 10. . universal impact of everything that he writes.” What deepest a 刷语法填空 18 【语篇导读】本文是一篇记叙文。挪威剧作家兼作家约恩·福瑟被授予2023年诺贝尔文学奖，以表彰他“创新的戏剧和散文，为不可言说的事情发声”，文章还介绍了他的个人经历以及他人对他的评价。 1._____________ was awarded 解析 句意为：10月，挪威剧作家兼作家约恩·福瑟被授予2023年诺贝尔文学奖，以表彰他“创新的戏剧和散文，为不可言说的事情发声”。设空处为句子的谓语，根据时间状语in October可知，此处叙述2023年10月发生的事情，应用一般过去时；主语为Norwegian playwright and author Jon Fosse，与award之间为被动关系，应用被动语态，且主语表示单数概念，谓语动词应用单数形式。故填was awarded。 刷语法填空 19 【方法总结】慧眼识别时间标志词 在题干中，yesterday、tomorrow、always、since、in the past few years、so far等都是判定动词时态常用的标志性时间状语，做题时可以通过寻找时间标志词来判定时态。 刷语法填空 2.___ as 解析 句意为：瑞典文学院称赞福瑟是“世界上演出场次最多的剧作家之一”——64岁的福瑟最初是以小说家的身份出名的，1983年他创作了《红，黑》。credit在此为动词，意为“认为……属（某种类或性质）”，credit sb as… 为固定短语，意为“认为某人是……”。故填as。 3.__________ beginning 解析 句意见上一题解析。设空处作伴随状语，应用非谓语形式，begin与其逻辑主语the 64-year-old之间为主动关系，应用现在分词作状语。故填beginning。 4.__________ inspiration 解析 句意为：他从自己的乡村生活环境和个人奋斗中汲取灵感，它们深深影响了他独特的写作风格。设空处作draws的宾语，在此意为“灵感”，应用名词inspiration，为不可数名词。故填inspiration。 刷语法填空 21 5._______ which 解析 句意见上一题解析。分析句子结构可知，设空处引导非限制性定语从句，修饰先行词rural living environment and personal struggles，关系词在从句中作主语。故填which。 6.____________ Additionally 解析 句意为：此外，他与抑郁症的斗争使他能够探索人类情感和生存绝望最强烈的时刻。设空处修饰整个句子，作状语，应用副词。故填Additionally。 7._____ him 解析 句意见上一题解析。设空处作动词enabled的宾语，应用人称代词的宾格形式。故填him。 刷语法填空 22 8.______ What 解析 句意为：他的特别之处在于他的作品中的亲近感。分析句子结构可知，is special with him是句子的主语，设空处引导主语从句，从句缺少主语，指物，表示“……的事情/东西”，应用what引导该从句。故填What。 9.________ deepest 解析 句意为：它触及你内心最深处的感受——焦虑、不安全感、生与死的问题，这些其实是每个人从一开始就面临的事情。根据句意及空前的the可知，此处表示最高级含义，表示“最深处的感受”，应用形容词最高级。故填deepest。 10.___ a 解析 句意为：从这个意义上说，我认为他影响深远，他所写的一切都有某种普遍的影响。impact意为“巨大影响”，为可数名词，此处泛指“一个普遍的影响”，其前应用不定冠词修饰；universal的发音以辅音音素开头，应用不定冠词a。故填a。 刷语法填空 23 01 Period Ⅰ Starting out & Understanding ideas Part Ⅱ 拓展阅读训练 24 A [江苏盐城2024高二期中] Most people can’t live to 100.Those who do live so long can hardly walk, let alone take part in any activities. A few people, however, take part in dangerous activities even though they are more than 100 years old—they keep going and going! There is a great-great-grandmother who likes challenging herself although she is 101 years old. Mary Hardison believes that people should always be cheerful and more importantly, take on all kinds of adventures while they physically still can. So, instead of celebrating her 101st birthday with a boring party, she decided to go paragliding（滑翔伞运动）—an idea she got from her 75-year-old son who recently took it up as a hobby. 刷阅读理解 25 So on her birthday, cheered on by her big family, she tied herself up together with expert instructor Kevin Hintze, and jumped down fearlessly from the sky near her home in Ogden, Utah. And, it was not just a simple jump either. According to Kevin Hintze, Mary encouraged him to turn around, as they made their way down. This is not the first time that Mary has done something “wild” and “crazy”.For her 90th birthday she went on all the adult rides at Disneyland. And, she is not done yet. For her 102nd birthday she hopes to go down the 3,000 feet Alpine Slide at Utah’s Park City Mountain Resort! Not surprisingly, this great action has made Mary Hardison very famous and also earned her a place in the Guinness World Records where she broke a 2007 record set by a 100-year-old British woman. What an amazing lady! 刷阅读理解 26 【语篇导读】本文是一篇记叙文。玛丽·哈迪森虽然已经101岁了，但仍然喜欢挑战自己。 1.What do we know about Mary Hardison?( ) B A.She took up paragliding as her hobby at the age of 75. B.She is a 101-year-old lady who likes challenging herself. C.She was recorded in the Guinness World Records in 2007. D.She is the oldest woman in the Guinness World Records. 解析 细节理解题。根据第一段中的There is a great-great-grandmother who likes challenging herself although she is 101 years old.可知，玛丽·哈迪森是一位101岁的老太太，喜欢挑战自己。故选B项。 刷阅读理解 27 2.From whom did Mary get the idea of going paragliding?( ) D A.A 100-year-old British woman. B.Kevin Hintze. C.Her grandson. D.Her 75-year-old son. 解析 细节理解题。