选择性必修第一册 UNIT 4 BODY LANGUAGE（word教参）-【导学教程】2025年英语新编高考大一轮总复习（人教版）

[对应学生用书P152] (一)分类识记单词——用时少·功效高 识记单词·写对 Ⅰ.知其意 1．identical adj.　相同的 2．interpret vt.　 把……理解(解释)为 vi.& vt.　口译 3．waist n.　腰；腰部 4．fake adj.　假装的；假的；冒充的 5．trial n．& v.　 审讯；审判；试验；试用 6．internal adj.　内部的；里面的 7．pose n.　故作姿态；姿势 vi.　 摆好姿势 vt.　造成(威胁、问题等) 8．reveal vt.　 揭示；显示；露出 9．tick vt.　给(试卷、问题等)打钩号 vi.　(钟表) 发出嘀嗒声 n.　钩号 10．imply vt.　意味着；暗示 11．perceive vt.　察觉；看待；理解 12．inquire vi.& vt.　询问；打听 13．ultimately adv.　最终；最后 14．intervene vi.　干预；介入 15．component n.　组成部分；零件 16．tone n.　语气；腔调；口吻 Ⅱ.写其形 1．gesture n．手势；姿势；姿态 2．cheek n．面颊；脸颊 3．bow vi.鞠躬；点头 vt.低(头) n．弓；蝴蝶结 4．incident n．发生的事情；严重事件；冲突 5．twin adj.双胞胎之一的；孪生之一的 n．双生之一；双胞胎之一 6．bend vt.&vi.(使)弯曲；倾斜；偏向 7．tendency n．趋势；倾向 8．barely adv.几乎不；勉强才能；刚刚 9．lower vt.把……放低；降低；减少 adj.下面的；下方的；较小的 10．occupy vt.占据；占用 11．stare vi.盯着看；凝视 n．凝视 12．ceiling n．天花板；上限 13．chest n．胸部；胸膛 14．merely adv.只是；仅仅；只不过 15．barrier n．隔阂；障碍 核心单词·练透 1．Putting ourselves in their shoes is of great importance when we have conflicts (冲突)with friends. 2．Teachers in this high school approve (赞成；同意)of the program because it's good for kids' growth. 3．(2023·浙江卷1月，应用文)Last Sunday witnessed (目睹， 见证) my participating in a meaningful activity named “Getting to Know the Plants Around Us ” organized by the Students' Union. 4．You can turn to your parents or teachers，who will help you choose the appropriate (合适的) strategies to cope with your stress effectively. 5．Having clarified (澄清) his opinion of the incident，Mr. Smith sat down and listened to others'. 6．It's important to distinguish (辨别) reality from dreams in our daily life. 7．She came weeping (哭泣)，wiping her tears with a tissue. 8．So I have no choice but to bother (麻烦) you to correct my mistakes in my essay. 拓展单词·用活 1．approve vi.赞成；同意 vt.批准；通过→approval n．赞成；通过；同意；批准→approving adj.赞许的；许可的 2．employ vt.使用；应用；雇用→employment n．雇用；聘用；职业；工作→employer n．雇主；雇用者；老板→employee n．雇工；雇员→unemployed adj.失业的 3．differ vi.相异；不同于→different adj.不同的→difference n．不同；差异 4．favour vt.较喜欢；选择；有利于 n．帮助；恩惠；赞同→favorable adj.赞成的；有利的 5．rely vi.依赖；依靠→reliable adj.可靠的；可信赖的 6．slight adj.轻微的；略微的；细小的→slightly adv.略微；稍微 7．tend v．趋向；走势→tendency n．趋势；倾向 8．anxious adj.焦急的，焦虑的→anxiety n．焦虑；担心；害怕 9．adjust vt.调整；调节 vi.&vt.适应；(使)习惯→adjustment n．调整；调节；适应→adjustable adj.可调节的 10．react vi.(对……)起反应；回应；(对食物等)有不良反应→reaction n．反应；回应 11．distract vt.分散(注意力)；使分心→distraction n．分心；分散→distracted adj.注意力分散的；思想不集中的,12. Varieties of after­class activities will be held, varying from the English corner to the Literature club. So we students can get various experiences.(vary) 13．I feel ashamed of my shameful action，which is a shame to me.(shame) 14．Much to my embarrassment，he asked me an embarrassing question. I felt so embarrassed that my face was red.(embarrass) 15．As educators often say，the educated can likely hunt for a better job and teenagers should receive further education for their future.(educate) 16．What angered me was that my son had stolen a watch in a shop and I warned him angrily not to do that again.(anger) 17．I am occupied with my occupation，which occupies most of my time every day.