Unit 4 Meeting the muse 单元限时小卷-【高中必刷题】2024-2025学年新教材高中英语选择性必修第一册同步课件（外研版2019）

03 单元限时小卷 建议用时：53分钟 1 Comfort food makes a person feel good. Food high in sugar or fat tends to improve moods by stimulating the brain’s reward system. So it makes sense that many of us may turn to food for comfort in times of stress. There’s some fascinating research that examines food as a source of comfort. However, the most interesting thing about this research may be that foods are far less comforting than we tend to believe they are. Traci Mann, a professor of psychology, and colleagues conducted a series of studies with people. The researchers examined how much comfort foods actually improve moods. They provided participants with one of the three foods that they had indicated were their top, personal comfort foods. After producing a negative mood by having them watch movie clips designed to increase their sadness, anger and anxiety, the researchers offered the participants their comfort food. 刷阅读理解 2 They had to assess how they felt before and after they were supposedly comforted by ice cream, pizza or whatever they had indicated they typically ate to feel better. All of the participants completed the study on two separate occasions: once when they were able to eat their comfort food and once when they were able to eat another food they liked, but they wouldn’t call comfort food. The researchers found that comfort food did improve participants’ moods—but only by a little bit and not more than the other food they liked. In another study, comfort food was compared to no food at all, and participants’ moods seemed to improve even when they didn’t eat anything—most likely just due to the passage of time. What’s the take-home message from the studies? While the comfort food may make the person feel better for the time being, it does little to address emotional problems. Of course, everyone can indulge（沉迷）in comfort food from time to time, but overall, aim for these instances to be the exception rather than the rule. 刷阅读理解 3 【语篇导读】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了一项关于安慰食物是否真的有安慰作用的研究，通过实验研究发现，安慰食物对改善情绪的作用非常有限，甚至没有吃其他喜欢的食品更加有效，同时即使不吃食物，情绪也会因为时间流逝而有所改善。文章提醒人们应对情绪问题采取更有效的解决方式，不要单纯依赖安慰食物。 1.Which aspect of comfort food do Traci Mann’s studies focus on?( ) D A.The means by which it affects moods. B.Its role in reducing negativity. C.Its impact on physical health. D.The extent to which it lifts moods. 解析 细节理解题。根据第一段中的There’s some fascinating research that examines food as a source of comfort.However, the most interesting thing about this research may be that foods are far less comforting than we tend to believe they are.以及第二段中的The researchers examined how much comfort foods actually improve moods.可知，心理学教授特拉奇·曼及其同事调查了安慰食物能真正改善情绪的程度。故选D项。 刷阅读理解 4 2.How were the studies carried out?( ) D A.By analysing questionnaires about comfort foods. B.By observing participants’ different reactions to foods. C.By collecting data about people from all walks of life. D.By comparing participants’ feelings on different occasions. 解析 推理判断题。