14 历史人物：孔子、李白、张骞、徐霞客、晏子、黄盖、马可波罗-2024年中考英语时文热点专题重大题型考前必练

14 历史人物： 孔子、李白、张骞、徐霞客、晏子、黄盖、马可波罗 专题内容切合2022年版新课标主题内容“人与社会”范畴之“历史、社会与文化”主题群中“对世界、国家、人民和社会进步有突出贡献的人物”子主题内容。 一、阅读理解 A 根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。 Confucius was born in the Lu State (鲁国). When he was three years old, his father died. His mother was too poor to pay for the education. 1 When he was young, Confucius loved reading very much. 2 He was especially interested in the rituals (礼) of the Zhou Dynasty. There was a great man called Lao Zi. 3 During his stay with Lao Zi, Confucius read a large collection of books, and he asked Lao Zi many questions about rituals. This improved Confucius’ knowledge even more. 4 One day, he was driving his carriage (马车) when he met a child in the middle of the road. The child was building a model castle (城堡) from stones. Confucius stopped and spoke to the child. “Please move out of the way for my carriage,” he said. The child did not move. Instead, the child stood up and said, “Should the castle move for the carriage, or should the carriage move for the castle?” 5 Confucius had other teachers too. “I am not born to know everything,” he said. “When I walk along with two others, they may serve me as my teachers.” A．So he taught himself instead. B．Confucius was modest (谦虚的). C．Confucius got a chance to visit him. D．He spent a lot of time reading his bamboo books. E．Confucius was surprised and he said, “You’re so clever. You can be my teacher.” 【答案】1．A 2．D 3．C 4．B 5．E 【导语】本文主要介绍了孔子的一些事情。 1．根据“His mother was too poor to pay for the education.”可知，他的妈妈太穷，付不起学费，所以他应该是自学，选项A“所以他就自学了。”符合语境。故选A。 2．根据“When he was young, Confucius loved reading very much.”可知，此处是介绍孔子喜欢阅读，选项D“他花了很多时间阅读他的竹简书。”符合语境。故选D。 3．根据“During his stay with Lao Zi, Confucius read a large collection of books, and he asked Lao Zi many questions about rituals.”可知，是在介绍孔子拜访老子，选项C“孔子有机会去拜访他。”符合语境。故选C。 4．根据后文介绍可知孔子驾着马车，在路上遇到一个小孩子，与其之间的对话，让孔子觉得他可以做自己的老师，可见孔子是个谦虚的人，选项B“孔子很谦虚”符合语境。故选B。 5．根据“Confucius had other teachers too.”及“Should the castle