Unit 3 The world of science 单元话题语法填空练习-2023-2024学年高一英语必修第三册单元重难点易错题精练(外研版2019)

2024-04-25
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易趣英语
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Unit 3 The world of science 单元话题语法填空练习 (23-24高一上·内蒙古呼和浩特·期中)阅读下面材料,在空白处填入适当的内容(1个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。 While 1 (hundred) of millions focus their eyes on the torch igniting (火炬点燃) during the 2 (open) ceremony of the 19th Asian Games in Hangzhou on Saturday, many will turn to their phones to soak in the 3 (excite) of that moment. They will be able 4 (take) part in the first ever virtual lighting of the main torch tower in the Games' history, the most exciting part of its first ever digital torch relay. First 5 (introduce) on Nov 27, 2022, the digital torchbearer program aims to break through the limits of time and space, so 6 more people can enjoy the Games, according to the Hangzhou Asian Games Organizing Committee. It was 7 (official) started on June 15 this year, when the flame of the Asian Games was lit. Over a hundred million users have signed 8 and passed on their digital torches, according to figures released by Ant Group, which 9 (develop) the digital platform and made it part of Alipay, one of 10 most popular mobile payment apps in China. (23-24高一下·江苏泰州·期中)阅读下面短文,在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 A new form of transport will be with us in the next few years — flying taxis. Many of us grew up 11 (watch) sci-fi movies with flying cars. Science fiction is now becoming science fact. The Japanese airline ANA has teamed 12 with & U. S. tech start-up called Joby Aviation. The two companies aim 13 (start) operating air taxis at the 2025 World Expo in Osaka. They are 14 (current) working together on building the flying vehicle. They also need to work out 15 traffic rules should be followed by the taxis. The five-seat, all-electric taxi will be able to take off and land vertically (垂直地). It will have a flight range of 241 kilometers 16 a top speed of 321 kph. Joby’s CEO said the taxis would be good for the environment. He told reporters, “Joby exists to help people save time while reducing their carbon footprint. Japan offers us 17 opportunity to do just that with 92 percent of the population living in urban areas.” The president of ANA, Koji Shibata, was also 18 (excite) about the project. He said, “ANA has 70 years of experience delivering safe flights to 19 (customer) across the world. Being able to provide them with the option to travel rapidly, and sustainably, from an international airport to a downtown location 20 (be) very appealing.” (23-24高一下·浙江杭州·阶段练习)阅读下面短文,在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Japanese fish industry is starting to use artificial