Unit 2 Writing Workshop—Reading Club 2-【高中必刷题】2024-2025学年新教材高中英语选择性必修第一册同步课件（北师大版2019）

04 Writing Workshop—Reading Club 2 Part Ⅰ Vocabulary & Grammar 1 在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 1.Some people believe laziness promotes the development of technology. In turn, _________ （advance） technology perhaps makes people become more inactive. advanced 解析 句意为：有些人认为懒惰促进技术的发展。反过来，先进的技术可能会使人们变得更加懒散。分析句子结构可知，设空处作定语，修饰名词technology，此处表示“先进的”，故填advanced。 2.Individual success makes sense only in _________ （refer） to its social values. reference 解析 句意为：个人的成功只有在其带来的社会价值方面才有意义。in reference to... 为固定表达，意为“关于……”。故填reference。 3.In his lifelong _________ （devote） to agriculture, Yuan Longping was always driven by his passion to better feed China and the world. devotion 解析 句意为：袁隆平毕生致力于农业，他一直被他的热情所驱使，想更好地为中国和世界提供食物。分析句子可知，设空处前有形容词lifelong和形容词性物主代词his修饰，应填名词，故填devotion。 刷单句填空 2 4.The advent （出现） of the compass was a great ___________ （contribute） of the Chinese people to world civilisation. contribution 解析 句意为：指南针的出现是中国人对世界文明的巨大贡献。设空处作表语，其前有形容词great和不定冠词a修饰，应填名词；contribute的名词形式为contribution，意为“贡献”时是可数名词，根据空前的a可知，此处应填其单数形式。故填contribution。 5.At the age when most people retire ______ work, he is ready to face a new career. from 解析 句意为：在大多数人退休的年纪，他准备要面对一项新事业。retire from为固定搭配，意为“从……退休”。故填from。 6.Have you found out the entrance ___ the maze? to 解析 句意为：你找到迷宫的入口了吗？可数名词entrance 后面常接介词to，意为“……的入口”，此类名词还有exit、key、solution、approach等。 刷单句填空 3 7.He stuck to his scientific research and eventually all his diligence paid ____. off 解析 句意为：他坚持自己的科学研究，最终，他的所有勤奋努力都没有白费。固定短语pay off意为“取得成功；奏效”，故填off。 8.By the time we got to the station, the train ________ （leave）. had left 解析 句意为：等我们到达火车站时，火车已经开走了。根据句中“By+过去时间点”的提示可知，设空处应使用过去完成时。 9.Look ahead. That is _______ your future lies. where 解析 句意为：往前看，未来就在那里。分析句子结构可知，设空处引导表语从句，从句谓语动词是lies，意为“位于”。根据句意可知，此处表示“未来所在的地方”，引导词在从句中作地点状语，所以用where引导该从句。 10.Despite the fact _____ they are of an age, they share no interests in common. that 解析 句意为：尽管同岁，他们却没有任何共同爱好。此处为that 引导的同位语从句，解释其前的抽象名词fact的内容。be of an age为固定搭配，等同于be of the same age，意为“年龄相同”。 刷单句填空 4 根据提示补全句子。 1.参加这个艺术节让我对中国传统文化有了更深的了解。（enable） Attending the Art Festival ______________ ____ ___ _______________ a deeper understanding of traditional Chinese culture. enables/enabled me to have/gain/obtain 2.尽管面对困难，我们依然对我们的选择信心满满。（faith） Though in the face of difficulties, we still _____ ___________ _____ ___ what we choose. have great/strong faith in 3.师生之间的交流会对学生在学校的表现有很大的影响。（influence） The interactions between teachers and students can _____ ___ ______ _________ ____ students’ performance at school. have a great influence on 刷单句表达 5 4.作为成年人，你需要为你的所作所为付出代价。 As an adult, you need to _____ ____ ______ ____ what you have done. pay the price for 5.他少年时就已赢得了“天才音乐家”的称号。 By the time he was a teenager, he had already _____________________________ _________________________ “a talented musician”. earned the name/title of 6.这份报告警告说，全球有近15%的人口迫切需要粮食援助。