Unit 6 Survival-【创新教程】2025年高考英语总复习大一轮教师用书word（外研版）

高考原句 句式分析 汉语试译 1.(2023·浙江卷1月)What Hammond is referring to is the question of meaning, and meaning is central to what distinguishes the least intelligent of humans from the most intelligent of machines. 本句是一个复合句。What Hammond is referring to是主语从句；what distinguishes the least intelligent of humans from the most intelligent of machines是介词to的宾语。 哈蒙德所指的是意义问题，而意义是区分最不聪明的人类和最聪明的机器的核心。 2.(2023·浙江卷1月)What matters is not just the outside of a string of symbols, but the inside too, not just how they are arranged but what they mean. 本句是一个复合句。What matters是主语从句，not...but不是……而是；how they are arranged 和what they mean是名词从句。 重要的不仅仅是一串符号的外部，还有内部，不仅仅是它们的排列方式，而是它们的含义。 [Part 1　巧记·课标单词] 写 作 单 词 | 悉 其 识 1.　seaside　 adj.　海滨的 2．　suburb　 n. 郊区，城郊 3．　thief　 n. 小偷，贼 4．　commit　 v. 犯(错误或罪行) 5．　fox　 n. 狐狸 6．　urban　 adj. 城镇的，城市的 7．　newcomer　 n. 新来者 8．　garbage　 n. 垃圾 9．　lamb　 n. 羔羊肉 10．　estimate　 v. 估计，估算 11．　crucial　 adj. 至关重要的 12．　hiker　 n. 徒步旅行者 13．　kit　 n. 成套工具 14．　optimistic　 adj. 乐观的 15．　cave　 n. 洞穴 16．　indoors　 adv. 在室内 17.　fuel　 n．　燃料 18．　eliminate　 v. 消除 19．　firefighter　 n. 消防队员 20．　fierce　 adj. 恶劣的 21．　monthly　 adj. 每月一次的 22．　wipe　 v. 擦，拭 23．　nuclear　 adj. 核武器的 24．　unmanned　 adj. 无人驾驶的 25．　spacecraft　 n. 航天器 26．　orbit　 v. 环绕……运行 27．　agency　 n. 机构 28．　infer　 v. 推断 29．　astronaut　 n. 宇航员 30．　dust　 n. 沙土，尘土 31．　trunk　 n. 树干 拓 展 单 词 | 通 其 用 1.　crime　 n．罪行；犯罪行为→　criminal　 n．罪犯 2．　greed　 n．贪婪→　greedy　 adj.贪婪的 3．　contain　 vt.包含；容纳→　container　 n．容器 4．　appreciation　 n．欣赏；感激；感谢→　appreciate　 vt.欣赏；感激 5．　restrictive　 adj.限制的；约束的→　restrict　 v．限制；约束 6．　consumption　 n．消耗量→　consume　 v．消耗 7.　supplement　 n．补充，增加→　supply　 v．供给 8．　react　 vi.(化学)反应→　reaction　 n．反应 9．　advance　 n．& v．预先；提前→　advanced　 adj.高级的 10．　terrify　 v．使惊恐，使受惊吓→　terrified　 adj.恐惧的→　terror　 n．恐惧，恐怖→　terrorist　 n．恐怖分子→　terrifying　 adj.极其害怕的 11．　consist　 v．组成，在于→　consistent　 adj.一致的 12．　expose　 n．& v．暴露；显露→　exposed　 adj.无遮蔽的；暴露的→　exposure　 n．暴露 阅读单词|明其义 1.predator n．　掠食动物　 2．flourish v. 　生长茂盛，兴盛　 3．racoon n. 　浣熊　 4．kebab n. 　烤(肉)串　 5．garlic n. 　(大)蒜　 6．migratory adj. 　迁徙的　 7.clay n．　黏土　 8．blaze n. 　烈火，大火　 9．Mars n. 　火星　 10．hostile adj. 　(生长环境)恶劣的　 11．stunning adj. 　极具吸引力的　 12．capsule n. 　密封舱　 [Part 2　闪记·核心短语] 1.　cope with　　应付 2．　bring...under control　 使……处于控制之下 3．　get rid of　 摆脱，除去 4．　wipe out　 彻底摧毁，消灭 5．　consist of　 由……构成，由……组成 6.in the meantime　在此期间，与此同时　 7．amount to 　达到，总计　 8．break out 　爆发　 9．be attracted to... 　被……吸引　 10．adapt to 　适应　 [Part 3　速记·经典句式] 典型句式 教材原句 1.no matter引导的让步状语从句 　No matter how many crimes he committed　 (不管他犯下多少罪行), the police were powerless to arrest him. 2.同位语从句 There is evidence 　that urban racoons are more intelligent than their wild cousins　 (城市里的浣熊比野生浣熊更加聪明)，... 3.only位于句首引起的部分倒装句 Only then can we look towards harmoniously sharing our urban habitats　 (我们才能期待和谐共享我们的城市栖息地). [Part 4　识记·熟词生义] 你知道下面句子中黑体词的词性和汉语意思吗？ 1.Only then did I truly begin to appreciate Dad and his faith that guided us through the hard times. 　v．理解　 2.But he was bursting with curiosity，and one day he just couldn't contain himself.“What are you going to do？”he asked.　 v．克制；抑制(感情)　 3.(2022·全国乙卷)They often cover only their eyes with their hands, leaving the rest of their bodies exposed.　adj.无遮蔽的　 [Part 5　积累·联想拓展] 1.“环境”相关词汇 ①pollution　污染 ②rubbish/trash/garbage 垃圾 ③global warming 全球变暖 ④greenhouse effect 温室效应 ⑤environmentally friendly 环保的 ⑥low carbon 低碳 2.