(occupy) 18．In her thirties，she distinguished herself as an athlete. Later，she became a distinguished coach.(distinguish) (二)语境记忆短语——不枯燥·兴趣高 记全记牢 1．by contrast相比之下 2．by comparison (与……)相比较 3．make inferences推理；推断 4．break down消除；分解；打破 5．straighten up直起来；整理；收拾整齐 6．in other words换句话说；也就是说 7．call on (短暂地)访问；要求 8．stare at 盯着看 9．kiss sb on the cheek亲吻某人的脸颊 10．stand close to 站得离……近 用准用活 选用左栏短语填空 1．Now he has made up his mind to launch a campaign to call on people to respect the disabled and give them encouragement to live as rich and full a life as you do. 2．Judging from his puzzled expression，we made inferences that he didn't figure out what I said just now. 3．In the street，she found herself stared at by a stranger，which made her a little nervous. 4．It is reported that the peaceful talks between China and the USA on business broke down． 5．Five people make up the team; in other words, the team is made up of five people. ●会积累　联想拓展 “生气”相关单词聚焦 “赞成”与“反对”知多少 “看法”不同 ①annoy vt.使……不悦 ②annoyed adj.生气的 ③annoying adj.使人烦恼的 ④angry adj.生气的 ⑤anger n．生气 ①approve vt.批准；赞同 ②favour vt.赞成 ③support vt.支持 ④oppose vt.反对 ⑤object vi.反对 ①glance through匆匆看一遍 ②glance at匆匆一瞥 ③glare at怒视；瞪眼看 ④stare at凝视；盯着看 ⑤spy on偷窥；监视 (三)仿写用活句式——造佳句·表达高 句式背诵 句式仿写 句型1　否定词与比较级连用表示最高级含义 And if we are feeling down or lonely，there is nothing better than seeing the smiling face of a good friend. 如果我们感到沮丧或孤独，最美好的事情就是看到好朋友的笑脸。 1.对我来说，没有什么比在寒冷的夜晚喝一杯热牛奶更好的了。 To me，there is nothing better than drinking a cup of hot milk on cold nights. 句型2　while引导让步状语从句 While it is easy to perceive when students are interested，bored，or distracted，it is sometimes much harder to distinguish when students are troubled. 尽管学生们何时(对讲课)感兴趣、何时感到无聊或精力不集中是容易察觉的，但要发现学生何时有困扰有时会难得多。 2.尽管旅游能够增长见识， 但是我认为你不应该在这方面花费太多的时间和金钱。 While traveling can broaden your mind，I don't think it's a good idea to spend too much time and money on it. 句型3　部分否定 Of course，not everyone who looks up is paying attention in class. 当然，不是每个抬头看的学生都在专心听讲。 3.并非每个学生都真正意识到尊重和传播中国传统文化的重要性。 Not every student is really aware of the importance of respecting and spreading traditional Chinese culture. [核心单词] [对应学生用书P154] vary vi.(根据情况)变化；改变(☞various adj.不同的；各种各样的☞variety n．变化；多样性；种类) (1)vary from...to...在……到……之间变化；从……到……不等 vary in sth　在某方面不同 vary with...　随……而变化 (2)a variety of＝varieties of＝various　多种多样的 [练通]　单句语法填空/完成句子 ①Just like spoken language，body language varies (vary) from culture to culture. ②I have a number of hobbies，varying (vary) from playing basketball to playing the piano. ③ 我们的英语口语俱乐部经常组织各种各样的有意义的活动，鼓励我们获得乐趣的同时说英语。而且，这些活动随季节而变化。(2022·天津卷3月，书面表达) Our Spoken English Club regularly organizes a variety of/varieties of/various meaningful activities，encouraging us to speak English as well as get pleasure.Besides，these activities vary with seasons． approve vi.赞成；同意 vt.批准；通过(☞approval n．赞成；通过；同意；批准☞approving adj.赞许的；许可的) (1)approve sth 　通过/批准某事 approve of (sb/sb's) doing sth　同意(某人)做某事 (2)win one's approval 　得到某人的批准/同意 give (one's) approval to 　同意；批准 [练透]　单句语法填空/一句多译 ①My father nodded approvingly (approve) and gave his approval to my decision to go to the farm again. (2021·浙江卷，读后续写) ②The distinguished educator gave us an approving (approve) nod to our plan. ③如果您能批准我们的提议，我们将不胜感激。