根据第三段中的They had to assess how they felt before and after they were supposedly comforted by ice cream, pizza or whatever they had indicated they typically ate to feel better.及on two separate occasions可知，研究者评估了参与者在吃冰激凌、比萨饼或任何他们认为能让他们感觉更好的食物之前和之后的感觉，即通过比较参与者在不同场合的感受而开展研究的。故选D项。 刷阅读理解 5 3.What does the author intend to do in the last paragraph?( ) C A.Explain a rule. B.Introduce a concept. C.Make a suggestion. D.Present a fact. 解析 推理判断题。根据最后一段内容可知，本段告知读者安慰食物可能会让人暂时感觉好一些，但它对解决情绪问题几乎没有作用，因此不能将其视为一套一定奏效的方法而依赖于此，缓解情绪应该选择一些别的方法。故推断文章最后一段是作者想要给读者们提出建议。故选C项。 刷阅读理解 6 4.What is a suitable title for the text?( ) B A.The Science Behind Comfort Food B.Comfort Food May Not Work Wonders C.Feeling Negative? Try Comfort Food D.Comfort Food Tends to Be Unhealthy 解析 主旨大意题。根据第一段内容以及通读全文可知，一项研究发现，安慰食物对改善情绪的作用非常有限，甚至没有吃其他喜欢的食品更加有效。文章提醒人们应对情绪问题采取更有效的解决方式，不要单纯依赖安慰食物来缓解自己的情绪。故B项（安慰食物可能不会产生奇迹）能够概括本文的主要内容，最适合做本文的标题。 刷阅读理解 7 [福建师大附中2024高二期中] Have you ever had a staring contest? It can be difficult to keep your eyes open for long periods of time because of the natural tendency to blink. But why do we need to blink? There are two main reasons. First, blinking clears away dust from the eyes.1. . It might be under the eyelid or something that blew in. Second, blinking lubricates（使润滑）the eyeballs. The eyes need a smooth surface for light to properly focus on, so vision becomes clear. Blinking releases a tear film which mostly consists of water, oil and mucus（黏液）to keep the surface of the eyeball smooth. 2. . The tear film also supplies oxygen to the eye. Blood vessels（血管）don’t reach the cornea（角膜）, but the tear film directly transfers oxygen to it. B A 刷7选5 8 Blinking happens naturally. It takes the average person 400 milliseconds to blink. Most people blink somewhere between 10 and 20 times per minute, usually around 15 or 16 times. 3. . For example, you may blink more frequently if there’s something in your eye. Certain conditions can make it feel like there’s something in your eye, which makes you blink more. Some people have habitual involuntary movements that lead them to blink frequently. 4. . If you have uncorrected vision problems, you may blink more often because your eyes are naturally trying to correct the unclear vision. If there is damage to the facial nerve, which is responsible for closing the eyelid, a person may blink more slowly or less often. Tiredness and some medications can cause a similar effect. 5. . For example, when reading, people tend to blink at the end of a sentence rather than in the middle. F C G 刷7选5 9 A.It also prevents the eyes from drying out. B.If there’s a foreign body, it helps get rid of it. C.And stress and anxiety can make you blink more, too. D.Blinking more often than needed can give brain extra stress. E.Pinkeye and other types of infection can also cause damage to eyes. F.However, there are some circumstances that make people blink more or less often. G.Focusing on something like watching a movie, you may blink less to strengthen your focus. 刷7选5 10 【语篇导读】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了人们为什么眨眼以及不同情况下人们眨眼频率的变化。 1.