“动词＋out”短语集锦 ①wipe out　消灭；彻底摧毁 ②leave out 省去；遗漏；忽略 ③turn out 生产；证明是 ④put out 扑灭；生产；出版 ⑤pull out 拉出；掏出；拔出；抽出；取出 ⑥pick out 选出；领会；弄明白 [核心词汇——逐点清] 1．appreciate vt.欣赏，赞赏，对……表示感谢；感激；充分理解 ► [教材对接] (1)However they adapt to our ways of urban living, it's important that we get a better understanding of and even learn to 　appreciate　 our wild neighbours. 不管动物们如何适应我们的城市生活方式，重要的是，我们要更好地理解甚至学会欣赏我们的野生邻居。 ①appreciate (one's) doing sth.欣赏/感激(某人)做某事 I would appreciate it if...　如果……我将不胜感激 ②appreciation n. 欣赏，感激 [基础练通]　单句语法填空 (2)(2023·浙江高考1月) I also gained a greater 　appreciation　(appreciate) for the role that plants play in maintaining the balance of our ecosystem. (3)I'd appreciate your 　writing　 (write) me back as soon as possible. [能力提升]　句式升级(用appreciate改写) I would be grateful to you for turning off the lights. (4)　I'd appreciate it if　 you could turn off the lights. (5)　I'd appreciate your turning　 off the lights. 当appreciate，hate，dislike，love，like，depend on等词后接宾语从句时，用it作形式宾语，把宾语从句后置。 2．react v．(作出)反应 ► [教材对接] (1)How do people and organisations 　react　 to these crises? 人们和组织对这些危机作何反应？ ①react to sth.　对某事/物作出反应 react against... 反对，反抗 react with sth. 与某物发生化学反应 ②reaction n. 反应 [基础练通]　单句语法填空 (2)Please share how you reacted 　to　 the situation and the cause of your 　reaction　 (react) in the last emergency. (3)—How did he react 　to　 his father's suggestion? —He reacted strongly 　against　 it and refused to accept it. (4)In the past, there was often an automatic 　reaction　 (react) to increased traffic；just widen the roads，... [能力提升]　完成句子 (5)Many young people 　react against traditional values and want to live freely　. 很多年轻人反对传统价值观，想要自由地生活。 3．expose vt.暴露；揭露；使曝光；使面临 ► [教材对接] (1)．..we can infer that the Moon is less 　exposed　 to dangerous radiation than Mars. ……我们可以推断出月球受到的危险辐射比火星少。 ①expose...to...　使……暴露于 expose sb. to sth. 使某人接触某物 ②exposure n. 暴露；揭露 [基础练通]　单句语法填空 (2)(2021·全国乙卷)They were randomly divided into four groups and exposed 　to 　various noise levels in the background, from total silence to 50 decibels(分贝), 70 decibels, and 85 decibels. (3)Some people think we shouldn't expose the children to 　playing　 (play) computer games. (4)　Being exposed　 (expose) to strong sunlight will do harm to your health. [能力提升]　句式升级 Being exposed to the sunlight for too long will be harmful to your skin. (5)　Exposing yourself to the sunlight for too long　 will be harmful to your skin.(用动名词短语主动式作主语改写) (6)　If exposed to the sunlight for too long　，you will get your skin harmed.(用if省略句改写) 4 .optimistic adj.乐观的；乐观主义的 ► [教材对接] (1)Robinson Crusoe is a clever and 　optimistic　 man. 鲁滨逊·克鲁索是个聪明又乐观的人。 ①be optimistic about　　对……乐观 ②optimism n．乐观；乐观主义 optimist n．乐观主义者 ③pessimism n．悲观主义 pessimist n．悲观主义者 [基础练通]　单句语法填空 (2)The experts are 　optimistic　(optimism) that we will succeed. (3)She is optimistic 　about　 the future. (4)　Optimists　 (optimist) would announce that peace was at hand. [能力提升]　完成句子 (5)To tell you the truth，　I am not optimistic about the exam　.I might fail it. 说实在的，我对这次考试不是很乐观，我可能不及格。 5．terrifying adj.极其可怕的，骇人听闻的 ► [教材对接] (1)But they are also preparing for the worst：what can we do if the 　terrifying　 scenes in films such as The Day After Tomorrow happen in real life? 但他们也在为最坏的情况做准备：如果《后天》这样的电影中的可怕场景发生在现实生活中，我们能做什么呢？ ①terrify　　v．使害怕，使恐怖 terrify sb. into doing sth. 恐吓某人做某事 terrify sb. out of doing sth. 