主题语境24 社会热点问题-【创新教程】2025年高考英语总复习大一轮课时作业word（英语话题）

主题语境24　社会热点问题 Ⅰ.阅读理解 A shocking news report has revealed that more than one in five species of maple trees faces extinction, warning that 75% of the threatened species are “geographically restricted” in their native regions. The trees are experiencing a vast decline in habitat, due to urban development, wood harvesting and agricultural expansion. Time is running out for the world's biodiversity. Every recent survey of plants and animals in the wild points to this. This is happening nearly everywhere rarer maples exist. And because of climate change, the narrow habitats that support species at the edges of dry places and at the tops of mountains are quickly disappearing. The trees can be found in subtropical and tropical regions, as far south as Indonesia. The only species found in the UK, the field maple is not under threat. Not only are the trees a popular attractive feature in parks and public spaces, but they are a key part of the natural ecosystem in woodlands, as well as being an important wood crop in several countries. Although the sugar maple in North America, which produces maple juice, is not endangered, two of the closest relatives to the species are endangered. The report notes that conserving at­risk species in their natural habitat is the best conservation tactic. But collections in botanical gardens and seed banks—called ‘ex situ collections’ can act as insurance policies against extinction. There are currently 14 species of maple, including four that are critically endangered, which are absent from these types of collections. One species in Mexico, the Acer binzayedii, is in “desperate need of conservation” despite only being discovered in 2017.“It is at risk from climate change in its cloud forest habitat and threatened by logging and forest fires while it is also absent from ‘ex situ collections’，”the report adds. The report recommends developing conservation plans, monitoring species currently not at risk to ensure populations are maintained, and adding those missing maple species to seed banks. 1．What is Paragraph 2 mainly about? A．Action to protect maple trees. B．The dangerous situation of maple trees. C．Various maple trees' habitats in the world. D．The conditions for diversity in maple trees. 2．What do the field maple and the sugar maple have in common? A．They cannot produce juice. B．They are found in America. C．They are not at risk of extinction. D．They have two endangered relatives. 3．What does the underlined word “tactic” in Paragraph 4 probably mean? A．Topic.　　　　　 B．Approach. C．Result. D．Conclusion. 4．What's the main purpose of the report? A．To offer a proposal. B．To recommend a product. C．To introduce maple species. D．To warn people of disasters. [语篇解读]　本文是一篇新闻报道。一则令人震惊的新闻报道显示，超过五分之一的枫树物种面临灭绝，并警告说，75%的受威胁物种在其原生地受到“地理限制”。文章介绍了枫树濒临灭绝的原因和保护策略。 1．B　[段落大意题。根据第二段“The trees are experiencing a vast decline in habitat, due to urban development, ...the narrow habitats that support species at the edges of dry places and at the tops of mountains are quickly disappearing.”可知，该段主要讲了由于城市的发展，伐木业和农业的扩张，枫树面临生长地正在急剧减少的危险处境。] 2．C　[细节理解题。根据第三段中“The only species found in the UK, the field maple is not under threat. ...Although the sugar maple in North America, which produces maple juice, is not endangered, two of the closest relatives to the species are endangered.”可知，作为在英国发现的唯一一种野枫树，它并没有受到威胁；生产枫汁的北美糖枫并没有濒临灭绝，两者的共同之处是它们都没有灭绝的危险。] 3．B　[词义猜测题。根据画线词上文“The report notes that conserving at­risk species in their natural habitat is the best conservation”以及后文“But collections in botanical gardens and seed banks—called ‘ex situ collections’ can act as insurance policies against extinction.”可知，物种收集可以作为防止物种灭绝的保险策略。故tactic意为“策略；方法”，与approach意思一致。] 4．A　[写作目的题。根据最后一段中“The report recommends developing conservation plans, monitoring species currently not at risk to ensure populations are maintained, and adding those missing maple species to seed banks.”可推知，该报告的主要目的是提出建议。] Ⅱ.语法填空 (2024·湖南株洲市高三质检)阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Resources satellites mainly take on the jobs of observing the earth, including the land areas and the oceans, and 1.________(call) “photographers in space”. With the multispectral (多光谱的) remote sensors loaded on the satellites, humans can not only survey resources but also forecast natural disasters. Resources satellites can even see through the earth, exploring mineral resources and historical 2.________(site) that cannot be observed by our eyes. China Center for Resources Satellite Data and Application 3.________(be) the largest land observing satellite data center in China. Located in Haidian district in Beijing, it operates and manages 19 satellites, processing and distributing the satellite data. 4.________monitoring natural resources and urban planning, its another task is to use satellite images 5.