必修第一册 UNIT 4 NATURAL DISASTERS（word练习）-【导学教程】2025年英语新编高考大一轮总复习（人教版）

[对应学生用书P511] Ⅰ.阅读理解 A (2024·九省联考)Parrots are prey animals，which means that other predators (捕食者) in the wild，such as hawks or snakes，are looking to make them into a meal. This one factor influences parrots' behavior in your house more than any other. Parrots are most easily hurt when feeding on the ground. Membership in a group plays an important function in ensuring their safety and improving their chances of survival from attacks by predators. The most common predators of parrots include hawks，snakes，cats，monkeys，and bats. Some predators make attacks only during the day while others hunt in the night. As prey animals，parrots are constantly watching out for danger and they instinctively (本能地) react to risks. Their first choice is to take flight. However，if this is not possible，they will fight with their powerful beaks to defend themselves. Because their biggest enemy is the hawk，parrots are especially reactive to quick movements from above and behind. For this reason，it is wise to avoid quick，sudden movements near your bird. This is a built­in reaction not subject to logic or reason. Simple and relatively harmless household objects can draw extreme fear responses from a bird. For example，a balloon may represent a hawk or a vacuum hose (吸尘器软管) may be the same as a snake in your bird's mind. As prey animals，parrots are often frightened by exposure to new household items or strangers. It is important to expose your bird to safe experiences and changes starting at a very young age to build flexibility and improve their adaptability. Variety in diet and toys，travel，and exposure to new people and places all help to make your bird more flexible and adaptable to change. [语篇解读]　说明文。文章主要介绍了鹦鹉作为被捕食动物的行为特性和生存策略。 1．What is important for parrots to better survive from attacks in the wild? A．Living in a group. B．Growing beautiful feathers. C．Feeding on the ground. D．Avoiding coming out at night. 解析　A　细节理解题。根据第二段“Membership in a group...attacks by predators.(群体的成员身份在确保其安全和提高其从捕食者袭击中幸存下来的机会方面起着重要作用。)”可知，鹦鹉要想更好地在野外躲避攻击，重要的是要进行集体生活，故选A。 2．What is parrots' first response to an immediate risk? A．To attack back. B．To get away. C．To protect the young. D．To play dead. 解析　B　细节理解题。根据第三段“As prey animals...choice is to take flight.(作为猎物，鹦鹉会时刻警惕危险，并本能地对风险做出反应。他们的第一反应是飞走。)”可知，鹦鹉对直接风险的第一反应是逃跑，故选B。 3．Why would a balloon frighten a parrot? A．It may explode suddenly. B．It may be in a strange shape. C．It may have a strong color. D．It may move around quickly. 解析　D　细节理解题。根据倒数第二段“Because their biggest...above and behind.(因为它们最大的敌人是鹰，鹦鹉对来自上方和后方的快速移动特别敏感。)” 和下文“This is a built­in reaction...same as a snake in your bird's mind.(这是一种不受逻辑或理性约束的内在反应。简单且相对无害的家居用品会引起鸟类的极度恐惧反应。例如，在你的鸟心目中，气球可能代表鹰，或者真空软管可能与蛇相同。)”可知，气球能够吓到鹦鹉是因为气球可能移动速度快，使鹦鹉联想到鹰，故选D。 4．What is the author's purpose of writing the text? A．To explain wild parrots' behavior. B．To give advice on raising a parrot. C．To call for action to protect animals. D．To introduce a study on bird ecology. 解析　B　推理判断题。根据第一段“Parrots are prey animals...your house more than any other.(鹦鹉是猎物，这意味着野生的其他捕食者，如鹰或蛇，正在寻找将它们作为食物。这一个因素比任何其他因素都更能影响鹦鹉在家里的行为。)”、倒数第二段“Simple and relatively harmless...as a snake in your bird's mind.(简单且相对无害的家居用品会引起鸟类的极度恐惧反应。例如，在你的鸟心目中，气球可能代表鹰，或者真空软管可能与蛇相同)”以及最后一段如何帮助你的鸟更灵活、更适应变化可知，本文的写作目的是对饲养鹦鹉提建议，故选B。 