（urgent） The report warns that nearly 15% of the global population are ___ _______ _____ ___ food assistance. in urgent need of earned a reputation as 刷单句表达 6 04 Writing Workshop—Reading Club 2 Part Ⅱ 拓展阅读训练 7 A [四川宜宾三中2024高二期中] In today’s motivational literature, failure is often viewed as something to be celebrated. Inspirational speakers are fond of quoting the words of the novelist Samuel Beckett—“Try again. Fail again. Fail better.” It seems that disappointments are an essential stepping stone to success, a turning point in our life story that will ultimately end in victory. However, psychological researches find most of us struggle to handle failure constructively. In other words, we fail to “fail forwards”. We find ways to devalue the task at which we failed, and become less motivated to persevere （坚持） and reach our goals. This phenomenon is known as the “sour-grape effect”, which was discovered by Professor Hallgeir Sjåstad. Sjåstad explains that the “sour-grape effect” is a self-protective mechanism （机制）. “Most of us picture ourselves as able people, so when outside feedback from others suggests otherwise, it poses a serious threat to that self-image,” he says. “The easiest way out is to deny or explain away the outside signal, so we can keep a positive sense of self. We do this even without noticing.” 刷阅读理解 8 If you have one bad interview for your dream job, you might convince yourself that you don’t really want it at all, and stop applying for similar positions. The same goes if you fail to impress at a sports trial, or if you lose a singing contest. “We tend to explain away our shortcomings and convince ourselves our ‘Plan C’ is actually our ‘Plan A’,” Sjåstad says. It doesn’t mean we should persevere in goals all the time. It can be healthy to change if the process is no longer making us happy. But the “sour-grape effect” may lead us to come to this decision prematurely, rather than hanging on a little and seeing whether we might learn and improve. Failures are unavoidable. By learning to face the disappointment instead of devaluing its importance and pretending nothing happened, however, you may find it easier to achieve your goals. 刷阅读理解 9 【语篇导读】本文是一篇议论文。文章主要论述了正确的失败观——失败是不可避免的，要学会面对失望，而不是一味地贬低它的重要性，假装一切没有发生，这样才能更容易达到我们的目标。 1.Why does the author mention the speech of inspirational speakers in Paragraph 1?( ) B A.To offer an approach to handling failure. B.To introduce a common attitude towards failure. C.To emphasise the importance of experiencing failure. D.To discuss the relationship between success and failure. 解析 推理判断题。根据第一段中的In today’s motivational literature, failure is often viewed as something to be celebrated.可知，作者先是提到了在励志文学作品中，失败常常被视为值得庆祝的事情，随后提到有感召力的演讲者引用作家塞缪尔ㆍ贝克特的话歌颂失败。由此可推测出，作者想要介绍当前社会人们对待失败的普遍态度。故选B项。 刷阅读理解 10 2.What can we learn from Paragraph 3 about the “sour-grape effect”?( ) D A.It does harm to our self-image. B.It pictures us as perfect people. C.It protects us from false feedback. D.It makes us refuse negative feedback. 解析 推理判断题。根据第三段内容可知，我们大多数人总是将自己设想为能力强大的人，而当外部反馈显示我们并不是这样的人时，我们就会否认或去辩解，从而保护自己，因此，“酸葡萄效应”是一种自我保护机制，当外部反馈与自我形象不一致时，“酸葡萄效应”会让我们否认外界对我们的负面反馈。故选D项。 刷阅读理解 11 3.What does the underlined word “prematurely” in Paragraph 5 mean?( ) A A.Hurriedly. B.Mistakenly. C.Unhappily. D.Carelessly. 解析 词义猜测题。根据画线词后的rather than hanging on a little and seeing whether we might learn and improve可知，当实现目标的过程让我们不开心时，我们往往不是坚持一会儿，看看我们是否可以学习和提升，这里应与rather than后的内容相反，表示的是我们会过早作出不再坚持这种决定。prematurely意为“提前地；过早地；仓促地”，与A项“匆忙地”意思最接近。故选A项。 刷阅读理解 12 【关键点拨】重视语境中隐含的逻辑关系 本题中解题的关键信息是画线词后面的半句话，尤其是其中的rather than，其隐含的逻辑关系是对前半句内容的否定，所以该词组前后的语义应该相反，因此我们可以通过理解后半句话的内容来推测画线词的意思。 