选择性必修第2册 Unit 3 Times change!-【创新教程】2025年高考英语总复习大一轮课时作业word（外研版）

课时冲关27　Unit 3　Times change! Ⅰ.阅读A 主题：人与自我 体裁：记叙文 话题：创业过程 Andy Kong has worked very hard to get to where he is today.He credits becoming a millionaire by 20 to his strict Asian parents who tutored him at a young age by working for the family. Kong, of Danville, Virginia, started working when he was only nine.English wasn't a strong suit for Andy's parents, and that's where he was able to assist his family the most.After school and on weekends he would help out at their family­owned restaurant and nail salons.Not only did he do the labor work, but he was also involved in creating online ads.This was his introduction to the world of online business. Andy started his Amazon business in the eighth grade, when he learned about Amazon.Dropshipping (代发货模式) from a kid he saw on Instagram, he got inspired and decided to give it a try.Unfortunately, the store eventually got shut down because he was impatient with the growth.Instead of considering it a failure, he viewed this experience as a life lesson and learned from his mistakes.Meanwhile, his parents never stopped trying to talk him into focusing on school and their retail business. “The biggest challenge when starting a business is getting someone to believe in you，” Andy says.He pushed through and did things for himself even when his loved ones discouraged it. In 2019, Andy met his now business partners, and together, they created an Amazon management company called Project WiFi.This project has proven to be extremely successful.They currently help over 55 clients run their online businesses, and plan to help many more in the future. When asked about the secret to his success, Andy says, “Learning to sacrifice whether that's family, friends, or soccer game for a single goal is the only way to succeed, rather than attempting multiple things.If it's worth doing then it's worth doing well with no shortcuts.” [语篇解读]　本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了Andy Kong创业的过程。 1．Why did Andy work in his parents' shops at a young age? A．Because he could earn some pocket money. B．Because his parents weren't fluent in English. C．Because his parents could help with his study. D．Because he could get access to the Internet. 解析：B　[推理判断题。根据第二段的“English wasn't a strong suit for Andy's parents, and that's where he was able to assist his family the most.(安迪的父母并不擅长英语，而这正是他能够最大限度地帮助家人的地方)”可知，安迪很小的时候就在父母的店里工作是因为他的父母英语不流利。] 2．What does Paragraph 3 mainly talk about? A．A new online business model. B．Results of working impatiently. C．Difficulties in Andy's career. D．Andy's tense family relationship. 解析：C　[主旨大意题。根据第三段的“Unfortunately, the store eventually got shut down because he was impatient with the growth.(不幸的是，由于他对增长缺乏耐心，这家店最终倒闭了)”可知，第三段主要讲的是安迪事业上的困难。] 3．What does Andy think contributes to his success? A．His early working experiences. B．Lessons learned from his failures. C．Gaining other people's trust. D．Focusing on one thing at a time. 解析：D　[细节理解题。根据最后一段的“Learning to sacrifice whether that's family, friends, or soccer game for a single goal is the only way to succeed, rather than attempting multiple things.(学会为一个目标牺牲家庭、朋友或足球比赛是成功的唯一途径，而不是尝试多件事)”可知，安迪认为一次只专注于一件事促成了他的成功。] 4．Which of the following can best describe Andy Kong's personality? A．Committed and generous. B．Motivated and open­minded. C．Creative and faithful. D．Hard­working and sociable. 解析：B　[推理判断题。根据第三段的“Instead of considering it a failure, he viewed this experience as a life lesson and learned from his mistakes.(他没有认为这是一次失败，而是把这段经历视为人生的一课，并从错误中吸取教训)”可知，他是思想开明的，即open­minded；再根据倒数第三段的“He pushed through and did things for himself even when his loved ones discouraged it.(他坚持了下来，为自己做了一些事情，即使他爱的人劝阻他这么做)”可知，他是目的明确的，即motivated。] 