Unit 4 Body Language 单元限时小卷-【高中必刷题】2024-2025学年新教材高中英语选择性必修第一册同步课件（人教版2019）

03 单元限时小卷 1 The success of many North American crops partly depends on ground beetles, small insects that eat pests and weed seeds which could otherwise damage crops. But a new study by researchers in the US and Canada suggests not all of the nearly 2,000 species of ground beetles found in North America will survive climate change. Some could decline. And that could have a far-reaching impact on agriculture, forestry, and conservation. By studying the data on 136 different ground beetle species across continental North America, Puerto Rico and Hawaii, the researchers found that a species’ chance of success in a changing climate depends on several important factors, such as its habitat preference, body size, and whether it flies, climbs or runs. “We found that less mobile, nonflying ground beetles, which are critical pest control agents, are more likely to decline over time in a warmer, drier climate,” said Tong Qiu, who led the study.“That means you’re going to have more pests that can impact agricultural and forest ecosystems.” But there is reason for hope, Qiu added, because the analysis also showed that habitat conservation can lessen these effects and reverse the trends in some areas. 刷阅读理解 2 “We hope conservation biologists will use the information and the online map that we created to better manage habitats for insects in general. Ground beetles are very beneficial to ecosystems, but they’re largely invisible to the average person. In this paper we’re showing the broad impacts they have on whole communities in forested and agricultural ecosystems,” said Qiu. The researchers used ground beetle count data from the National Science Foundation’s National Ecological Observatory Network （NEON） and from 11 previously published studies to measure and map the beetles’ distribution across North America. Habitat information, such as the location of gaps in forest canopies （树冠） and the density of plants on a forest floor, was obtained by using NEON’s imaging instruments to create detailed three-dimensional images of landscapes. The researchers then entered the collected data into a statistical model to simulate （模拟） climate change to study how the insects would respond. 刷阅读理解 3 刷阅读理解 4 1.What does the new study in North America show?( ) B A.Pests could destroy many North American crops. B.Some ground beetles will not survive climate change. C.The survival of ground beetles only depends on its habitat. D.Some ground beetles will destroy crops in a warmer climate. 解析 细节理解题。根据第一段中的But a new study by researchers in the US and Canada suggests not all of the nearly 2,000 species of ground beetles found in North America will survive climate change.Some could decline.可知，北美的这项新研究表明，一些步甲科昆虫将无法在气候变化中生存。故选B项。 【语篇导读】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了一项新的研究表明，在北美发现的能够保护农作物的近2,000种步甲科昆虫中，有一些面临气候威胁。 刷阅读理解 5 2.What does Tong Qiu intend to convey in Paragraphs 3 and 4?( ) D A.There is no way to stop the decline of ground beetles. B.Critical pests are more adaptable in a warmer, drier climate. C.Ground beetles will become less mobile in a warmer climate. D.The importance of ground beetles should be widely recognised. 