常见的表示相反含义的逻辑衔接词有but、yet、however、while （而；却）等，rather than的出现频率不高，但是我们也不能忽视它所表达的逻辑关系。熟练掌握行文之间的逻辑有助于我们理解文意。 刷阅读理解 13 4.Which statement would the author most probably agree with?( ) D A.Get ready to replace “Plan A” with “Plan C”. B.Never forget to maintain a positive sense of self. C.Don’t quit when goals no longer make you happy. D.Don’t escape when our self-image gets challenged. 解析 推理判断题。根据最后一段中的By learning to face disappointment instead of devaluing its importance and pretending nothing happened, however, you may find it easier to achieve your goals.可知，作者在最后建议要学会面对失败带来的失望，而不是贬低失望的重要性并假装一切都没发生过，这样会更加有助于实现目标。由此可推测出，作者认为当我们的自我形象受到质疑时，不要一味地逃避。故选D项。 刷阅读理解 14 B [北京人大附中2023高二期中] Eudaimonia is an Ancient Greek word, particularly stressed by the philosophers Plato and Aristotle, which deserves far more attention than it has because it corrects the shortfalls （不足） in one of the most central, but troubling words in our modern language: happiness. When we nowadays try to clearly express the purpose of our lives, it is the word “happiness” that we commonly turn to. We tell ourselves and others that the most important principle for our jobs, our relationships and the conduct of our day-to-day lives is the pursuit of happiness. It sounds like an innocent enough idea, but too much reliance on the term means that we frequently unfairly tend to quit or, at least, heavily question a great many challenging but worthwhile situations. The ancient Greeks did not believe that the purpose of life was to be happy; they proposed that it should be to achieve Eudaimonia, a word which has been best translated as “fulfilment”. 刷阅读理解 15 What distinguishes happiness from fulfilment is pain. It is very possible to be fulfilled and—at the same time—under pressure, suffering physically or mentally, overburdened and, quite frequently, in an irritable （易怒的） mood. This is a slight psychological difference that is hard for the word “happiness” to capture, for it’s tricky to speak of being happy yet unhappy, or happy yet suffering. However, such a combination is readily accommodated within the respected and noble-sounding idea of Eudaimonia. The word encourages us to trust that many of life’s most worthwhile projects will sometimes be in conflict with contentment, and yet will be worth pursuing. Properly exploring our professional talents, managing a household, keeping a relationship going, creating a new business venture or engaging in politics… none of these goals are likely to leave us cheerful and grinning on a daily basis. They will, in fact, involve us in all manner of challenges that will deeply exhaust and weaken us, and provoke （激怒） and wound us. And yet we will perhaps, at the end of our lives, still feel that the tasks were worth undertaking. Through them, we’ll have achieved something deeper and more interesting than happiness. 刷阅读理解 With the word Eudaimonia in mind, we can stop imagining that we are aiming for pain-free existence—and then blaming ourselves unfairly for being in a bad mood. We’ll know that we are trying to do something far more important than smile all the time: We’re striving to do justice to our full human potential. 刷阅读理解 【语篇导读】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了古希腊单词Eudaimonia与现代语言中happiness一词的区别，并鼓励人们尽一切努力寻找满足感。 