B Schools across the US East Coast canceled outdoor activities，commercial airline traffic was slowed and millions of Americans were urged to stay indoors on Wednesday as smoke from Canadian wildfires drifted south，blanketing cities in thick and yellow smoke. “It's critical that Americans experiencing dangerous air pollution，especially those with health conditions，listen to local authorities to protect themselves and their families，” US President Joe Biden said. New York's world­famous skyline，usually visible for miles，disappeared because of the smoke，which some residents said made them feel unwell. “It makes breathing difficult，” Mohammed Abass said as he walked down Broadway in Manhattan. “I've been scheduled for a road test for driving，for my driving license today，and it was canceled.” “It looks like Mars out there，” said Fox Forecast Center meteorologist Brian Mastro just before 2 p．m. New York Governor Kathy Hochul called the situation an “emergency crisis”，noting that the air pollution index for parts of her state were eight times above normal. In Bethesda，Maryland，a high school moved its graduation ceremony indoors，while a Brooklyn, New York，elementary school deferred its “Spring Fling” dance party. A school in Montelair，New Jersey，called off a fifth­grade trip to an amusement park. The smoke was wafting (飘荡) over the US northern border from Canada，where hundreds of forest fires have burnt 9.4 million acres and forced 120，000 people from their homes in an unusually early and intense start to Canada's wildfire season. Tyrone Sylvester，66，playing chess outside in Manhattan's Union Square for 30 years，but wearing a mask，said he had never seen the city's air quality so bad. “When the sun looks like that，” he said，pointing at the smoky sky，“we know something's wrong. This is what global warming looks like.” Poor air quality is likely to continue into the weekend，with a developing storm system expected to shift the smoke westward across the Great Lakes and deeper south through the Ohio Valley and into the mid­Atlantic region，AccuWeather said. [语篇解读]　新闻报道。受加拿大森林野火产生的大量烟雾影响，包括纽约市在内，美国东北部空气污染严重，多地发布相关警报，呼吁民众减少外出、学校取消户外活动。其中，纽约市笼罩在烟雾中，气象专家形容犹如身在火星。 5．What do we know about Mohammed Abass? A．He took a test for driving. B．He had no driving license. C．He had some health conditions. D．He stayed indoors as expected. 解析　B　细节理解题。根据第四段最后一句“I've been scheduled for a road test for driving，for my driving license today，and it was canceled.”可知，穆罕默德·阿巴斯今天被安排了驾驶路考，却由于烟雾考试被取消了，故选B。 6．Which is closest in meaning to “deferred” in paragraph 7? A．Put off. B．Took over. C．Came up with. D．Did away with. 解析　A　词句猜测题。根据第七段画线词上文“In Bethesda，Maryland，a high school moved its graduation ceremony indoors”以及下文“A school in Montelair，New Jersey，called off a fifth­grade trip to an amusement park.”可知，受到烟雾影响，很多学校被迫取消户外活动。dance party虽是户内活动，但也深受影响，故选A。 7．What does the eighth paragraph mainly talk about? A．Canada's poor management. B．The areas affected by wildfires. C．The cause of America's smoke. D．The consequences of air pollution. 解析　C　主旨大意题。根据第八段“The smoke was wafting (飘荡) over the US northern border from Canada”可知，烟雾从加拿大飘过美国北部边境。由此可知，本段主要讲的是美国产生烟雾的原因，故选C。 8．What can be learned from the last two paragraphs? A．New York City smoke situation is not uncomfortable. B．A strong wind will probably relieve the poor air quality. C．Citizens have found new ways to fight climate changes. D．The city's air pollution doesn't relate to global warming. 解析　B　细节理解题。根据最后一段“with a developing storm system expected to shift the smoke westward across the Great Lakes.”可知，一个正在形成的风暴系统将使烟雾向西穿过五大湖，有可能会缓解糟糕的空气质量。 