(应用文之感谢信) a．We would be grateful if you could approve our proposal．(approve) b．We would be grateful if you could give approval to our proposal．(approval) witness vt.当场看到；目击；见证 n．目击者；证人 (1)be (a) witness to sth 　目击/看见某事发生 give witness to...　为……作证 (2)witness sth　 目击/目睹某事 witness to sth/doing sth 　证明(做)某事 时间/地点名词＋witness＋sth　某时/某地见证了某事 [练透]　单句语法填空/完成句子 ①The last ten years has witnessed (witness) great progress in space and sea exploration in our country. ②We couldn't contain our excitement，anxious to witness (witness) the final surprise. ③你在比赛中的成功是你努力工作的见证。(应用文之祝贺信) Your success in the competition is a witness to your hard work． favour vt.较喜欢；选择；有利于 n．帮助；恩惠；赞同(☞favourable adj.赞成的；有利的) ask sb a favour　请某人帮忙 do sb a favour　帮某人忙 in favour of　同意；支持；赞成 in one's favour　有利于某人；对……有利 [练透]　单句语法填空/完成句子/词汇升级 ①(2022·浙江卷6月，应用文)By performing appropriate measures，we have created a favourable (favour) learning environment in the self­study room. ②当听到他们大多数人不赞成他的意见时，他勃然大怒。(读后续写之情绪描写) He boiled with anger when hearing that most of them weren't in favour of his opinion． ③毋庸置疑，成功和机遇往往青睐那些有准备的人。(读后续写之主旨升华) Undoubtedly，opportunities and success tend to favour those who are ready. ④We sincerely hope you can help us and give us some guidance on how to adapt a story from our English textbook for a short play. →We sincerely hope you can do us a favour and give us some guidance on how to adapt a story from our English textbook for a short play. occupy vt.占据；占用；占领(☞occupied adj.使用中；忙于；被占领的☞occupation n．占领；工作；职业) (1)occupy oneself with sth/in doing sth 忙于(做)某事；专心于(做)某事 (2)be occupied in doing sth 　忙于做某事 be occupied with sth 忙于某事 keep sb/oneself occupied 　使某人/自己忙碌 [练透]　单句语法填空/句式升级 ①The twins soon found themselves occupied (occupy)in cleaning up the kitchen while their father was occupying himself with the breakfast. (2021·新高考Ⅰ卷，读后续写) ②Ultimately，you must state your full name，age and occupation (occupy) in your application form. ③Because they were occupied in making and selling popcorn，they spared no time to play around. →Occupying themselves in making and selling popcorn，they spared no time to play around.(现在分词短语作状语) →Occupied in making and selling popcorn，they spared no time to play around.(过去分词短语作状语) distinguish vi.&vt.区分；辨别(☞distinguished adj.著名的；杰出的) (1)distinguish between A and B　区分A和B distinguish... from...　把……与……区分开来 distinguish oneself as/to be 　作为……而出名 (2) be distinguished for/as...　因/作为……而出名 [练透]　单句语法填空/完成句子 ①As far as we all know，Lang Ping has already distinguished herself (she) as a great volleyball coach in the world. ② Distinguished (distinguish)for its attractive scenery，Hangzhou witnesses large numbers of tourists every year. ③阅读好书既能丰富我们的头脑又能教我们分辨是非。 Reading good books can not only enrich our minds but also teach us to distinguish between right and wrong． ashamed adj.羞愧；惭愧(☞shame n．羞愧；羞耻；让人遗憾的事☞shameful adj.可耻的☞shameless adj.