必修第3册 Unit 2 Natural disasters-【创新教程】2025年高考英语总复习大一轮课时作业word（译林版）

课时冲关10　Unit 2　Natural disasters Ⅰ.阅读A 主题语境：人与自然 体裁：记叙文 话题：飓风到来那天发生的事情 Mrs.Timms listened as the radio announcer gave a hurricane (飓风) warning for her town. Then she woke up her sons, Eddie and Jasper, and quickly explained, “We've got a lot to do, boys.There is no school today, and my office is closed. The hurricane is coming”！ Just then, the boys' grandfather arrived from his seaside home.Grandpa explained that the local government had told people to evacuate their homes by the sea.It just wasn't safe for anyone to stay near the ocean during the hurricane. Soon afterwards, Mrs.Timms left to buy supplies that the family would need during the storm. Batteries, bottled water and canned food were a few of the items on her list. Grandpa stayed with the boys，and the three of them made preparations for the storm.First, they filled the bathtub and all the empty water bottles they could find. Next, they unplugged(拔掉插头)almost everything in the house.Then，Eddie helped Grandpa strengthen the windows.Meanwhile, Jasper put the outdoor chairs inside. Later, as the storm approached, the family stayed in protected areas away from the windows and outside walls.Mrs.Timms and Grandpa moved chairs to a protected space near the staircase.Eddie and Jasper sat under a strong table next to them, reading and playing games.They waited for the radio announcer to declare that the hurricane had passed. 1．What did Mrs.Timms do after hearing the hurricane warning? A．She went to work. B．She woke up her sons. C．She prepared breakfast. D．She watched the hurricane. 2．The underlined word “evacuate” in Paragraph 2 means________. A．lock　　　　　 B．reach C．repair D．leave 3．While Eddie helped Grandpa strengthen the windows, Jasper________. A．filled the bathtub B．turned off the lights C．put the outdoor chairs inside D．sat under a strong table 4．What could be the best title for the text? A．A Happy Family B．A Seaside House C．The Damage of the Hurricane D. The Day of the Hurricane [语篇解读]　本文是一篇记叙文。讲述的是飓风到来的那天所发生的事情。 1．B　[细节理解题。根据第一段第一、二句“Mrs. Timms listened as the radio announcer gave a hurricane (飓风) warning for her town.Then she woke up her sons，”可知，Mrs.Timms听到飓风警报后她把儿子们叫醒了。] 2．D　[词义猜测题。根据第二段中“Grandpa explained that the local government had told people to evacuate their homes by the sea. It just wasn't safe for anyone to stay near the ocean during the hurricane.”爷爷解释说，当地政府已经通知人们从海边撤离。飓风期间，任何人待在海边都是不安全的。由此推知划线词的意思是“离开，撤退”。] 3．C　[细节理解题。根据第四段中“Then，Eddie helped Grandpa strengthen the windows.Meanwhile, Jasper put the outdoor chairs inside.”可知，当Eddie帮爷爷加固窗户时，Jasper把户外的椅子放在里面。] 4．D　[主旨大意题。纵观全文，特别是根据第一段“Mrs. Timms listened as the radio announcer gave a hurricane (飓风) warning for her town. Then she woke up her sons, Eddie and Jasper, and quickly explained, ‘We've got a lot to do, boys. There is no school today, and my office is closed.The hurricane is coming’！”可知，本文讲述的是飓风到来的那天所发生的事情。] 