选择性必修第三册 UNIT 7 CAREERS（word练习）-【导学教程】2025年英语新编高考大一轮总复习（北师大版）

[对应学生用书P544] A级　阅读提升练 Ⅰ.阅读理解 A (2023·福州名校调研考试)An economist，Adam Smith，famously wrote that“It is not from the benevolence(仁慈)of the butcher，the brewer or the baker，that we expect our dinner，but from their regard to their own interest.”Like Smith，many economists today believe one's self­interest is what drives competition and growth in market economies. Yet，in an increasingly interconnected society，it is even more crucial to have cooperative skills.Thus we should encourage cooperation to better prepare children for the future. Firstly，cooperation is an especially prized soft skill in the present age.As a study proves，soft skills such as good communication and empathy(同情)indicate outstanding employees as compared to technical skills or knowledge.In contrast，extremely competitive and individualistic behavior may damage social relations in the community of co­workers.Even the most competent employee may fail to pursue his goals effectively without others' help. Moreover，encouraging cooperation can boost children's self­respect that better prepares them for the competitive world.Many modern societies are consumed by a crazy drive for success and the pressure to perform has infiltrated both classrooms and offices，causing higher rates of anxiety and depression among people.Teamwork can help an individual realize each has his or her own unique abilities and that another person's strengths don't discount his or her talents.Thus，cooperation can confirm children's self­worth by correcting the insight that the paper achievement is the only measure of success. However，critics may claim adapting to competition should be given priority in education and parenting.To achieve one's ambitions，one has to actively fight for opportunities and distinguish oneself from others.Nevertheless，since passion can already stimulate children to fulfill their ambitions，the need to encourage competition may be at the end of the day.As much as external competition can drive people to pursue excellence，internal motivation is at least equally or even more essential，and cooperation plays an instrumental role in helping one uncover one's motivations. [语篇解读]　本文是一篇议论文。在联系日益紧密的社会中，教育孩子们树立合作意识是非常重要的。 1．What can be inferred from Adam Smith's words? A．Our society is increasingly interconnected. B．Our dinner is made out of the regard to markets. C．Self­interest pushes the development of economies. D．The butcher，the brewer or the baker is not sympathetic. 解析　C　推理判断题。根据第一段中的“Like Smith”可知，Adam Smith的话与当今许多经济学家的观点相似，即“one's self­interest is what drives competition and growth in market economies”。因此，从Adam Smith的话中可推断出利己主义推动经济的发展，故C项正确。 2．What does the underlined word“infiltrated”in Paragraph 3 probably mean? A．Brightened. B．Decorated. C．Defended. D．Entered. 解析　D　词义猜测题。画线词前讲到了“modern societies”，而画线词后提到“both classrooms and offices”，并陈述了“the pressure to perform”的危害，即“causing higher rates of anxiety and depression among people”，因此，代入选项验证可知，与画线词意思最为接近的应该是“进入”，故D项正确。 3．Which of the following might the author agree with? A．The paper achievement is the only measure of success. B．One's ambitions can be achieved through cooperation. C．Competition is not necessary for people to pursue excellence. D．Actively fighting for distinguishing oneself should be prioritized. 解析　B　推理判断题。根据第二段最后一句和第三段中的“Teamwork can help an individual realize each has his or her own unique abilities...confirm children's self­worth”可推知，作者可能会同意合作可以帮助一个人实现目标这一观点。故B项正确。 4．What is the author's purpose of writing this passage? A．To introduce the advantages of cooperation. B．To compare cooperation with competition. C．