Unit 1 Period Ⅲ Extended reading & Project-【高中必刷题】2024-2025学年新教材高中英语选择性必修第一册同步课件（译林版2020）

03 Period Ⅲ Extended reading & Project Part Ⅰ Vocabulary & Grammar 1 在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 1.We listened to the news with a ________ （mix） of surprise and horror. mixture 解析 句意为：我们怀着惊恐交加的心情收听了这个消息。设空处前有不定冠词a，后有介词of，应填名词形式mixture，意为“混合”。 2.The Beijing Economic-Technological Development Area reported a sharp decline in water ____________ （consume） and a great improvement in natural and living environment. consumption 解析 句意为：据报道，北京经济技术开发区的用水量大幅下降,自然和生活环境有了很大改善。分析句子结构可知，设空处在句中作介词in的宾语,应用名词; consume的名词形式为consumption，表示“消耗”，此处指“耗水量”。故填consumption。 3.In ______ （fog） weather, flights are often cancelled. foggy 解析 句意为：在有雾的天气，航班往往会被取消。此处应用形容词修饰名词weather，故填foggy。 刷单句填空 2 4.We must encourage __________ （innovate） if the company is to remain competitive. innovation 解析 句意为：如果公司要保持竞争力，我们就必须鼓励创新。该空在句中作宾语，表示“创新”，应用名词，故填innovation。 5.The structure of this article is very loose, because it is _______ （loose） organized. loosely 解析 句意为：这篇文章的结构很松散，因为组织得松散。设空处修饰动词organized，应用副词作状语。故填loosely。 6.I’m trying to be more centred, and not fall ______ when I go through difficult things. apart 解析 句意为：在我经历艰难困苦之时，我努力让自己更冷静，不要崩溃。fall apart意为“崩溃；垮掉”。 7.___ particular, his paintings are set apart from other paintings by their realistic human faces and deep emotional impact. In 解析 句意为：特别是，他的画以其逼真的人脸和深刻的情感影响而与其他绘画不同。in particular为固定短语，意为“特别；尤其”。故填In。 刷单句填空 3 8.The teacher puts emphasis ________ relating grammar to practical application. on/upon 解析 句意为：老师强调要将语法与实际运用相联系。put emphasis on/upon sth为固定搭配，意为“强调/重视某事”。故填on/upon。 9.___ is estimated that over 250 million copies of her books have been sold around the world. It 解析 句意为：据估计，她的书在世界各地的销量超过2.5亿册。此处为it is estimated that… 的固定句型，意为“据估计……”，that引导的从句作真正的主语，it作形式主语。设空处位于句首，单词首字母大写。故填It。 10.The purpose of using Chinese characters which have the pictographic nature is ____________ （stimulate） the thinking faculty of children. to stimulate 解析 句意为：使用有象形特性的汉字的目的是激发孩童的思考能力。此处为不定式作表语，用来说明主语的内容。 刷单句填空 4 根据提示补全句子。 1.这家餐馆还不如我们昨天去的那家餐馆一半好，这真是个糟糕的选择。（as… as…） This restaurant is ____ _____ ___ ______ ___ that restaurant we went to yesterday and it’s a bad choice. not half as good as 2.我妈妈厨艺精湛，她做的菜总是正合口味！（hit） My mother is very good at cooking. Her dishes always ____ ____ _____. hit the spot 3.这座纪念碑是为了纪念那位探险家而建造的，他被认为发现了这条河流。（believe） The monument was built in honour of the explorer who _____ ________ ___ _____ __________ the river. was believed to have discovered 刷单句表达 5 4.如果先吃点心的话，你会没有胃口吃饭的。（lose） If you eat a snack first, you will _____ _____ ________ ____ ____ ______. 5.你的饮食必须多样化，并保持均衡。（essential） ___ ___ _________ _____your diet should be varied and balanced. 6.让他来做这份工作是合适的。（appropriate; it作形式主语） ___ _______ ___________ ___ _________ him do the job. lose your appetite for the meal It is essential that It is/was appropriate to let/make 刷单句表达 6 [全国乙2023] What comes into your mind when you think of British food? Probably fish and chips, or a Sunday dinner of meat and two vegetables. But is British food really so uninteresting? Even though Britain has a reputation for less-than-impressive cuisine, it is producing more top class chefs who appear frequently on our television screens and whose recipe books frequently top the best seller lists. It’s thanks to these TV chefs rather than any advertising campaign that Britons are turning away from meat-and-two-veg and ready-made meals and becoming more adventurous in their cooking habits. It is recently reported that the number of those sticking to a traditional diet is slowly declining and around half of Britain’s consumers would like to change or improve their cooking in some way. There has been a rise in the number of students applying for food courses at UK universities and colleges. It seems that TV programmes have helped change what people think about cooking. 