________(support) disaster relief. When a disaster happens, the staff will immediately apply the satellites, obtaining clear images in 6.________(respond) to the disaster. So far, the center has obtained images of disasters including the floods in India, the MH370 disappearance, 7.________ the forest fires in Australia. Such satellite images are offered to other countries free of charge, thus 8.________(provide) timely support for disaster assessment and relief. China's space industry has always been committed to enhancing human understanding of the earth, 9.________can better promote human development. One day, when we look up at the sky, we may find that many satellites in 10.________ vast universe are looking back at us. [语篇解读]　本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了中国航天事业取得的巨大进展。 1．are called　[考查动词的时态和语态。分析句子，设空处和上文take on是并列的谓语动词，句子表述客观事实故使用一般现在时。同时主语Resources satellites与call之间是被动关系，故使用一般现在时的被动语态。故填are called。] 2．sites　[考查名词的单复数。分析句子，设空处使用名词作宾语，site为名词，意为“遗迹，景点”。此处表示复数的意义。故填sites。] 3．is　[考查动词的时态和主谓一致。分析句子，设空处使用动词作谓语，此处表述客观事实，故使用一般现在时。句子的主语China Center for Resources Satellite Data and Application为单数。故填is。] 4．Besides　[考查介词。句意：除了监督自然资源和城市规划，它的另一项任务是使用卫星图像支持救灾，表示“除……外(还)”用besides。同时该空置于句首，首字母要大写。故填Besides。] 5．to support　[考查非谓语动词。句中use sth. to do为固定句型，意为“使用……去做”。故填to support。] 6．response　[考查词性转换。分析句子，设空处使用respond的名词作宾语，in response to为固定短语，意为“应对”。故填response。] 7．and　[考查连词。分析句子，the MH370 disappearance和 the forest fires in Australia构成并列结构，此处表示并列关系，应用并列连词连接。故填and。] 8．providing　[考查非谓语动词。分析句子，句中are offered为谓语动词，设空处使用非谓语动词，images和provide之间为主动关系，此处使用动词­ing形式作状语。故填providing。] 9．which　[考查定语从句。分析句子，设空处引导的是非限制性定语从句。引导词在从句中作主语，指代前文的“中国航天事业始终致力于增进人类对地球的了解”的这一事实。故填which。] 10．the　[考查冠词。分析句子，设空后vast universe为名词，意为“浩瀚的宇宙”，其为名词。此处表示唯一性，故用定冠词。故填the。] Ⅲ.读后续写 (2024·江苏镇江高三期末)阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。 An unexpected change on the road It was a damp evening in September 2013 when I landed in Kuching, the capital city of Sarawak in Malaysia. I was a 19­year­old Dubai­raised kid away from home for the first time to start my undergraduate studies in mechanical engineering. Alone and homesick, the wet welcome I received at the airport didn't make me feel any better. I had never travelled alone before and the seven­hour flight from Dubai was the longest flight I had ever taken. I pushed my luggage and headed to the airport exit to find a grey van with the name of my university on it. My ride, I assumed, and I was right. As we left the airport, the driver began talking to me; he told me that I was the last of the new students he had to pick up that day. He shared information with me about the city and its people and what I should see and do. As I am a driving enthusiast myself, we started talking about cars and driving in Dubai and his accounts of driving in Kuching. “Never make a Sarawakian angry” he warned. “No road rage (路怒). Very dangerous！” He then went on to list his experiences of road rage and by the time he had finished, I had made up my mind to be very passive on the roads. Not long into our journey, the lights of the car behind flashed at us. This continued more aggressively and my driver started to panic. We pulled over to the roadside in a well­lit area. My heart was pounding but I tried to put on a brave face as the man from the car emerged and made his way to my side of the van. As he reached my window, I lowered it and tried to force a smile. He reached into the van and I let out a loud “Whoa (used to tell someone to become calmer)！” 注意： 1．续写词数应为150左右； 2．请按如下格式在相应位置作答。 Then I looked down at his hands to see that he was holding a travel bag.________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________ With a sigh of relief, I took my bag and thanked this stranger.________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________ [参考范文] Then I looked down at his hands to see that he was holding a travel bag. “Is it yours? I've found it at the airport and tried to catch up with you.” the man said. I opened the bag and it contained my passport, return tickets, as well as cash and letters for the university. I had left it behind on the trolley at the airport and this man had been trying to return it to me. At this moment, I realized that we had wronged him completely. With a sigh of relief, I took my bag and thanked this stranger. The stranger's friendly smile put me at ease. I imagined the horrible scenario had he not returned it. When we arrived, the driver wished me luck with my university studies and drove away. These acts of kindness instantly cheered me up and thanks to this honest stranger, the initial self­doubt I had about my decision to study so far away from home was replaced with hope and excitement. 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$