根据第二段中的So, instead of celebrating her 101st birthday with a boring party, she decided to go paragliding—an idea she got from her 75-year-old son who recently took it up as a hobby.可知，玛丽从她75岁的儿子那里得到了去进行滑翔伞运动的主意。故选D项。 刷阅读理解 28 3.How does the author feel about Mary’s action?( ) A A.Amazed. B.Unconcerned. C.Doubtful. D.Worried. 解析 推理判断题。根据倒数第二段中的This is not the first time that Mary has done something “wild” and “crazy”.和最后一段中的What an amazing lady! 可知，作者对玛丽的行为感到惊讶。故选A项。 刷阅读理解 29 4.Where is the text likely to appear?( ) A A.A news report. B.An advertisement. C.A novel. D.A science report. 解析 推理判断题。通读全文，特别是根据第一段内容可知，文章主要讲述了玛丽·哈迪森在101岁的时候挑战滑翔伞项目以及她的其他挑战自我的事迹。由此推知，本文应该是一篇新闻报道，讲述了这个人的故事。故选A项。 刷阅读理解 30 核心词汇 1.let alone更不用说；更别提 2.take on决定做；承担（责任）；雇用；呈现，具有 3.expert adj.经验丰富的；熟练的；内行的 n.专家；行家 刷阅读理解 31 B [山东菏泽2023高二期末] There seems to be a lot of opinions these days about what is fair, and what is not. Most people tend to believe life should be fair. Some of the 99% seem to believe life has somehow treated them unfairly, and some of the 1% feel life hasn’t treated them fairly enough. My questions are these: What is fair? Is life fair? Should life be fair? We clearly have no choice about how we come into this world. We have little choice early in life. But as we grow older, choices abound. I have long believed that while we have no control over the beginning of our life, the majority of us have the ability to influence the outcomes we attain. Fairness is a state of mind, and most often, an unhealthy state of mind. The state of our lives cannot, or at least should not, be blamed on our parents, our teachers, or our society—it’s largely based on the choices we make, and the attitudes we adopt. 刷阅读理解 32 Life is full of examples of the uneducated, the mentally and physically challenged people born into war-torn areas, who could have complained about life being unfair, but who instead chose a different path. Regardless of the challenges they faced, they had the character to choose their contribution over complaint. I agree that challenges exist. I agree that many have an uphill battle due to the severity of the challenges they face. What I disagree with is the attempt to use fairness to solve all problems in the world. Rules and orders don’t create fairness, but people’s desire and determination can work around most life challenges. It doesn’t matter whether you are born with a silver spoon, plastic spoon, or no spoon at all. A friend of mine came to this country from Africa in his late teens, barely spoke the language, drove a cab while working his way through college, and is now the president of a firm offering technology services. Stories such as this are all around us—they are not miracles, nor are they the rare exception. They do, however, demonstrate blindness to the mindset of the fairness. 刷阅读理解 33 【语篇导读】本文是一篇议论文。作者讨论了公平问题，阐述了人生没有绝对的公平，要勇敢面对不公平的道理。 1.What does the underlined word “abound” in Paragraph 2 mean?( ) C A.Change completely. B.Remain the same. C.Exist in numbers. D.Disappear entirely. 解析 词义猜测题。根据画线词所在句前的We have little choice early in life.可知，此处表示人生的初期几乎没有选择；根据But可知，此处表示语义的转折，由此可推测画线词所在句表达“但当我们长大以后，选择就变多了”。故画线词应表示“变多”，C项表示“大量存在”，与之意义最为接近。故选C项。 刷阅读理解 34 2.What opinion does the writer agree with?( ) A A.Most of us can influence the results we achieve. B.Our background determines our choices. C.People’s desire and determination create unfairness. D.We should depend on fairness to solve all problems. 解析 推理判断题。根据第二段中的I have long believed that while we have no control over the beginning of our life, the majority of us have the ability to influence the outcomes we attain.可知，作者认为虽然人无法掌控自己的出身，但我们大多数人都能够作出影响自己人生历程发展的选择。故选A项。 刷阅读理解 35 3.What is the primary purpose of the text?( ) A A.To promote efforts over complaint. B.To stress the importance of fairness. C.To share an inspiring story of a friend. D.To prove that fairness is a state of mind. 解析 推理判断题。通读全文，尤其根据第三段内容可知，全文围绕着“没有绝对的公平”这一话题展开论述，作者认为重要的是自己的态度。