恐吓某人不做某事 ②terrifiedadj.恐惧的；受惊吓的 be terrified of 害怕…… ③terrifyingly adv.恐怖地 [基础练通]　单句语法填空 (2)The most 　terrifying　 (terrify) aspect of nuclear bombing is radiation. (3)They terrified the boy 　into　 telling what he had seen. (4)The 　terrified　 (terrify) children ran home. (5)The old lady was terrified 　of　 crossing the busy road. [能力提升]　完成句子 (6)I find it 　terrifying to be surrounded　 by large numbers of horses. 我觉得被一大群马包围着很恐怖。 6．consist of由……组成 ► [教材对接] (1)It 　consisted of　 a closed space in which people, animals and plants could live together. 它由一个封闭的空间构成，人、动物和植物可以共同生活在其中。 ①consist in　　在于，存在于 consist with 与……一致，相吻合 ②consist of 由……组成，不用于进行时，也不用于被动语态。 ③表示“(整体)由……组成”的短语： be made up of/be composed of/be comprised of [基础练通]　单句语法填空 (2)Most food webs，for instance，consist 　of　 many weak links rather than a few strong ones. (3)Most are also equipped with automatic fire alarm systems 　consisting　 (consist) of heat detectors, smoke detectors and sprinklers. [能力提升]　一句多译 这个班由30名男生和20名女生组成。 (4)　The class consists of 30 boys and 20 girls　(consist)． (5)　The class is made up of 30 boys and 20 girls　(make up)． (6)　The class is composed of 30 boys and 20 girls　(compose)． 7．estimate v．估计，估算 ► [教材对接] (1)Recent studies 　estimate　 that between 400 million and 1 billion birds die from window impacts each year in the US alone. 最近的研究估计，仅在美国每年就有4亿到10亿只鸟死于窗户撞击。 ①estimate...at...　估计/猜测……为 estimate sth. 对某物进行估价 ②It is estimated that... 据估计…… ③estimation n．估计 [基础练通]　单句语法填空 (2)The police estimated the number of tourists 　at　 about 20,000. (3)The man 　estimated　 (estimate) the repair of the car. (4)It is estimated 　that　 total investment in the country will continue to increase this year. (5)We need to make accurate 　estimation　 (estimate) beforehand. [能力提升]　完成句子 (6)　It is estimated that　 only a third of families now eat most of their meals together at the table. 据估算，如今仅三分之一的家庭围在桌边享用晚餐。 8．restrict vt.限制，控制 ► [经典佳句] (1)There is talk of raising the admission requirements to 　restrict　 the number of students on campus. 有用提高录取条件来限制校园里学生数量的说法。 ①restricted　　adj.有限制的，受限定的 be restricted to 仅限于 ②restrict oneself to 限制自己 ③restriction n．限制，限定，约束，制约因素 put/place restrictions on...对……加以限制 [基础练通]　单句语法填空 (2)And the Harry Potter effect is not just restricted 　to　 the English speaking world. (3)The swimming club is open to families in the neighborhood 　without　 restriction. (4)The government has agreed to lift 　restrictions　 (restrict) on press freedom. (5)For his sickness, the old man restricted 　himself　 (he) to one cup of coffee a day. [能力提升]　完成句子 (6)Villagers say the fence 　would restrict public access to the hills　. 村民们说这个围栏将限制公众进入山区。 [间考词汇——要知晓] 1．commit v．犯(错误或罪行)；自杀；使承担义务，作出保证 单句语法填空 (1)It's not terrible to commit 　a　 mistake.The most terrible thing is the fear for it. (2)The Canadian government is committed to 　advancing　 (advance) the equality and the use of English and French. (3)(2022·北京卷)I decided to commit to 　completing　 (complete)the applications, and soon I was a part of a growing global team of young people working to protect nature. (4)Smoking not only harms others' health, but also is 　committing　 (commit) suicide slowly. 2．advanced adj.