必修第3册 Unit 6 Disaster and hope-【创新教程】2025年高考英语总复习大一轮课时作业word（外研版）

课时冲关18　Unit 6　Disaster and hope Ⅰ.完形填空 主题：人与自我 体裁：记叙文 话题：飓风灾难 I used to think my life was perfect.My mom had her dream job and a beautiful office，and I had my own room with a computer and a garden to ____1____.But one Sunday，everything changed.A hurricane ____2____ our neighborhood while we were visiting my grandparents in Raleigh.Our kitchen was destroyed，and our clean and comfortable home was in ruins. But something ____3____ happened.Our neighbors，the Flores family，came to our ____4____.They helped clear broken pieces and offered us a place to stay.Their ____5____ was most impressive.We had never ____6____ spoken to them before，but they ____7____ their home to us and made us feel like family. We started a new ____8____ of having weekend dinner together.We invited other families from the neighborhood to join us，and our ____9____ were filled with laughter and delicious food.It was a beautiful thing to see our ____10____ come together in the wake of a disaster. I ____11____ knew Rosica，their daughter，before the hurricane.But she quickly became my friend.She had a gift for ____12____ and our evenings together were filled with adventure and laughter. Looking back，I realize that the hurricane ____13____ unexpected benefit.It brought us closer to our neighbors and ____14____ our lives in ways we never could have imagined.Sometimes，it takes a(n)____15____to bring out the best in people. [语篇解读]　这是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者的社区被飓风所摧毁，而之前并不熟悉的邻居向作者一家伸出了援手，社区也团结在了一起。作者感悟到一场灾难才能激发出人们最好的一面。 1．A.tend to　　　　　　 B．worry about C．dream of D．deal with 解析：A　[考查动词短语辨析。句意：我妈妈有一份理想的工作和一间漂亮的办公室，我有自己的房间，有一台电脑和一个花园要打理。A.tend to照料；B.worry about担心；C.dream of梦想；D.deal with处理。根据上文“a garden to”指照料花园，应用tend to。] 2．A.visited B．skipped C．approached D．swept 解析：D　[考查动词词义辨析。句意：当我们去罗利拜访我的祖父母时，一场飓风席卷了我们的社区。A.visited参观；B.skipped跳跃；C.approached靠近；D.swept扫除；席卷。根据后文“Our kitchen was destroyed，and our clean and comfortable home was in ruins.(我们的厨房被毁了，我们干净舒适的家变成了废墟。)”指一场飓风席卷了我们的社区。] 3．A.invisible B．unexpected C．impossible D．unlucky 解析：B　[考查形容词词义辨析。句意：但是意想不到的事情发生了。A.invisible看不见的；B.unexpected意外的；C.impossible不可能的；D.unlucky不幸的。结合后文“They helped clear broken pieces and offered us a place to stay.”和最后一段提到的“Looking back，I realize that the hurricane____13____unexpected benefit.”可知，几乎没怎么说过话的邻居一家来帮助作者他们，所以这是意想不到的事情。] 4．A.mind B．knowledge C．aid D．sense 解析：C　[考查名词词义辨析。句意：我们的邻居弗洛雷斯一家来帮助我们。A.mind思维；B.knowledge知识；C.aid帮助；D.sense感觉。根据后文“They helped clear broken pieces and offered us a place to stay.(他们帮我们清理碎片，还给了我们一个住处。)”可知，邻居帮助了作者一家，短语为come to one's aid表示“帮助某人”。] 5．A.belief B．request C．wealth D．kindness 解析：D　[考查名词词义辨析。句意：他们的善良给人留下了深刻的印象。A.belief信念；B.request要求；C.wealth财富；D.kindness善良。根据上文“They helped clear broken pieces and offered us a place to stay.(他们帮我们清理碎片，还给了我们一个住处。)”可知，邻居帮助了作者一家，所以说他们十分善良。] 6．A.really B．carefully C．naturally D．clearly 解析：A　[考查副词词义辨析。句意：我们以前从未和他们真正交谈过，但他们向我们敞开了家门，让我们有家的感觉。A.really真正地；B.carefully仔细地；C.naturally自然地；D.clearly清楚地。后文“spoken to them before，but they”中but表示转折，说明此前从未和他们真正交谈过。] 7．A.sold B．rented C．showed D．opened 解析：D　[考查动词词义辨析。句意：我们以前从未和他们真正交谈过，但他们向我们敞开了家门，让我们有家的感觉。