刷阅读理解 7 According to a new study from market analysts, 1 in 5 Britons say that watching cookery programmes on TV has encouraged them to try different food. Almost one third say they now use a wider variety of ingredients （配料） than they used to, and just under 1 in 4 say they now buy better quality ingredients than before. One in four adults say that TV chefs have made them much more confident about expanding their cookery knowledge and skills, and young people are also getting more interested in cooking. The UK’s obsession （痴迷） with food is reflected through television scheduling. Cookery shows and documentaries about food are broadcast more often than before. With an increasing number of male chefs on TV, it’s no longer “uncool” for boys to like cooking. 刷阅读理解 8 【语篇导读】人们通常认为英国食物平淡无奇，但随着更多的高级厨师频频出现在电视节目中，英国人的烹饪习惯和对传统烹饪的看法也随之改变，男士喜欢烹饪也成为潮流。 1.What do people usually think of British food?( ) A A.It is simple and plain. B.It is rich in nutrition. C.It lacks authentic tastes. D.It deserves a high reputation. 解析 细节理解题。根据第一段中的But is British food really so uninteresting?和Britain has a reputation for less-than-impressive cuisine可知，人们通常认为英国食物简单平淡。故选A项。 刷阅读理解 9 【方法总结】利用语义转换解细节理解题 在细节理解题中，题干和选项中往往不会直接出现原文中的信息，而是借助同义转换、概念解析、归纳事实等方法对原文信息进行适当变换。如把一些词汇或表达进行同义替换、词性转换等。解答此类题目时，首先应根据题干的信息，确定原文关键内容所在的位置，然后找到关键信息，在选项中寻找与原文信息最相近的表达，如同义词、近义词等，最后代入题干和原文，判断所选答案是否正确。如本题A项中的simple and plain表达的是“简单且平淡”，呼应原文中的less-than-impressive，即“不那么令人印象深刻的”。 刷阅读理解 10 2.Which best describes cookery programmes on British TV?( ) D A.Authoritative. B.Creative. C.Profitable. D.Influential. 解析 推理判断题。根据第二段最后一句It seems that TV programmes have helped change what people think about cooking.和第三段提到的数据可知，电视节目似乎改变了人们对烹饪的看法，由此可推知，英国的电视烹饪节目是有影响力的。故选D项。 3.Which is the percentage of the people using more diverse ingredients now?( ) D A.20%. B.24%. C.25%. D.33%. 解析 细节理解题。根据第三段第二句中的Almost one third say they now use a wider variety of ingredients than they used to可知，几乎有三分之一的英国人在烹饪时使用更多样化的配料。故选D项。 刷阅读理解 11 4.What might the author continue talking about?( ) B A.The art of cooking in other countries. B.Male chefs on TV programmes. C.Table manners in the UK. D.Studies of big eaters. 解析 推理判断题。根据第三段最后一句With an increasing number of male chefs on TV, it’s no longer “uncool” for boys to like cooking.可知，作者接下来可能会列举男性厨师录制电视烹饪节目的例子，以此来证明越来越多的英国男性喜欢上了烹饪。故选B项。 刷阅读理解 12 03 Period Ⅲ Extended reading & Project Part Ⅱ 拓展阅读训练 13 A [江苏苏州2023高二期中] Breadfruit is a traditional staple（主要的）crop from the Pacific islands with the potential to improve worldwide food security. While people have survived on it for thousands of years, there was a lack of basic scientific knowledge of the health impacts of a breadfruit-based diet in both humans and animals. Now the fruit is getting the nutritional thumbs-up from a team of British Columbia researchers. Breadfruit can be harvested, dried and made into flour. For the project, researchers had four breadfruits from the same tree in Hawaii, shipped to the Murch Lab at UBC Okanagan. Ying Liu led the study examining the digestion and health impact of a breadfruit-based diet. “We wanted to contribute to the development of breadfruit as a sustainable, environmentally friendly and high-production crop,” Liu says. The researchers designed a series of studies that could provide data on the impacts of a breadfruit-based diet fed to mice and also an enzyme （酶）digestion model. 