To suggest enhancing competitive skills. D．To advocate teaching children to cooperate. 解析　D　写作意图题。本文是一篇议论文。根据本文论点，即第一段中的“we should encourage cooperation to better prepare children for the future”可知，作者写这篇文章旨在支持教育儿童多合作，故D项正确。 B (2023·浙江强基联盟统测)It takes a lot of hard work and determination to achieve big goals. Many times, people must persevere in spite of obstacles to realize their dreams. Collette Divitto is a talented baker who managed to do just that.She used her bright personality, determination, and talent to become an entrepreneur. Collette Divitto was born in Boston. Like many others, after graduating from college, she wanted to get a job. She went to many job interviews, but she kept getting rejected. Many employers said she was “not the right fit”. Divitto believed she was being rejected so often in that she was born with Down syndrome, which is a genetic disorder related to a person's chromosomes.People with Down syndrome often have intellectual or physical disabilities. Facing many job rejections，Divitto felt discouraged and hurt. She felt she wanted to open her own business and be her own boss. She thought about her hobbies and passions. Divitto knew she loved baking. She would always create delicious recipes to share with her family and friends. One of these recipes was for a chocolate chip cookie rolled in cinnamon sugar. Her mom tasted the cookies and urged her to write down the recipe to make them again. Divitto began baking and selling her chocolate cookies locally, calling her business “Collettey's Cookies”. She took her cookies to a local grocery store named Golden Goose Market. Immediately after tasting the cookies, the market decided to sell Devitto's cookies. Golden Goose Market became Divitto's first client. Eventually, a television station shared the story of Divitto's cookie business. Her story went viral! Divitto didn't just create Collectey's Cookies to sell delicious baked goods. She has a great ambition to expand her business so that she can hire as many people as possible. Currently, many of her employees have disabilities.Divitto also wants non­disabled business owners to see the strengths and talents of people with disabilities. The majority of disabled people who can work cannot find paying jobs. Even when they do get jobs, they are often paid less than the minimum wage. Divitto wants to change these statistics. She wants to make sure people with disabilities get jobs that pay fairly. [语篇解读]　本文为一篇记叙文。Collette Divitto患有唐氏综合征，她参加了许多求职面试，但总是被拒绝。后来她成了一名企业家，并招收了许多有残疾的员工。 5．What did Collette think was the probable reason for her job rejections? A．She wanted to run her own business. B．She was not equal to these jobs. C．She was not perseverant enough to face obstacles. D．She was prejudiced for her disability. 解析　D　细节理解题。根据第二段中的“Divitto believed she was being rejected so often in that she was born with Down syndrome”可知，Collette 认为自己之所以被拒绝是因为她因患有唐氏综合征而被歧视，故选D。 6．Which of the following best describes how Divitto made “Collettey's Cookies” a success? A．She fully took advantage of social connections. B．She turned her passion for baking into a thriving business. C．She had her cookies promoted on television. D．She employed a team of disabled people. 解析　B　细节理解题。根据第三段中的“Divitto knew she loved baking”和“Her mom tasted the cookies and urged her to write down the recipe to make them again”可知，Collette Divitto将自己对烘焙的热情转化为一项蓬勃发展的事业，这是 Collettey's Cookies成功的关键，故选B。 7．What is Paragraph 4 mainly about? A．Divitto's attitude to the disabled. B．Divitto's strategy of expanding the business. C．Divitto's quality of being an entrepreneur. D．