1.What do we know about “Eudaimonia” from the passage?( ) D A.It was first created by two Greek philosophers. B.It has received a lot of attention from the public. C.It still has some shortfalls needing to be corrected. D.It was regarded as the purpose of life in ancient Greece. 解析 细节理解题。根据第二段中的The ancient Greeks did not believe that the purpose of life was to be happy; they proposed that it should be to achieve Eudaimonia, a word which has been best translated as “fulfilment”.可知，古希腊人并不认为生活的目标是快乐；他们提出生活是为了实现Eudaimonia，对这个词最恰当的翻译是“满足感”。由此推断，在古希腊，Eudaimonia被认为是生活的目标。故选D项。 刷阅读理解 18 2.What does the author think of “happiness” according to Paragraph 3?( ) B A.It is the opposite of fulfilment. B.It is free from physical or mental pain. C.It stresses the psychological difference. D.It serves as a respected and noble life goal. 解析 推理判断题。根据第三段中的What distinguishes happiness from fulfilment is pain. It is very possible to be fulfilled and—at the same time—under pressure, suffering physically or mentally, overburdened and, quite frequently, in an irritable mood. This is a slight psychological difference that is hard for the word “happiness” to capture可知，作者认为快乐是没有身体或精神上的痛苦。故选B项。 刷阅读理解 19 3.What can we learn from the passage?( ) A A.Aiming for happiness may lead to wrong self-blaming. B.Goals that wound and weaken us result in happiness. C.Challenges leading to contentment are worth undertaking. D.Feeling fulfilled means we should avoid tough situations. 解析 推理判断题。根据最后一段中的With the word Eudaimonia in mind, we can stop imagining that we are aiming for pain-free existence—and then blaming ourselves unfairly for being in a bad mood.可知，记住Eudaimonia这个概念，我们就可以不再想象我们的目标是无痛苦的存在（即快乐），并且不再由于心情不佳无端指责自己。由此推断，以快乐为目标可能会导致错误的自我责备。故选A项。 刷阅读理解 20 4.What does the passage encourage the readers to do?( ) A A.Find fulfilment with all efforts. B.Seek for pain-free existence. C.Keep optimistic whatever happens. D.Balance happiness and suffering. 解析 推理判断题。通读全文并结合第四段The word encourages us to trust that many of life’s most worthwhile projects will sometimes be in conflict with contentment, and yet will be worth pursuing… Through them, we’ll have achieved something deeper and more interesting than happiness.可知，这篇文章鼓励读者尽一切努力寻找满足感。故选A项。 刷阅读理解 21 [湖南师大附中2023高二期末] We talk about the persistence needed to make our dream come true today. Just think of Wilbur and Orville Wright. Their . .1. . certainly didn’t happen overnight! Wilbur was 11 years old and Orville 7 when their father brought home a toy. It was a rubber . .2. . made in France. They liked it so much that they played with it until it broke. Immediately, they began . .3. . copies. They were hooked on aviation! In 1900, as young men, having built their first glider （滑翔机）, they decided to . .4. . it out at Kitty Hawk, North Carolina. It . .5. . constant strong winds and the somewhat cushioning （缓冲） effects of sand. Their first flight was unsuccessful, but it didn’t stop them. After several more tries, on December 17, 1903, with a much . .6. . plane, they risked their lives to fly it in the wind. They . .7. . flying the world’s first powered airplane. Beginning at 10:35 am that day, Orville . .8. . it 120 feet in about 12 seconds! At 12:00 pm, Wilbur flew it 852 feet in 59 seconds! Johnny Moore, one of