主题语境16 绘画、建筑等领域的代表性作品和人物-【创新教程】2025年高考英语总复习大一轮课时作业word（英语话题）

主题语境16　绘画、建筑等领域的代表性作品和人物 Ⅰ.阅读理解 A Asia is the birthplace of the world's three ancient civilizations：ancient China, ancient India and Babylon. Each gave the world different architectural styles and global landmarks, such as the Great Wall of China. Taj Mahal of India.With the conclusion of the Conference on Dialogue of Asian Civilization, let's take a look at the architecture of Asian civilizations. The Great Wall of China The Great Wall of China is an ancient defense project with the longest construction time and the largest workload put into a landmark, stretching out to a total length of more than 5,000 kilometers. Only when you have been to the Great Wall and witnessed its majesty can you truly say you have visited China. Angkor Wat，Cambodia The Angkor Wat in Cambodia is one of the largest religious monuments in the world，built on a site measuring 162.6 hectares. It was built by the Khmer King Suryavarman Ⅱ in the early 12th century in Yasodharapura(present­day Angkor)，the capital of the Khmer Empire, as his state temple and eventual mausoleum(陵墓)． Taj Mahal, India The Taj Mahal is an ivory­white marble mausoleum on the south bank of the river Yamuna in the Indian city of Agra.It was commissioned in 1632 by Mughalemperor Shah to house the tomb of his favorite wife, Mumtaz Mahal. The Taj Mahal was designated a UNESCO World Heritage Site in 1983 for being “the jewel of Muslim art in India and one of the universally admired masterpieces of the world's heritage”． Al­Khazneh, Jordan Al­Khazneh, also known as the Treasury, is one of the most delicate temples in the ancient Arab Nabataean Kingdom city of Petra，Jordan. The 45­meter­high and 30­meter­wide building is a magnificent building with a pronounced Greek style. It is said to have been a place where pirates hid their treasure. 1．What is special about the Great Wall compared with the others in the article? A．It is the longest man­made project in the world. B．It was listed in the UNESCO world Heritage Site. C．It was used as a defense project in the ancient China. D．It used to be used as a religious purpose in China. 2．Which of the following is one of the largest religious monuments? A．The Angkor Wat. B．The Taj Mahal. C．Al­Khazneh. D．The Treasury. 3．Which of the landmarks has been affected by the Greek culture? A．The Great Wall. B．The Angkor Wat. C．The Taj Mahal. D．Al­Khazneh. [语篇解读]　本文是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了四处亚洲文明的建筑。 1．C　[细节理解题。根据The Great Wall of China部分中“The Great Wall of China is an ancient defense project with the longest construction time”可知，中国的长城在古代是一项防御工程。] 2．A　[细节理解题。根据Angkor Wat, Cambodia部分中“The Angkor Wat in Cambodia is one of the largest religious monuments in the world, built on a site measuring 162.6 hectares.”可知，吴哥窟是世界上最大的宗教遗迹之一。] 3．D　[细节理解题。根据Al­Khazneh, Jordan部分中“The 45­meter­high and 30­meter­wide building is a magnificent building with a pronounced Greek style.”可知，卡兹尼神殿受到希腊建筑风格的影响。] B Linda Brown is a softly­spoken realtor (房地产经纪人) with a passion for helping the homeless. She's moving mountains by combining her understanding of real estate (房地产) with her kindness­fueled determination to create beautiful permanent homes for disabled homeless people in her community. In 2020, Mrs. Brown was awarded the Good Neighbor Award. This honor is initiated by The National Association of Realtors in the US. As its website details, working alongside her husband, Dr. David Brown, she has been transforming abandoned mobile homes into villages of tiny homes that offer permanent housing for homeless people who're disabled. The wish to help homeless people, and restore their dignity and self­worth, as Mrs. Brown explains, had been a joint mission for some years. As local blogger Aaron Nichols shares, the couple ran a local evening drop­in center for local homeless people called Gardening Tree, for almost a decade. This functioned as a shelter where people experiencing homelessness could grab a bite, shower, do laundry and relax. But they wanted to do more than that. With local individual organizations' help, the couple succeeded in raising almost $5 million, which enabled them to transform unused mobile homes and a deserted trailer park into a small village of tiny homes that opened in 2018.They named the shelter “Eden Village”． As Mrs. Brown revealed in her award acceptance speech about her journey to creating Eden Village, helping homeless people is something personal, “I watched as my homeless friends walked off into the darkness to a hidden, wet and cold camp while we went home to a warm bed. I had to do something.” Today, Eden Village includes a 4,000­square­foot community center offering cooking and laundry facilities, as well as a medical center and community gardens. Additionally, more sites are being developed thanks to the land donated to the nonprofit founded by the Browns. Eden Village 2 and 3 are at the planning stage. In the next six years, Mrs. Brown hopes to create five similar villages housing up to 200 people experiencing homelessness. 