无耻的) (1)be/feel ashamed of... 为……而感到羞耻 be ashamed to do sth　羞于做某事 (2)It's a shame that...　……真让人遗憾。 What a shame/pity!　真遗憾！ [练透]　单句语法填空/完成句子/一句多译 ①She was ashamed of making so many conflicts with her classmate Tom. ②我又焦虑又羞愧，什么也没说，心想他会不会马上解雇我。(读后续写之心理描写) Anxious and ashamed，I said nothing，wondering if he would fire me right away. ③我是如此羞愧，以至于我感觉心如刀绞，眼泪模糊了我的双眼。(读后续写之羞愧心理描写) a．I was so ashamed that I felt as if a knife were piercing(刺穿) my heart，tears clouding my eyes. b．So ashamed was I that I felt as if a knife were piercing my heart，tears clouding my eyes.(倒装句) adjust vt.调整；调节 vi.&vt.适应；(使)习惯(☞adjustment n．调整； 调节； 适应☞adjustable adj.可调节的) (1)adjust (oneself) to (doing)...　适应……；习惯…… adjust...to...　调整……以适应…… (2)make an adjustment/adjustments　做出调整 [练透]　单句语法填空/一句多译 ①Knowing that you have some difficulty adjusting (adjust) yourself to the new school life，I'm writing to give you some tips. ②由于我没有及时调整相关的信息，这给您带来极大的不便，我写信向您道歉。(应用文之道歉信) a．I am writing to apologize to you for my not adjusting the relevant information in time，causing great inconvenience to you.(adjust) b．I am writing to apologize to you for my not making adjustments to the relevant information in time, which caused great inconvenience to you．(adjustment，定语从句) 词形转换和动词形式变化 1．(2023·全国甲卷，书面表达) Besides，he proposed the establishment of a national school system，which had a far­reaching influence on the Chinese educational (education) system. 2．(2023·全国甲卷，语法填空) Different (difference) from traditional fables，Carson's story ends with an accusation instead of a moral. 3．She said that she had been struggling to find someone reliable (rely)to walk Velma，and that she truly appreciated my assistance. 4．When it was his turn to give his speech，nervous and embarrassed (embarrass)，he walked onto the stage. 5．There are various (vary) approaches to the center，where experts will try to make twins distinguished (distinguish). 6．When learning his friend had moved to a slightly (slight) larger house，the cyclist wandered around，depressed and full of anger (angry). 7．The light of the setting sun shone on the boys，witnessing (witness) the start of a new friendship. 8．Richard wondered and approached the spot，staring (stare) with shock at a water bottle and a small pink helmet lying nearby. 固定用法和搭配 There are three 1.components (component) in any face­to­face communication: words，tone of voice，and body language. It is said that most of what we communicate with others is nonverbal. So when you interact 2.with people，it is appropriate 3.to perceive (perceive) the message conveyed by 4.gestures (gesture). You can not succeed in business and social encounters if you do not employ body language 5.appropriately (appropriate). For example，staring at someone too long can 6.be interpreted (interpret) as a threat，and standing too close to others can be considered 7.embarrassing (embarrass). Touching your neck when talking to others probably 8.demonstrates (demonstrate) that you feel nervous and lack confidence. Sometimes body language speaks 9.louder (loud) than words. 熟词生义 1．