intelligence (AI) 21 (select) high quality fish at markets and find good fishing grounds, areas where they have traditionally relied largely 22 experience. All tools are drawing attention because they can easily copy good skills, including those 23 (need) to evaluate the quality of tuna (金枪鱼) and determine good spots to catch fish. When 24 (judge) the quality of fish, buyers look at 25 fresh and firm the meat is and how much fat it puts on. “You need over 10 years of experience to acquire 26 excellent eye,” a fish market worker said. An advertising agency developed and brought a smartphone app into 27 (practice) use that enables users to easily pick out delicious tuna. According to the advertising agency, the AI tool, fed with data on how tail sections of frozen tun 28 (grade) by skilled merchants (商人), judges the quality of tuna 29 (instant). The app grades quality in three to five stages as soon as users hold their smartphones over a fish and is gaining 30 (popular) in the seafood processing industry. (23-24高一下·浙江杭州·阶段练习)阅读下面短文,在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式 Bamboo is called “poor people’s material” and even in China it is not   31 (wide) accepted as a modern building material. But bamboo makes nearly the lightest houses, which   32 (become) better than “modern” materials at surviving earthquakes over the years. And unlike the “Tofu” buildings that may 33 (destroy) in just several seconds in some earthquakes, bamboo makes a much 34 (safe) building. That is why it is suggested as a replacement(替代品)by International Network for Bamboo and Rattan (INBAR). INBAR notes that 35 number of people who do not have safe and healthy shelter will increase with population growth if no proper action is taken. Study shows that bamboo is excellent in 36 (strong) and is as strong as wood. Besides, because 37 the lightweight and good elasticity(弹性)of bamboo, bamboo buildings are very good at resisting(抵抗)earthquakes. For example, all of the 30 bamboo houses survived without any damage in the 7. 6 magnitude earthquake in Costa Rica in 2012. Ancient Chinese people preferred living in houses 38 (make) of bamboo. In Yunnan Province, some locals still live in bamboo homes which can protect   39 (they) from rain and wind. And in Zhejiang Province, 40 bamboo is plentiful, local officials have been encouraging architects to design buildings using bamboo. (23-24高一下·河南驻马店·阶段练习)阅读下面短文,在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Tu You you, 41 84 year-old scientist, became the first female Chinese 42 (win) a Nobel Prize in science on Oct, 5. She was born 43 30 December, 1930 in Zhejiang Province. In 1969, she 44 (choose) to establish a team to find a cure for malaria, but the lab 45 they worked in had poor air quality. She