Unit 3 Writing Workshop—Reading Club 2-【高中必刷题】2024-2025学年新教材高中英语选择性必修第一册同步课件（北师大版2019）

04 Writing Workshop—Reading Club 2 Part Ⅰ Vocabulary & Grammar 1 在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 1.Marine pollution partly arises from varieties of ___________ （agriculture） rubbish. agricultural 解析 句意为：海洋污染物一部分来自各种各样的农业垃圾。设空处修饰后面的名词rubbish，应用形容词。 2.Natural disasters have been ___________ （increasing） frequent in recent decades. increasingly 解析 句意为：近几十年来，自然灾害变得越来越频繁。设空处修饰形容词frequent，应用副词，作状语，故填increasingly。 3.Life is full of ___________（change）challenges and adventures as art. changeable 解析 句意为：生活如同艺术，充满了多变的挑战和冒险。根据语境可知，设空处应用形容词作定语，修饰名词短语challenges and adventures。 刷单句填空 2 4.I could never stand the _______ （cruel） involved in wounding animals. cruelty 解析 句意为：我永远无法忍受伤害动物时的那种残忍。设空处作stand的宾语，且被定冠词the修饰，应用名词。此处表示抽象概念，cruelty作不可数名词，表示“残酷；残忍”。故填cruelty。 5.Fully _________ （involve） in caring homeless animals, she has taken a vet as her career. involved 解析 句意为：她选择成为一名兽医，全心投入于关爱流浪动物。be involved in… 意为“投入于……；专心于……”，此处为形容词短语在句中作状语，故填involved。 6.In the _________ （follow） years, some endangered animals are expected to experience worse conditions because of the loss of habitats. following 解析 句意为：接下来的几年里，由于失去栖息地，一些濒危动物的处境预计会变得更加糟糕。根据设空处后面的名词years可知，此处应用形容词作定语，故填following。 刷单句填空 3 7.Staying with animals is believed to create a peaceful state of mind, resulting ___ a favourable environment for the elderly people. in 解析 句意为：与动物待在一起被认为可以养成一种平静的心态，从而为老年人创造一个有利的环境。result in为固定搭配，意为“造成；导致”。故填in。 8.Some sports can take the form of mental competitions. ____ instance, chess was recognised as a sport by the International Olympic Committee in 1999. For 解析 句意为：一些体育运动可以采取智力竞赛的形式。例如，1999年国际奥委会正式承认国际象棋为一项体育运动。for instance为固定搭配，意为“例如；比如”，表示列举。故填For。 刷单句填空 4 9.The painting will be a lasting memorial ___ a remarkable woman. to 解析 句意为：这幅油画将成为对一位杰出女性的永久纪念。a memorial to… 为固定表达，意为“对……的纪念”。故填to。 10.With the space station ________ （enter） the application and development phase, China will continue to adhere to the development concept of openness and sharing. entering 解析 句意为：随着空间站进入应用与发展阶段，中国将继续秉承开放共享的发展理念。分析句子结构可知，此处为“with+宾语+宾补”复合结构，enter与the space station之间是逻辑上的主动关系，应用现在分词作宾补。故填entering。 刷单句填空 5 根据提示补全或翻译句子。 1.他们正在采取必要措施，防止植被遭到大规模破坏。 They are taking necessary measures to prevent the destruction of vegetation ____ ___ ___________ ______. on a grand/large scale 2.各种各样的动物物种正在以令人恐慌的速度走向灭绝。（rate） Various animal species are on the way to complete extinction ___ ____ _________ _____. 3.大自然好像正在高度频繁地攻击人类，这让我们无法承受。（turn） It seems that nature is _______ ____ human beings with a high frequency that we can’t bear. at an alarming rate turning on 4.除了写关于大堡礁的文章之外，他还多次在电视上露面，支持对大堡礁的保护。 ___ ________ ___ writing articles about the Great Barrier Reef, he made lots of appearances on television to support conservation of it. In addition to 刷单句表达 6 5.一方面，由于频繁捕猎，藏羚羊的数量已经大大减少；另一方面，随着新的公路和铁路建设，它们的生存环境正在缩小。（Tibetan antelope） ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ On the one hand, the population of Tibetan antelopes has greatly decreased due to frequent hunting. On the other hand, their living environment is getting smaller with the construction of new roads and railways. 刷单句表达 7 04 Writing Workshop—Reading Club 2 Part Ⅱ 拓展阅读训练 8 A [湖南师大附中2024高二月考] Climate change and increases in drought and rainstorms pose serious challenges to our water management. An international group of scientists has brought together a large body of research on water quality in rivers worldwide. The study shows that river water quality tends to worsen during extreme weather events. As these events become more often and severe due to climate change, ecosystem health and human access to safe water may be increasingly under threat. The research led by Dr Michelle van Vliet of Utrecht University analysed 965 cases of river water quality changes during extreme weather such as drought, heatwaves, rainstorms, and flooding. The analysis shows that in most cases water quality tends to become worse during droughts and heatwaves（68%）, rainstorms and floods（51%）, and under long-term changes in climate （56%）. During droughts, less water is available to dilute contaminants（稀释污染物）, while rainstorms and floods generally result in more contaminants that run off from land to rivers and streams. Improvements or mixed responses in water quality are also reported for some cases, for example when increased transport of pollutants is offset（抵消）by more dilution during flood events. 