(2023·新课标Ⅰ卷，完形填空)Although the two young women were strangers before the meet，they've since become friends. n．体育比赛，运动会 2．He employed an appropriate method to solve the problem.vt.运用， 使用 3．Then we realized that the spray had only angered him even more. vt.使发怒 [短语和句型] [对应学生用书P157] break down 消除；分解；打破； (机器)损坏； (谈判、计划等)失败；破裂；(身体)垮掉 break away (from) 挣脱(束缚)；脱离 break up　驱散；分散；打碎；分手 break into　闯入 break out　爆发；发生 break through　取得突破；克服 [练透]　猜测加黑词break down的含义/完成句子 ①The peace talks broke down with no agreement reached. (谈判)失败 ②If Tom carries on working like this，he will break down sooner or later. (身体)垮掉 ③I was halfway across Indiana headed home to Kentucky when my car broke down.(机器)损坏、出故障(2024·九省联考) ④Because of the conflict，the relationship between the two countries has broken down. 破裂 ⑤如果你想消除误会，你应该当面向她道歉。 If you want to break down the misunderstanding，you should apologise to her face to face. 句型：部分否定 (1)部分否定：当all，both，each，everybody，everyone，everything，always，whole，entirely等具有总括意义的代词、形容词和副词与否定副词not连用时，构成了部分否定，意为“不是……都；并非……都”。 (2)全部否定：neither，no one，no，none，never，nothing，no more，no longer，no way，not...any等表示否定意义的词(组)与肯定式谓语一起使用时，构成“全部否定”。 教材原句：Of course，not everyone who looks up is paying attention in class. 当然，不是每个抬头看的学生都在专心听讲。 [练透]　完成句子 ①两个申请人都得到这份工作是不可能的，因为不是两个人都适合这份工作。 It's impossible for both the applicants to get the job，because not both of them are fit for the jobs． ②汤姆邀请杰克和彼得和他一起去野餐，但是他们两个都不想去，因为他们有工作要做。(2022·全国乙卷，书面表达) Tom asks Jack and Peter to go on a picnic with him，but neither of them want(s) to，because they have work to do. ③通过以上图表，可以看出并非所有学生都采用同一种方法学英语。 According to the above graph，it can be seen that not all of the students adopt the same approach to learning English． 句型：while引导让步状语从句 (1)“虽然；尽管”，引导让步状语从句表示转折，不能与but连用，但可与yet/still连用。 (2)“当……的时候；在……时”，引导时间状语从句，状语从句的省略形式为while doing/done。 (3)并列连词“然而”，表示前后分句的对比。 教材原句：While it is easy to perceive when students are interested，bored，or distracted，it is sometimes much harder to distinguish when students are troubled. 尽管学生们何时(对讲课)感兴趣、何时感到无聊或精力不集中是容易察觉的，但要发现学生何时有困扰有时会难得多。 [练透]　猜测加黑词while的含义/完成句子 ①50% of the students watch English movies while only 18% read English books. 然而(表示对比转折)(2022·全国乙卷，书面表达) ②After a while，the boy hung his head in shame，with the color flooding his cheeks. (读后续写之神态描写) 一会儿 ③While making the kits，I realized that I had lost sight of the true meaning behind it. 在……时(2021·北京卷) ④尽管学生们来自不同的国家，但是他们在夏令营相处得非常好。 While the students came from different countries，they got on quite well in the summer camp. 单句语法填空/完成句子/词汇、句式升级 1．With some encouragement from my colleagues，I had one of my poems published (publish). 2．While riding (ride) his bike home on a cold night，he came across a sad­looking elderly woman wandering the streets by herself. 3．A week before Earth Day，posters were put up around our school，calling (call) on us to join in the activity for a greener earth. 4．既尴尬又愧疚，他低下头，站在那里，一动不动。 Embarrassed and ashamed，he lowered his head and stood there，motionless. 5．You can get used to the life in Beijing soon only by learning some basic Chinese ahead of time. →Only by learning some basic Chinese in advance can you adjust yourself to the life in Beijing soon. 