first tried the medicine on herself, because she 46 (want) to make sure that it was safe. “As the head of the group, I had the responsibility.” The scientist spoke to CCTV about her work. Artemisinin is a gift for the world people. It has saved many people’s 47 (life). It comes from Chinese traditional medicine and now is a good way to treat malaria. Tu Youyou 48 (expect) Chinese medicine to help more people all over the world. We can learn a lot from Tu Youyou. We should do something useful for people. If we want to be 49 (success), we should keep on 50 (work) hard with our group and never give up. (23-24高一上·江西南昌·期中)阅读下面材料,在空白处填入适当的内容(1个单词)或括号内单词的的正确形式。 Thanks to advances in technology, how we make friends and communicate with them has changed 51 (significant). Nowadays, we can move around the world and still stay in touch 52 the people that we want to make friends with. Social media tools let us see what our friends are up to and maintain friendships. The digital age also enables us 53 (find) people who share our interests, such as collecting model cars or 54 (play) an unusual instrument. Whatever our 55 (hobby) are, the Internet can connect us with others who also enjoy doing them, even if they live on the other side of the world. However, the “friends” online don’t necessarily become our real friends. If people always exchange true 56 (person) information online, then these friendships can be real and meaningful. But we need to keep in mind that what we see on social media 57 (be) often not the whole truth about a person. On social media sites, people tend to post only positive updates 58 make them appear happy and friendly and the smiling photos can hide real problems. 59 , this doesn’t mean that we should throw the baby out with the bath water. Although in recent years technology 60 (change) the way we acquire friends, the meaning of friendship and our longing for friends remain the same. (23-24高一下·江苏宿迁·阶段练习)阅读下面短文,在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 A water system from more than 3,600 years ago has 61 (discover) in Central China’s Henan province. This find will improve people’s 62 (understand) of the city layout back then. Three ditch 63 (section) were found in the ruins of a city from the Shang Dynasty (1600-1046 BC) in Zhengzhou, capital of Henan. Together these sections form the 64 (large) water system from the early period of the Shang Dynasty to be discovered thus far. According 65 local archaeologists, one of the sections was built on a 66 (nature) river channel, while the remaining two were 67 (entire) artificial. About 540 meters of ditches were unearthed, with a 68 (wide) of about 12 meters at the widest point, and a depth of roughly four meters at its deepest point. “ 69 (base) on our study