the five men who . .9. . them that morning（in charge of dragging the plane across 刷完形填空 22 across the sand for positioning）, ran to the village of Kitty Hawk crying, “They’ve made it!” This was the . .10. . of aviation! At this time, Wilbur was 36 and Orville 32. Roughly 25 years had passed since their father gave them that . .11. .! If you have a dream, work at it. If it doesn’t turn out as . .12. ., don’t give up! Try again! . .13. . what you want and accomplish it. Don’t ever give up! . .14. . in the world can take the place of persistence. Talent will not. Nothing is more . .15. . than unsuccessful men with talent. Persistence and determination alone make a difference. 刷完形填空 【语篇导读】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了莱特兄弟经过多次实验，终于制造出第一架飞机的故事，并说明了这样一个道理：如果你有梦想，就要不断为之努力；即使没有出现预期的结果，也不要放弃，世界上没有什么东西能代替毅力，只要有毅力，最终一定会取得成功。 1.( ) A.failure B.accident C.achievement D.change C 解析 根据上文中的We talk about the persistence needed to make our dream come true today.以及下文中的“They’ve made it!”可知，此处指莱特兄弟不是在一夜之间就有所成就的。故选C项。 2.( ) A.car B.bicycle C.helicopter D.ship C 解析 根据They were hooked on aviation! 以及下文内容可知，莱特兄弟一直致力于研究飞机，由此可知，父亲给他们带回来的玩具是一个直升机模型。故选C项。 3.( ) A.building B.selling C.buying D.drawing A 解析 根据下文中的In 1900, as young men, having built their first glider可知，此处表示他们开始建造父亲带回来的飞机模型的复制品。故选A项。 刷完形填空 24 4.( ) A.put B.try C.pick D.carry B 解析 根据下文中的Their first flight was unsuccessful可知，他们对自己的飞机进行了试飞，此处表示试验一下。try out意为“试验”，符合语境，故选B项。put out意为“扑灭”；pick out意为“挑选”；carry out意为“实施”。 5.( ) A.avoided B.prevented C.provided D.caught C 解析 根据语境和下文中的fly it in the wind和dragging the plane across the sand for positioning可知，试飞飞机需要借助风力和沙子的缓冲作用，由此可推断，句中的It指代的是上文中的Kitty Hawk，指这个地方能够提供持续的强大风力和沙子的缓冲作用。故选C项。 6.( ) A.ordinary B.similar C.organised D.improved D 解析 根据上文中的Their first flight was unsuccessful和After several more tries可知，他们第一次试飞失败了，之后又进行过几次试飞，此处表示这一次试飞时，他们驾驶的是一架经过多次改良的飞机。故选D项。 刷完形填空 25 7.( ) A.took to B.kept to C.gave up D.ended up D 解析 根据下文中的“They’ve made it!”可知，他们最终驾驶了世界上第一架有动力装置的飞机。end up doing sth意为“最终做某事；以做某事而告终”，符合语境。故选D项。take to意为“喜欢上；养成……的习惯”；keep to意为“遵守；坚持”。 8.( ) A.flew B.placed C.dragged D.pulled A 解析 根据下文At 12:00 pm, Wilbur flew it 852 feet in 59 seconds!中的关键词flew可知，这里表示在大约十二秒钟之内奥维尔飞行了120英尺（约36.5米）。故选A项。此处为原词复现。 9.( ) A.noticed B.saved C.visited D.helped D 解析 根据下文中的in charge of dragging the plane across the sand for positioning可知，约翰尼·穆尔在帮助他们。故选D项。 刷完形填空 26 10.( ) A.result B.birth C.target D.development B 解析 根据上文They ____ flying the world’s first powered airplane.以及“They’ve made it!”可知，他们成功地试飞世界上第一架动力飞机，故此处表示这是飞行的诞生。故选B项。 11.( ) A.toy B.party C.promise D.chance A 解析 根据第二段中的their father brought home a toy可知，父亲给他们的是玩具。故选A项。此处为原词复现。 12.( ) A.allowed B.decided C.expected D.required C 解析 根据语境可知，此处表示如果你有梦想，就去实现它，哪怕结果不符合你的预期，也不要放弃。as expected是固定用法，意为“正如预期的那样”，符合语境。故选C项。 刷完形填空 27 13.( ) A.Worry about B.Return to C.Forget about D.Stick to D 解析 根据下文Don’t ever give up!可知，这里是指坚持你想要的，并且实现它。stick to意为“坚持”，符合语境。故选D项。 14.( ) A.Something B.Nothing C.Anything D.Everything B 解析 根据上文____ what you want and accomplish it. Don’t ever give up!可知，世界上没有什么东西能代替坚持不懈。故选B项。 15.( ) A.common B.active C.satisfactory D.exciting A 解析 根据上文中的____ in the world can take the place of persistence. Talent will not.可知，此处表示世界上没有什么东西能够取代毅力，天赋也不行，拥有天赋但无法成功的人太常见了。故选A项。 刷完形填空 28 $$