4．How does the author introduce the couple's devotion to helping the homeless? A．By mentioning local realtors' praise. B．By referring to related online descriptions. C．By recording homeless people's evaluations. D．By detailing their interaction with the homeless. 5．What else plays a role in building Eden Village besides the couple's devotion? A．Homeless people's requests. B．Official favorable policies. C．The support from the society. D．The prize from many associations. 6．Why is Mrs. Brown's award acceptance speech mentioned in Paragraph 5? A．To express her sympathy for her friends. B．To highlight the influence of the village. C．To show her sincere gratitude for the award. D．To give her reason for setting up the village. 7．What can we learn about the couple's project? A．It is still a concept. B．It keeps expanding. C．It is carried out globally. D．It lacks future plans. [语篇解读]　本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了Linda Brown和丈夫将废弃的移动房屋改造成小村庄，为无家可归的残疾人提供永久住房的故事。 4．B　[写作手法题。根据第二段的第三句“As its website details, working alongside her husband, Dr. David Brown, she has been transforming abandoned mobile homes into villages of tiny homes that offer permanent housing for homeless people who're disabled.”和第三段第二句“As local blogger Aaron Nichols shares, the couple ran a local evening drop­in center for local homeless people called Gardening Tree, for almost a decade.”可知，作者是通过引用网上对于Linda Brown夫妇的描述和评论来介绍这对夫妇对帮助无家可归者的奉献精神。] 5．C　[细节理解题。根据第四段的第二句“With local individual organizations' help, the couple succeeded in raising almost $5 million, which enabled them to transform unused mobile homes and a deserted trailer park into a small village of tiny homes that opened in 2018.”可知，除了这对夫妇的奉献，社会的帮助在Eden Village的建设中发挥了作用。] 6．D　[推理判断题。根据第五段中Linda Brown 所说的话“I watched as my homeless friends walked off into the darkness to a hidden, wet and cold camp while we went home to a warm bed. I had to do something.”可以推论出，第5段提到Mrs. Brown的获奖感言是为了说明她建立Eden Village的理由。] 7．B　[细节理解题。根据最后一段“Today, Eden Village includes a 4,000­square­foot community center offering cooking and laundry facilities, ...Mrs. Brown hopes to create five similar villages housing up to 200 people experiencing homelessness.”可知，这对夫妇的项目还在扩张中。] C We use a huge amount of single­use plastic each year—we buy one million plastic bottles each minute around the world. Plastic waste, a material that can take centuries or more to disappear, is causing irreparable damage to the planet. However, plastic waste generated in many countries typically ends up in open, uncontrolled landfills (垃圾填埋池)—most of which eventually enters the ocean either transported by wind or through waterways. Now, Nzambi Matee, a 29­year­old woman from Nairobi, Kenya, is dealing with this global crisis by recycling bags, containers, and other waste products into bricks used for construction projects. Before launching her company, Gjenge Makers, Matee worked as an oil­industry engineer. After encountering plastic waste along Nairobi's streets, she decided to quit her job and created a small lab, testing sand and plastic combinations. Matee eventually received a scholarship to study in the materials lab at the University of Colorado Boulder, where she ultimately developed a prototype (原型) for the machine that now produces the new bricks. Made from a combination of plastic and sand, the bricks have a melting point higher than 350°C and are more durable than concrete bricks. Matee and her team source much of the raw product from factories and recyclers, and sometimes it's free, which allows the company to reduce the price point on the product and make it more affordable for schools and homeowners. “There is waste that recyclers cannot process anymore. That is what we get，” Matee said. Her factory produces 1,500 bricks each day, made from a mix of different kinds of plastic. These are high­density polyethylene, used in milk and shampoo bottles; low­density polyethylene, often used for sandwich bags; and polypropylene, often used for ropes. But she does not work with polyethylene terephthalate or PET, commonly used for plastic bottles, which can be made into the same form easily again and again. The plastic waste is mixed with sand, heated and then pressed into bricks, which are sold at varying prices, depending on thickness and colour. 