阅读B 主题语境：人与自然 体裁：说明文 话题：救援鼠被应用于地震救援 Some intelligent African giant rats are helping humans save lives through search and rescue missions while wearing tiny backpacks. A British research scientist, Dr. Kean is training 170 rats to be sent into earthquake ruins to do vital work in finding earthquake survivors. These rescue rats are equipped with tiny backpacks that contain microphones, video cameras, and location trackers. These tools will allow the rescue teams to communicate with earthquake survivors in real­time. Dr. Kean expressed how the rescue rats are ideal for this type of work, saying, “Rats would be able to get into small spaces to get victims buried in the ruins.” The highly clever rats are skillful at surviving in different environments and their natural agility (敏捷) makes them ideal for use in hard­to­navigate disaster zones. The rescue rats are even being trained to respond to the sound that call them back. Dr. Kean's team work together with the non­profit organization APOPO for their “Hero Rats” project. These “Hero Rats” are set to start working with a search and rescue team in Turkey, joining earthquake rescue efforts in the high­risk area. The group of 170 rats is being trained for additional projects involving landmines, tuberculosis (结核病), and even smelling out Brucellosis, an infectious disease that impacts farm animals. Dr. Kean feels hopeful about her project's promising results and is excited that her team is the only organization in this field working with this species. 5．What can the rescue rats do? A．Give response to victims. B．Operate devices and tools. C．Seek those trapped in ruins. D．Communicate with survivors. 6．What is the third paragraph mainly about? A．The wide use of the rescue rats. B．The advantages of the rescue rats. C．The danger that the rescue rats face. D．The living environments of the rescue rats. 7．What is Dr. Kean's attitude to the “Hero Rats” project? A．Uncaring.　　　　　 B．Positive. C．Cautious. D．Doubtful. 8．What is the purpose of the project? A．To train hero rats for rescue tasks. B．To present the nature of giant rats. C．To prove the intelligence of African rats. D．To try out new equipment on specific rats. [语篇解读]　这是一篇说明文。主要介绍了救援鼠应用于地震救援工作中。 5．C　[细节理解题。根据第二段“A British research scientist, Dr. Kean is training 170 rats to be sent into earthquake ruins to do vital work in finding earthquake survivors. (作为一名英国研究科学家，基恩博士正在训练170只老鼠，让它们被送到地震废墟中，以完成寻找地震幸存者的重要工作。)”可知，这些救援鼠用来寻找被困在废墟中的人。] 6．B　[主旨大意题。根据第三段“Dr. Kean expressed how the rescue rats are ideal for this type of work(Kean博士表示，救援鼠是这类工作的理想选择)”以及“The highly clever rats are skillful at surviving in different environments and their natural agility (敏捷) makes them ideal for use in hard­to­navigate disaster zones.(这些非常聪明的老鼠擅长在不同的环境中生存，它们天生的敏捷性使它们非常适合在难以驾驭的灾区使用。)”可知，本段主要介绍老鼠救援的优势条件。] 7．B　[推理判断题。根据最后一段“ Dr. Kean feels hopeful about her project's promising results and is excited that her team is the only organization in this field working with this species.(Kean博士对她的项目取得的前景光明的结果感到充满希望，并为她的团队是该领域唯一一个与该物种合作的组织而感到兴奋。)”可知，Kean博士对此项目持积极态度。] 8．A　[细节理解题。根据最后一段“These ‘Hero Rats’ are set to start working with a search and rescue team in Turkey, joining earthquake rescue efforts in the high­risk area. The group of 170 rats is being trained for additional projects involving landmines, tuberculosis (结核病), and even smelling out Brucellosis, an infectious disease that impacts farm animals.(这些‘英雄老鼠’将开始与土耳其的搜索和救援团队合作，加入高风险地区的地震救援工作，170只老鼠正在接受额外项目的培训，这些项目涉及地雷、结核病，甚至是布氏杆菌病，一种影响农场动物的传染病。)”可知，这个项目主要是为了训练老鼠救援。] Ⅱ.