高级的；先进的 单句语法填空 (1)(2021·北京卷)Even 　advanced　(advance)physics can't decisively tell us what time is, because the answer depends on the question you're asking. (2)Next time you visit Bob, remember to give him a call 　in　 advance. (3)The crowd advanced 　towards/on　 the station. (4)The bank made 　advances　 (advance) to the company. (5)A robot will do what people tell it to do，however 　advanced　 (advance) it may be. 3．get rid of摆脱，除去 用get的相关短语完成句子 (1)I'm sorry to hear that you have 　got into　 (染上) the habit of smoking. (2)(北京卷)But some types of situations can help us to 　get rid of　 (去除；除掉) the occurrence of anger. (3)He 　got over　(克服) all the difficulties and accomplished his task at last. (4)I did ring you several times but could not 　get through　(接通)． (5)When you 　get into trouble　 (陷入麻烦)，do keep calm. Only then 　can_we_look_towards_harmoniously_sharing_our_urban_habitats　. 只有那时，我们才能期待和谐共享我们的城市栖息地。 本句是“Only＋状语”置于句首的倒装句式。 only放在句首修饰状语(通常是副词、介词短语或状语从句等)时，句子需要部分倒装。 其结构为：Only＋状语＋助动词/情态动词/系动词＋主语＋其他。 [基础练通]　单句语法填空/完成句子 (1)Only after Mary walked into the classroom 　did　 she realize that she had left the homework at home. (2)There's no denying that only if we deal with and overcome large numbers of difficulties in a correct way 　will we achieve our dreams　(我们才会实现我们的梦想)． (3)Only in this way 　can we improve our oral English　(我们才能提高我们的英语口语)． [能力提升]　句式升级 (4)We can spend those days together happily only by understanding and learning from each other. →Only by understanding and learning from each other 　can we spend those days　 together happily. Ⅰ.单词拼写 1．I would like to buy a flat in the 　suburb　 (郊区) and sell the one in downtown, because I want to live near my mom. 2．You should be happy with what you already have and not risk losing it by being 　greedy　 (贪婪的) and trying to get more. 3．Hearing the dog barking fiercely, away ran the 　thief　 (小偷)． 4．Every life has its ups and downs, but having an 　optimistic　(乐观的) attitude toward life has been found very important. 5．You have to rewrite the 　monthly　 (每月一次的) report because you have missed many important details. 6．American space 　agency　 (局) is in charge of native scientific research and experiments in space. Ⅱ.语境填空 1．However, we can achieve meaning only if we have made a 　commitment　 (commit) to something larger than our own little egos (自我)． 2．WeChat is an app whose purpose is to break 　down　 barriers to communication. 3．As a new diplomat, he often thinks of how to react to such a situation so that his 　reaction　 (react) will not harm the image of his country. 4．You're likely to get the flu if you wear a short dress with your arms and legs exposed 　to　 the cold. 5．A team, consisting 　of　 two doctors and three policemen, was sent to search for the lost explorer. 6．Experts say if the island is not protected, the oil spill (石油泄漏) could wipe 　out　 the gulf's turtle population. 7．The 　criminal　 (crime) was caught and put into prison the day before yesterday. 8．Jenny is optimistic 　about　 her chances of winning a gold medal. 9．It is important that measures should be taken to cope 　with　 the situation. 10．Not having been cleaned for months, the books on the shelf were covered with 　dust　 (dusty)． Ⅲ.选词填空 cope with, get rid of, wipe out, consist of, amount to, in the meanwhile 1．The workers in this village 　amount to　 more than five hundred. 2．　Getting rid of　 garbage is a big problem in many cities. 3．Our ancestors had to 　cope with　 cold, hunger as well as attack from wild animals. 4．The train won't leave for an hour.　In the meanwhile　 we can have lunch. 