选择性必修第2册 Unit 4 Living with technology-【创新教程】2025年高考英语总复习大一轮课时作业word（译林版）

课时冲关20　Unit 4　Living with technology Ⅰ.阅读理解 主题语境：人与社会 体裁：说明文 话题：正在研发的新宇航服EEMU What will astronauts wear in the future? A brand­new spacesuit is developing. Called the Exploration Extravehicular Mobility Unit (EEMU), the spacesuit protects astronauts from the tough environment of the moon surface, which is quite different from that astronauts have been exploring for the past few decades in low Earth orbit. Progress on the suit has been disappointing. “The EEMU represents the first new spacesuit that NASA has developed in over 40 years，” George Nield, previously the associate administrator for commercial space transportation at the Federal Aviation Administration, said, “Now, it looks like things are on schedule.” Nield outlined the agency's plan to build five EEMU suits in the initial (最初的) group. One for design tests is almost done and should be completed in December. A second will be built for qualification tests and a third will be tested in orbit on the International Space Station. The final two suits of the set will walk on the moon in 2024 on a mission called Artemis 3. In addition to the main spacesuits, each astronaut will also require an internal cooling garment, and NASA has now completed the first prototype (原型) of that undergarment, according to Nield. And the agency also needs to upgrade the backpack­like Portable Life Support System astronauts carry to stay alive. Meanwhile, NASA got a sense of how the new suit will perform on the moon by testing the design underwater. Underwater, astronauts can get a feel for moving around in a spacesuit and using the tools they will operate during a spacewalk. Lately, NASA has been using the pool to study movements like collecting moon rock and dust and planting a flag in the moon surface. 1．What is the text mainly about? A．A new spacesuit is being developed. B．Astronauts will soon be sent to the moon. C．Movements on the moon are being studied. D．Astronauts are testing a new spacesuit on the moon. 2．What will the second EEMU suit be used for? A．Design tests. B．Qualification tests. C．Testing on the International Space Station. D．Walking on the moon. 3．What does the underlined word “upgrade” in Paragraph 4 mean? A．Invent.　　　　 B．Choose. C．Improve. D．Design. 4. Why did scientists test the suit underwater? A．To test its quality. B．To learn how to use it. C．To show its abilities. D．To see its performance. [语篇解读]　这是一篇说明文。文章讲述了NASA正在研发的一款新的宇航服EEMU。 1．A　[主旨大意题。由第一段“What will astronauts wear in the future? A brand­new spacesuit is developing. Called the Exploration Extravehicular Mobility Unit (EEMU), the spacesuit protects astronauts from the tough environment of the moon surface, which is quite different from that astronauts have been exploring for the past few decades in low Earth orbit.(宇航员将来会穿什么？一种全新的宇航服正在研制中。这种宇航服被称为the Exploration Extravehicular Mobility Unit (EEMU)，可以保护宇航员免受月球表面恶劣环境的影响，这与宇航员过去几十年在近地轨道上探索的环境截然不同。)”和下文关于该宇航服研发进展、五套宇航服EEMU套装的计划、其内部构造和水下测试该新宇航服的设计可知，文章讲述了NASA正在研发的一款新的宇航服EEMU。] 2．B　[细节理解题。由第三段中“A second will be built for qualification tests and a third will be tested in orbit on the International Space Station.(第二套将用于资格测试，第三套将在国际空间站的轨道上进行测试。)”可知，第二套EEMU套装的用途是资格测试。] 3．C　[词义猜测题。由第四段中“And the agency also needs to upgrade the backpack­like Portable Life Support System astronauts carry to stay alive.(该机构还需要更新宇航员携带的背包样便携式生命支持系统以维持生命。)”可知，also提示生命系统以前就有，现在是需要改进、提升，推测划线词是“提升”的意思。] 4．D　[细节理解题。由最后一段中“Meanwhile, NASA got a sense of how the new suit will perform on the moon by testing the design underwater.(与此同时，美国国家航空航天局通过在水下测试新设计的宇航服，了解了它在月球上的表现。)”可知，科学家要在水下测试这套宇航服是因为想看看它的表现。] Ⅱ.七选五 主题语境：人与社会 体裁：说明文 话题：一些人工智能无法做到的工作 (2024·福建模拟)A March 2023 report from Goldman Sachs estimated that AI could do a quarter of all the work currently done by humans. ____1____ It would not just happen to individuals, but it could be pretty systemic. 2____ There are still things AI isn't capable of. There are generally three categories that are probably going to be relatively secure in the foreseeable future. ____3____ That means you're not doing formulaic work, but generating new ideas. For example, in science, medicine and law, where your job is coming up with a new legal strategy or business strategy, there's going to continue to be a place for human beings. The second category is jobs that require complicated interpersonal relationships like nurses, business consultants and investigative journalists. These are jobs where you need a very deep understanding of people. ____4____ The third safe zone are jobs that really require lots of mobility and problem­solving ability in unpredictable environments. Electricians, plumbers, and the like all fall under this umbrella, where you're dealing with a new situation all the time. They are probably the hardest of anything to automate. It's important to note that an advanced education is not a defence against AI takeover. In many cases, more educated workers are going to be more threatened than then even the least educated workers. ____5____ It's really hard to automate that job. In short, seeking roles in dynamic, shifting environments that include unpredictable tasks is a good way to avoid job loss to AI. A．