Divitto's mission to empower the disabled with job opportunities. 解析　D　段落大意题。根据第四段内容尤其是“Currently，many of her employees have disabilities... talents of people with disabilities”和“She wants to make sure people with disabilities get jobs that pay fairly”可知，本段主要讲述了Divitto想为残疾人提供更多、更公平的就业机会，故选D。 8．What does the author want to show by telling the story? A．Nothing seeks, nothing finds. B．Success and rest don't sleep together. C．Sharp tools make good work. D．Birth is much, but breeding is more. 解析　A　推理判断题。根据全文内容尤其是第三段中的“Divitto began baking and selling her chocolate cookies locally”及第四段中的“She has a great ambition to expand her business so that she can hire as many people as possible”可以推断，作者想通过讲述Divitto“面试不断被拒—自主创业—回报社会，照顾残疾人士”的故事来展示“无所求则无所获”的道理，故选A。 Ⅱ.七选五 (2023·厦门一中阶段练习)You will be leaving this school at the end of this year and the unavoidable question many people will ask you is, “So, what do you want to be？”__1__ But many of you still don't have a clue! Here are some things you might want to consider. First, does the career you are considering have staying power? Will it be in demand in 20 years? Rapid technological change is disruptive (破坏性的). __2__ While many occupations are being taken over by new technology, jobs that require high­level of critical thinking, emotional intelligence and human interaction, remain in high demand. These jobs are more adaptable and not easily replaced by machines or technology. Second, choose a career that interests you. Some people might think this is unimportant, but if you are truly passionate about your job then going to work every day won't seem a chore. It's also likely that you will stay and grow in this career. Before making a choice, you should examine your values, skills and personality type.__3__ Third, of course you will want to consider your chosen profession's earning power! Although high pay plays a part, you should know that a job with a big salary will likely require more time to get to the top, much more effort and a higher level of stress. __4__ If you have interests outside of work, or are struggling with other demands in your life, you might want to choose a less taxing line of work. __5__ Let me leave you with an old saying: “Choose a job you love, and you will never have to work a day in your life.” A．We need to be forward­looking at our future prospects. B．Some of you may have already decided on a career path. C．Trying different work can help you find out your favorite job. D．This can help you decide if a career path is a good fit for you. E．Only the truly motivated will likely be able to meet these challenges. F．People's wages are lower in industries with slow technological change. G．Thinking about a life­long career at this stage in your life is surely challenging. [语篇解读]　本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了在选择职业道路的时候你可能需要考虑的事情。 1．解析　B　根据下文“But many of you still don't have a clue! (但是你们中的很多人还是不知道)”中转折连词But可知，上下文有转折关系，B项“Some of you may have already decided on a career path. (你们中的一些人可能已经决定了职业道路。)”讲有些人已经决定了职业道路，与下文“很多人还是不知道”构成转折关系，回答了前文的问题“what do you want to be？(你想成为什么？)”，上下文语意连贯。故选B。 2．解析　A　上文“First, does the career you are considering have staying power? Will it be in demand in 20 years? Rapid technological change is disruptive (破坏性的). (首先，你考虑的职业有持久力吗？20年后还会有需求吗？快速的技术变革具有破坏性。)”提出技术变革会改变职业，要考虑未来可能的变化，A项“We need to be forward­looking at our future prospects.(我们需要展望未来的前景。)”承接上文，提出要展望职业前景，句中“future prospects”与上文“in 20 years”相照应，上下文语意连贯。故选A。 3．解析　D　上文“Before making a choice, you should examine your values, skills and personality type. (在做出选择之前，你应该审视自己的价值观、技能和性格类型。)”提出选择职业前要进行自我评估，D项“This can help you decide if a career path is a good fit for you.