刷阅读理解 9 Water quality changes are strongly driven by changes in water temperature. Land use and other human factors such as wastewater treatment also shape how this plays out. “Understanding the complex interplay between climate, land use, and human drivers, which together influence the sources and transport of pollutants, is crucial,” says van Vliet. The research also calls for more data collection and studies of water quality in non-Western countries. “We need better monitoring of water quality in Africa and Asia. Most water quality studies now focus on rivers and streams in North America and Europe.” The results of the study underline the urgent need for a better understanding of water quality changes during extreme weather events. It sounds an alarm to us. Only then will we be able to develop effective water management strategies that can safeguard our access to clean water and ensure ecosystem health under climate change and increasing weather extremes. 刷阅读理解 10 【语篇导读】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了一项研究，该研究表明气候变化、极端天气和人类活动对水资源质量构成严峻威胁。 1.What can we learn from Paragraph 1?( ) C A.Human beings should be blamed for climate change. B.Worsened water quality is threatening the climate. C.Water quality in rivers worldwide is under risk. D.Water management has been improved recently. 解析 细节理解题。根据第一段内容可知，水资源质量因气候变化、极端天气等因素受到严峻威胁，世界各地河流的水质处于危险之中。故选C项。 刷阅读理解 11 2.What is Paragraph 2 of the text mainly about?( ) C A.The threats caused by extreme weather. B.The factors influencing water safety. C.The findings of van Vliet’s research. D.The design of van Vliet’s experiment. 解析 主旨大意题。第二段是总分结构，根据该段第一句可知，本段主要介绍米歇尔·范·弗利特博士领导的研究，根据下句中的The analysis shows可知，下文具体介绍该研究的结果。故选C项。 刷阅读理解 12 3.According to Paragraph 3, which will van Vliet probably agree with?( ) B A.Water quality in non-Western countries is more terrible. B.Human activities have a big influence on water quality. C.Related data collection and studies of Europe are adequate. D.Water quality changes are dominated by water temperature. 解析 推理判断题。根据第三段中的Land use and other human factors such as wastewater treatment also shape how this plays out.和Understanding the complex interplay between climate, land use, and human drivers, which together influence the sources and transport of pollutants, is crucial可知，土地使用和废水处理等其他人为因素也影响水质变化，弗利特认为了解气候、土地利用和人类驱动因素之间的复杂相互作用至关重要，因此可得出她认为人类活动对水质有很大影响。故选B项。 刷阅读理解 13 4.What is the author’s attitude towards van Vliet’s research?( ) D A.Unclear. B.Contradictory. C.Doubtful. D.Approving. 解析 推理判断题。根据最后一段中的The results of the study underline the urgent need for a better understanding of water quality changes during extreme weather events. It sounds an alarm to us.可知，作者认为该研究给我们敲响了警钟，所以对该研究持支持态度。故选D项。 刷阅读理解 14 B [河北石家庄二中2024开学考试] Parks are the beating hearts of cities, providing crucial environments for wildlife of many sizes as well as areas of rest and recreation for local citizens. Accessible via public transport, and located near a university, a stadium and the National Library, Warsaw’s Pole Mokotowskie Park provides green space for many people. One of the International Union for Conservation of Nature’s five pathways to transformative change for water management is to restore species population, ecosystems and the benefits that nature provides to people by using each city’s advantage. As more urban centres seek new ways to unite greenery into the built environment, projects of all sizes and stages add to essential corridors and stopping points for a range of wildlife. 