Unit 2 Period Ⅲ Extended reading & Project-【高中必刷题】2024-2025学年新教材高中英语选择性必修第二册同步课件（译林版2020）

03 Period Ⅲ Extended reading & Project Part Ⅰ Vocabulary & Grammar 1 在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 1.The deliberate _______ （cruel） of his words cut her like a knife. cruelty 解析 句意为：他故意说的残酷无情的话对她像刀割一样。此处位于定冠词The和介词of之间，且其前有形容词修饰，应用名词。cruelty意为“残忍，残酷”时为不可数名词。 2.In our efforts to use digital technology to make ourselves happier, we may ______________ （intentionally） be bringing on exactly the opposite result. unintentionally 解析 句意为：在我们努力利用数字技术使自己变得更开心时，我们可能会无意间造成适得其反的后果。设空处修饰动词短语be bringing on，应用副词；根据句意可知，“造成适得其反的结果”不在预期内，因此此处表示“无意地”。故填unintentionally。 3.There are ________ （literal） hundreds of prizes to win. literally 解析 句意为：真的有好几百份奖品可以领。此处literally意为“（强调事实可能令人惊讶）真正地，确实地”。 刷单句填空 2 4.I wish to make a __________ （complain） about a camera which I purchased at your place a week ago. complaint 解析 句意为：我想投诉一下我一周前在你们家买的相机。设空处作make的宾语，其前有不定冠词a修饰，应用名词单数形式。故填complaint。 5.I have a friend who had the _________ （oppose） view and felt that the war was immoral. opposing 解析 句意为：我有一位朋友的看法截然不同，他认为这场战争是不道德的。根据空后的名词view可知应用形容词。 6.The report said they also faced pressure to respond ___ messages at all hours of the day. to 解析 句意为：报告称，他们还面临着全天候回复信息的压力。respond to… 为固定短语，意为“对……作出回应，回复……”。故填to。 刷单句填空 3 7.The similarity between them has often been remarked ________. on/upon 解析 句意为：他们之间的相似之处常被人提及。remark on/upon为固定搭配，意为“说起；评论”。 8.All the donated books are said _________________ （send） to the students the other day. to have been sent 解析 句意为：据说所有捐赠的书都已经在几天前被送到学生的手里了。it is said that… =… is said to do，意为“据说……”，“送”这一动作发生在“说”前，故用不定式的完成式to have done，books和send之间是逻辑上的被动关系，故用不定式的完成式的被动式。故填to have been sent。 9.The following are some of the problems __________ （connect） with careless driving. connected 解析 句意为：以下是与粗心驾驶有关的一些问题。此处作后置定语修饰problems,形容词connected意为“相关的”，固定搭配(be) connected with意为“与……有关”。故填connected。 刷单句填空 4 10.If you attend the lecture， ___ will I. so 解析 句意为：如果你去听讲座的话，我也去。当前面提出的某一肯定的情况也同样适合于后者，通常就要用“so+助动词+主语”这种倒装结构。故填so。 刷单句填空 5 【知识拓展】“so/neither/nor+be动词/助动词/情态动词+主语”句式 “so/neither/nor+be动词/助动词/情态动词+主语”表示前一句中所讲的情况也适合于另一人或事物，意为“……也（不）是如此”。另外，“so+主语+be动词/助动词/情态动词”表示对前文所述情况的肯定，意为“……确实如此”。如：I loved this movie and so did my friend.我喜欢这部电影，我的朋友也喜欢。—You look happy.你看起来很高兴。—So I am.I have just got an award.我确实高兴，我刚刚获得了一个奖。 刷单句填空 根据提示补全句子。 1.一部分评论性文章是恶意中伤。 Some of the criticism hits _______ ____ _____. below the belt 2.人们总是抱怨孩子们花费太多的时间玩电脑游戏。（complain） People always _______________ ________ ____________ ______________ so much time on computer games. complain about children spending/that children spend 3.据说多媒体将很快进入家用市场。（way） It is said that multimedia will soon _____ ____ _____ _____ the home market. 4.无论这个勇敢的推销员遇到什么困难，他都不会认输。（towel） Whatever difficulty the brave salesman meets, he never _______ ___ ____ ______. find its way into throws in the towel 解析 throw in the towel意为“放弃努力；认输”。 5.每次老师从后门走过时，最后一排的两个男孩都假装在专心听讲。 ______ _____ ____ _______ _______ past the back door, the two boys in the last row pretended to be listening attentively. Every time the teacher walked 刷单句表达 7 [湖北孝感重点高中教科研协作体2024高二联考] A disabled woman with only one leg is seeking to break a world record by completing 102 marathon-length runs in 102 days. Jacky Hunt-Broersma, who lost the bottom half of her left leg to a rare form of cancer in 2001, set her goal in mid-January. And every day since then, she has been running the distance of a marathon. “Part of my body was gone. For me the most difficult problem was accepting my disability,” she told the reporter. Until five years ago, she was not very active. But then she looked into running and decided to give it a try. The sport ended up being quite costly. Currently, the carbon fibre blade （碳纤维叶片）she uses, which is designed specifically for running, costs about $10,000. “Running really changed my life,” she said. “It helped me accept myself as a person with disability. It gave me a sense of freedom. I fell in love with the process of pushing my body further just to see what I could do.” 刷阅读理解 8 However, she has faced both physical and mental difficulties during her record-breaking attempt. On one recent day, Hunt-Broersma felt a breakdown at 24 kilometres and began to cry. In that moment, she felt like her planned goal might not happen at all. By dividing it into little goals, she finally picked herself up and carried on. Hunt-Broersma’s main support team is her husband and their two young children. She is posting her progress online and has also got a large social media following. As she nears the end of her goal, Hunt-Broersma is hoping to inspire a single thought in others: You’re stronger than you think and you’re capable of so much more. 刷阅读理解 9 【语篇导读】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了亨特-布鲁尔斯玛由于患病身体残疾后，下决心参加马拉松比赛，并给自己制定了102天完成102场马拉松比赛的目标的故事。虽然在过程中遇到了很多困难和挑战，自己也会感到崩溃，但最终她振作起来，并把自己的故事分享到网上激励别人。 1.What was the most challenging to Hunt-Broersma?( ) C A.Taking part in a marathon. B.Breaking a world record. C.Living with disability. D.Fighting against cancer. 解析 细节理解题。根据第二段中的“Part of my body was gone.For me the most difficult problem was accepting my disability,” she told the reporter.可知，亨特-布鲁尔斯玛觉得最具有挑战性的事情是接受她的残疾。故选C项。 刷阅读理解 10 2.What can we learn about Hunt-Broersma from Paragraph 3?( ) D A.She was crazy about running. B.Running helped her realise her life goal. C.Running freed her from her housework. D.She spent much money on running. 解析 细节理解题。根据第三段中的The sport ended up being quite costly. Currently, the carbon fibre blade she uses, which is designed specifically for running, costs about $10,000.可知，亨特-布鲁尔斯玛为跑步花费了很多钱。故选D项。 刷阅读理解 11 3.Why did Hunt-Broersma break down one day?( ) A A.She felt hopeless about her goal. B.She lost a record-breaking chance. C.She got no support from her family. D.She missed a sense of freedom. 解析 细节理解题。根据第四段中的On one recent day, Hunt-Broersma felt a breakdown at 24 kilometres and began to cry. In that moment, she felt like her planned goal might not happen at all.可知，让亨特-布鲁尔斯玛崩溃的是她觉得无法完成自己的目标。故选A项。 刷阅读理解 12 4.What does Hunt-Broersma’s story try to tell us?( ) B A.Better late than never. B.Nothing is impossible to a willing heart. C.Many hands make light work. D.Good things come to those who wait. 解析 推理判断题。根据最后一段中的You’re stronger than you think and you’re capable of so much more.及全文内容可知，本文主要讲述了亨特-布鲁尔斯玛虽然因为患病身体残疾，但仍下定决心参加马拉松比赛，为自己确定目标并努力完成，还把自己的故事分享到网上激励他人。