(这可以帮助你决定一个职业道路是否适合你。)”承接上文，说明这样做的作用，句中“This”指代上文中“examine your values, skills and personality type”，上下文语意连贯。故选D。 4．解析　E　上文“you should know that a job with a big salary will likely require more time to get to the top, much more effort and a higher level of stress.(但你应该知道，高薪的工作可能需要更多的时间才能达到顶峰，需要付出更多的努力和承受更大的压力。)”提出与高薪相伴的是更多的付出与挑战，E项“Only the truly motivated will likely be able to meet these challenges.(只有真正有动力的人才有可能迎接这些挑战。)”承接上文，说明什么样的人才能面对这些挑战，句中“these challenges”与上文“require more time to get to the top, much more effort and a higher level of stress”相照应。故选E。 5．解析　G　设空句是末段首句，是对全文的总结。G项“Thinking about a life­long career at this stage in your life is surely challenging.(在你人生的这个阶段考虑一生的事业无疑是具有挑战性的。)”提出考虑一生的事业是具有挑战性的事情，下文“Let me leave you with an old saying: ‘Choose a job you love, and you will never have to work a day in your life.’(让我用一句老话留给你们：‘选择一份你喜欢的工作，你一生中一天都不用工作。’)”用一句谚语给出解答，从而实现对全文的总结。故选G。 Ⅲ.完形填空 (2023·石家庄教学质检)I started cooking when I was thirteen.Both of my parents worked，so I was usually __1__ after school.One day，my parents forgot to __2__ dinner before they went to work.As we were short of money，eating out was beyond __3__．So I decided to be the __4__ of the day. A few moments later，I __5__ to cook fried rice，the best option out of __6__ resources，including my cooking knowledge.After __7__ a pan on the stove and turning on the heat，it soon began to sizzle.I was so hungry that I __8__ and threw everything into the pan all together.In went rice，pieces of meat and vegetables.Little did I know that the __9__ of ingredients(原料)was crucial in cooking.I __10__ waited for the meat to be thoroughly cooked，but other ingredients were __11__．At first，I mistook it as steam from cooking，but I soon __12__ something went horribly wrong when smoke __13__ to fill the kitchen. Later that day，my mother told me，“You cannot rush yourself when cooking.” Rather，I should take steps，turning to the basics，such as learning about the ingredients and __14__ the recipe. I've learned that the first __15__ seems hard but we should just start and let the journey teach us. [语篇解读]　本文是一篇记叙文。作者的父母都上班。一天，他的父母在上班之前忘了给他准备晚饭，因此他决定自己做饭。他由于不知道烹饪的基本步骤，结果把菜给烧糊了。但是这让他得到一个教训：有些事情的第一步似乎挺难，但是我们应该开始，让过程教我们(成长)。 1．A.alone B．energetic C．anxious D．excited 解析　A　根据上文中的“Both of my parents worked”可知，此处指在放学后我通常是独自一人。 2．A.enjoy B．prepare C．serve D．take 解析　B　根据下文描述可知，我决定自己做饭，因此此处指我的父母在去上班之前忘了准备晚餐。 3．A.expectation B．control C．description D．budget 解析　D　根据上文中的“we were short of money”可知，此处指出去吃饭不在我们的预算之内。budget“预算”，符合语境。 4．A.owner B．ruler C．chef D．researcher 解析　C　根据下文描述可知，我决定自己做饭。故此处指因此我决定当这一天的厨师(chef)。 5．A.agreed B．decided C．failed D．switched 解析　B　根据语境可知，此处指我决定做炒饭。 6．A.various B．delicious C．pricey D．limited 解析　D　根据上文中的“we were short of money”以及下文中的“including my cooking knowledge”可知，此处指有限的(limited)资源。 7．A.placing B．covering C．washing D．breaking 解析　A　联系下文中的“on the stove”和常识可知，此处指把一个平底锅放在炉子上。 8．A.quit B．slept C．rushed D．collapsed 解析　C　联系上文中的“I was so hungry”以及下文中的“You cannot rush yourself when cooking”可知，rushed符合语境，指我急匆匆地把每样东西都扔进了锅里。 9．A.standard B．order C．quality D．amount 解析　B　根据上文中的“threw everything into the pan all together”以及下文中的“I __10__ waited for the meat to be thoroughly cooked，but other ingredients were __11__”可知，此处指在烹饪中，食材的顺序是至关重要的。 10．A.proudly B．unconsciously C．fearfully D．eagerly 解析　D　根据语境可知，此处指我急切地等着肉熟透。 11．A.burning B．exploding C．disappearing D．mixing 解析　A　根据下文中的“when smoke __13__ to fill the kitchen”可知，此处指其他食材着火了。 12．A.insisted B．declared C．grasped D．explained 解析　C　联系下文中的“something went horribly wrong”可知，此处指很快我就发现有些不对劲了。grasp“领会，明白”。 13．A.stopped B．reduced C．existed D．emerged 解析　D　联系下文中的“fill the kitchen”可知，此处指烟从锅里面冒出来了。