of spatial positions and cultural relics recovered from the ditches, we believe that they were interconnected and belonged to a large water system, 70 demonstrated the grandeur of a Shang capital,” said Yang Wensheng, vice director of the Henan Provincial Institute of Cultural Heritage and Archaeology. (22-23高一下·辽宁鞍山·课后作业)语法填空 Benjamin Franklin’s famous experiment with lightning has introduced 71 (generation) of children to science. However, new research suggests that the story may be fiction instead 72 fact. Franklin 73 (fly) a kite during storm in 1752, when there was much interest in electricity. Franklin raised the kite with a piece of string 74 (tie) to it. A metal key was attached to the string. After 75 experiment, he said that lightning was a form of electricity. However, neither the story 76 the details of the experiment are entirely true because scientists all agree that if Franklin had 77 (actual) touched the key, he would certainly have died from the 78 (electricity) shock. Scientists often question accepted ideas because they want 79 (establish) the facts. In science, facts should 80 (prove) by experiments and research, and we should not always believe everything we read or hear. (23-24高一下·安徽·开学考试)阅读下面短文,在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Plant lovers believe that talking to plants helps them grow. Scientists have discovered there could be real 81 (true) in this belief. Researchers have discovered that plants give off sounds when they are stressed. The sounds are quite similar 82 a human cry. Unfortunately, plant sounds are at too high a frequency for the human ear 83 (pick) up. Humans can only hear frequencies of up to 16 kilohertz (赫兹). Using special Al technology, scientists can now pick up sounds 84 (send) out by plants that are up to 250 kilohertz. The Al can also tell differences between different types of plant sounds. The research 85 (do) in a greenhouse at Israel’s Tel Aviy University. Lead researcher Professor Lilach Hadany said: “Plants usually give off sounds when they 86 (be) under stress. Each plant and each type of stress is connected with 87 specific sound.” She suggested that crop fields could be quite 88 (noise), saying “While unable to be picked up by the human ear, the sounds given off by plants can be heard by bats, 89 (mouse) and insects. Understanding these sounds could help us know when crops need watering, 90 means farmers could water their crops more efficiently and thus save water and money. 试卷第1页,共3页 试卷第1页,共3页 学科网(北京)股份有限公司 参考答案: 1.hundreds 2.opening 3.excitement 4.to take 5.introduced 6.that 7.officially 8.up 9.developed 10.the 【导语】这是一篇新闻报道,文章主要讲述了第19届杭州亚运会开幕式上第一次数字火炬传递,旨在突破时间和空间的限制,让更多人享受奥运会。 1.考查名词复数。句意:上周六,在杭州举行的第19届亚运会开幕式上,当数亿人将目光集中在火炬点燃仪式上时,许多人将转向手机,沉浸在那一刻的兴奋之中。