刷阅读理解 14 The researchers determined that breadfruit protein was found to be easier to digest than wheat protein in the enzyme digestion model. And mice fed the breadfruit diet had a significantly higher growth rate and body weight than standard diet-fed mice. Liu also noted mice on the breadfruit diet had significantly higher daily water consumption compared to mice on the wheat diet. Fundamental understanding of the health impact of breadfruit digestion and diets is necessary and essential to the establishment of breadfruit as a staple in the future.“Overall, these studies support the use of breadfruit as part of a healthy, nutritionally balanced diet,” says Liu. The use of breadfruit could make inroads into food sustainability for many populations globally. Liu suggests if a person ate the same amount of cooked breadfruit they can meet up to nearly 57 percent of their daily fibre requirement, more than 34 percent of their protein requirement and at the same time consume vitamin C, iron, calcium and other nutrients. 刷阅读理解 15 【语篇导读】本文是一篇说明文。虽然人们靠面包果生存了数千年，但之前一直没有科学研究来证明其营养价值。本文介绍了一项关于面包果的研究，研究结果支持将面包果作为健康、营养、均衡饮食的一部分。这一发现可以帮助缓解食物短缺的问题。 1.What does the underlined word “thumbs-up” in the first paragraph mean?( ) D A.Requirement. B.Benefit. C.Reflection. D.Acceptance. 解析 词义猜测题。根据画线词上文While people have survived on it for thousands of years, there was a lack of basic scientific knowledge of the health impacts of a breadfruit-based diet in both humans and animals.并结合第四段的研究结果可知，现在这种果实的营养价值得到了研究人员的认可，画线词thumbs-up意为“赞同；接受”。故选D项。 刷阅读理解 16 2.What is the purpose of Liu’s study on breadfruit?( ) B A.To help those Pacific islanders. B.To prove the value of the food. C.To promote the food worldwide. D.To develop a new type of diet. 解析 推理判断题。根据第二段最后一句Ying Liu led the study examining the digestion and health impact of a breadfruit-based diet.以及第三段第一句“We wanted to contribute to the development of breadfruit as a sustainable, environmentally friendly and high-production crop,” Liu says.可推知，刘颖（音译）研究面包果的目的是要证明这种食物的价值。故选B项。 刷阅读理解 17 3.What is Paragraph 4 mainly about?( ) D A.The research methods. B.The research focus. C.The research process. D.The research findings. 解析 主旨大意题。第四段主要介绍了面包果蛋白质比小麦蛋白质更容易消化，而且用面包果喂养的老鼠比普通喂养的老鼠发育更快，日用水量更多，故本段主要介绍了研究的结果。故选D项。 刷阅读理解 18 4.What can be inferred about breadfruit from the last paragraph?( ) C A.It will take the place of wheat. B.It is superior to other foods. C.It can help ease food shortage. D.It needs further improvement. 解析 推理判断题。根据最后一段第一句以及The use of breadfruit could make inroads into food sustainability for many populations globally.可知，面包果在未来可能会被作为主食，对全球的食物可持续性有帮助。由此可知，C项（它可以帮助缓解食物短缺）符合题意。故选C项。 刷阅读理解 19 核心词汇 1.survive vi. 继续维持生活 vi. & vt. 幸存；艰难渡过 survive on 靠……维持生活 2.digest vt. 消化；理解；领悟 3.consumption n. 消耗；吃，喝；消费 刷阅读理解 20 B [湖南师大附中2023月考] Strawberry shortcake. Strawberry mochi. Strawberries à la mode. These may sound like springtime treats. But in Japan, the strawberry crop peaks in wintertime—a freezing season of superb berries. To recreate an artificial spring in the winter months, farmers grow their out-of-season delicacies in huge greenhouses heated with giant, gas-consuming heaters. The swing has made strawberry farming much more energy-intensive.“We looked at all aspects, including transport, or what it takes to produce fertilizer—even then, heating had the biggest footprint,” said Naoki Yoshikawa, a researcher, who led the produce emissions study. Examples like these complicate the idea of eating locally, namely the idea embraced by some environmentally conscious shoppers of buying food that was produced relatively close by. They did this in part to cut down on the fuel and pollution associated with transportation. However, according to Miller, a professor at the University of Michigan, transportation of food often has less climate impact than the way it is produced.