And that could be terrible. B．Thankfully, it's not all bad news. C．The robots really are coming for some jobs. D．The first would be jobs that are genuinely creative. E．Think of the person that works cleaning hotel rooms. F．That doesn't necessarily mean all jobs that are considered “creative” are safe. G．It'll be a long time before AI has the ability to really build relationships and interact. [语篇解读]　本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍了一些人工智能无法做到的工作。 1．A　[上文“A March 2023 report from Goldman Sachs estimated that AI could do a quarter of all the work currently done by humans.(高盛集团2023年3月的一份报告估计，人工智能可以完成目前人类所做工作的四分之一。)”以及下文“ It would not just happen to individuals, but it could be pretty systemic.(这不仅会发生在个人身上，而且可能是相当系统性的。)”说明人工智能能够完成大约四分之一人类目前所做的工作，并且这可能是系统性的，A项中that指代上文提及的情况，A项“这可能太可怕了。”承上启下，符合题意。] 2．B　[上文“A March 2023 report from Goldman Sachs estimated that AI could do a quarter of all the work currently done by humans.(高盛集团2023年3月的一份报告估计，人工智能可以完成目前人类所做工作的四分之一。)”以及下文“There are still things AI isn't capable of.(还有一些事情是人工智能无法做到的。)”说明人工智能能够完成大约四分之一人类目前所做的工作，但还有一些事情人工智能无法做到，B项“谢天谢地，这并不全是坏消息。”承接上文内容，并引出下文较好的现象，符合题意。] 3．D　[上文“There are generally three categories that are probably going to be relatively secure in the foreseeable future.(在可预见的未来，通常有三类可能相对安全。)”说明在未来，通常有三类工作可能相对安全，D项“首先是真正有创造力的工作。”介绍一类工作，承接上文，并引出之后两段的另外两种工作，符合题意。] 4．G　[上文“The second category is jobs that require complicated interpersonal relationships like nurses, business consultants and investigative journalists. These are jobs where you need a very deep understanding of people.(第二类是需要复杂人际关系的工作，如护士、商业顾问和调查记者。在这些工作中，你需要对人有非常深入的了解。)”说明第二类工作相对安全是因为它们需要对人有深入的了解，G项“人工智能还需要很长时间才能真正建立关系和互动。”进一步解释第二类工作可能不受人工智能威胁的原因，符合题意。] 5．E　[上文“In many cases, more educated workers are going to be more threatened than then even the least educated workers.(在许多情况下，受教育程度更高的工人将比受教育程度最低的工人受到更大的威胁。)”E项“想想那个打扫酒店房间的人吧。”举例说明具体的不需要高学历的工作，下文“It's really hard to automate that job.(要使那项工作自动化真的很难。)”中It指代空处提及的工作，说明使酒店打扫工作自动化很难，即受到人工智能的威胁小，E项承上启下，符合题意。] Ⅲ.读后续写 主题语境：人与社会 体裁：记叙文 话题：乐观面对未来 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。 My life hadn't been going well during that cold winter. I had been out of work for quite a while. With many bills to pay off, my wife argued with me now and then. Feeling desperate, I decided to go back to my hometown about 400 kilometers away for a visit. It had been 15 years since I left there. I set off on a cloudy afternoon. With the night falling, the wind was blowing hard and it even began to snow. Suddenly, I had a flat tire (轮胎) and my car was out of control. Bad luck! I managed to pull over the car. Taking out the spare tire and some tools from the trunk, I got down to changing it. However, my hands and feet were nearly frozen, so I couldn't finish the work before dark. I couldn't help wondering how to survive such a tough situation. On a rural road and on such a snowy night, I didn't expect anyone to pass by and lend me a hand. I attempted to call a repairman, but my phone was out of service. Feeling hungry and frozen, I could do nothing but take a chance — walking a little farther to see if there would be any cottage. After a long walk, an old wooden house with a dim (昏暗的) light came into sight. It turned out to be a small restaurant! As I entered, an elderly lady greeted me with a big smile. It was closing time, but after learning my situation, she was willing to help. She offered me a cup of hot milk and some dishes. From what she said I knew that she stayed here to run this restaurant and take care of her little grandson while his parents were working in the city. The business didn't work out well, so they lived a tough life. I felt great sympathy for her. To my great surprise, she said I could sleep in her son's room overnight. I thanked her and went upstairs. 注意： 1．续写词数应为150左右； 2．续写故事的开头已给出。 During the night, I could hardly fall asleep. ________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________ The next morning, it turned out to be sunny.___________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________ [参考范文] During the night, I could hardly fall asleep. The wind was so heavy that it seemed as if the old wooden house were to collapse. I couldn't help wondering when the snowstorm would come to an end. At midnight, I heard the boy crying and the grandma singing a nursery song gently to comfort him. She whispered to him, saying that spring was coming and his mom would be home. Though leading a tough life, she was optimistic about the future. Hearing this, I was deeply encouraged. The next morning, it turned out to be sunny. Before leaving, I paid the grandma, but she rejected it. I expressed my gratitude and secretly put some money in the bed. Back to where my car had been, I surprisingly found that someone had fixed the tire for me. When I was about to leave, my wife called to tell me how she had been worried about me. I also received an e­mail, telling me to start work the next Monday. On my way home, I recalled the grandma's words, full of confidence again. 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$