必修第一册 UNIT 4 NATURAL DISASTERS（晨背美时篇）（word教参）-【导学教程】2025年英语新编高考大一轮总复习（人教版）

UNIT 4　NATURAL DISASTERS [对应学生用书P383] 一、背熟单词 阅读词汇 1．end in disaster 以灾难告终 2．be affected by drought受到了干旱的影响 3．run out of gas汽油用光了 4．be made of metal是用金属做的 5．hope to unify the country希望把国家统一起来 6．an active volcano一座活火山 7．typhoon warning 台风警报 8．be caught in a hurricane遇上了飓风 9．tap at the door 轻轻叩门 10．blow the whistle to stop the game吹响了终场的哨声 11．a leaking gas pipe 漏气的煤气管 12．give a summary report作简要的总结 核心单词 1．slide vi.&vt.(slid，slid)(使)滑行；滑动 2．flood n.　洪水；大量 vi.　淹没；大量涌入 vt.　使灌满水；淹没 3．damage vt.　损害；破坏 n.　损坏；损失 4．destroy vt.　摧毁；毁灭 5．shelter n.　避难处；居所；庇护 vt.　保护；掩蔽 vi.　躲避(风雨或危险) 6．ruin n．& vt.　破坏；毁坏 7．percent n.　百分之…… adj.&adv.　每一百中 8．trap vt.　使落入险境；使陷入圈套 n.　险境；陷阱 9．bury vt.　埋葬；安葬 10．effort n.　努力；艰难的尝试；尽力 11．supply n.　　　　供应(量)；补给；[pl.]补给品 vt.　供应；供给 12．tap vi.&vt.　轻叩；轻敲；轻拍 n.　水龙头；轻叩；轻敲 13．calm adj.　镇静的；沉着的 vt.　使平静；使镇静 14．aid n.　援助；帮助；救援物资 vi.&vt.(formal)　帮助；援助 15．crash vt.& vi.　碰撞；撞击 n.　撞车；碰撞 16．sweep vt.& vi.(swept，swept) 　打扫；清扫 17．wave n.　海浪；波浪 vi.&vt.　挥手；招手 18．strike vi.&vt.(struck，struck/stricken) 　侵袭；突击；击打 n.　罢工；罢课；袭击 拓展单词 1．rescue n．& vt.营救；救援→rescuer n．救援者 2．death n．死；死亡→dead adj.死的→deadly adj.致命的→die v．死亡 3．affect vt.影响；(疾病)侵袭；深深打动→affection n．感情 4．shock n．震惊；令人震惊的事；休克 vt.(使)震惊→shocking adj.令人震惊的→shocked adj.感到震惊的 5．electricity n．电；电能→electric adj.电的；用电的→electronic adj.电子的 6．breathe vi.&vt.呼吸→breath n．呼吸→breathless adj.气喘吁吁的 7．wisdom n．智慧；才智→wise adj.明智的→unwise adj.不明智的 8．suffer vt.遭受；蒙受 vi.(因疾病、痛苦、悲伤等)受苦→suffering n．受难；苦楚→sufferer n．患难者；患病者 9．erupt vi.&vt.(火山)爆发；(岩浆、烟等)喷出→eruption n．喷发 10．survive vi.生存；存活 vt.幸存；艰难度过→survival n．幸存；生还→survivor n．幸存者；生还者 11．power n．电力供应；能量；力量；控制力→powerful adj.强大的；强壮的→powerless adj.无力的 12．emergency n．突发事件；紧急情况→emergent adj.紧急的→emerge vi.浮现；出现 13．deliver vt.&vi.递送；传达 vt.发表→delivery n．投递；送交 14．length n．长；长度→long adj.长的→lengthen v．(使)变长 二、背热考单词 1．flood n．洪水；大量 vi.淹没；大量涌入 vt.使灌满水；淹没 ◆知识拓展 (1)a flood of...　一大批…… in floods of tears　泪如雨下 (2)flood in/into/out of　大量涌入；蜂拥而出 表示“情感”的名词＋flood over sb 　某人非常/深感…… (3)be flooded with　充满/挤满…… 写作佳句 ①Sweet memories came flooding back and Jane was in floods of tears. 甜蜜的回忆涌上心头，简哭得泪人似的。(读后续写之情感描写) ②A great sense of relief and pride flooded over my father. 我的父亲深感宽慰和骄傲。(读后续写之情感描写) 2．affect vt.影响；(疾病)侵袭；深深打动 ◆知识拓展 (1)be deeply affected by...　被……深深打动 be affected with...　染上……疾病 (2)have an effect on...　对……有影响 写作佳句 Affected by those selfless doctors，I have developed a deep affection for the career. 在这些无私的医生的影响下，我喜欢上了这个职业。 3．ruin n．& vt.破坏；毁坏 ◆知识拓展 (1)lie/be in ruins　成为废墟 be reduced to ruins　沦为废墟 (2)ruin one's health/fame/future 　毁坏某人的健康/声誉/前途 写作佳句 On returning to the town，they were shocked to find their neighborhood in ruins. 当他们回到镇上时，他们震惊地发现他们家附近成了废墟。(读后续写之情感描写) 4．bury vt.埋葬；安葬；掩埋；使沉浸；使专心 ◆知识拓展 bury one's face in one's hands 　双手掩面 (doing) sth 　埋头于/专心于(做)某事 写作佳句 ①Since she graduated，my mother has buried herself in teaching，receiving high praise. 我母亲自毕业以来，全心扑在教学上，获得了高度赞扬。 ②(2021·新高考Ⅰ卷，读后续写)Father paced in，his hands buried in his pockets. 父亲双手插在口袋里踱步进来。(读后续写之动作描写) 5．effort n．