刷阅读理解 15 Tasked with improving Pole Mokotowskie Park’s natural sustainability, architecture company WXCA looked at ways of enhancing the elements that were already in place to better support wildlife. One of the most visible means was the removal of thousands of square metres of concrete （混凝土）. Removing concrete in and around ponds and other waterways allows the city’s features to shape themselves naturally, in reaction to both the surrounding environment and the weather. Doing so supports biodiversity by removing artificial constraints and flows. More than 13,000 square metres of concrete has already been removed, with more removal planned over the next year. For the human users of the park, the designers created education, activity, and art spaces. The Grand Salon, a meadow （草地） surrounded by trees, is for large public gatherings, and a handful of pavilions （亭） spread throughout the space provide visible means of monitoring the quality of the air and water. They also contribute to the park’s ecosystem through rainwater harvesting. As the temperature consistently rises, city planners are using the leaves and branches of the plants and mixed-use designs to reduce heat islands, improve air quality and prevent urban run-off. 刷阅读理解 16 【语篇导读】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了公园是城市的灵魂，为野生动物提供了重要的环境，也为当地居民提供了休息和娱乐的场所。文章以华沙的波雷默柯托威斯基公园为例，说明了公园对生态起到的积极作用。 1.What do we know about Warsaw’s Pole Mokotowskie Park?( ) B A.It creates a new way to the city centre. B.It serves different community groups. C.It shows the locals are living happily. D.It reminds the public to protect the environment. 解析 细节理解题。根据第一段中的Accessible via public transport, and located near a university, a stadium and the National Library, Warsaw’s Pole Mokotowskie Park provides green space for many people.可知，华沙的波雷默柯托威斯基公园临近居民区、大学、体育场和国家图书馆，可以为人们提供休闲和娱乐的场所，即该公园服务于不同的社区群体。故选B项。 刷阅读理解 17 2.What are the projects in Paragraph 2 intended for?( ) D A.Providing stages to show off creativity. B.Taking advantage of the city’s resources. C.Encouraging people to get close to nature. D.Supplying various wildlife with species more room. 解析 细节理解题。根据第二段中的As more urban centres seek new ways to unite greenery into the built environment, projects of all sizes and stages add to essential corridors and stopping points for a range of wildlife.可知，随着越来越多的城市中心寻求将绿色植物融入建筑环境的新方法，各种规模和处于各种阶段的项目都为一系列野生动物增加了必要的走廊和停留点，由此可知，这些项目的目的是为各种野生动物提供更多的城市空间。故选D项。 刷阅读理解 18 3.What does the underlined word “constraints” in Paragraph 3 mean?( ) A A.Limits. B.Factors. C.Methods. D.Damage. 解析 词义猜测题。根据画线词所在句之前的内容可知，为了给野生动物提供更好的环境，一项主要举措是清除池塘和其他水道内外的混凝土，让自然的力量重塑环境。结合常识可知，这里指的是清除人为规划的水道，即此处提到的artificial constraints and flows指人为对水道的限制。constraint与limit意思相近。故选A项。 刷阅读理解 19 4.How do the pavilions help the ecosystem?( ) B A.By offering some shelters. B.By collecting rainwater. C.By monitoring the water flow. D.By reducing high temperature. 解析 细节理解题。根据最后一段中的They also contribute to the park’s ecosystem through rainwater harvesting.可知，亭子通过收集雨水帮助生态系统。故选B项。 【关键点拨】在语境中理解熟词的生义 此处解题的关键是理解harvest的用法。harvest表示“收获；收割”，在这里引申为“收集；贮藏”，选项中用了collecting来进行同义替换。 刷阅读理解 20 长难句分析 句意：世界自然保护联盟提出的水管理变革的五大行动计划之一是利用每个城市的优势，恢复物种数量、生态系统和自然给人类带来的好处。 刷阅读理解 21 核心词汇 1.crucial adj. 至关重要的；关键性的 2.accessible adj. 易到达的；易进入的；易得到的 3.unite vi. & vt.（使）联合；（使）团结 4.sustainability n. 可持续性 5.in reaction to… 应对……；对……作出反应 构词法 bio- prefix 生物的；与生物有关的 biodiversity n. 