故选B。 Ⅱ.完形填空 One cold afternoon，Tina saw a newborn bird in her garden. Knowing it wouldn't make it if left __1__she brought it inside. Little did she know of the __2__the bird would make her. The family named the little bird “Gracie”. As Gracie grew bigger and stronger under the family's loving care，an unbreakable __3__ developed between them. But the family knew Gracie should __4__to the wild one day. One year later，they __5__ the bird with tearful eyes fly off to explore its own world，not knowing it wouldn't __6__ the family. Years after that，Tina was diagnosed (诊断) with cancer. Feeling sad and hopeless，she __7__ every day. But much to her surprise and joy，Gracie __8__ the day Tina came home from her operation. Though Tina had lost all her hair，Gracie __9__her and landed on her shoulder chattering (唧唧叫) to her.Tina was so excited that she kissed the bird __10__． The house was __11__again. Tina began to __12__dramatically. She cried less and laughed more. Two years later，all her tests were __13__！ The doctors considered it a miracle (奇迹)，but Tina knew it was not. “It is Gracie that gave me hope and strength. Without Gracie's __14__during the hard time，things would have been different. We ever saved its life，and it was repaying the __15__．” Tina said gratefully. [语篇解读]　夹叙夹议文。文章讲述人与动物的感情，主人公蒂娜拯救了一只幼鸟，养大后放生了这只鸟，而蒂娜生病之后这只鸟飞回来陪伴她让她恢复健康。 1．A.absent B．alone C．apart D．around 解析　B　句意：她知道如果把它放在外面它一定会死，所以她把它带了进来。根据上文“it wouldn't make it”和下文“she brought it inside”可知，如果不管这只幼小的鸟，让它独自待着，一定活不下去，所以蒂娜把鸟带回了家。 2．A.impression B．mess C．impact D．comment 解析　C　根据下文“It is Gracie that gave me hope and strength. Without Gracie's __14__during the hard time，things would have been different.”可知，是这只鸟儿的陪伴才让蒂娜的病好起来了，一开始蒂娜并不知道她救助的小鸟会带给她什么影响。 3．A.bond B．action C．balance D．promise 解析　A　根据下文“We ever saved its life，and it was repaying the __15__. Tina said gratefully.”可知，这只鸟儿与蒂娜一家有了很深厚的感情，人与动物建立了紧密的联系。 4．A.adapt B．travel C．relate D．return 解析　D　根据下文“One year later，they __5__ the bird with tearful eyes fly off to explore its own world”可知，这只鸟儿虽是他们养大，但是终有一天需要回归自然。 5．A.watched B．admired C．released D．followed 解析　A　根据下文“with tearful eyes”可知，蒂娜一家目送鸟儿飞走。 6．A.join B．approach C．contact D．forget 解析　D　根据下文“Though Tina had lost all her hair，Gracie __9__her and landed on her shoulder chattering (唧唧叫) to her.”可知，这只鸟没有忘记这家人，即便蒂娜没有头发。 7．A.prayed B．cried C．doubted D．complained 解析　B　根据上文“Tina was diagnosed (诊断) with cancer. Feeling sad and hopeless，”可知，蒂娜患了癌症，所以很绝望，符合语境的情绪就是哭泣。 8．A.set out B．passed by C．showed up D．settled down 解析　C　根据下文“Gracie __9__her and landed on her shoulder chattering (唧唧叫) to her.”可知，在放生格蕾西之后，它却在蒂娜生病的时候出现了，蒂娜很惊喜。 9．A.understood B．recognized C．appreciated D．encouraged 解析　B　根据下文“landed on her shoulder chattering (唧唧叫) to her”可知，格蕾西认出了蒂娜。 10．A.adorably B．curiously C．mercifully D．emotionally 解析　D　根据上文“Tina was so excited”可知，看到鸟儿回来，蒂娜非常兴奋，符合语境的情感应该是动情地亲吻。 11．A.alive B．full C．fresh D．tidy 解析　A　根据下文“She cried less and laughed more.”可知，蒂娜的消极情绪逐渐减少，笑容增多，因此推断这个家恢复往日活力，重新变得更加有生机。 12．A.act B．reflect C．change D．cooperate 解析　C　根据下文“She cried less and laughed more.”可知，蒂娜情绪逐渐改变，笑容增多。 13．A.complex B．normal C．reliable D．accurate 解析　B　根据下文“The doctors considered it a miracle”可知，医生认为蒂娜的病情是个奇迹，说明蒂娜的病情有好转了，她的检查结果很正常。 14．A.adventure B．attention C．sympathy D．company 解析　D　根据上文“Gracie __9__her and landed on her shoulder chattering (唧唧叫) to her.Tina was so excited”以及下文“It is Gracie that gave me hope and strength.”以及“during the hard time”可知，蒂娜生病期间是格蕾西的陪伴让她病情得到了缓解。 