努力；艰难的尝试；尽力 ◆知识拓展 (1)make an effort/efforts/every effort to do sth　努力做某事 spare no effort(s) to do sth　不遗余力做某事 (2)with effort　费劲地 写作佳句 However，he spared no effort to catch up with the others，drops of sweat streaming down his cheeks，showing no sign of giving up. 然而，他却不顾一切地追赶着其他人，汗水从他的脸颊上流下来，丝毫没有放弃的迹象。 6．survive vi.生存；存活 vt.幸存；艰难度过；比……活得长 ◆知识拓展 (1)survive on　靠……生存 ；靠……维持生活 survive sth　幸免于某事；活过来 (2)survive from...as...　作为……留存下来 写作佳句 Thankfully，you made all your efforts to help me have a shelter to live in，enough food and water to survive on. 令人感激的是，你们竭尽全力帮助我有了住所，足够的食物和水让我活下来。 7．strike vi.&vt.(struck，struck/stricken)侵袭；突击；击打 n．罢工；罢课；袭击 ◆知识拓展 be struck by/with... 被……击中；被……打动 It strikes sb that...　某人突然想起…… strike...into one's heart　使某人对……刻骨铭心 写作佳句 Struck by what he had done for me，I couldn't contain myself，tears of gratitude flowing down my cheeks. 被他为我所做的事情所感动，我不能自已，感激的泪水顺着脸颊流下来。(读后续写之情感描写) 8．effect n．影响；结果；效果 ◆知识拓展 have an effect on/upon...　对……有影响 come into effect/take effect　生效；起作用 bring/put...into effect　使……生效 side effect　副作用 写作佳句 Our future career has a great effect on our life，which requires our deep consideration. 我们未来的职业对我们的生活有很大的影响，这需要我们深思熟虑。 9．trap vt.使落入险境；使陷入圈套 n．险境；陷阱 ◆知识拓展 (1)be trapped in...　被困在……中 trap sb into doing sth　诱使某人做某事 (2)fall into a trap　落入圈套 写作佳句 Trapped in the ruins，the girl still held a positive attitude，waiting to be rescued. 被困在废墟中的女孩仍然抱着积极的态度，等待救援。 三、背单元短语 ①dig out 挖掘 ②sweep away 消灭；彻底消除 ③come to an end 结束 ④be trapped in 被困在 ⑤suffer from 遭受；患病 ⑥crash into 闯入；撞到……上 ⑦in ruins 严重受损；破败不堪 ⑧in shock 震惊；吃惊 ⑨on hand 现有(尤指帮助) ⑩as if 似乎；好像；仿佛 ⑪first aid kit 急救箱 ⑫in the open air 露天；在户外 四、背单元佳句 1．句型：too＋形容词＋to... 教材：Chickens and even pigs were too nervous to eat，and dogs refused to go inside buildings. 鸡甚至连猪都太紧张而不能吃东西，狗也不愿意进屋里去。 2．句型：as if引导的虚拟语气 教材：It seemed as if the world were coming to an end. 仿佛世界末日即将来临。 3．句型：who引导的定语从句 教材：Soon after the quakes，the army sent 150，000 soldiers to Tangshan to dig out those who were trapped and to bury the dead. 地震刚刚过去，部队派出了15万名战士奔赴唐山，将受困群众从废墟中挖出，并掩埋死者。 4．句型：be doing...when... 教材：I was having breakfast with my three children when water started filling my home. 我正和我的三个孩子一起吃早饭，突然海水开始灌到我家。 5．修辞：拟人 教材：Slowly，the city began to breathe again. 慢慢地，这座城市又开始呼吸了。 6．修辞：明喻 教材：Bricks covered the ground like red autumn leaves. 砖块像秋天的红叶一样铺满了地面。 五、背续写素材——情感细节描写之“恐惧、惊恐”(二) 【词汇积累】 吓呆 ①root sb to the spot/rooted to the spot呆立不动； ②freeze with fear/terror/fright/horror吓呆 冒汗 ①sweat with fear吓得直冒汗； ②(palms) sweat (手心)冒汗 发抖、 发软 ①shake/tremble with fear吓得发抖；胆战心惊； ②(knees) knock in fright双膝吓得直打颤； ③knees feel weak双膝发软 毛骨 悚然 ①send a chill down/up sb's spine令某人脊背发凉，令某人毛骨悚然； ②a chill deep down in one's bones毛骨悚然 【范文背诵】 The idea of being alone in the dark big house made her hair stand on end/sent a chill down her spine.However，at midnight someone pounded at the door. She froze with terror. She trembled/shook with fear. Her fingers were curled into a fist，nails digging into her palm.Where were Mom and Dad? Molly crawled out of bed and tiptoed downstairs. Molly felt that the blood in her body froze rapidly at the sight of the dark figure outside the glass door. Yet，her knees felt weak. She reached for her cellphone to call the police，only to find it out of power. 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$