emerge“出现，浮现，露出”。 14．A.working on B．fixing on C．referring to D．contributing to 解析　C　联系上文中的“turning to the basics”以及下文中的“the recipe”可知，此处指参考菜谱。refer to“参考，查看”。 15．A.race B．try C．route D．ride 解析　B　根据上文描述可知，此处指第一次尝试似乎挺难。try“尝试，试图，努力”。 B级　写作规范练 Ⅰ.语法填空 (2023·安徽十校联盟开学考)Archaeologists in China have recently found the world's oldest known coin manufacturing site. The site 1.________ (use) to make metal money around 2，600 years ago. It is located in the ancient city of Guanzhuang, in 2.________ is now China's Henan Province. Using radiocarbon (放射性碳) dating, the researchers came to the 3.________ (conclude) that the workshop began minting (铸造) operations between 640 BC and 550 BC. The discovery of the coin mint is 4.________ (true) exciting as it shows the existence of a very old coin workshop. The coins 5.________ (make) at the workshop are “spade money”. They replaced 6.________ (shell) during the Spring and Autumn Period.The workshop was close to the city's administrative center, 7.________ suggests that it may have begun minting coins on government orders. The new study adds fuel 8.________ a long­standing debate about the origins of currency. Some scholars argue that money 9.________ (begin) as a way to help trade between merchants and customers. Others say governments created it 10.________ (allow) for the collection of taxes and debts. [语篇解读]　本文是一篇说明文。本文主要介绍了一项考古发现：世界上最古老的硬币铸造厂。 1．解析　was used　考查动词的时态和语态及主谓一致。句意为：大约2 600年前，这个地方被用来制造金属货币。设空处在句中作谓语，主语The site与use之间为被动关系，用被动语态；around 2，600 years ago是具体的过去时间，谓语动词用一般过去时。故填was used。 2．解析　what　考查名词性从句。句意为：它位于现在中国河南省的官庄遗址。根据句意再结合空前的介词in可知，设空处引导宾语从句，从句中缺少主语，指“……的东西”，故填what。 3．解析　conclusion　考查词性转换。句意为：利用放射性碳定年法，研究人员得出结论，该作坊在公元前640年至公元前550年之间开始铸造运营。空前为定冠词，设空处应填名词，在句中作came to的宾语，come to a conclusion为固定搭配，意为“得出结论”，此处表示特指，用了定冠词。故填conclusion。 4．解析　truly　考查词形变化。句意为：造币厂的发现确实令人兴奋，因为它表明了一个非常古老的硬币作坊的存在。设空处修饰后面的形容词exciting，表示“确实”，应用副词truly。故填truly。 5．解析　made　考查非谓语动词。句意为：作坊里制造的硬币是“铲币”。are为本句的系动词，动词make与其之间无连接词，应用非谓语动词形式作后置定语，修饰The coins；二者在逻辑上是被动关系，应用过去分词。故填made。 6．解析　shells　考查名词单复数。句意为：在春秋时期，它们取代了贝壳。shell为可数名词，根据前面的The coins和They并结合句意可知，此处需用其复数形式。故填shells。 7．解析　which　考查定语从句。句意为：该作坊靠近该市的行政中心，这表明它可能是根据政府命令开始铸造硬币的。逗号前后无连词，由此可知，设空处引导非限制性定语从句，先行词为前面整个主句内容，应用关系代词which，并在从句中作主语。故填which。 8．解析　to　考查介词。句意为：这项新研究加剧了长期以来关于货币起源的争论。add...to...是固定搭配，意为“把……加到……上”。故填to。 9．解析　began　考查动词的时态。句意为：一些学者认为，货币最初是帮助商人和顾客之间进行贸易的一种方式。分析句子结构可知，argue为主句的谓语动词，后面为that引导的宾语从句，从句的主语为money，设空处应填谓语动词形式作从句的谓语；由句意可知，这里说的是很久以前的事，谓语动词用一般过去时。故填began。 10．解析　to allow　考查非谓语动词。句意为：其他人说，政府创建它是考虑到征税和收债。分析句子结构可知，say为主句谓语动词，后面为省略that的宾语从句，从句中created为谓语动词，动词allow与其之间无连词，应为非谓语动词；结合句意可知，征税和收债是政府创建它的目的，因此用动词不定式在句中作目的状语。故填to allow。 Ⅱ.应用文写作 (2023·巴蜀中学月考)假定你是学生会主席李华，你校筹划下周举办一次“魅力中国”城市展览，给国际学生提供了解中国城市的机会。请你用英语写一份通知，号召国际学生积极参与，内容包括： 1．活动时间、地点； 2．活动内容及意义。 注意：1.词数不少于80； 2．可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。 NOTICE ________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________ The Students' Union One possible version： NOTICE Aimed at providing a platform where international students can have a chance to know about cities in China，an exhibition is to be held on our school playground next Friday afternoon. With a theme of “Charming China”，the exhibition will present attractive pictures of major cities in China. Not only can you participate in kinds of activities where you will be exposed to cultures and customs，but you can enjoy stunning performances given by Chinese students as well. So if you are free at that time, please pay a visit to the exhibition! Undoubtedly, it will satisfy your curiosity about China and help you better fit in with Chinese culture. The_Students'_Union Ⅲ.