hundred前面没有限定词,需要变复数构成短语hundreds of,表示约数的概念,故填hundreds。 2.考查形容词。句意同上。空处需用形容词opening“开始的”作定语,修饰名词ceremony,opening ceremony“开幕式”,固定短语,故填opening。 3.考查名词。句意同上。结合空前的the可知,此处应用名词作in的宾语,excitement“兴奋,激动”,不可数名词,故填excitement。 4.考查非谓语动词。句意:他们将能够参加奥运会历史上第一次主火炬塔的虚拟点燃,这是有史以来第一次数字火炬传递中最激动人心的部分。be able to do sth“能够做某事”,故此处应用动词不定式,故填to take。 5.考查非谓语动词。句意:据杭州亚运会组委会介绍,数字火炬手计划于2022年11月27日首次推出,旨在突破时间和空间的限制,让更多的人享受奥运会。introduce和逻辑主语the digital torchbearer program之间是动宾关系,应用过去分词作状语,故填introduced。 6.考查目的状语从句。句意同上。结合句意可知,此处使用so that引导目的状语从句,表示“以便于”,故填that。 7.考查副词。句意:今年6月15日,随着亚运会圣火的点燃,奥运会正式启动。修饰动词started应用副词形式,故填officially。 8.考查动词短语。句意:根据蚂蚁集团发布的数据,超过1亿用户注册并传递了他们的数字火炬,蚂蚁集团开发了数字平台,并将其纳入支付宝,支付宝是中国最受欢迎的移动支付应用之一。根据“passed on their digital torches”可知,先要注册然后才能传递火炬,sign up“注册,报名”,固定短语,故填up。 9.考查一般过去时。句意同上。空处是和made并列的谓语动词,应用过去式,故填developed。 10.考查冠词。句意同上。形容词最高级most popular前加定冠词,故填the。 11.watching 12.up 13.to start 14.currently 15.what 16.and 17.an 18.excited 19.customers 20.is 【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了在接下来的几年里,一种新的交通方式将与我们同在——飞行出租车。 11.考查非谓语动词。句意:我们很多人都是看着科幻电影里的飞车长大的。分析句子结构可知,空处需填非谓语动词作状语,Many of us和watch为逻辑主谓关系,watch需用现在分词形式表主动。故填watching。 12.考查介词。句意:日本全日空航空公司与美国科技初创公司Joby Aviation合作。team up with为固定搭配,意为“与……协作”。故填up。 13.考查非谓语动词。句意:这两家公司的目标是在2025年大阪世博会上开始运营空中出租车。aim to do sth.为固定搭配,意为“打算做某事”,start用不定式形式。故填to start。 14.考查副词。句意:他们目前正在合作建造飞行器。修饰动词working,需用副词currently,作状语。故填currently。 15.考查宾语从句。句意:他们还需要制定出出租车应该遵守的交通规则。空处引导宾语从句,从句缺少定语,修饰traffic rules,需用连接代词what引导。故填what。 16.考查连词。句意:它的飞行距离为241公里,最高时速为321公里。a flight range of 241 kilometers和a top speed of 321 kph为并列关系,需用并列连词and连接。故填and。 17.考查冠词。句意:日本为我们提供了这样一个机会,让92%的人口居住在城市地区。opportunity为可数名词,此处表示泛指,且opportunity发音以元音音素开头,需用不定冠词an修饰。故填an。 18.考查形容词。句意:全日空总裁柴田浩二(Koji Shibata)也对这个项目感到兴奋。空处需填形容词作表语,表示“人的感受”需用-ed结尾的形容词excited。故填excited。 19.考查名词。句意:全日空拥有70年为全球客户提供安全航班的经验。空处需填名词作宾语,customer为可数名词,结合“across the world”可知,需用名词复数形式。故填customers。 20.考查动词时态和主谓一致。句意:能够为他们提供从国际机场到市中心的快速、可持续旅行的选择非常有吸引力。陈述客观事实,使用一般现在时,主语为动名词短语,谓语动词需用第三人称单数形式。故填is。 21.to select 22.on 23.needed 24.judging 25.how 26.an 27.practical 28.are graded 29.instantly 30.popularity 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍日本渔业开始利用人工智能在市场中挑选优质鱼类,并寻找良好的渔场。开发者们开发了一款智能手机应用,通过输入有关冷冻金枪鱼尾段质量的数据,让AI判断金枪鱼的质量。这款应用在海鲜加工业越来越受欢迎。 21.考查非谓语动词。句意:日本渔业开始使用人工智能(AI)在市场上选择高质量的鱼类,并寻找良好的渔场,这些领域传统上主要依靠经验。use sth. to do sth.是固定搭配,意为“用……做……”,不定式作目的状语。故填to select。 22.考查介词。句意:日本渔业开始使用人工智能(AI)在市场上选择高质量的鱼类,并寻找良好的渔场,这些领域传统上主要依靠经验。rely on是固定搭配,意为“依靠”。故填on。 23.考查非谓语动词。句意:人工智能工具之所以备受关注,是因为它们可以很容易地复制优秀的技能,包括评估金枪鱼质量和确定最佳捕鱼地点所需的技能。“(need) to evaluate the quality of tuna (金枪鱼) and determine good spots to catch fish”作后置定语,need(需要)是非谓语动词,与其逻辑主语those之间是被动关系,用过去分词表被动。故填needed。 24.考查非谓语动词。句意:在判断鱼的质量时,买家要看鱼的肉有多新鲜、结实,以及脂肪的含量。