解析 推理判断题。根据第三段内容可知，气候变化会影响步甲科昆虫，而这种昆虫的减少会影响农业和森林生态系统。再根据第四段中的Ground beetles are very beneficial to ecosystems, but they’re largely invisible to the average person.In this paper we’re showing the broad impacts they have on whole communities in forested and agricultural ecosystems可知，步甲科昆虫对生态系统非常有益，但普通人基本上看不到它们。邱桐在论文中展示了它们对森林和农业生态系统中整个群落的广泛影响。因此邱桐想表达的是，步甲科昆虫的重要性应该得到广泛的认识。故选D项。 刷阅读理解 6 3.How did the research team carry out the study?( ) A A.By analysing data. B.By assessing conditions. C.By doing field research. D.By studying documents. 解析 推理判断题。根据第二段中的By studying the data on 136 different ground beetle species以及最后一段中的The researchers used ground beetle count data和The researchers then entered the collected data into a statistical model to simulate climate change to study how the insects would respond.可知，研究小组是通过分析数据展开这项研究的。 刷阅读理解 7 4.What is the best title for the passage?( ) B A.North American Agriculture Crops at Risk B.Crop-Saving Beetles Under Climate Threats C.Catastrophic Climate Change on the Way D.Beetles’ Reaction to Simulated Climate Change 解析 主旨大意题。通读全文可知，本文主要介绍了北美步甲科昆虫能够抑制害虫、保护农作物，而随着气候变化，一些品种的步甲科昆虫数量正在减少，为了保护这些步甲科昆虫，研究人员开展了一系列相关的研究。结合选项可知，B项（拯救农作物的步甲科昆虫面临气候威胁）最适合做本文的标题。 刷阅读理解 8 长难句分析 句意：研究人员利用美国国家科学基金会的国家生态观测网络（NEON）和先前发表的11项研究中的步甲科昆虫计数数据，测量并绘制了步甲科昆虫在北美的分布图。 刷阅读理解 9 Variety makes things fresh and interesting; it keeps your brain sharp and your body alive—part of the reason why we feel refreshed after a holiday is the break from routine.1. . So doing things differently might take a bit of effort at first, but you’ll soon feel the benefits. Whether it’s learning a skill, or visiting somewhere new, these all require different ways of thinking. “Lifelong learning requires us to have a growth mind-set, to upsize our knowledge of the world,” says Susan Sanders, a health coach. “2. . It’s the learning that makes the difference, firing up our curiosity and engaging our minds.” Many people decide that the best way to keep their minds feeling younger is to really change their life and train for a new career.“As humans, we are meant to grow, stretch, and expand,” says Francesca Kastelanides, founder and director of Beam Academy.“3. . Although it will most likely be challenging at times, if your reason is strong enough, you will always gain the benefits.” 4. . “When starting a new journey, ask yourself what you hope to gain, why you want to make this move, and what you expect to get out of it in the end.” A C E G 刷7选5 10 Learning something new will not only improve your skill set but it will boost your well-being. From a physical point of view, when you exercise your brain, the mind reshapes itself, because the physical brain can grow and change. But, mentally, a new skill also provides you with motivation and increases your confidence.5. . And, of course, learning will open new opportunities in life that will boost your happiness. And who doesn’t want to be happier? A.We’re naturally creatures of habit. B.But learning to grow is no easy task. C.And it doesn’t matter what we learn. D.Thus you can overcome any fears and anxieties you have. E.Learning a new skill or retraining for a different career can only be positive. F.To have the desired result, you should make some preparations in the first place. G.She explains that the most important thing is to make use of your central motivation. D 刷7选5 11 1.