第三段列举的例子是生活对一些人不公平，他们有的人无法接受教育、有的人有身体上或者精神上的障碍等，可不管他们面对什么样的困境，他们都选择作出自己的贡献，而不是一味地抱怨，此处举例支撑作者的观点。由此可推知，文章的主要目的是告诉人们要努力进取而不是抱怨。故选A项。 刷阅读理解 36 4.Which of the following can be the best title for the text?( ) B A.Fairness Is Justice B.Life Is Not Fair—Deal With It C.Fairness Comes First D.Fairness Creates Chances 解析 主旨大意题。通读全文，尤其根据最后一段中的It doesn’t matter whether you are born with a silver spoon, plastic spoon, or no spoon at all.以及Stories such as this are all around us—they are not miracles, nor are they the rare exception.They do, however, demonstrate blindness to the mindset of the fairness.等内容可知，本文用身边的事例阐述了人生中没有绝对的公平，我们要勇敢面对不公平的道理，B项符合文章主题，故选B项。 刷阅读理解 37 [陕西汉中校际联考2024高二期中] Medicine is a degree that consists of an endless number of exams, and recently I received my first year results.1. . Upon reflection I believe that this is partly as a result of failure itself. Failure brings judgement from others, a topic of discussion for people and the right for others to say you are not capable. The stress associated with failure is created by others around you, rather than by the event itself. I have recently been reading The Psychology of Money by Morgan Housel, which clarifies that failure has a strong presence among those who have achieved success.2. . However, rarely will they see how many times his investments have failed. The process of achieving success has often involved setbacks and “failures” along the way. I was rejected by medical schools which I’d spent time and effort applying to and preparing for.3. . It put my final grade in a dangerous situation. Despite all of this, I ended up getting my master’s with honours. I also began pursuing my doctoral degree last year. F E G 刷7选5 38 4. . But you should know that with each failure you are closer to success, building further layers to the foundations you started. Behind every successful person are more obstacles and setbacks, but these are not as interesting to focus on or as enviable. The noise around you, whether it is from co-workers, friends or parents, should not shake your belief in your abilities.5. . Learn what you need and correct your approach until you have success. A.You are guaranteed a lifetime of success. B.Failure is your platform to achieve success. C.I was accepted by some famous universities. D.You may not be successful the first, second or however many times. E.People will always focus on Warren Buffett’s success as an investor. F.Waiting for those results was one of the most anxiety-generating experiences. G.And I once received a “pass” grade on an important research paper during my master’s. D B 刷7选5 39 【语篇导读】本文是一篇议论文。文章主要论述了失败并不可怕，它是通往成功的平台。 1.___ F 解析 根据上文的Medicine is a degree that consists of an endless number of exams, and recently I received my first year results.可知，上文提到作者收到了第一年的成绩，设空处为本段最后一句，故承接上文说明作者对这一事件的感受。故F项（等待这些结果是最让人焦虑的经历之一）符合语境。 2.___ E 解析 根据下文的However, rarely will they see how many times his investments have failed.可知，However表示转折，设空处与下文之间构成转折关系，下文提到了投资的失败，推测设空处是在说明某人的成功。故E项（人们总是关注沃伦·巴菲特作为投资者的成功）符合语境。 刷7选5 40 3.___ G 解析 根据下文的It put my final grade in a dangerous situation.Despite all of this, I ended up getting my master’s with honours.可知，下文提到尽管成绩处于危险的境地，但作者最终拿到了硕士学位，说明设空处是在说明作者读硕士期间遇到的不太好的事情，故G项（在我读硕士期间，我曾有一篇重要的研究论文得了“及格”的成绩）符合语境。 4.___ D 解析 根据下文的But you should know that with each failure you are closer to success, building further layers to the foundations you started.可知，人可能会失败很多次，但每一次失败都让你离成功更近一步，由此可知，设空处应讲到失败很多次，D项（你可能第一次、第二次或无论多少次都不会成功）符合语境，选项中的not be successful与下文中的each failure相对应。 5.___ B 解析 根据下文的Learn what you need and correct your approach until you have success.可知，要学会从失败中汲取教训，不断改正自己的方法以获取成功。故B项（失败是你取得成功的平台）符合语境。 刷7选5 41 核心词汇 1.capable adj.有能力；足以胜任的 2.（be）associated with与……有关的 3.clarify vt.阐明；讲清楚 4.setback n.挫折；阻碍 构词法 1.-less suffix 没有；无；不受影响 endless adj.无数的；无止境的；无穷无尽的；不断的 2.-al suffix与……有关的 doctoral adj.博士的；博士学位的 刷7选5 42 $$