“When     (judge) the quality of fish”作时间状语,judge(判断)是非谓语动词,与其逻辑主语buyers之间是主动关系,用现在分词表主动。故填judging。 25.考查宾语从句。句意:在判断鱼的质量时,买家要看鱼的肉有多新鲜、结实,以及脂肪的含量。“     fresh and firm the meat is”是宾语从句,结合句意,表示“多么”,用连接副词how引导该从句。故填how。 26.考查冠词。句意:鱼市的一位工作人员说:“要想拥有一双出色的眼睛,需要10年以上的经验。”可数名词eye在句中表示“一双眼睛”,泛指,空格后单词excellent发音以元音音素开头,用不定冠词an修饰。故填an。 27.考查形容词。句意:一家广告公司开发了一款智能手机应用程序,并将其投入实际应用,让用户可以轻松挑选美味的金枪鱼。提示词修饰名词use,用形容词practical,意为“实际的”。故填practical。 28.考查时态语态和主谓一致。句意:据该广告公司介绍,该人工智能工具输入了技术熟练的商人如何对冷冻金枪鱼尾部进行分级的数据,可以立即判断金枪鱼的质量。分析句子可知,grade(按照级别安排或分配;给……评分)是从句中谓语动词,与主语tail sections of frozen tun(冷冻金枪鱼尾部)之间是被动关系,描述一般性事实,用一般现在时态,又因主语是复数名词,所以谓语动词也应使用复数形式。综上,谓语应用一般现在时的被动语态,复数形式。故填are graded。 29.考查副词。句意:据该广告公司介绍,该人工智能工具输入了技术熟练的商人如何对冷冻金枪鱼尾部进行分级的数据,可以立即判断金枪鱼的质量。提示词修饰动词judge,用副词instantly作状语,意为“立即”。故填instantly。 30.考查名词。句意:只要用户将智能手机放在鱼上,该应用程序就会将质量分为3到5个阶段,在海鲜加工业中越来越受欢迎。提示词作宾语,用名词popularity,意为“受欢迎”,不可数名词。故填popularity。 31.widely 32.has become 33.be destroyed 34.safer 35.the 36.strength 37.of 38.made 39.them 40.where 【导语】本文是一篇说明。主要介绍的是尽管竹子没有被广泛使用在建筑中,但竹子作为建筑材料方面有很多的优点。 31.考查副词。句意:竹子被称为“穷人的材料”,即使在中国,它也不被广泛接受为现代建筑材料。分析句子结构可知,此处为副词作状语修饰动词accepted,wide的副词为widely意为“广泛地”符合句意。故填widely。 32.考查时态。句意:但竹子建造的房屋几乎是最轻的,多年来,竹子在抵御地震方面比“现代”材料更好。根据后文over the years可知为现在完成时,非限制性定语从句谓语与先行词bamboo保持一致,助动词用has。故填has become。 33.考查被动语态。句意:与在地震中几秒钟就可能被摧毁的“豆腐渣”建筑不同,竹子建筑更安全。分析句子结构可知,此空位于情态动词之后应为动词原形,destroy与句子主语that指代的先行词buildings之间为被动关系。故填be destroyed。 34.考查形容词。句意:与在地震中几秒钟就可能被摧毁的“豆腐渣”建筑不同,竹子建筑更安全。分析句子结构可知,此处为形容词定语修饰名词building空前有副词much修饰,所以使用形容词比较级。故填safer。 35.考查冠词。句意:INBAR指出,如果不采取适当行动,没有安全和健康住所的人数将随着人口增长而增加。分析句子结构可知,此处为固定短语the number of意为“……的数量”符合句意。故填the。” 36.考查名词。句意:研究表明,竹子的强度非常好,和木头一样结实。分析句子结构可知,此处为名词作宾语,strong的名词为strength意为“强度”为不可数名词。故填strength。 37.考查介词。句意:此外,由于竹子的轻质和良好的弹性,竹制建筑在抵抗地震方面非常出色。分析句子结构可知,此处为固定短语because of表示“因为,由于”。故填of。 38.考查非谓语动词。句意:中国古人喜欢住在竹屋里。分析句子结构可知,此处为非谓语动词作定语,根据be made of意为“由……制成”可知,make与所修饰词houses之间为被动关系,所以使用过去分词形式。故填made。 39.考查代词。句意:在云南省,一些当地人仍然住在竹屋里,这样可以挡风遮雨。分析句子结构可知,此处为protect的宾语,所以使用代词的宾格形式。故填them。 40.考查定语从句。句意:在竹子资源丰富的浙江省,当地官员一直鼓励建筑师使用竹子设计建筑。分析句子结构可知,此处为连词引导的非限制性定语从句,从句中不缺主语和宾语,所以使用关系副词,先行词Zhejiang Province表地点。故填where。 41.an 42.to win 43.on 44.was chosen 45.which/that 46.wanted 47.lives 48.expects 49.successful 50.working 【导语】本文是一篇新闻报道。文章主要介绍了屠呦呦的事迹和她对人们的启示。 41.考查冠词。句意:10月5日,一位84岁的科学家屠呦呦成为首位获得诺贝尔科学奖的中国女性。此处泛指“一位84岁的科学家”,且84以元音音素开头,应用不定冠词an。故填an。 42.考查非谓语动词。句意:10月5日,84岁的科学家屠呦呦成为首位获得诺贝尔科学奖的中国女性。win“获得,赢得”。本句谓语为became,此处为非谓语动词作后置定语,由于被修饰词前有序数词first修饰,用动词不定式形式担当后置定语。故填 to win。 43.考查介词。句意:1930年12月30日出生于浙江省。具体某一天前用介词on。故填on。 44.考查动词语态。句意:1969年,她被选中组建一个团队,寻找治疗疟疾的方法,但他们工作的实验室空气质量很差。这里为本句谓语动词,根据时间状语in 1969可知,本句时态为一般过去时;主语she和动词choose“挑选”之间为被动关系,所以用一般过去式的被动语态,主语为第三人称单数,be动词用was。故填was chosen。 45.考查定语从句。句意:1969年,她被选中组建一个团队,寻找治疗疟疾的方法,但他们工作的实验室空气质量很差。分析句子结构可知,本空引导限制性定语从句,先行词是lab ,指物,关系词代替先行词在从句中作宾语,应用关系代词which或that引导。