___ A 解析 上文提到了关键词routine，即我们过着常规的生活；下文提出用不同的方式做事情可能需要付出一些努力，这里“不同的方式”指的是与上文的routine不同的方式，所以设空处应该选择带有与routine近义或同义的选项。A项（我们天生是墨守成规的人）符合文意，故选A项。 2.___ C 解析 上文提出要终身学习，下文强调了学习本身的重要性。C项（我们学什么并不重要）承上启下，既谈到了学习，又对下文“学习本身起作用”进行了强调。故选C项。 3.___ E 解析 上文提到关键词train和career，下文Although it will most likely be challenging at times提到这种改变可能会比较难，故设空处应承上启下，需要提到“职业” “培训”及其带来的情感价值。E项（学习一项新技能或为不同的职业接受再培训只有积极的好处）符合文意。故选E项。 【语篇导读】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了学习的意义，学习不光能改变思维模式，使我们受益，还可以提升幸福感。 刷7选5 12 4.___ G 解析 下文是一个人说的话，指出了大家在做每件事情之前需要问自己的问题；而上文强调，做事情之前一定要有足够充分的理由，所以设空处需要谈到做事的动机。G项（她解释说，最重要的是利用你的核心动机）出现了说话人She并引出下文的直接引语，符合文意。故选G项。 5.___ D 解析 上文But, mentally, a new skill also provides you with motivation and increases your confidence.和下文And, of course, learning will open new opportunities in life that will boost your happiness.都提到了学习新技能对情绪的改善，即提高自信和幸福感，所以设空处也应该表达学习对情绪的改善。D项（因此，你可以克服任何恐惧和焦虑）符合文意。 刷7选5 13 In San Antonio, a theme park called Morgan’s Wonderland has welcomed visitors across the globe. It’s a fully . .1. . space designed for people who have special needs and it all began with one dad who wanted to make his daughter Morgan Hartman . .2. .. Morgan Hartman was born with . .3. ..On a family vacation back in 2006, Morgan’s father Gordon noticed her being . .4. . by a group of children she was trying to play with at a hotel swimming pool. It left Morgan with a painful experience. All she wanted was to . .5. ., Gordon said. So, like a good father who sees his child being hurt in some way, he . .6. . to create a space where everyone felt welcome. Construction began in 2007.Three years later, Morgan’s Wonderland was . .7. . and opened to the world. The nonprofit theme park . .8. . many fancy attractions and offers free admission to anyone with a disability. 刷完形填空 14 Morgan’s Wonderland is a . .9. . that the government is actively encouraging the wider community to adopt as well. All its facilities for the disabled are . .10. . integrated with the surroundings, so they never attract unnecessary attention to their . .11. ..In addition to rides and games, Morgan’s Wonderland also offers an . .12. . called the Home Lab, where the disabled can practise daily activities such as preparing food, getting dressed and socialising in a safe, comfortable setting using . .13. . technology. Gordon is clear that Morgan’s Wonderland supplies an opportunity for the children who have special needs with the kind of interactions he saw his daughter . .14. . of so many years ago, no matter what their . .15. . may be. 【语篇导读】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了一位父亲为先天残疾的女儿建造了一座无障碍主题公园，并向其他有特殊需要的人开放的故事。 刷完形填空 15 1.( ) A.movable B.private C.accessible D.clean C 解析 根据下文designed for people who have special needs可知，这个主题公园是为有特殊需要的人设计的，即有特殊需要的人可以入园。故选C项。movable意为“可移动的；活动的”；private意为“私人的；私有的”。 2.( ) A.calm B.happy C.strong D.proud B 解析 根据下文On a family vacation back in 2006, Morgan’s father Gordon noticed her being ____ by a group of children she was trying to play with at a hotel swimming pool.和It left Morgan with a painful experience.可知，女儿在同龄人中受到排挤，所以父亲想让女儿开心，为女儿建造了一个可以玩的地方。