因此，文章通过亨特-布鲁尔斯玛的故事告诉我们：有志者，事竟成。故选B项。 刷阅读理解 13 核心词汇 1.look into 观察；调查；审查 2.pick oneself up （跌倒后）爬起来；振作起来 pick up 改善；好转；注意到；（偶然）学会；搭载；接收（信号等）；感染 熟词生义 1.post 熟义：n. 邮寄；职位 生义：vi. & vt.（在网站上）发布（信息或图片） vt. 发布，公布；张贴 2.near 熟义：adj. 距离近的 prep. 在……附近；接近 生义：vt. & vi.（时间或空间上）接近，靠近，临近 刷阅读理解 14 03 Period Ⅲ Extended reading & Project Part Ⅱ 拓展阅读训练 15 A [山西省实验中学2024高二期中] Long before the term “snowboarding” existed—at least 80 years before it was an Olympic phenomenon—people were flying like surfers down snow-covered hills. The first known instance came in 1917, when 13-year-old Vern Wicklund stood on a sledge that he rode down his parents’ backyard in Cloquet, Minnesota. Wicklund patented the idea nearly two decades later but produced only a handful of models. The sport picked up speed in 1965, when Michigan’s Sherman Poppen created the Snurfer by connecting two skis and adding a string at the front to control the direction. Poppen sold close to one million units by 1970.But the real breakthrough happened when Dimitrije Milovich, a Cornell University student, founded Winterstick, the first modern snowboard company, in 1972.With steel edges, solid fibreglass and, most crucially, two belts for one’s feet, Winterstick’s boards allowed riders to fly through more complex topography（地形）than previous riders could do. 刷阅读理解 16 Snowboarding went mainstream soon thereafter due to the competition between Jake Burton Carpenter and Tom Sims. Sims, a New Jersey-raised professional skateboarder who was more interested in aerial stunts （空中特技） than in speed, founded SIMS Snowboarding in 1976.Carpenter, a race enthusiast from Long Island who was credited with coining “snowboarding”, created Burton Snowboards one year later. In the 1980s, most North American ski resorts（滑雪场）banned snowboarding, citing insurance liability and the rudeness of too many riders. However, the sport was more accepted in Europe, particularly in France. By the 1990s, though, almost every resort in North America allowed riding. The appearance of the Pipe Dragon, a machine to cut halfpipes through snow, enabled new aerial stunts, and when snowboarding appeared at the 1998 Olympics, the halfpipe was the sport’s biggest draw. 刷阅读理解 17 【语篇导读】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了单板滑雪的历史及对这项运动作出突出贡献的著名人物。 1.What contributions did Milovich make?( ) B A.He created a variety of aerial stunts. B.He did a lot to improve snowboards. C.He invented the word “snowboarding”. D.He popularised snowboarding in France. 解析 细节理解题。根据第二段中的But the real breakthrough happened when Dimitrije Milovich, a Cornell University student, founded Winterstick, the first modern snowboard company, in 1972.With steel edges, solid fibreglass and, most crucially, two belts for one’s feet, Winterstick’s boards allowed riders to fly through more complex topography than previous riders could do.可知，Winterstick公司的滑板采用钢制边缘和坚固的玻璃纤维，并且还有两条脚带，可以让骑手飞越比以前更复杂的地形。由此可知，米洛维奇为改进滑雪板做了很多工作。故选B项。 刷阅读理解 18 2.How did Sims differ from Carpenter?( ) A A.Sims preferred skills to speed. B.Sims had his own skateboard company. C.Sims participated in more competitions. D.Sims did better in flying through complex topography. 解析 细节理解题。