故填which或that。 46.考查动词时态。句意:她首先在自己身上试用了这种药,因为她想确保它是安全的。这里为本句谓语动词,根据tried可知,事情发生在过去,故时态用一般过去时,谓语用过去式。故填wanted。 47.考查名词的数。句意:它挽救了许多人的生命。根据空前的many可知,生命不止一个,应用名词复数形式,作saved的宾语。故填lives。 48.考查动词时态。句意:屠呦呦希望中医药能够帮助世界上更多的人。expect“期待”。结合语境可知本句陈述事实,故时态用一般现在时,且主语为Tu Youyou ,故谓语用第三人称单数形式。故填expects。 49.考查形容词。句意:如果我们想要成功,我们应该继续和我们的团队一起努力,永不放弃。本空用形容词successful“成功的”,作表语。故填successful。 50.考查非谓语动词。句意:如果我们想要成功,我们应该继续和我们的团队一起努力,永不放弃。work hard“努力工作”。本空用work的动名词,作keep on的宾语。故填working。 51.significantly 52.with 53.to find 54.playing 55.hobbies 56.personal 57.is 58.that/which 59.However 60.has changed 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍了随着科技的进步,社交媒体使得我们交朋友和与他们交流的方式发生了重大变化。 51.考查副词。句意:由于科技的进步,我们交朋友和与他们交流的方式发生了重大变化。空处修饰动词changed,需用副词形式作状语。故填significantly。 52.考查介词。句意:如今,我们可以环游世界,仍然与我们想成为朋友的人保持联系。stay in touch with sb.为固定搭配,表示“与某人保持联系”。故填with。 53.考查非谓语动词。句意:数字时代也使我们能够找到与我们有共同兴趣的人,比如收集模型汽车或演奏一种不同寻常的乐器。enable sb. to do sth.是固定搭配,表示“使某人能够做某事”,所以空处应用动词不定式作宾语补足语。故填to find。 54.考查非谓语动词。句意:数字时代也使我们能够找到与我们有共同兴趣的人,比如收集模型汽车或演奏一种不同寻常的乐器。空处与collecting并列,应用动名词形式作宾语。故填playing。 55.考查名词。句意:无论我们的爱好是什么,互联网都可以将我们与同样喜欢做这些事情的人联系起来,即使他们生活在世界的另一端。hobby为可数名词,根据空后的are可知,空处应用名词的复数形式,在whatever引导的从句中作主语。故填hobbies。 56.考查形容词。句意:如果人们总是在网上交换真实的个人信息,那么这些友谊可能是真实而有意义的。空处修饰名词information,应用形容词形式作定语。故填personal。 57.考查时态和主谓一致。句意:但我们需要记住,我们在社交媒体上看到的往往不是一个人的全部真相。根据句中see可知,句子使用一般现在时,在that引导的宾语从句中,what引导从句作句子主语,谓语动词应用第三人称单数形式,be动词使用is。故填is。 58.考查定语从句。句意:在社交媒体网站上,人们往往只发布让自己看起来快乐、友好的积极更新,而微笑的照片可以隐藏真正的问题。分析句子结构可知,空处引导限制性定语从句,修饰先行词updates,先行词指物,关系词在从句中作主语,应用关系代词that或者which引导从句。故填that/which。 59.考查连词。句意:但这并不意味着我们应该不分好坏地全盘抛弃。结合语意可知,本句与上文内容形成转折关系,设空位于句首,用逗号与句子主干隔开,用连接副词however作状语,表示“但是”;置于句首,首字母大写。故填However。 60.考查时态。句意:尽管近年来科技改变了我们获得朋友的方式,但友谊的意义和我们对朋友的渴望仍然不变。根据时间状语是in recent years可知,句子应用现在完成时,主语是technology,谓语动词应用第三人称单数形式。故填has changed。 61.been discovered 62.understanding 63.sections 64.largest 65.to 66.natural 67.entirely 68.width 69.Based 70.which 【导语】这是一篇新闻报道。文章介绍了在中国中部的河南省发现了一个3600多年前的水系,及科学家对于这一套水系的研究结果。 61.考查动词的被动语态。句意:在中国中部的河南省发现了一个3600多年前的水系。空格处和has构成现在完成时,作谓语,主语system和动词 discover之间为被动关系,应用现在完成时的被动语态has been discovered。故填been discovered。 62.考查名词。句意:这一发现将提高人们对当时城市布局的认识。根据空格前的名词所有格people’s 可知,应填名词作宾语,根据句意“理解”是understanding,为不可数名词。故填understanding。 63.考查名词的数。句意:在河南省会郑州的商朝(公元前1600—1046年)一座城市的废墟中发现了三条沟渠。根据空格前的Three可知,空格处应填名词的复数形式作主语,section为可数名词。故填sections。 64.考查形容词最高级。句意:这些部分共同构成了迄今为止所发现的商朝早期最大的水系。空格处作定语修饰名词water,根据空格前的冠词the及句意“最大的”可知,应填形容词最高级。故填largest。 65.考查介词。句意:据当地考古学家称,其中一段是建在天然河道上的,而其余两段则完全是人工建造的。 according to为固定搭配,意为“根据”。故填to。 66.考查形容词。句意:据当地考古学家称,其中一段是建在天然河道上的,而其余两段则完全是人工建造的。根据空格后的名词channel可知,空格处应填形容词作定语,结合句意“天然的”是natural。故填natural。 67.考查副词。句意:据当地考古学家称,其中一段是建在天然河道上的,而其余两段则完全是人工建造的。空格处作状语,修饰形容词artificial,应用副词形式。故填entirely。 68.考查名词。句意:出土了约540米的沟渠,最宽处约为12米,最深处约为4米。根据空格前的冠词a可知,空格处应填名词作介词with的宾语,根据句意“宽度”是width。