___ B 解析 根据空前一句和下文的It might be under the eyelid or something that blew in.可知，此处应提到It指代的内容，前文提到眨眼可以清除眼睛里的灰尘，B项（如果有异物，眨眼有助于将其清除）也是眨眼的作用之一，其中的a foreign body即为后面It所指的内容。故选B项。 2.___ A 解析 根据上文的Second, blinking lubricates the eyeballs.及Blinking releases a tear film which mostly consists of water, oil and mucus to keep the surface of the eyeball smooth.可知，眨眼可以释放泪膜，润滑眼球。因此，A项（它还可以防止眼睛干涩）符合语境，其中It指代上文的Blinking。 3.___ F 解析 根据上文内容可知，本段主要介绍眨眼的频率，大多数人每分钟眨眼10到20次，通常为15或16次左右。再根据后文的例子可知，有时眨眼更频繁，有时次数会减少，故F项（不过，在某些情况下，人们的眨眼次数会增加或减少）符合语境。 刷7选5 11 4.___ C 解析 根据上文的Some people have habitual involuntary movements that lead them to blink frequently.可知，此处介绍有的人习惯性频繁眨眼睛，再结合下文的If you have uncorrected vision problems, you may blink more often介绍了另一种人们眨眼次数会增加的情况可知，C项（压力和焦虑也会让你眨眼更频繁）符合语境，其中blink more与上文的blink frequently和下文的blink more often相呼应。 5.___ G 解析 根据下文的For example, when reading, people tend to blink at the end of a sentence rather than in the middle.可知，设空处应是针对该例子的观点，G项（专注于某件事时，如看电影，你可能会减少眨眼次数来加强注意力）符合所举例子的内容。故选G项。 刷7选5 12 【方法总结】利用例证关系解题 例证关系表示前后的某句是为了证明另一句而举的例子。例证的形式具有多样性，思维过程基本是归纳（从例子到观点）和演绎（从观点到例子）。常见的表示例证关系的标志词有：for example、for instance、in fact/as a matter of fact、actually、in other words/that is to say等。 刷7选5 13 [广东东莞2023高二期中] Adventure is in my blood. And I had been considering how I was going to celebrate my high school graduation. I didn’t just want a small . .1. . in the backyard. I started thinking about doing a solo . .2. . somewhere out of the ordinary. I took out the map and drew a 1,500-mile . .3. . along which I would be . .4. . from the northernmost point in Norway to the southernmost section of Sweden. When I . .5. . my plan with my dad, he . .6. . as I thought he would. Because I get my adventurous . .7. . from him, he was all for it. I had only been away from my home for three days, but there was an inner . .8. . going on. Part of me was homesick and doubting whether I really could . .9. . it. The other part of me was ready to . .10. . to myself and my family that I could do it by myself. 刷完形填空 14 On the road, I met another bicyclist who was quite a bit older than I was. He started his journey alone by bike at the southern part of Norway and at last finished. I could tell he had a great sense of . .11. .. It encouraged me not to . .12. .. As I listened to my favourite artists on my MP4 player, I pedalled with my feet. There was nobody around me for miles.. .13. ., that wasn’t entirely true. There were mosquitoes, millions of them. My arms were so dotted with . .14. . that they looked like a topographical（地形的） map. But however . .15. . it would be, nothing could stop my advance on the destination. As you know, adventure is in my blood. 刷完形填空 15 【语篇导读】本文是一篇记叙文，讲述了作者只身一人骑车冒险来庆祝自己高中毕业的故事。虽然一路艰辛，但是他没有放弃。 1.( ) A.meeting B.party C.conversation D.game B 解析 句意为：我不只是想在后院开个小的派对。根据上文And I had been considering how I was going to celebrate my high school graduation.可知，作者一直在考虑该如何庆祝高中毕业，结合常识可知，庆祝高中毕业的方式通常包含举办聚会。故选B项。 2.( ) A.trip B.flight C.interview D.performance A 解析 句意为：我开始考虑去一个不同寻常的地方单独旅行。根据上文Adventure is in my blood.可知，作者很喜欢冒险，故可能会通过旅行来庆祝毕业。故选A项。 刷完形填空 16 3.