“It’s ideal if you can eat both in season, and locally,” she said, “so your food is produced without having to add major energy consumption.” 刷阅读理解 21 In Japan, the energy required to grow strawberries in winter hasn’t proven to be just a climate burden. It has also made strawberry production expensive, particularly as fuel costs have risen, hurting farmers’ bottom lines. Research and development of berry varieties, as well as fancy branding, has helped ease some of those pressures. Strawberry varieties in Japan are now sold with fancy names like Beni Hoppe (“red cheeks” and “Bijin Hime beautiful princess”), helping farmers fetch higher prices. The most picture-perfect ones have even sold hundreds of dollars to be given as special gifts. Tochigi, north of Tokyo, has been developing a new variety of strawberries called Tochiaika, which produces a higher yield from the same inputs, making growing them more energy-efficient. Researchers in Sendai have been exploring ways to employ solar power to keep the temperature inside strawberry greenhouses warm. Strawberry farmer Ms Yoshimura is working to gain local recognition for her “unheated strawberries”. “It would be nice,” she said, “if we could just make strawberries when it’s natural to.” 刷阅读理解 22 【语篇导读】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了日本农业利用温室逆转了草莓的自然生长季节，在冬季培育出了高品质草莓。然而，人们要为食用这些最早、最好的浆果付出高昂的成本。 1.What makes the strawberry crop peak in winter?( ) C A.Solar power. B.Low temperature. C.Industrial heating. D.Global warming. 解析 细节理解题。根据第一段中的To recreate an artificial spring in the winter months, farmers grow their out-of-season delicacies in huge greenhouses heated with giant, gas-consuming heaters.可知，农民们通过在装有巨大燃气加热器的温室里展开种植，来实现在冬天培育草莓。故选C项。 刷阅读理解 23 2.What might Miller think of some shoppers’ eco-friendly attempt?( ) B A.It’s useless. B.It’s insufficient. C.It’s ideal. D.It’s harmful. 解析 推理判断题。根据第三段中的However, according to Miller… transportation of food often has less climate impact than the way it is produced. “It’s ideal if you can eat both in season, and locally,” she said, “so your food is produced without having to add major energy consumption.”可知，米勒认为，这些消费者只做到了食用当地产的食物，而忽略了要食用当季的农产品，所以一些购物者的环保尝试做得还是不够的。故选B项。 刷阅读理解 24 3.How does the Japan strawberry industry respond to the rising production cost?( ) B A.It reduces investment in branding. B.It raises the prices of strawberries. C.It adjusts the strawberry growing season. D.It slows down the development of varieties. 解析 细节理解题。根据第四段中的Strawberry varieties in Japan are now sold with fancy names like Beni Hoppe (“red cheeks” and “Bijin Hime beautiful princess”), helping farmers fetch higher prices.可知，日本草莓产业通过研究和开发草莓品种以及精心打造品牌，有效帮助农民提高了草莓价格，从而缓解了生产成本上升带来的压力。故选B项。 刷阅读理解 25 4.What is the last paragraph mainly about?( ) D A.Benefits of organic farming. B.New studies of strawberry varieties. C.Attitudes towards energy consumption. D.Efforts to conserve energy in production. 解析 主旨大意题。根据最后一段可知，本段介绍了三种日本当地草莓产业的新实践：栃木县在开发一种在相同投入条件下产量更高的草莓新品种，从而提高种植能源效率；仙台的研究人员一直在探索利用太阳能来保持草莓温室内部温暖的方法；草莓种植农户吉村女士研发出无须在燃气加热的温室中种植草莓的技术。这三种实践的共同之处在于，他们均在努力减少草莓种植过程中的能源消耗，即本段主要讲的是在草莓生产中努力节约能源。故选D项。 刷阅读理解 26 长难句分析 句意：像这样的例子使本地饮食的想法复杂化，即一些有环保意识的购物者所接受的购买相对较近生产的食物的想法。 刷阅读理解 27 核心词汇 recognition n. 承认，认可；表彰，赞誉；认出，识别 进阶词汇 1.complicate v. 使复杂化；使（疾病）恶化 2.conscious adj. 意识到的；神志清醒的，有知觉的 熟词生义 fetch 熟义：v. （去）拿来，（去）找来 生义：v. 