读后续写 (2024·白银高三统考)阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。 Living in the shadow of my two elder sisters at college who already had their lives planned out since they were little, I was always undecided about everything. As a teenager, I was fickle (反复无常的). I would like one thing for a week and then hate it the next. But I was constantly searching for the beginning of the rainbow. Changing my dream from a vet to an astronaut, I thought there were various options available to me. However, my parents would shake their heads and repeatedly asked me such questions as, “Why can't you be more like your sisters? What are you going to do with your life? Aren't you interested in anything at all？” After a couple of shrugs (耸肩), my parents usually stopped talking. I was not sure if they gave up or anticipated my dull reactions. I often responded, “I couldn't answer all of your questions now.” Actually, my parents just had high expectations that never seemed to be fulfilled. Plus, like other parents, they just wanted to give the best to me and expected me to achieve success. The arguments with my parents seemed childish. One day, my mother made her thoughts clear, “Your grades aren't high enough. No schools are going to want you, dear. We didn't pay so much money for nothing.” Hesitating for a while, I said, “No matter what you say, I believe I will enter a good college.” Still, I let my emotions control myself. Certainly, I had never planned not to go to college. After another debate with my mom, I decided to make a change. No longer would I sit back and let my parents mistake me for a bad boy. It was time to take action. I knew it was a crucial year at high school. Releasing my feelings, I began to collect all the knowledge I had learned and review it with all my heart. I didn't argue with my parents any more, but instead turned to my sisters for help and tried my best to study. Finally, I took the national college entrance examination with ease and confidence. 注意：1.续写词数应为150左右； 2．请按如下格式作答。 A few days later, I received a call from my school, saying my college acceptance letter had arrived.________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________ My parents excitedly said behind me, “Well, open the envelop！” ________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________ One possible version： A few days later, I received a call from my school, saying my college acceptance letter had arrived. Then I hurried to the school with my parents. It was beyond my wildest dream till that moment. As a matter of fact, I doubted then whether I was in the dream. I normally dreaded the long walk to the school. But that day was different. There seemed to be something in the air, an electric current, connecting my body to the letter. When I got it, I was really afraid that the envelop was empty. But there was a white package inside. With my heart beating faster, I wondered whether it could really be what was expected. My parents excitedly said behind me, “Well, open the envelop！”What I grabbed in my hands contained everything I had been waiting for. Slowly, I opened it and a flash of CONGRATULATIONS in bold bright letters caught my eyes. A feeling of happiness and relief rushed through my body. I was holding my first offer from a good college. Needless to say, it wouldn't have been possible if it weren't for the countless hours of studying and writing, but most importantly, my parents' constant reminders, in fact, were the best form of education for me. “Thank you, Mom and Dad！” I said gratefully. 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$