根据第三段中的Sims, a New Jersey-raised professional skateboarder who was more interested in aerial stunts than in speed… 可知，比起速度，西姆斯更喜欢技巧。故选A项。 刷阅读理解 19 3.What can be learnt about the halfpipe?( ) C A.It appeared after the 1998 Olympics. B.It was banned in most European ski resorts. C.It made snowboarding an appealing sport. D.It could produce incredible amounts of snow. 解析 细节理解题。根据最后一段中的The appearance of the Pipe Dragon, a machine to cut halfpipes through snow, enabled new aerial stunts, and when snowboarding appeared at the 1998 Olympics, the halfpipe was the sport’s biggest draw.可知，U字形滑道使单板滑雪成为一项有吸引力的运动。故选C项。 刷阅读理解 20 4.What would be the best title for the text?( ) B A.Vern Wicklund and His Patent B.A Brief History of Snowboarding C.Snowboarding and the Olympics D.A Newborn Sport in North America 解析 主旨大意题。根据第一段中的Long before the term “snowboarding” existed—at least 80 years before it was an Olympic phenomenon—people were flying like surfers down snow-covered hills.并结合接下来几段的内容可知，本文主要介绍了单板滑雪的发展历程。因此，B项（单板滑雪的简史）最适合做文章标题。 刷阅读理解 21 熟词生义 coin 熟义：n. 硬币 生义：vt. 创造（新词语） 刷阅读理解 22 B [浙江浙南名校联盟2024高二期中] It’s well known that weightlifting can strengthen our biceps （二头肌）. Now, there’s increasing evidence that strengthening the muscles we use to breathe is beneficial too. New research shows that daily muscle training for breathing muscles helps promote heart health and reduces high blood pressure. “The muscles we use to breathe tend to weaken as we get older,” explains researcher Daniel, a physiologist at the University of Colorado Boulder. To test what happens when these muscles are given a good workout, he and his colleagues recruited （招收） healthy volunteers aged 18 to 82 to try a daily five-minute technique using a resistance-breathing training device. When people breathe into it, the device provides resistance, making it harder to breathe in. “We found that doing 30 breaths per day for six weeks lowers systolic blood pressure by about 9 mmHg,” Daniel says. According to Joyner, a physician at the Mayo Clinic who studies how the nervous system regulates blood pressure, that is the type of reduction with a blood pressure drug. 刷阅读理解 23 So, how exactly does breath training lower blood pressure? Daniel points to the role of endothelial cells （内皮细胞）, which promote the production of NO. NO helps widen our blood vessels（血管）and promote good blood flow. “What we found was that six weeks of the training will increase endothelial function by about 45%,” Daniel explains. The new study builds on a previous study and adds to the evidence that the training is beneficial for adults of all ages. Before the results came in, Daniel had suspected that young, healthy adults might not benefit as much. “But we saw strong effects,” he says, pointing to a significant decline in blood pressure for participants of all ages. He says the finding suggests the training could help healthy young people prevent heart disease and the rise in blood pressure that tends to occur with ageing. The technique is not intended to replace exercise, he cautions, or to replace medicine for people with high blood pressure. Instead, Daniel says, “It would be a good additional intervention for people who are doing other healthy lifestyle approaches already.” 