售得，卖得 刷阅读理解 28 [山西太原五中2024高二月考] For four long years, Owen Connors had to spend his Saturday afternoons playing rugby （橄榄球） at school. He’d be out there in all weathers. As a teenager, he . .1. . Saturdays. The boy would walk home in the dark, . .2. . in mud and frozen to the bone. So, imagine his . .3. . when he opened the door of the family’s small house to be . .4. . by the delicious aroma （香味） of Guinness pie. Outside the wind was blowing, and the rain was . .5. . the windows. But in the . .6. . kitchen, Owen and his parents would . .7. . the homemade pie with mashed potatoes and greens . .8. .. “It was the exact . .9. . of standing on a field in the rain and wind,” said Owen, who now works as an editor.“It was the . .10. . of home and it felt like a warm hug.” Owen’s family was not a typical Dublin one, so Owen had . .11. . really fitted into Dublin society. So after graduation from college, he left his hometown in search of a(n) . .12. . life. On a short visit to Munich, he felt a sudden . .13. . to stay. He can remember thinking: “This place is . .14. .—it’s clean, safe, near the mountains and lakes.” 刷完形填空 29 Owen doesn’t eat Guinness pie very often in Munich. Recently he tried to make one with his mum and daughters, and it was a(n) . .15. .. Three generations shared the food of his childhood. “I’d like to show my kids more of that kind of food,” Owen said. 刷完形填空 30 【语篇导读】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了欧文ㆍ康纳斯在长达四年的时间里要在周六下午在学校打橄榄球，当他在恶劣的天气中走回家时，会被家里做的美味的馅饼所温暖。长大后，欧文在慕尼黑定居，他和妈妈、女儿们又做了这种馅饼，三代人共享他童年的美食。他希望能给自己的孩子们展示更多这样的食物。 1.( ) A.missed B.hated C.wasted D.ignored B 解析 根据前文Owen Connors had to spend his Saturday afternoons playing rugby at school. He’d be out there in all weathers.可知，欧文ㆍ康纳斯每周六下午都要在学校打橄榄球，风雨无阻，因此他讨厌周六。故选B项。 2.( ) A.taken B.seated C.covered D.buried C 解析 根据上文欧文打橄榄球可知，打完橄榄球之后，欧文在黑暗中走回家，浑身都沾满泥土。故选C项。 刷完形填空 31 3.( ) A.delight B.pain C.courage D.concern A 解析 根据空后的the delicious aroma of Guinness pie可知，男孩在冻得瑟瑟发抖、浑身沾满泥土的窘境下回到家后，打开房门闻到了美味馅饼的味道，这时他一定会很开心。故选A项。 4.( ) A.invited B.served C.moved D.greeted D 解析 根据语境可知，此时欧文刚回到家，故此处表达传入他鼻中的是美味馅饼的香气。greet意为“（气味等）传入……的鼻中”，故选D项。 5.( ) A.opening B.rolling C.pulling D.beating D 解析 根据the rain和常识可知，此处表达雨滴拍打着窗户。故选D项。 6.( ) A.empty B.warm C.large D.unique B 解析 根据上文中的frozen to the bone、the wind was blowing和the rain was ____ the windows及But可知，屋外刮风下雨，寒冷彻骨，家中的厨房里却是温暖的。故选B项。 刷完形填空 32 7.( ) A.make B.enjoy C.remember D.imagine B 解析 根据语境并结合选项可知，在温暖的家中，欧文和他的父母一起搭配土豆泥和蔬菜享用家庭自制的馅饼。故选B项。 8.( ) A.silently B.calmly C.nervously D.comfortably D 解析 根据上文内容可知，屋外刮风下雨，而屋内是温暖的，所以一家人应该是搭配土豆泥和蔬菜惬意地享用自制的馅饼。故选D项。 9.( ) A.opposite B.result C.expectation D.choice A 解析 根据on a field in the rain and wind可知，一家人惬意地享用自制的馅饼与站在风雨中的球场上完全相反。此处opposite为名词，表示“相反的人或事物”，故选A项。 10.( ) A.call B.smell C.type D.role B 解析 根据上文可知，欧文回家时会闻到馅饼的香味，所以是家的气味。故选B项。 刷完形填空 33 11.( ) A.often B.still C.even D.never D 解析 根据上文Owen’s family was not a typical Dublin one及下文So after graduation from college, he left his hometown in search of a(n) ____ life.可知，本句是解释欧文离开家乡的原因，结合选项及语境可知，此处表示欧文从未真正融入都柏林社会。故选D项。 12.( ) A.new B.busy C.ordinary D.modern A 解析 根据he left his hometown可知，他离开家乡寻找新的生活。故选A项。 13.( ) A.curiosity B.demand C.desire D.emotion C 解析 根据下文中的He can remember thinking: “This place is ____—it’s clean, safe, near the mountains and lakes.”以及Owen doesn’t eat Guinness pie very often in Munich.可知，欧文留在了慕尼黑，故此处表示欧文在慕尼黑游玩时，突然产生了留在这里的愿望。故选C项。 刷完形填空 34 14.( ) A.amusing B.similar C.important D.amazing D 解析 根据it’s clean, safe, near the mountains and lakes可知，这个地方干净、安全，靠近山脉和湖泊，由此可知欧文对这里是赞赏的态度。amazing表示“极好的；惊人的；了不起的”，故选D项。 15.( ) A.success B.attempt C.challenge D.opportunity A 解析 根据Three generations shared the food of his childhood.可知，三代人共享他童年的食物，由此可知，他们做成了有着家乡味道的美味的吉尼斯馅饼。故选A项。 刷完形填空 35 $$