故选B项。 3.( ) A.dreams B.talents C.disabilities D.addictions C 解析 根据下文内容可知，摩根·哈特曼天生残疾，在同龄人中受到了排挤，她的父亲不愿意看到自己的孩子受到伤害，于是决定建造一座可以供残疾人游玩的游乐园。故选C项。talent意为“才华”；addiction意为“入迷；嗜好”。 刷完形填空 16 4.( ) A.taken in B.cared for C.watched over D.left out D 解析 根据下文It left Morgan with a painful experience.并结合选项可知，这样的经历让摩根很痛苦，因此应该是她想和一群孩子玩耍却被排挤在外。be left out意为“被忽视”，故选D项。take in意为“吸收；包括；欺骗”；care for意为“照顾；照料”；watch over意为“监督；照管”。 5.( ) A.participate B.challenge C.escape D.adapt A 解析 根据上文On a family vacation back in 2006, Morgan’s father Gordon noticed her being ____ by a group of children she was trying to play with at a hotel swimming pool.可知，摩根想参与到孩子们的活动中去。故选A项。challenge意为“挑战”；escape意为“逃跑；逃避”；adapt意为“适应”。 6.( ) A.hesitated B.begged C.agreed D.determined D 解析 根据上文So, like a good father who sees his child being hurt in some way可知，看到女儿受到伤害，父亲决定要建造一个让所有人都能玩得开心的地方。故选D项。hesitate意为“犹豫”；beg意为“乞讨；乞求”。 刷完形填空 17 7.( ) A.designed B.donated C.completed D.repaired C 解析 根据下文opened to the world可知，父亲为女儿建造的摩根乐园完工了。故选C项。donate意为“捐献；捐赠”；repair意为“修理；修补”。 8.( ) A.rents B.features C.discovers D.explores B 解析 根据下文many fancy attractions可推知，这座主题公园的特色是有许多奇特的景点。feature意为“以……为特色；是……的特征”，故选B项。 9.( ) A.model B.plan C.chance D.record A 解析 根据下文the government is actively encouraging the wider community to adopt as well可推知，摩根乐园是政府积极鼓励更广泛的社区采用的运营模式。故选A项。 10.( ) A.likely B.perfectly C.partly D.basically B 解析 根据下文so they never attract unnecessary attention to their ____ 可推知，这座主题公园里所有的残疾人设施都与周围环境完美融合。故选B项。 刷完形填空 18 11.( ) A.brand B.quality C.structure D.existence D 解析 根据上文so they never attract unnecessary attention可知，主题公园里的所有游乐设施都与周围环境完美融合，因此这些设施的存在不会引起不必要的注意。existence意为“存在”，故选D项。brand意为“品牌”；structure意为“结构；构造”。 12.( ) A.object B.adventure C.experience D.invention C 解析 根据下文的where the disabled can practise daily activities such as preparing food, getting dressed and socialising in a safe, comfortable setting using ____ technology可知，摩根乐园还为残障人士提供练习日常活动的体验。故选C项。 13.( ) A.assistive B.educational C.military D.medical A 解析 根据where the disabled can practise daily activities such as preparing food, getting dressed and socialising in a safe, comfortable setting可推知，辅助技术可以帮助残疾人练习这些日常活动。assistive technology意为“辅助技术”，故选A项。educational意为“教育的；有教育意义的”；military意为“军用的”；medical意为“医疗的”。 刷完形填空 19 14.( ) A.suspected B.robbed C.warned D.reminded B 解析 根据上文On a family vacation back in 2006, Morgan’s father Gordon noticed her being ____ by a group of children she was trying to play with at a hotel swimming pool.可知，女儿因为残疾，想和其他孩子一起玩耍却被排挤在外。所以此处指他看到自己的女儿多年前被剥夺了这种互动。rob sb of… 为固定用法，意为“剥夺某人的……；使某人丧失……”，故选B项。suspect意为“怀疑（某人有罪）”。 15.( ) A.future B.culture C.belief D.condition D 解析 摩根乐园让有特殊需要的孩子也拥有了安心玩乐的机会，此处指的是不管这些孩子的情况如何。故选D项。 刷完形填空 20 [全国乙2022] May 21st this year marks the first International Tea Day, which was named officially 1. . the United Nations on November 27th, 2019.To celebrate 2. . festival, a number of events took place at the Chinese Businessman Museum in Beijing on Thursday. The chairman of the China Culture Promotion Society 3. . （address） the opening ceremony.