故填width。 69.考查非谓语动词。句意:“根据我们对空间位置和从沟渠中恢复的文物的研究,我们认为它们是相互联系的,属于一个大型水系,展示了商都的宏伟,”河南省文化遗产与考古研究所副所长杨文胜说。空格处作状语,be based on为固定短语,意为“以……为基础”,作非谓语动词时去掉be,用过去分词作状语。故填Based。 70.考查定语从句。句意:“根据我们对空间位置和从沟渠中恢复的文物的研究,我们认为它们是相互联系的,属于一个大型水系,展示了商都的宏伟,”河南省文化遗产与考古研究所副所长杨文胜说。空格处引导非限制性定语从句,修饰先行词system,在从句中作主语,只能用which引导从句。故填which。 71.generations 72.of 73.flew 74.tied 75.the 76.nor 77.actually 78.electric 79.to establish 80.be proved 【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要说明了本杰明·富兰克林著名的闪电实验使一代又一代的孩子接触到了科学。然而,新的研究表明,这个故事可能是虚构的,而不是事实。 71.考查名词的数。句意:本杰明·富兰克林著名的闪电实验使一代又一代的孩子接触到了科学。generation为可数名词,前文没有冠词故用复数形式。故填generations。 72.考查介词。句意:然而,新的研究表明,这个故事可能是虚构的,而不是事实。短语instead of表示“而不是”。故填of。 73.考查时态。句意:富兰克林在1752年的暴风雨中放风筝,当时人们对电很感兴趣。根据后文in 1752可知发生在过去,用一般过去时。故填flew。 74.考查非谓语动词。句意:富兰克林用一根绳子把风筝吊起来。此处string与tie为被动关系,故用过去分词作宾补。故填tied。 75.考查冠词。句意:实验结束后,他说闪电是电的一种形式。此处experiment特指上文的闪电实验,应用定冠词。故填the。 76.考查固定短语。句意:然而,这个故事和实验的细节都不完全真实,因为科学家们都认为,如果富兰克林真的触摸了钥匙,他肯定会死于电击。此处为句型neither…nor…表示“既不……也不……”。故填nor。 77.考查副词。句意:然而,这个故事和实验的细节都不完全真实,因为科学家们都认为,如果富兰克林真的触摸了钥匙,他肯定会死于电击。修饰动词touch应用副词actually,故填actually。 78.考查形容词。句意:然而,这个故事和实验的细节都不完全真实,因为科学家们都认为,如果富兰克林真的触摸了钥匙,他肯定会死于电击。修饰名词shock应用形容词electric。故填electric。 79.考查非谓语动词。句意:科学家经常质疑公认的观点,因为他们想要确定事实。短语want to do sth.表示“想要做某事”。故填to establish。 80.考查语态。句意:在科学中,事实应该通过实验和研究来证明,我们不应该总是相信我们读到或听到的一切。主语与谓语构成被动关系,且should后跟动词原形。故填be proved。 81.truth 82.to 83.to pick 84.sent 85.was done 86.are 87.a 88.noisy 89.mice 90.which 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。科学家研究发现:当植物受到压力时,会发出声音。这个发现有助于帮助植物生长。 81.考查名词。句意:科学家们已经发现,这种信念可能是真实的。discovered后为省略了引导词that的宾语从句,本空填名词truth“真相,真实性,真实情况”,作从句主语。故填truth。 82.考查固定短语。句意:这种声音与人类的哭声非常相似。结合句意和空前的are quite similar可知,本空填介词to,be similar to“与……相似”,为固定短语。故填to。 83.考查固定句型。句意:不幸的是,植物的声音频率太高,人耳听不到。根据上文的“at too high a frequency (频率) for the human ear”可知,空格处须填to pick,too... to...意为“太……而不能……”。故填to pick。 84.考查非谓语动词。句意:利用特殊的人工智能技术,科学家们现在可以接收到高达250千赫兹的植物发出的声音。本句谓语为can pick up,此处为非谓语动词,且he与give“给”为主动关系,应用现在分词,作状语。分析句子结构可知,sounds与send out“发出”构成被动关系,故用过去分词作定语。故填sent。 85.考查动词语态、主谓一致。句意:这项研究是在以色列特拉维夫大学的温室里进行的。根据语境可知事情发生在过去,故时态用一般过去时,且The research与do构成被动关系,用一般过去时的被动语态,且主语为第三人称单数,be动词用was。故填was done。 86.考查动词时态、主谓一致。句意:植物在受到压力时通常会发出声音。结合语境和give可知,本句陈述事实,故时态用一般现在时,且when引导的时间状语从句的主语为they,be动词用are。故填are。 87.考查冠词。句意:每种植物和每种类型的压力都与一种特定的声音有关。此处泛指“一种特定的声音”,且specific以辅音音素开头,应用不定冠词a。故填a。 88.考查形容词。句意:她表示,农田可能非常嘈杂,“虽然人耳听不到,但植物发出的声音可以被蝙蝠、老鼠和昆虫听到。”本空应用形容词noisy“吵闹的,嘈杂的”,作表语。故填noisy。 89.考查名词的数。句意:她表示,农田可能非常嘈杂,“虽然人耳听不到,但植物发出的声音可以被蝙蝠、老鼠和昆虫听到。”结合句意可知,老鼠不止一个,应用名词复数形式mice,作by的宾语。故填mice。 90.考查定语从句。句意:了解这些声音可以帮助我们知道作物何时需要浇水,这意味着农民可以更有效地浇灌作物,从而节约用水和资金。分析句子结构可知,本空引导非限制性定语从句,修饰主句,关系词代替先行词在从句中作主语,应用关系代词which引导。故填which。 答案第1页,共2页 答案第1页,共2页 学科网(北京)股份有限公司 $$

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