5．All electronic computers 　consist of　 five units although they are of different kinds. 6．Much still remains to be done to 　wipe out　 discrimination. Ⅳ.完成句子 1．你能提前让我知道你是否要来，我将不胜感激。 　I'd appreciate it　 if you could let me know in advance whether or not you will come. 2．她看到一条两岸长着红花绿草的河流。 She saw a river 　with red flowers and green grass on both sides　. 3．雷击后引发了一场巨大的森林火灾。 　A huge forest fire broke out　 after the lighthing struck. 4．他不管去哪里，包里都带一本书。 He carries a book in his bag, 　no matter where he goes　. 5．只有用这种方式，我们才能保护好环境。 Only in this way 　can we protect the environment　. Ⅰ.单元巩固练 在空白处填入一个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式(黑体词为本单元重点词汇)。 My brother, sister and I love 1.　rainy　 (rain) days. We appreciate 2.　playing　 (play) in the rain very much. There is a very shallow stream near our seaside house. Each time it rains, we go there in order to sail and 3.　orbit　 (orbit) our paper boats. The rain 4.　makes　 (make) the water in the stream 5.　deeper　 (deep) and it is 6.　exciting　 (excite) to watch the swift currents flow over the stones, carrying away leaves and grass.We watch 7.　carefully　 (careful) as our unmanned paper boats are sailing on the water.They then sail swiftly down the stream and we often want to figure out 8.　where　 they finally end up. Sometimes, we run 9.　in　 the rain, throw stones into the puddles of water and watch the exposed ripples of water grow bigger and bigger. The water looks 10.　like　 rings of silver as the shining raindrops fall onto the surface. Only then can we realize how crucial it is for us to combine us with nature. Ⅱ.话题写作(倡议书) 在城区的街道和垃圾处经常看到流浪的狗猫动物，针对这种现象，请你写一篇短文表达你的看法。 要求：1.词数80左右； 2．尽可能使用本单元知识点。 ________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________ [参考范文] There are many dogs and cats wandering in the suburb streets and searching for food from garbage containers.They are thin and look hungry.What can we do for their survival? First, local governments should set up shelters for homeless animals，where they can live and can get enough food to get rid of their hunger.Second，we should have mercy on them，giving your love you can no matter where you see them.I think we should help them. Animals are important for every person. No one can live without animals. Only in this way can homeless animals be preserved. Ⅲ.读后续写微技能(30)——动作描写“手(hand)” ●[多样表达] 1．hold one's hand抓住某人的手 2．cup...in one's hands将……捧在手心 3．hand in hand手拉手 4．hold out one's hand伸出手 5．spread one's hands摊开双手 6．raise one's hand举手 7．shake hands with与……握手 8．open one's hands张开双手 9．raise/put up one's hand举手 10．take one's hand牵某人的手 11．hold hands手拉手 ●[佳句观摩] 1．她笑着伸出一只手表示欢迎。 She smiled and held out/reached out a hand in welcome. 2．她一边颤抖，一边使劲搓着双手。 She shivered，rubbing her hands together fiercely. 3．她的手颤抖着把玻璃杯送到唇边。 Her hands shook/trembled as she lifted the glass to her lips. 4．她举起一根手指放到唇边，要求安静。 She raised/held up a finger to her lips to ask for silence. ●[好句仿写] 1．我想都没想下了车，举起手不让卡车司机往前走。 Without thinking I got out of my car，　held my hand up　 so the truck driver wouldn't move forward. 2．我俯下身，尽可能轻柔地将蝴蝶捧在手心。 I reached down and 　cupped the butterfly in my hands　 as gently as I could. 3．我托起它的腿。忽然间，它自由了。我张开双手，它朝明亮的太阳飞去。 I lifted its legs up and suddenly it was free.I 　opened my hands and it flew towards　 the shining sun. 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$