( ) A.route B.magazine C.instruction D.newspaper A 解析 句意为：我拿出地图，画了一条1,500英里（=2413.5千米）长的路线，我将沿着这条路线从挪威的最北端骑到瑞典的最南端。根据下文from the northernmost point in Norway to the southernmost section of Sweden可知，作者拿出地图绘制了自己的旅行路线。故选A项。 4.( ) A.flying B.cycling C.running D.walking B 解析 根据下文On the road, I met another bicyclist who was quite a bit older than I was.可知，作者是骑车旅行。故选B项。 5.( ) A.shared B.changed C.prepared D.compared A 解析 句意为：当我和我父亲分享我的计划时，他同意了，就像我想的那样。根据下文with my dad和he was all for it可知，作者把旅行计划告诉了自己的父亲，即和父亲分享了他的旅行计划。故选A项。 刷完形填空 17 6.( ) A.left B.cried C.sighed D.agreed D 解析 根据下文he was all for it可知，作者的父亲完全支持他的旅行计划。故选D项。 7.( ) A.story B.skill C.spirit D.hobby C 解析 句意为：因为我的冒险精神遗传自他，所以他完全支持。根据上文Adventure is in my blood.可知，作者天生对冒险充满热爱，即他富有冒险精神。故选C项。 8.( ) A.discussion B.activity C.request D.battle D 解析 句意为：我离开家才三天，但内心却在进行一场斗争。根据下文Part of me was homesick and doubting 和The other part of me was ready 可知，作者的内心在作斗争，对是否继续自己的冒险之旅有点犹豫。故选D项。 刷完形填空 18 9.( ) A.get B.put C.make D.take C 解析 根据上文语境和下文I could do it by myself可知，此处表示作者的内心在挣扎，一方面怀疑自己是否能够完成冒险之旅，另一方面又准备向自己和家人证明自己能做到。make it表示“成功；做到”。故选C项。 10.( ) A.attend B.adapt C.prove D.reply C 解析 句意为：另一方面我准备向自己和家人证明，我自己能做到。根据下文I could do it by myself可知，虽然作者对自己有所怀疑，但是又想证明自己可以完成冒险之旅。故选C项。 11.( ) A.satisfaction B.direction C.balance D.humour A 解析 句意为：我可以看出他有一种极大的满足感。根据下文It encouraged me not to ____.可知，另一个骑行的人应该是取得了满意的结果，所以令作者受到鼓舞。故选A项。 刷完形填空 19 12.( ) A.speed up B.give up C.calm down D.break down B 解析 根据下文As I listened to my favourite artists on my MP4 player, I pedalled with my feet.可知，作者从另一位骑行者的故事中受到鼓舞之后没有放弃，继续了他的冒险之旅。故选B项。 13.( ) A.Firstly B.Actually C.Eventually D.Fortunately B 解析 根据上文There was nobody around me for miles.和下文There were mosquitoes, millions of them.可知，作者在说了自己周围没有人之后意识到自己说的不完全正确，实际上自己周围还有蚊子。故选B项。 14.( ) A.cuts B.bites C.dots D.wounds B 解析 句意为：我的手臂上布满了咬痕，看起来就像是一张地形图。 根据上文There were mosquitoes, millions of them.可知，作者的手臂被蚊子咬了。故选B项。 15.( ) A.boring B.confusing C.appealing D.challenging D 解析 句意为：但无论这多么具有挑战性，没有什么能阻止我向目的地前进。根据上文but there was an inner ____ going on和There were mosquitoes, millions of them.可知，作者的骑行之路具有挑战性。故选D项。 刷完形填空 20 The rise of technology, along 1. . the introduction of new products, is changing our world, 2. . （lead） to the introduction of new words from all over the world. As we interact with different people, we also learn new words. Language change is 3. . （obvious） among the younger generation than the older generation. The younger generation tend 4. . （interact） more frequently with people from other 5. . （region） of the world. Therefore, they bring in a 6. . （various） of new words. with leading more obvious to interact regions variety 刷语法填空 21 For example, words like sushi （寿司） 7. . （introduce） into English vocabulary through exchanges between countries in the 20th century. Had it not been for language change and globalisation, such words would have been unheard-of in an English-speaking region. This increased exposure to other parts of the world is also 8. . （large） due to our beloved Internet connections! We must also appreciate the fact 9. . if language didn’t evolve（逐步发展）, we might still be using Shakespearean English. However, not all change is good. The Internet has led to some deterioration（退化）in our language. The increase in text messaging and 10. . use of abbreviations（缩略语）both lead to a significant decline of languages all over the world. were introduced largely that the 刷语法填空 22 【语篇导读】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了随着科技发展以及新产品的不断引进，来自世界各地的新词汇正在使语言发生改变。 