完形填空 主题语境：人与自然 体裁：记叙文 话题：在大火中救出主人的猎犬 Lucky, a blackandwhite Boston Bull Terrier, had been owned by a man, Fred, who had a mental disorder that required him to take medicine. This ____1____ made him sleep quite deeply, so Fred only took it at bedtime. Lucky ____2____ by his side. One night, Fred ____3____ his medicine, went to bed and fell asleep. The house wiring shorted and caught the house on ____4____. Being under the medicine's power, Fred just ____5____ to sleep. Lucky barked and barked, but Fred didn't ____6____ him. Lucky wasn't a trained aid dog but just a special animal that ____7____ what to do. When Lucky realized Fred wasn't ____8____ up, he jumped into the middle of his chest and started licking his face. Fred finally woke up and ____9____ the house was on fire. He crawled out of the bedroom window. Once outside, Fred realized he had ____10____ his dog. He reached through the ____11____ and grabbed Lucky, pulling him to safety. After the fire, Fred had to move into an apartment where he couldn't have ____12____. So he placed Lucky with a friend of his with the intention that a good home should be ____13____ for him. My son and I saw an ad in the paper for a good home offering Lucky for ____14____， and called. We brought him home. We've ____15____ him for two years now, and he is four years old. Lucky inhaled (吸入)so much smoke the night of the fire that his bark will never be normal again. He sounds terrible, but he has the spirit of a lion. 1．A.illness　　　 B．medicine C．condition D．request 2．A.passed B．shouted C．worked D．slept 3．A.took B．lost C．tested D．ignored 4．A.fire B．sale C．time D．show 5．A.began B．stopped C．continued D．refused 6．A.feed B．like C．hear D．bear 7．A.admitted B．knew C．asked D．taught 8．A.giving B．waking C．looking D．opening 9．A.realized B．believed C．proved D．informed 10．A.aimed at B．thought of C．left behind D．brought up 11．A.wall B．door C．sheet D．window 12．A.kids B．pets C．friends D．noises 13．A.kept B．built C．decorated D．found 14．A.cure B．protection C．permission D．adoption 15．A.raised B．missed C．trained D．appreciated [语篇解读]　本文是记叙文。讲述了一只波士顿公牛猎犬Lucky在大火中救出了主人弗雷德，当弗雷德不能抚养他的时候，作者把他领养回家，尽管他的吠叫因为吸入太多的烟变得不再正常，但是他有狮子般的精神。 1．B　[考查名词词义辨析。句意：这种药物让他睡得很沉，因此弗雷德只在睡觉的时候服用。A.illness疾病；B.medicine药物；C.condition条件；D.request请求。根据上文“Fred, who had a mental disorder that required him to take medicine.”可知，弗雷德需要服用药物治疗精神紊乱。因此推断这种药物让他睡得很沉。] 2．D　[考查动词词义辨析。句意：Lucky睡在他的旁边。A.passed通过；B.shouted呼喊；C.worked工作；D.slept睡觉。根据上文“sleep quite deeply”可知，波士顿公牛猎犬Lucky睡在他身边。] 3．A　[考查动词词义辨析。句意：一天晚上，弗雷德服用了他的药，上床睡着了。A.took吃；喝；服(药)；B.lost 失去；C.tested考验；D.ignored忽视。根据上文“This ____1____ made him sleep quite deeply, so Fred only took it at bedtime.”可知，弗雷德服药后上床睡觉了。] 4．A　[考查名词词义辨析。句意：房子的电线短路了，房子着火了。A.fire火； B．sale销售；C.time时间；D.show展览。根据上文“The house wiring shorted”可知，电线短路点着了房子。on fire“着火”。] 5．C　[考查动词词义辨析。句意：在药物的作用下，弗雷德继续睡觉。A.began开始；B.stopped停止；C.continued 继续；D.refused拒绝。根据上文“Being under the medicine's power”可知，由于药物作用，房子着火后，弗雷德没有醒来，而是继续睡。] 6．C　[考查动词词义辨析。句意： Lucky一直吠叫，但是弗雷德听不见。A.feed喂养；B.like喜欢；C.hear听见；D.bear忍受。由下文“Fred finally woke up”可知，尽管Lucky一直叫，但是弗雷德没有听见。] 7．B　[考查动词词义辨析。句意：Lucky不是一只训练有素的援助犬，但却是一个知道做什么的特殊动物。A.admitted承认；B.knew知道；C.asked问，请；D.taught 教。 根据上文“Lucky wasn't a trained aid dog but just a special animal”可知，Lucky不是一只救援犬，但是知道做什么。] 8．B　[考查动词词义辨析。句意：当Lucky意识到弗雷德不能醒来时，就跳到他的胸口上，开始舔他的脸。 A．giving给；B.waking唤醒，醒；C.looking看；D.opening打开。根据下文“Fred finally woke up”可知，Lucky意识到Fred不能醒来。] 9．A　[考查动词词义辨析。句意：弗雷德终于醒了，意识到房子着火了 。A.realized意识到；B.believed相信；C.proved证明；D.informed告知。根据前半句可知，弗雷德最终醒来，因此意识到了房子着火了。] 10．C　[考查动词短语辨析。句意：到了外面，弗雷德意识到他把狗留下了。A.aimed at针对；目的在于；B.thought of想出；C.left behind留下，遗留；D.brought up教育，培养。根据下文“He reached through the ____11____ and grabbed Lucky, pulling him to safety.”可知，弗雷德从房子里救出他的狗，因此他把狗遗留在了房子里。] 11．D　[考查名词词义辨析。句意：他从窗户伸手抓住Lucky，把他拉到安全的地方。A.wall墙；B.door门；C.sheet纸，被单； D．window窗户。根据上文“He crawled out of the bedroom window.”可知，弗雷德从窗子里爬了出来，因此他通过窗子伸手进去救出了Lucky。] 12．