8．What does Paragraph 1 mainly focus on? A．Our irresponsible plastic waste treatment. B．The damage caused by plastic production. C．Our dependence on single­use plastic. D．The examples of single­use plastic. 9．What caused Matee to make the new bricks? A．Her job as an oil­industry engineer. B．Her determination to win a scholarship. C．Her awareness of Nairobi's plastic waste problem. D．Her lab project at the University of Colorado Boulder. 10．What are Matee's bricks like compared to traditional bricks? A．They take less time to make. B．They are cheaper and stronger. C．They have a higher melting point. D．They are thicker and more colourful. 11．Why do PET bottles fail to win Matee's favour? A．They are few in number. B．They are easy to recycle. C．They mix badly with sand. D．They take much energy to process. [语篇解读]　本文是一篇新闻报道。文章主要报道了肯尼亚青年企业家Nzambi Matee用难以回收的塑料废品制造出了坚固耐用、价格低廉的建筑用砖。 8．A　[段落大意题。第一段的前两句引出本段主题句(第三句)的内容。第一段的大意可理解为：虽然我们每年仅仅只使用一次一次性塑料制品，但它还是对我们的地球造成了不可修复的损害。并且，我们对其的处理方式还是欠妥当。However为语篇标记词，引出本段主要内容。另外，第一段第三句与第二段首句形成有机衔接，第二段首句中的this global crisis即指第一段第三句提到的“我们对其的处理方式还是欠妥当”的内容。] 9．C　[细节理解题。根据第二段中的“After encountering plastic waste along Nairobi's streets, she decided to quit her job and created a small lab, testing sand and plastic combinations.”可知，看到了内罗毕街道上遍布的塑料垃圾，Matee意识到自己所在城市的塑料垃圾问题，于是萌生出了用塑料和沙子制造新式砖的想法。] 10．B　[细节理解题。根据第三段中的“the bricks ... are more durable than concrete bricks”及“Matee and her team ... reduce the price point on the product and make it more affordable for schools and homeowners.”可知，这种新式砖比传统水泥砖更坚固耐用，且由于原料有时可免费获得，其造价也十分低廉。] 11．B　[推理判断题。根据倒数第二段中的“There is waste that recyclers cannot process anymore. That is what we get”及“But she does not work with polyethylene terephthalate or PET, commonly used for plastic bottles, which can be made into the same form easily again and again.”可知，PET瓶子很容易就能回收，而Matee致力于解决难以回收的塑料废品产生的问题，故PET瓶子没有成为Matee所在企业生产新式砖的原料。] D (2024·重庆市高三考试)As AI art generators(生成器)take the world by storm, some people wonder if their works should count as art at all. The technology is still developing and has some wrinkles to iron out, which means there are indeed flaws to consider alongside the incredible artwork a good artificial intelligence can produce. Art is classed as the product of imagination, skill, experience, and emotion, usually meant to represent something for the public to enjoy. Artists spent time and effort putting their inner worlds onto these works. Machine intelligence also puts a lot of work into sorting through tons of data, linking someone's prompt to datasets, and trying to represent it as best as possible. The difference is that the AI is driven by commands instead of an emotional desire to express itself. AI painters can produce over 1,000 original works of art with every tap of the enter key on a keyboard. But a mass­produced print of the Mona Lisa is worth less than the actual Leonardo da Vinci's painting. Why? Scarcity—there's only one of the original. Should anyone pay for these things? And if an artist puts AI masterpieces up for sale, what should the price be? AI art involves a program mimicking(模仿)the work of existing artists to create a new piece according to the request of a human. But who made the artwork, the machine or its user? And can the original artists sue for copyright(版权) violation? Such questions complicate the merging of artificial intelligence and the art industry, while fueling arguments against recognizing AI­generated art as marketable artistic products. Once we've answered those questions, we can tackle the really big one：When an AI­generated painting wins an award, who gets the prize? 12．What does the underlined word “flaws” in Paragraph 1 probably mean? A．Benefits.　　　 B．Advances. C．Weaknesses. D．Standards. 13．How is AI art different from human art? A．It is the product of experience. B．It costs less money to produce. C．It combines different styles of work. D．It is not a mirror of humans' emotions. 14．Why does the writer mention Mona Lisa in the third paragraph? A．To prove the popularity of classic artworks. B．To present the potential trouble with the value of AI art. C．To show the advantages of AI painters over human artists. D．To introduce a new way of preserving art masterpieces. 15．What can we infer from Paragraph 4? A．AI art promotes the sale of artistic products. B．AI art makes copyright issues more complicated. C．Artists can create more works with the help of AI. D．