刷阅读理解 24 【语篇导读】本文是一篇说明文。现在，越来越多的证据表明，加强我们用于呼吸的肌肉是有益的。新的研究表明，每天的呼吸训练有助于促进心脏健康，降低高血压。文章解释了研究开展的经过及其发现。 1.Who was most likely to be a volunteer in the study?( ) A A.An adult working nearby. B.A pupil from a local school. C.A senior with heart disease. D.A backpacker staying for 2 weeks. 解析 推理判断题。根据第二段中的he and his colleagues recruited healthy volunteers aged 18 to 82 to try a daily five-minute technique using a resistance-breathing training device可知，志愿者为年龄在18岁到82岁之间的健康人，需要每天进行5分钟的训练。由此可知，一个在附近工作的成年人最有可能成为这项研究的志愿者。故选A项。 刷阅读理解 25 2.What does the underlined word “that” in Paragraph 2 refer to？( ) D A.Giving breathing muscles a good workout. B.Doing 30 breaths per day for six weeks. C.Regulating blood pressure by the nerves. D.Lowering blood pressure by about 9 mmHg. 解析 词义猜测题。根据画线词上文的“We found that doing 30 breaths per day for six weeks lowers systolic blood pressure by about 9 mmHg,” Daniel says.可知，丹尼尔发现每天做30次呼吸并持续六周会让收缩压降低约9毫米汞柱，画线词后内容表示这是降压药的降压效果，因此“降低血压约9毫米汞柱”就是降压效果。由此可猜测，画线词指的是“降低血压约9毫米汞柱”。故选D项。 刷阅读理解 26 【方法总结】如何猜测代词指代 要记住代词通常出现在原词之后，根据这条原则可快速排除选项中出现在代词之后的内容，锁定答案，最后代入原句进行验证。 （1）“就近原则”判指代 猜测代词指代要求考生根据语境判断代词（this、that、it、they、them、one 等）指代什么。解答此类题时，我们可以返回原文，找出指代词，然后向上找最近的名词、代词、短语或句子，将找到的词、短语或句子代入，替换该代词，看其意思、逻辑关系是否通顺，并最终确定答案。 （2）“逻辑原则”找指代 厘清人物及事物间的逻辑关系是猜测代词指代的关键。考生可利用上下文语境，采用逻辑关系梳理法，使人物或事物的关系明朗化。 刷阅读理解 27 3.What can be known about the research result?( ) D A.It was far from satisfactory. B.It confirmed Daniel’s doubt. C.It was contrary to the previous study. D.It was beyond Daniel’s expectations. 解析 细节理解题。根据倒数第二段中的Before the results came in, Daniel had suspected that young, healthy adults might not benefit as much.“But we saw strong effects,” he says, pointing to a significant decline in blood pressure for participants of all ages.可知，在结果出来之前，丹尼尔曾怀疑年轻健康的成年人可能不会受益这么多，但实际上所有年龄段的参与者血压都有显著下降。因此，研究结果超出了丹尼尔的预料。故选D项。 刷阅读理解 28 4.What does the text seem to advocate?( ) C A.Muscle training to promote our health. B.Weightlifting to strengthen our muscles. C.Daily breath training to reduce blood pressure. D.Lifestyle approaches to preventing blood diseases. 解析 推理判断题。本文第一段提出主题：加强用来呼吸的肌肉对健康有益；接着第二段中研究的结果表明，定期的呼吸训练会降低血压；第三段解释了呼吸训练是如何降低血压的；最后两段表明，呼吸训练对所有年龄的人都有益处，并且是让人们保持健康生活方式的一种补充干预措施。综上，本文说明呼吸训练对心脏健康和血压的好处，所以本文提倡每天进行呼吸训练来降低血压。故选C项。 刷阅读理解 29 长难句分析 句意：为了测试当这些肌肉得到充分的锻炼时会发生什么，他和他的同事招募了年龄在18至82岁之间的健康志愿者，让他们使用阻力呼吸训练装置尝试每天进行5分钟的技巧训练。 刷阅读理解 30 核心词汇 build on 在……的基础上发展 进阶词汇 regulate vt. 调节，控制（速度、压力、温度等） 熟词生义 caution 熟义：n. 谨慎；小心；警告 生义：vi. & vt. 警告；提醒 刷阅读理解 31 [全国新课标Ⅰ2023] On Oct.11, hundreds of runners competed in a cross-country race in Minnesota. Melanie Bailey should have . .1. . the course earlier than she did. Her . .2. . came because she was carrying a . .3. . across the finish line. As reported by a local newspaper, Bailey was more than two-thirds of the way through her . .4. . when a runner in front of her began crying in pain. She . .5. . to help her fellow runner, Danielle Lenoue. Bailey took her arm to see if she could walk forward with . .6. .. She couldn’t. Bailey then . .7. . to let Lenoue climb onto her back and carried her all the way to the finish line, then another 300 feet to where Lenoue could get . .8. . attention. Once there, Lenoue was . .9. . and later taken to a hospital, where she learned that she had serious injuries in one of her knees. She would have struggled with extreme . .10. . to make it to that aid checkpoint without Bailey’s help. As for Bailey, she is more . .11. . about why her act is considered a big . .12. .. “She was just crying. I couldn’t . .13. . her,” Bailey told the reporter. “I feel like I was just doing the right thing.” Although the two young women were strangers before the . .14. ., they’ve since become friends. Neither won the race, but the . .15. . of human kindness won the day. 刷完形填空 32 【语篇导读】本文讲述了越野运动员贝莉在比赛过程中将受伤的运动员勒努背至终点就医的故事。 1.( ) A.designed B.followed C.changed D.finished D 解析 根据第二段描述的比赛经过可知，要不是贝莉背着受伤的运动员到达终点，她本应该会早点完成比赛。finish意为“完成”，符合语境。design意为“设计”；follow意为“跟随”；change意为“改变”。 2.( ) A.delay B.chance C.trouble D.excuse A 解析 根据上文的should have ____ the course earlier than she did可知，此处指贝莉延迟到达终点。delay意为“延迟，耽搁”，符合语境。chance意为“机会”；trouble意为“麻烦”；excuse意为“借口，理由”。 刷完形填空 33 3.( ) A.judge B.volunteer C.classmate D.competitor D 解析 根据下文的a runner in front of her和help her fellow runner可知, 她救助的是一位参赛者。competitor意为“选手；参赛者”，符合语境。judge意为“裁判员，法官”；volunteer意为“志愿者”；classmate意为“同学”。 4.( ) A.race B.school C.town D.training A 解析 根据上文的cross-country race及Bailey was more than two-thirds of the way可知，此处指她已经完成了超过三分之二的比赛。race意为“比赛”，为原词复现，符合语境。 5.( ) A.agreed B.returned C.stopped D.promised C 解析 根据下文Bailey took her arm to see… 可知，她停下来帮助一同参赛的跑步者。stop意为“停下来；暂停”，符合语境。agree意为“同意”；return意为“返回”；promise意为“承诺”。 刷完形填空 34 6.( ) A.courage B.aid C.patience D.advice B 解析 根据上文的Bailey took her arm可知，贝莉想看看勒努在帮助下是否可以走路。aid意为“帮助，援助”，符合语境。courage意为“勇气”；patience意为“耐心”；advice意为“建议”。 7.( ) A.went away B.stood up C.stepped aside D.bent down D 解析 根据下文的to let Lenoue climb onto her back可知，贝莉弯腰想背起勒努。bend down意为“俯身，弯腰”，符合语境。go away意为“走开”；stand up意为“站起来”；step aside意为“站开，让位”。 8.( ) A.medical B.public C.constant D.equal A 解析 根据上文可知，勒努受伤了，所以贝莉应是将她背到能够得到治疗的地方。medical意为“医学的，医疗的”，符合语境。public意为“公众的”；constant意为“不断的”;equal意为“相同的”。 刷完形填空 35 9.( ) A.interrupted B.assessed C.identified D.appreciated B 解析 根据语境可知，勒努应是接受伤势评估之后，被送往医院。assess意为“评估，评定”，符合语境。interrupt意为“打断”；identify意为“识别”；appreciate意为“感激”。 10.( ) A.hunger B.pain C.cold D.tiredness B 解析 根据上文crying in pain和serious injuries可知，如果没有贝莉的帮助，勒努会在极度痛苦中挣扎着到达援助检查站。pain意为“疼痛”，符合语境。hunger意为“饥饿”；cold意为“寒冷”;tiredness意为“疲劳”。 11.( ) A.worried B.ashamed C.confused D.discouraged C 解析 根据下文why和“I feel like I was just doing the right thing.”可知，贝莉认为自己只是做了一件正确的事情罢了，所以对于助人这件事成为一件“重大的事情”感到困惑。confused意为“困惑的”，符合语境。worried意为“担忧的”；ashamed意为“惭愧的”;discouraged意为“气馁的”。 刷完形填空 36 12.( ) A.game B.problem C.lesson D.deal D 解析 根据上文语境可知，此处表达“大事件”。a big deal意为“重大事情”，符合语境。game意为“比赛，游戏”；problem意为“问题”；lesson意为“教训”。 13.( ) A.leave B.cure C.bother D.understand A 解析 根据上文内容可知，贝莉觉得不能丢下勒努。leave意为“把（某人或某物）留在某处，遗弃，丢弃”，符合语境。cure意为“治愈”；bother意为“打扰”；understand意为“理解”。 14.( ) A.ride B.test C.meet D.show C 解析 根据上文the two young women were strangers before并结合选项可知，二人在此次比赛前并不认识。meet意为“体育比赛；运动会”，符合语境。 15.( ) A.secret B.display C.benefit D.exchange B 解析 根据文章内容并结合选项可知，二人都没有赢得比赛，但是那天展现出的人性之善赢得了胜利。display意为“展示，显露”，符合语境。secret意为“秘密”；benefit意为“益处”；exchange意为“交换”。 刷完形填空 37 $$