B　[考查名词词义辨析。句意：火灾后，弗雷德不得不搬进一套他不能养宠物的公寓。A.kids孩子；B.pets宠物；C.friends朋友；D.noises噪音。根据下文“So he placed Lucky with a friend of his”可知，弗雷德搬去的公寓不能养宠物。] 13．D　[考查动词词义辨析。句意：所以他把Lucky寄托在他的一个朋友身上，目的是为他找到一个好的家庭。A.kept保持； B．built建立；C.decorated装饰；D.found找到。根据上文“a good home”可推断，弗雷德想要给Lucky找一个好的家庭。] 14．D　[考查名词词义辨析。句意：我儿子和我在报纸上看到一个广告，寻找一个好的家庭收养Lucky，于是打了电话。 A．cure治愈；B.protection保护；C.permission 允许；D.adoption收养。根据上文“So he placed Lucky with a friend of his with the intention that a good home should be ____13____ for him.”可知，弗雷德想要给Lucky找一个好家庭，因此推断广告是为了找一个好家庭收养Lucky。] 15．A　[考查动词词义辨析。句意：现在我们已经养了他两年。 A．raised抚养，养育；B.missed错过，想念；C.trained训练；D.appreciated感激，欣赏。根据上文“We brought him home.”可知，我们收养了Lucky，已经养了两年。] Ⅲ.语法填空 主题语境：人与自然 体裁：新闻报道 话题：甘肃的6.2级地震 The 6.2­magnitude earthquake 1.________(strike) an ethnic county lying in Northwest China's Gansu Province midnight Monday, causing death, 2.________(destroy) and panic. As of 10 am Tuesday, a total of 105 3.________(confirm) dead in Gansu and 11 in the neighbouring Qinghai Province, with hundreds injured. Due to high altitude, cold weather and complex geological conditions, Jishishan County is prone (易于) to natural disasters, such as earthquakes. Since 1900, the area within a radius of 100 km from the epicenter 4.________ (record) seven earthquakes above 5 magnitude. Fortunately, joint effort has been made 5.________(provide) assistance to them and to restore normality to the region as quickly as possible. The provincial fire and rescue department has sent 580 rescuers 6.________(aid) with 88 fire engines, 12 search and rescue dogs, more than 10,000 sets of equipment to the disaster area. Relief efforts have been underway, 7.________the provincial authorities sending emergency rations (口粮) and tents to the affected areas. The railway authority has suspended passenger and cargo trains 8.________ (pass) through the quake zone and ordered a safety check of railway tracks. In Dahejia township, 9.________ the temperature plummeted to 16 degrees Celsius below zero, over 140 medical staff at a local hospital were busy treating the injured people. According to first­person 10.________(account), the loved ones of many of these patients are untraceable in the aftermath of the earthquake. [语篇解读]　本文是一篇新闻报道。文章主要报道了甘肃省发生的6.2级地震的情况。 1．struck　[考查名词。句意：周一午夜，中国西北部甘肃省一个少数民族县发生6.2级地震，造成人员死亡、破坏和恐慌。空处为句子谓语；根据时间状语“midnight Monday”可知，句子是描述过去发生的事情，应用一般过去时。] 2．destruction　[考查名词。句意同上。空处和名词“death”以及“panic”并列作动词causing的宾语，故填名词形式destruction，destruction是不可数名词。] 3．were confirmed　[考查时态、语态和主谓一致。句意：截至周二上午10点，甘肃省共确认105人死亡，青海省11人死亡，数百人受伤。主语“a total of 105”和动词confirm之间是被动关系，结合时间状语“As of 10 am Tuesday”可知，句子是描述过去发生的事情，应用一般过去时的被动语态，主语表示复数意义。] 4．has recorded　[考查时态和主谓一致。句意：自1900年以来，距离震中100公里以内的地区发生了7次5级以上的地震。根据时间状语“Since 1900”可知句子用现在完成时，主语“area”是名词单数。] 5．to provide　[考查非谓语动词。句意：幸运的是，已作出共同努力向他们提供援助，并尽快恢复该地区的正常状态。结合句意可知，此处表示目的，应用动词不定式作目的状语。] 6．aided　[考查非谓语动词。句意：省消防和救援部门已派出580名救援人员，88辆消防车，12只搜救犬，1万多套设备前往灾区。句中已有谓语动词has sent，空处应填非谓语动词；动词aid和逻辑主语rescuers之间为被动关系，应用过去分词；be aided with“在……的辅助下，在……帮助下”是固定短语。] 7．with　[考查介词。句意：救援工作正在进行中，省政府向受灾地区运送了紧急口粮和帐篷。此处是with的复合结构“with＋宾语＋宾补”，在句中作状语。] 8．passing　[考查非谓语动词。句意：铁路局暂停了通过震区的客运和货运列车，并下令对铁路轨道进行安全检查。动词pass和“cargo trains”之间是主谓关系，应用现在分词作后置定语。] 9．where　[考查定语从句。句意：在大河家镇，气温骤降至零下16摄氏度，当地医院的140多名医务人员正忙着治疗伤者。分析句子可知，空处引导非限制性定语从句，先行词是“Dahejia township”，关系词在从句中作地点状语，应用关系副词where引导。] 10．accounts　[考查名词复数。句意：根据亲历者的描述，在地震之后，许多病人的亲人无法找到。account“描述，叙述”，可数名词，此处应用复数形式表示泛指。] 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$