阅读B 主题：人与社会 体裁：说明文 话题：减少食物浪费的包装新技术 In order to help discover spoilage and reduce food waste for supermarkets and consumers, researchers have developed new low­cost, smart phone­linked, eco­friendly spoilage sensors for meat and fish packaging. One in three UK consumers throw away food just because it reaches the use­by date, but 60% of the 12.5 billion­worth of food we throw away each year is safe to eat. The researchers, whose findings were published in ACS Sensors, say the sensors could also eventually replace the use­by date－a widely used indicator of being fresh and eatable. The sensors cost two US cents each to make.Known as “paper­based electrical gas sensors (PEGS)”， they detect spoilage gases like ammonia (a poisonous gas with a strong unpleasant smell) in meat and fish products.The information provided by the electronic nose is received by a smart phone, and then you can know whether the food is fresh and safe to eat. The Imperial College London researchers who developed PEGS made the sensors by printing carbon electrodes onto a special type of paper.The materials are eco­friendly and harmless, so they don't damage the environment and are safe to use in food packaging.The sensors, combined with a tiny electronic system, then inform nearby mobile devices, which identify and understand the data about spoilage gases. Lead author Dr Firat Guder of Imperial's Department of Bioengineering, said, “Although they're designed to keep us safe, use­by dates can lead to eatable food being thrown away.They don't always reflect its actual freshness.In fact, people often get sick from food­borne diseases due to poor storage, even when an item is within its use­by date.” “These sensors are cheap enough so we hope to see supermarkets using them within three years.Our goal is to use PEGS in food packaging to reduce unnecessary food waste.” The authors hope that PEGS could have applications beyond food processing, like sensing chemicals in agriculture, air quality, and detecting disease markers in breath like those involved in kidney disease. [语篇解读]　这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了一种可以减少食物浪费的新技术，名为“纸质电气气体传感器(PEGS)”。介绍了这种技术的工作方式以及人们对此技术在未来应用领域的看法。 5．What is the function of PEGS according to the text? A．To improve the taste of foods. B．To improve the service of stores. C．To help supermarkets store foods. D．To help people test food freshness. 解析：D　[细节理解题。根据第四段“The sensors cost two US cents each to make.Known as ‘paper­based electrical gas sensors (PEGS)’， they detect spoilage gases like ammonia (a poisonous gas with a strong unpleasant smell) in meat and fish products.The information provided by the electronic nose is received by a smart phone, and then you can know whether the food is fresh and safe to eat.(每个传感器的制造成本为2美分。它们被称为“纸质电气气体传感器(PEGS)”，可以检测出肉类和鱼类产品中的氨气(一种有强烈难闻气味的有毒气体)等有害气体。 电子鼻子提供的信息被智能手机接收，然后你就可以知道食物是否新鲜和可以安全的食用)”可知，PEGS的功能是帮助人们检测食物的新鲜度。] 6．What role does the smartphone play while PEGS are functioning? A．It acts as an electronic nose. B．It reads the data collected by PEGS. C．It helps print the gas sensors onto paper. D．It discovers the spoilage gases from foods. 解析：B　[细节理解题。根据第五段中“The sensors, combined with a tiny electronic system, then inform nearby mobile devices, which identify and understand the data about spoilage gases.(这些传感器与一个微型电子系统结合，然后通知附近的移动设备，这些移动设备可以识别并了解有关变质气体的数据)”可知，当PEGS运行时，智能手机的作用是读取PEGS收集的数据。] 7．What does Dr.Firat Guder say about use­by dates? A．They are not completely reliable. B．They can help reduce food waste. C．They are based on scientific research. D．They are not accepted by the consumers. 解析：A　[推理判断题。根据第六段“Lead author Dr Firat Guder of Imperial's Department of Bioengineering, said, ‘Although they're designed to keep us safe, use­by dates can lead to eatable food being thrown away.They don't always reflect its actual freshness.In fact, people often get sick from food­borne diseases due to poor storage, even when an item is within its use­by date.’(帝国理工大学生物工程系的第一作者Firat Guder博士说：‘尽管保质期是为了保护我们的安全，但它可能导致可食用的食物被扔掉。它们并不总是反映它的实际新鲜度。事实上，人们经常会因为储存不当而患上食源性疾病，即使是在保质期内。’)”可推知，Firat Guder博士认为保质期不是完全可靠的。] 8．What does the author mainly talk about in the text? A．The process of researching spoilage sensors. B．A new technology in packaging to reduce food waste. C．The application of spoilage sensors beyond food processing. D．The influence of use­by dates on supermarkets and consumers. 解析：B　[主旨大意题。根据第一段“In order to help discover spoilage and reduce food waste for supermarkets and consumers, researchers have developed new low­cost, smart phone­linked, eco­friendly spoilage sensors for meat and fish packaging.