“As a main promoter of the International Tea Day, the birthplace of tea and the 4. . （large） tea-producing country, China has a 5. . （responsible） to work with other countries to promote the healthy development of the tea industry. It can help to build a community with a 6. . （share） future for mankind,” he said. The “First International Tea Day Tea Road Cooperative Initiative” issued （发布） at the ceremony calls for people working in the tea industry to come together to promote international cooperation 7. . cultural exchanges. A four-year tea promotion—Tea Road Cooperative Plan—was also issued in accordance with the initiative. by the/this addressed largest responsibility shared and 刷语法填空 21 8. . （strengthen） the connection with young people, the event included a number of public promotional activities on social media, 9. . （invite） twenty-nine tea professionals from around the world to have thirty-six hours of uninterrupted live broadcasts. The Chinese Ancient Tea Museum was officially unveiled （揭幕） at the ceremony, opening 10. . （it） first exhibition: The Avenue of Truth—A Special Exhibition of Pu’er Tea. To strengthen inviting its 刷语法填空 22 1.____ by 解析 句意为：今年5月21日是首个“国际茶日”，这个节日于2019年11月27日由联合国正式命名。空前为被动语态，空后为动作的执行者，设空处表示“被；由”，应用介词by。故填by。 2.________ the/this 解析 句意为：为了庆祝这个节日，周四在北京的晋商博物馆举办了许多活动。根据语境可知，此处特指前文提到的International Tea Day，可用定冠词。此处也可用限定词this表示“这个”节日。故填the/this。 3.__________ addressed 解析 句意为：中华文化促进会主席在开幕式上致辞。此处为句子的谓语，根据语境可知，此处叙述过去的事情，应用一般过去时。故填addressed。 【语篇导读】本文介绍了为庆祝“国际茶日”而在晋商博物馆举办的一系列活动的开展情况。 刷语法填空 23 【知识拓展】address一词多义 （1）n.住址；地址；通信处。如：Can you give me your address? 你能告诉我你的地址吗？ （2）n.演说；演讲。如：He will give a presidential address tonight.他今晚将进行一场总统演讲。 （3）vt.写姓名地址；致函。如：Address your application to Mr Zhang.把你的申请信寄给张先生。 （4）vt.演讲；演说。如：He often addresses meetings in the school.他经常在学校的会议上演讲。 （5）vt.向……说话。如：Lisa addressed me in English fluently.莉萨用流利的英语同我说话。 刷语法填空 24 4._______ largest 解析 句意为：作为“国际茶日”的主要推广者、茶的发源地以及最大的产茶国，中国有责任同其他国家一起促进茶产业的健康发展。此处作定语，修饰名词country;根据设空处前的定冠词the可知，此处应使用形容词的最高级。故填largest。 5._____________ responsibility 解析 句意见上一题解析。此处作has的宾语，且空前有不定冠词a，应用名词单数形式。故填responsibility。 刷语法填空 25 6._______ shared 解析 此处表示“这有助于构建人类命运共同体”。设空处作定语应用非谓语形式，修饰名词future，share与future之间为逻辑上的被动关系，应用过去分词 shared,意为“共有的”。故填shared。 7._____ and 解析 句意为：在开幕式上发布的“首个国际茶日万里茶道（北京）倡议”呼吁茶产业工作者们共同促进国际合作和文化交流。international cooperation和cultural exchanges之间为并列关系，应用and连接。故填and。 【易错警示】本题易误填介词with。考生容易产生惯性思维，根据空前的名词cooperation联想到cooperation with… （与……的合作），而此题的正确解法应是分析全句的结构，找出international cooperation和cultural exchanges之间的并列关系。 刷语法填空 26 8._____________ To strengthen 解析 句意为：为了增强（茶文化）与年轻人的联系，该活动还在社交媒体上开展了一些大众推广活动，邀请了29位来自世界各地的专业茶艺师进行36小时的不间断直播。分析句子结构并根据句意可知，此处作目的状语，应用动词不定式。故填To strengthen。 9.________ inviting 解析 句意见上一题解析。此处作伴随状语应用非谓语动词形式，invite和其逻辑主语之间为主动关系，应使用现在分词，故填inviting。 10.____ its 解析 句意为：中华古茶博物馆也在本次开幕式上正式揭幕，并开启了它的首展——“大道遗真：馆藏普洱茶专题展”。设空处应用形容词性物主代词修饰名词exhibition，故填its。 刷语法填空 27 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。 An Honest Mistake Jane again examined the words on her spelling test. If she got them all right today, she would win her class’s Spelling Challenge and a brand new dictionary. What’s more, Mrs White had promised to sing a song if anyone got a perfect score. Another three words left. N-i-c-e-l-y. Q-u-i-c-k-l-y. H-o-n-e-s-t-y. Wait! She had spelled “honesty”, not “honestly”.She hurriedly erased the “t-y” and wrote “l-y” before handing in her paper. Mrs White graded the test papers during the break. In the meanwhile, Jane sat nervously in her seat with her fingers crossed. Then, Mrs White walked to the front of the room, cleared her throat and started to sing. “Congratulations, Jane! You did it!” She announced while singing. 