生物多样性 刷阅读理解 22 [山东淄博2024期中] This past summer I set out on a journey to Canada’s Arctic. When I left I was wrapped in a blanket of uncertainty and . .1. .. But when I first met the group members, I knew I didn’t have anything to . .2. .. The group was amazingly . .3. . and I was soon part of a big family setting out on an amazing . .4. .! Approaching the Arctic, I was repeatedly . .5. . at its hugeness and beauty. There I flew over vast glaciers（冰川）and stood on the frozen Arctic Ocean, . .6. . polar bears walk in search of seal holes, and . .7. . wait for a meal. However, I also learnt the pollutants carried by the ocean from far away have a negative . .8. . on all Arctic inhabitants. And global warming has put polar bears . .9. . because a warmer climate means that they have a shorter time to . .10. . seals on the ice. During the journey, I talked with some . .11. . scientists about the ruins of homes once . .12. . by the ancient Thule people. I made good friends with people from different parts of world. The Arctic is a land of incredible beauty which . .13. . to be preserved. I’ve learnt why it is so important to . .14. . it. This journey has made me more determined to try to . .15. . that I do not leave negative or harmful footprints on either Earth or its people. 刷完形填空 23 【语篇导读】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者去年夏天去北极，看到了北极美丽的景色和动物，也明白了保护北极环境的重要性的故事。 1.( ) A.relief B.anxiety C.pride D.argument B 解析 根据上文的When I left I was wrapped in a blanket of uncertainty可知，作者离开时感到不确定和焦虑。relief意为“宽慰”；anxiety意为“焦虑”；pride意为“骄傲”；argument意为“争论”。故选B项。 2.( ) A.put up B.prepare for C.give up D.worry about D 解析 根据下文I was soon part of a big family可知，作者很快融入了团队，所以没有什么可担心的。put up意为“举起；张贴；搭建”；prepare for意为“为……做准备”；give up意为“放弃”；worry about意为“担心”。故选D项。 刷完形填空 24 3.( ) A.easy-going B.well-behaved C.sensitive D.flexible A 解析 根据下文的I was soon part of a big family可知，作者很快成为大家庭的一员，说明这个团队很随和。easy-going意为“随和的”；well-behaved意为“行为端正的”；sensitive意为“敏感的”；flexible意为“灵活的”。故选A项。 4.( ) A.failure B.performance C.adventure D.conflict C 解析 根据上文的This past summer I set out on a journey to Canada’s Arctic.可知，此处指去北极的冒险。failure意为“失败”；performance意为“演出”；adventure意为“冒险”；conflict意为“冲突”。故选C项。 5.( ) A.embarrassed B.angry C.amused D.shocked D 解析 根据下文的its hugeness and beauty可知，作者不断被北极的广阔和美丽所震撼。故选D项。 刷完形填空 25 6.( ) A.watching B.helping C.seeking D.hearing A 解析 根据下文的polar bears walk in search of seal holes可知，作者观察北极熊寻找海豹的洞。故选A项。 7.( ) A.painfully B.patiently C.unconsciously D.doubtfully B 解析 根据上文的walk in search of seal holes及下文的wait for a meal可知，北极熊在寻找海豹洞穴并耐心地等待自己的猎物。painfully意为“痛苦地”；patiently意为“耐心地”；unconsciously意为“无意识地”；doubtfully意为“怀疑地”。故选B项。 8.( ) A.source B.reaction C.effect D.development C 解析 根据上文的the pollutants carried by the ocean from far away have a negative并结合常识可知，污染物对北极居民肯定是有负面影响。source意为“来源”；reaction意为“反应”；effect意为“影响”；development意为“发展”。故选C项。 刷完形填空 26 9.( ) A.at rest B.at ease C.at peace D.at risk D 解析 根据下文的because a warmer climate means that they have a shorter time… 可知，气候变暖意味着北极熊在冰上猎捕海豹的时间变短，因此，这使北极熊处于危险之中。at rest意为“静止”；at ease意为“舒适；自在”；at peace意为“处于和平状态”；at risk意为“有危险”。故选D项。 10.( ) A.hunt B.explore C.save D.meet A 解析 根据下文的seals on the ice可知，此处指北极熊猎捕海豹。hunt意为“猎杀”；explore意为“勘探；探索”；save意为“救助”；meet意为“遇见”。故选A项。 11.( ) A.demanding B.learned C.modest D.rigid B 解析 根据下文的about the ruins of homes once ____ by the ancient Thule people可知，他们谈论古人，可见科学家们很博学。demanding意为“苛求的”；learned意为“博学的”；modest意为“谦虚的”；rigid意为“顽固的”。故选B项。 刷完形填空 27 12.( ) A.classified B.decorated C.confused D.occupied D 解析 根据上文的the ruins of homes可知，这些房屋曾经是古代图勒人的居住地。classify意为“分类”；decorate意为“装饰”；confuse意为“使困惑”；occupy意为“占据；居住”。故选D项。 13.( ) A.promises B.expects C.deserves D.intends C 解析 根据上文的The Arctic is a land of incredible beauty 可知，北极很美丽，值得人们保护。promise意为“承诺”；expect意为“预计”；deserve意为“值得”；intend意为“打算”。故选C项。 14.( ) A.take care of B.make use of C.run out of D.become tired of A 解析 根据上文的to be preserved可知，此处指保护和爱护北极很重要。take care of意为“照顾”；make use of意为“利用”；run out of意为“用完”；become tired of意为“厌倦”。故选A项。 15.( ) A.deny B.ensure C.understand D.overlook B 解析 根据下文的I do not leave negative or harmful footprints on either Earth or its people可知，作者有了环保意识，努力确保不会给地球或地球上的人们留下负面或有害的足迹。deny意为“否认”；ensure意为“确保”；understand意为“理解”；overlook意为“忽略”。故选B项。 刷完形填空 28 $$