There will be fierce competition in the art industry. [语篇解读]　本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了随着 AI 艺术生成器席卷全球，引发了很多需要解决的问题。 12．C　[词义猜测题。根据首段中的划线单词前的“The technology is still developing and has some wrinkles to iron out，(这项技术仍在发展中，还有一些问题需要解决，)”可知，这项技术在不断发展的过程中，存在着很多的问题，划线单词为 which 引导的非限制性定语从句中的单词，对主句进行解释，由此可知，该单词的意思应是“瑕疵或者问题”。] 13．D　[细节理解题。根据第二段中的“The difference is that the AI is driven by commands instead of an emotional desire to express itself.(不同之处在于，AI 是由命令驱动的，而不是由表达自己的情感欲望驱动的。)”可知，人类艺术是表达自己的情感欲望，而AI则是靠程序驱动，由此可知， AI 艺术不是人类情感的反应。] 14．B　[写作手法题。根据第三段中的“AI painters can produce over 1,000 original works of art with every tap of the enter key on a keyboard. But a mass­produced print of the Mona Lisa is worth less than the actual Leonardo da Vinci's painting.”可知，AI 画家可以大规模生产原创作品，但是其创作的画作质量要低于达·芬奇的真迹，结合 下文中的问题“Why? Scarcity——there's only one of the original. Should anyone pay for these things? And if an artist puts AI masterpieces up for sale, what should the price be？”可知，AI 艺术创作引发很多问题，由此可以推断，作者提到《蒙娜丽莎》的目的是为了呈现AI艺术价值的潜在问题。] 15．B　[推理判断题。根据第四段中的“But who made the artwork, the machine or its user? And can the original artists sue for copyright(版权)violation? Such questions complicate the merging of artificial intelligence and the art industry, while fueling arguments against recognizing AI­generated art as marketable artistic products.”可知，这些问题使得 AI 与艺术产业的融合变得复杂，也助长了反对将AI创作的作品视为可销售艺术产品的争论，由此可推断，AI 艺术使得版权问题变得复杂。 ] Ⅱ.阅读七选五 (2024·江西高三模拟)In early February, an old stove with rich vivid images(zaotou painting)took center stage at a village Spring Festival gala in Haiyan County, Zhejiang Province____1____. They feature historical and legendary figures, animals and flowers, which are painted in bright colors and have a way of drawing attention from admiring viewers. Zaotou is a part of a kitchen stove in the shape of a square or rectangle, on which are some images showing the beauty of nature and humanity. 2____. In ancient time, villagers would hire bricklayers(瓦工)to build a mud stove in their new home and then painted pictures on a day of good fortune.____3____. They whitewashed(粉刷)the mud­made stove with lime­water, sketched out the patterns based on the shape of the stove, applied the final coat of paint and even created a three­dimensional effect. At first, simple tools had been used to produce such art, including a selection of brushes，rulers, and paint. With people's aesthetic appreciation growing, watercolors were used, mostly red, yellow and blue, the three auspicious(吉祥的)ones to the Chinese people.____4____.No matter what material is available, the stove painting is always symbolic and harbors good wishes for the owners. Now many people are devoted to the inheritance and popularization of zaotou painting and more and more support has been received from various sides including local authorities. ____5____. A．Zaotou painting has a history of at least 300 years B．Villagers were occupied in building zaotou for their houses C．Folk craftsmen painted to express their passions for life later on D．They all consist of a base and a body that embraces inserted pans E．Zaotou painting has been definitely greeting its new spring and hope F．Later new materials replaced watercolors to solve the color­fading problem G．The images represent people's respect to heroes and wishes for good fortune [语篇解读]　本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了灶头画的历史和发展情况。 1．G　[根据上文“In early February, an old stove with rich vivid images(zaotou painting)took center stage at a village Spring Festival gala in Haiyan County, Zhejiang Province.”可知，接下来要介绍的就是这些图像所代表的意义，G项“这些图像代表了人们对英雄的尊重和对好运的祝愿”符合题意。] 2．A　[根据下文“In ancient time, villagers would hire bricklayers (瓦工) to build a mud stove in their new home and then painted pictures on a day of good fortune.”可知，本段主要介绍的是灶头画的历史，A项“灶头画至少有300年的历史”符合题意。] 3．C　[根据下文“They whitewashed (粉刷) the mud­made stove with lime­water, sketched out the patterns based on the shape of the stove, applied the final coat of paint and even created a three­dimensional effect.”可知，这里要描述绘画工匠作画的过程，这里的they代指的是那些绘画工匠，C项“民间工匠绘画是为了表达他们对日后生活的热爱”符合题意。] 4．F　[根据上文“At first, simple tools had been used to produce such art, including a selection of brushes, rulers, and paint. ...ones to the Chinese people.”可知，这一段主要介绍的是绘画材料的演变过程，F项“后来，新材料取代了水彩，解决了褪色的问题”符合题意。] 5．E　[根据上文“Now many people are devoted to the inheritance and popularization of zaotou painting and more and more support has been received from various sides including local authorities.”可知，本段主要介绍的是灶头画如今的传承与发展，E项“灶头画无疑迎来了新的春天和希望”符合题意。] 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$