刷读后续写 28 The whole class burst into applause! Mrs White herself presented Jane with her prize. Jane grinned as she read the note on the dictionary, “To Jane, for her perfect performance.” “Everything OK?” Mum asked as Jane burst through the front door after school. Jane didn’t answer. As if by magic, she took out her spelling test paper and prize and showed them to her mother. Mum hugged her, asking her to put the test paper on the fridge so that Dad could see it when he got home. Jane took another look at the test paper before putting it on the fridge. Her hands stopped in mid-air. She just couldn’t believe her own eyes.“Honesly”? Yes! H-O-N-E-S-L-Y！ Mum sensed something unusual and asked what happened. Jane squeezed the test paper into her backpack and explained that she was just too excited. Mum brought her some tea. Yes, a “t” was exactly what she needed. After drinking a little, Jane sat on the sofa in the living room, lost in thought. How could she tell the class she didn’t deserve the prize? That Mrs White sang the beautiful song for nothing? 刷读后续写 29 注意： 续写词数应为150个左右。 Soon Dad came home and heard the good news.________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ The next morning, Jane went to school earlier than usual._____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 刷读后续写 30 【写作提示】 1.材料导读 材料大意 本文讲述了简在拼写测试中取得了“完美”的成绩,结果她回到家才发现，自己拼错了“honestly”这个单词，但是老师没有发现。简陷入了沉思,不知道要不要将这件事告诉老师。 故事背景 校园生活 主要角色 简（学生）、老师、简的父母 写作顺序 事情的发展顺序 主要矛盾 简的成绩是不真实的，是否要将真相告诉老师。 刷读后续写 31 2.续写分析 续写第一段（提示句：爸爸很快就回到了家，听到了这个好消息。） 由第一段首句内容，再结合第二段的开头可知，第一段可以描写简的爸爸听说她的成绩，感到很高兴，简在看到爸爸的喜悦后有什么感受，作出了什么选择。 续写第二段（提示句：第二天早上，简比平时更早去了学校。） 由第二段首句可知，第二段可描写简如何告知老师这个试卷上的错误，以及老师得知真相后的做法。 情感变化 简：发现自己的成绩不真实，感到愧疚——看到爸爸妈妈的喜悦后感到羞愧——决定承认错误——得到老师的肯定后感到放松和愉快 简的父母：为简的成绩感到开心——得知真相后肯定简的诚实 3.提分词句 look away from、reluctantly、pull out、fix one’s eyes on、pretend to do、cross out、现在分词短语作状语（picking up her pen）等。 刷读后续写 32 【参考范文】 Soon Dad came home and heard the good news.“Where’s your spelling test paper, Jane?” Dad asked eagerly.Jane looked away from her father.Anyhow, she reluctantly went to her room and pulled out the test paper.Dad fixed his eyes on the paper, a pleasant smile lifting the corner of his mouth.“I’m proud of you, sweetie.We need to celebrate it tonight.” Jane pretended to be smiling all the time.Meanwhile, a sense of guilt rose inside her.Feeling she didn’t deserve the prize, she had a sleepless night for the first time in her life.; The next morning, Jane went to school earlier than usual.Mrs White was unlocking the classroom.“You’re an early bird,” Mrs White said.Jane’s hands trembled.She handed her teacher the spelling paper and the dictionary.“I can’t keep this.I misspelt ‘honestly’ and you didn’t catch it.” For a moment, Mrs White stood quietly reading the label on the dictionary.Then picking up her pen, she crossed out the word “perfect” and wrote “honest” before returning the dictionary to Jane.“Keep this.But for honesty.” 刷读后续写 33 $$