15．A.visit B．adoption C．favor D．trust 解析　C　根据上文“As Gracie grew bigger and stronger under the family's loving care”可知，蒂娜一家给了格蕾西很好的照顾，格蕾西回来报答他们。 Ⅲ.语法填空 The animated film Chang An has become a surprise hit，earning 1.________impressive 600 million yuan at the box office of the Chinese mainland within just ten days of its release. It has appealed to audiences of all ages，who 2.________ (enthusiastic) recite poetry alongside the characters on screen，taking them on a fantastic journey. This film not only identifies with the Chinese people but also allows the world 3.________ (explore) the rich tradition of Tang poetry and the “Chinese Poetry Universe.” The story centers around the deep friendship between poet Gao Shi and the romantic poet Li Bai offering a brief look into the glorious history of the Tang era，4.________is known for its economic prosperity and cultural advancement. The 48 Tang poems 5.________ (feature) in the movie present a view of the most excellent poets of that time as well as their political ambitions and ideals. These poems transport audiences 6.________ sandy deserts to mist­filled regions along the Yangtze River. Chang An is undoubtedly a masterpiece that shows the unique 7.________ (characteristic) of Chinese culture to the world. In China，poets and their poems 8.________ (consider) national treasures. These poems describe not only the historical changes of a dynasty，but also 9.________ (people) understanding of the world. The film has raised the audiences' 10.________ (aware) and enhanced their love and belief in Chinese culture. [语篇解读]　说明文。文章介绍了动画电影《长安三万里》所取得的成就、电影故事简介及文化意义。 1．解析　an　句意：动画电影《长安三万里》出人意料地大受欢迎，上映仅10天就在中国大陆获得了令人印象深刻的6亿元票房。此处泛指“一个令人印象深刻的6亿元票房”，用不定冠词，impressive是以元音音素开头的词，故填an。 2．解析　enthusiastically　句意：它吸引了各个年龄段的观众，他们热情地与银幕上的角色一起背诵诗歌。此处修饰动词recite，应用副词作状语。 3．解析　to explore　句意：这部电影不仅认同中国人民，而且让世界探索唐诗的丰富传统和“中国诗歌宇宙”。固定搭配allow sb. to do sth.“允许某人做某事”。 4．解析　which　句意：故事围绕诗人高石和浪漫主义诗人李白之间的深厚友谊展开，简要介绍了以经济繁荣和文化进步而闻名的唐朝的辉煌历史。此处是非限定性定语从句，先行词是the Tang era，故填which。 5．解析　featured　句意：电影中的48首唐诗展现了当时最优秀的诗人以及他们的政治抱负和理想。feature与poems是逻辑动宾关系，此处为被动，应用过去分词作后置定语。 6．解析　from　句意：这些诗将观众从沙漠地带带到长江沿岸雾气弥漫的地区。固定搭配from...to...“从……到……”。 7．解析　characteristics　句意：《长安三万里》无疑是一个杰作，向世界展示了中国文化的独特特征。characteristic“特征”，可数名词，由语境及常识可知，中国文化的独特特征有很多，应用名词复数形式。 8．解析　are considered　句意：在中国，诗人和他们的诗被认为是国宝。consider与主语poets and their poems是逻辑动宾关系，应用被动语态，句子陈述客观事实，应用一般现在时，故填are considered。 9．解析　people's　句意：这些诗不仅描绘了一个朝代的历史变迁，也描绘了人们对世界的认识。people与understanding of the world是所属关系， 故填people's。 10．解析　awareness　句意：这部电影提高了观众的意识，增强了他们对中国文化的热爱和信仰。此处作宾语，应用名词awareness“意识”，不可数名词。 Ⅳ.应用文写作 (2024·九省联考)你校英文报计划举办主题为“携手行动，节约粮食”的作文比赛。请你写一则活动通知，内容包括： 1．介绍活动目的； 2．说明参赛要求。 注意：1.写作词数应为80个左右； 2．标题已给出，请按如下格式作答。 Welcome to Join the English Writing Competition ________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________ 【参考范文】 Welcome to Join the English Writing Competition Our school English newspaper is excited to announce the upcoming writing competition，themed “Hand in Hand，Save the Food”. The competition aims to raise awareness about the importance of saving food. All students are encouraged to participate. Entries should consist of an original piece of writing，focusing on the theme of food waste and showing how we can contribute to its reduction. Please submit your entries to the English Department mailbox by the deadline of June 1st. We look forward to your participation and creative submissions. 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$