固定搭配和句式 根据提示，运用本单元的词汇、短语及句式或使用词汇的正确形式完成下面的语篇。 Body language is as important as words in interacting with others. 1.In other words (换言之)，2.what's widely accepted in a country can not be approved of (在一个国家被广泛接受的东西可能不被认可) in other countries around the world. It is crucial to recognise that 3.body language differs in various cultures (肢体语言在不同的文化中是不同的). Meanwhile，it is also appropriate to “do in Rome as the Romans do”. For instance，the gesture for “OK” in many cultures can imply “money” in Japan or “zero” in France. 4.By contrast (相比之下)，making such a gesture in Brazil or Germany is considered rude. 5．It is obvious that some body language is shared by all cultures (很明显，有些肢体语言是所有文化共有的). For instance，6.waving (wave) one's hand while seeing your friend off means “good­bye”，and 7.smiling often gets people through difficult situations (微笑可以帮助人们渡过难关). [对应学生用书P159] 　应用文写作运用 求助信——适应高中新环境 Ⅰ.利用本单元所学知识完成/翻译句子 1．我写信请你帮忙。 I am writing to ask you a favour． 2．我几乎崩溃了，因为我不知道如何适应高中的新环境。 I have almost broken down，as I don't know how to adjust(myself)to the new surroundings in senior high school． 3．我每天忙于做作业，因此我必须放弃我的从打篮球到弹钢琴不等的爱好。 I am occupied in doing my homework every day，so I must give up my hobbies, varying from playing basketball to playing the piano． 4．尽管我努力学习，我仍然跟不上其他人。 While I study hard，I still can't keep up with others． 5．如果你能给我一些实用的建议，我将非常感激，我期待你的早日回复。 I would appreciate it if you could give me some practical advice and I'm looking forward to your early reply． Ⅱ.使用恰当的过渡衔接词连句成篇 Dear John， Yours， Li Hua 【参考范文】 Dear John， I am writing to ask you a favour.I have almost broken down，as I don't know how to adjust (myself)to the new surroundings in senior high school.In addition，I am occupied in doing my homework every day，so I must give up my hobbies，varying from playing basketball to playing the piano. What's worse，while I study hard，I still can't keep up with others. I would appreciate it if you could give me some practical advice and I'm looking forward to your early reply. Yours， Li Hua 　续写能力提升 情感 描写 ①anger n．愤怒；怒气 vt.使生气；激怒 ②anxiety n．焦虑；担心；害怕 ③embarrassed adj.难堪的；尴尬的 ④ashamed adj.羞愧；惭愧 动作 描写 ①bother vt.费心；(使)烦恼，(使)担心 ②lower vt.减少，降低 ③stare vi.盯着看；凝视，注视 ④bow vi.鞠躬，点头 vt.低(头) ⑤imply vt.意味着；暗示 ⑥bend vi.&vt.弯腰；使弯曲 ⑦weep vt.(通常因悲伤)哭泣，流泪 ⑧break down；消除；分解；打破 请从以上语料中选择合适的词汇，完成以下语段并背诵该语段。 A girl riding a bike knocked down an old grandma. The girl didn't bother to help her up but 1.blamed her in anger (愤怒地责备她). Then the girl rode away. A moment later，the girl found her sports shoes on the backseat missing. To her surprise，the old grandma 2.was waiting for her with great anxiety (正焦急万分地在等她). 3.So ashamed and embarrassed was the girl that she lowered her head and stared at the ground (女孩是如此羞愧、尴尬以至于她低着头，盯着地面)，feeling the blood rush to her face. 4.The girl finally broke down and wept without control (女孩终于崩溃了，止不住地哭起来). The old grandma bent forward and stroked her head gently. 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$