1._____ with 解析 句意为：科技的兴起，以及新产品的引进，正在改变我们的世界，导致新词从世界各地引入。along with… 为固定用法，意为“与……一起”。故填with。 2.________ leading 解析 句意见上一题解析。分析句子结构可知，句子谓语为is changing，设空处应用非谓语动词形式，此处表示自然而然的结果，应用现在分词作状语。 3._____________ more obvious 解析 句意为：语言的变化在年轻一代中比在年老一代中更明显。根据than可知，此处表示比较含义，应用形容词的比较级。故填more obvious。 刷语法填空 23 4.__________ to interact 解析 句意为：年轻一代往往更频繁地与来自世界其他地区的人互动。tend to do sth是固定用法，意为“往往会做某事”，不定式作宾语。故填to interact。 5.________ regions 解析 句意见上一题解析。根据句意可知，此处表示复数概念，且设空处前有other修饰，应用名词复数形式。故填regions。 6._______ variety 解析 句意为：因此，他们引入了各种各样的新词。a variety of是固定搭配，意为“各种各样的”。故填variety。 刷语法填空 24 7._______________ were introduced 解析 句意为：例如，像sushi（寿司）这样的词汇是在20世纪时通过各国间的交流而被引入英语词汇的。分析句子结构可知，设空处在句中作谓语，根据句意可知，introduce和主语words之间是被动关系，应用被动语态；再根据时间状语in the 20th century可知，此处应用一般过去时。主语words为复数概念，谓语动词应用复数形式。故填were introduced。 8._______ largely 解析 句意为：能够增加与世界其他地方的接触很大程度上也是由于我们喜爱的因特网连接！设空处在句中作状语，表示程度，应用副词。故填largely。 刷语法填空 25 9._____ that 解析 句意为：我们还必须意识到，如果语言没有发展，我们可能仍在使用莎士比亚风格的英语。分析句子结构可知，设空处引导同位语从句，对前面名词fact的内容进行解释说明。从句句意完整，且不缺少成分，故用that引导该从句。 10.____ the 解析 句意为：短信的增加和缩略语的使用都导致全世界范围内语言的显著衰退。根据后面的of abbreviations可知，此处表示特指，应用定冠词限定。故填the。 刷语法填空 26 [黑龙江哈师大附中2024高二期中] 假设你是李华，你校举办了一场学生艺术作品展。请为你校校刊（英文版）写一篇短文，介绍这次活动。内容包括： 1.活动背景； 2.活动详情； 3.个人感受。 注意：写作词数应为80个左右。 ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 刷应用文写作 27 【写作提示】 1.思路点拨 2.提分词句 be intended to、stir one’s interest in、enrich、a mass of、现在分词短语作状语（expressing that art brings us enjoyment of beauty and hoping that more students would fall in love with art）、consist of、characterise、be struck by…、leave a lasting impression on… 等。 刷应用文写作 28 【参考范文】 A student art exhibition was successfully held last week in our school, which was intended to stir students’ interest in art and enrich our campus cultural life. The activity fascinated a mass of visitors. At the beginning, our schoolmaster delivered a speech, expressing that art brings us enjoyment of beauty and hoping that more students would fall in love with art. The exhibition consisted of different sections, including photographs, sculptures and paper-cuttings.Students’ creativity, artistic techniques and efforts characterised the artworks on display. It was said that some of them had been awarded big prizes. I enjoyed the whole experience. When I laid eyes on the fantastic art pieces, I was struck by them.The art exhibition has left a lasting impression on me up to now. 刷应用文写作 29 核心词汇 1.stimulate vt.刺激；促进；激发；激励 2.make sense 有道理；有意义；讲得通；合乎情理 3.tendency n.趋势；倾向 4.clear away把……清除掉 5.foreign body异物 进阶词汇 1.transfer… to… 将……转移到…… 2.habitual adj.习惯性的；惯常的 刷应用文写作 30 熟词生义 1.film 熟义：n.电影 生义：n.薄薄的一层；薄膜 2.passage 熟义：n.章节；段落；通道 生义：n.（时间的）流逝，推移 构词法 in- prefix 不；非；相反的 involuntary adj.无意识的；非自愿的 刷应用文写作 31 $$