(为了帮助超市和消费者发现食物的腐败现象，减少食物浪费，研究人员开发了一种新型低成本、与智能手机连接、环保的腐败传感器，用于肉类和鱼类的包装。)”结合文章主要介绍了一种可以减少食物浪费的新技术，名为“纸质电气气体传感器(PEGS)”。介绍了这种技术的工作方式以及人们对此技术在未来应用领域的看法。可知，作者在文中主要谈到了减少食物浪费的包装新技术。] Ⅱ.语法填空 主题：人与自然 体裁：说明文 话题：太阳发电 China is once more at the forefront of scientific research and creation.In the field of artificial solar energy, Chinese scientists 1.________(take) some exciting steps forward in the past few years. They have made an exact copy of the energy­generating (产生)process of the sun 2.________(successful) in an extremely large piece of equipment in Hefei, China, 3.________ was called an “ artificial sun”．The generation of artificial solar energy works by “fusing”(熔化)together atoms.This process gives off heat, but there 4.________(be) no radioactive waste formed.On the other hand, as is well­known, traditional nuclear power plants generate energy by splitting atoms quickly，5.________(result)in harmful waste at the same time.So compared with it, artificial solar energy could potentially offer a 6.________(clean) way of providing power for the future, and help address the pressing problem of climate change.The heat 7.________(produce) by the artificial sun reached about 100 million degrees Celsius. While controlling and containing such a huge amount of heat for a long time is not yet possible and 8.________ present, the high temperature can only be kept for about 103 seconds, it is already 9.________ huge step forward. The new scientific 10.________(achieve)，it is hoped, can help make the world a safer and better place for everyone going into the future. [语篇解读]　本文属于说明文。中国利用一个巨型装置成功复制了太阳发电的过程，这个装置被称为“人造太阳”。人造太阳能的产生是通过将原子“聚变”在一起来实现的。这个过程会释放热量，但不会形成放射性废料。因此，人造太阳能有可能为未来提供一种更清洁的供电方式，并有助于解决气候变化这一紧迫问题。 1．have taken　[考查时态。句意：在人造太阳能领域，中国科学家在过去几年里已经取得了一些令人兴奋的进展。句中有“in the past few years”信息，使用现在完成时，主语是Chinese scientists，助动词使用have。故填have taken。] 2．successfully　[考查副词。句意：他们在中国合肥用一个被称为“人造太阳”的超大设备成功地复制了太阳产生能量的过程。分析句子结构可知，这里使用副词修饰本句的谓语动词have made，表示“成功复制了太阳发电的过程”。故填successfully。] 3．which　[考查非限制性定语从句。句意：他们在中国合肥用一个被称为“人造太阳”的超大设备成功地复制了太阳产生能量的过程。根据句意和句子结构可知，本空所在句子是一个非限制性定语从句，本空处于主语的位置，因此应用which引导定语从句，指代前面的equipment，并在句中作主语。故填which。] 4．is　[考查时态和主谓一致。句意：这一过程散发热量，但没有形成放射性废物。根据上下文，这里讲的是人造太阳的工作原理，应用一般现在时，同时，本句属于there be句型，主语是no radioactive waste，所以应用单数。故填is。] 5．resulting　[考查现在分词。句意：传统的核电站通过原子分裂来发电，同时产生有害废料。根据句子结构可知，result in的逻辑主语是traditional nuclear power plants，发出result in这个动作，再结合句意，这里用现在分词表示伴随状语。故填resulting。] 6．cleaner　[考查形容词比较级。句意：因此，相比较而言，人造太阳能有可能为未来提供一种更清洁的能源。本句有“compared with it”信息，再结合句意，这里是artificial solar energy与传统核电相比，因此应该使用形容词比较级。故填cleaner。] 7．produced　[考查过去分词。句意：人造太阳产生的热量达到了大约1亿摄氏度。分析句子结构可知，已有谓语动词reached，空处需填非谓语动词作后置定语，修饰名词the heat，二者为逻辑上的动宾关系，需用过去分词形式。故填produced。] 8．at　[考查介词。句意：虽然在很长一段时间内控制和容纳如此巨大的热量是不可能的，而且目前的高温只能保持在103秒左右，这已经是一个巨大的进步了。at present表示“现在；目前”，是固定短语。故填at。] 9．a　[考查冠词。句意：虽然在很长一段时间内控制和容纳如此巨大的热量是不可能的，而且目前的高温只能保持在103秒左右，这已经是一个巨大的进步了。本空后面是huge step，step是可数名词，此处表示泛指，且huge的发音以辅音音素开头，应填不定冠词a，表示“这是一个巨大的进步”。故填a。] 10．achievement　[考查名词。句意：人们希望这项新的科学成就能够使未来的世界对每个人来说是一个更安全、更美好的地方。本空前面是修饰语The new scientific，本空后面是插入语it is hoped，而句子结构显示本句的谓语动词是can help，因此本句缺少主语，故填名词achievement作主语。故填achievement。] Ⅲ.应用文写作(邮件) 假定你是李华，你的同学Dave感觉学习压力大，焦虑，通过玩网络游戏才能感觉到放松，你认为这存在问题。请你给同学写一封邮件，内容包括：1.说明问题；2.提出建议。 注意： 1．写作词数应为80左右； 2．请按如下格式在相应位置作答。 3．开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数。 4．可适当增加细节使内容连贯。 Dear Dave， ________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________ Yours， Li Hua [参考范文] Dear_Dave， I'm sorry to hear that you are addicted to playing computer games.I can understand how upset and stressed you must be, but I think it will surely harm your health.Here are a few things you can do. First, if I were you, I would try my best to limit the time spent on video games each day, so I could spend more time on other meaningful activities and hobbies.Another step would be finding purpose in reality, from enjoying face­to­face conversations with your family and friends to taking a walk in the sunshine.Immerse yourself in the pleasure of real life instead of a virtual world. I am sure that with persistence, you'll definitely get rid of your video game addiction.Looking forward to your good news. Yours， Li_Hua 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$