A.sold出售；B.rented租；C.showed展示；D.opened打开。结合上文“offered us a place to stay”指邻居为作者一家敞开大门。] 8．A.business B．project C．tradition D．life 解析：C　[考查名词词义辨析。句意：我们开始了周末一起吃晚饭的新传统。A.business生意；B.project项目；C.tradition传统；D.life生活。根据后文“of having weekend dinner together”可知，指周末一起吃晚饭的新传统。] 9．A.reunions B．gatherings C．journeys D．memories 解析：B　[考查名词词义辨析。句意：我们邀请了附近的其他家庭加入我们，我们的聚会充满了笑声和美味的食物。A.reunions团聚；B.gatherings聚会；C.journeys旅程；D.memories记忆。根据上文“We invited other families from the neighborhood to join us，and our”可知，他们邀请了附近的其他家庭加入，所以指聚会充满了笑声和美味的食物。] 10．A.family B．volunteers C．community D．supporters 解析：C　[考查名词词义辨析。句意：看到我们的社区在灾难之后团结起来是一件很美好的事情。A.family家人；B.volunteers志愿者；C.community社区；D.supporters支持者。根据上文“We invited other families”可知，社区因为灾难团结在一起，开始一起聚会。] 11．A.soon B．never C．already D．also 解析：B　[考查副词词义辨析。句意：飓风来之前，我一点也不认识他们的女儿罗西卡。A.soon很快；B.never从不；一点也不；C.already已经；D.also也。根据后文“knew Rosica，their daughter，before the hurricane”可知，飓风之前作者一点也不认识邻居的女儿。] 12．A.fortune telling B．story telling C．mind reading D．house keeping 解析：B　[考查名词短语辨析。句意：她有讲故事的天赋，我们在一起的夜晚充满了冒险和笑声。A.fortune telling算命；B.story telling讲故事；C.mind reading读心术；D.house keeping内务工作。根据后文“and our evenings together were filled with adventure and laughter”可知，罗西卡有讲故事的天赋，让他们在一起的夜晚充满了冒险和笑声。] 13．A.brought about B．resulted from C．made up for D．got away with 解析：A　[考查动词短语辨析。句意：现在回想起来，我意识到飓风带来了意想不到的好处。A.brought about引起；B.resulted from起因于；C.made up for补偿；D.got away with逃避惩罚。根据后文“unexpected benefit”指飓风带来了意想不到的好处。] 14．A.saved B．controlled C．enriched D．recorded 解析：C　[考查动词词义辨析。句意：它拉近了我们与邻居之间的距离，并以我们从未想象过的方式丰富了我们的生活。A.saved拯救；B.controlled控制；C.enriched丰富；D.recorded记录。呼应上文“our evenings together were filled with adventure and laughter”指丰富了生活。] 15．A.instant B．effort C．party D．disaster 解析：D　[考查名词词义辨析。句意：有时候，一场灾难才能激发出人们最好的一面。A.instant瞬间；B.effort努力；C.party派对；D.disaster灾难。飓风之后社区团结在一起，所以是一场灾难才能激发出人们最好的一面。] Ⅱ.语法填空 主题：人与自然 体裁：说明文 话题：环境问题 It has been estimated that rapidly growing modernization is leading to ignorance towards the environment.Humans have created a situation in 1.________ ordinary events become increasingly raised to the level of natural disasters,2.________(cause) heavy losses in terms of human life as well as property. Over the years，scientists researching on this topic 3.________(find) that the main problem is global warming.But because 4.________ human greed，no one is really caring about the environmental risks and everyone is busy making money. It is known that the rapid industrial growth has led to 5.________ large number of air and water pollution problems.Though there are environmental laws that these 6.________(industry) need to follow to treat the waste but most of the time the industry owners ignore these laws for their personal gain.Rapid construction has led to large land areas being covered with cement(水泥)，meaning the flow of water becomes so strong 7.________ water runoff can't get absorbed by the soil，eventually leading to greater flooding. 8．________(fortunate)，there are still a lot of people who really care about the environment and are 9.________(will) to work on environmental issues.Many societies and groups are working day and night 10.________(make) people aware of the harmful effects of the pollution and other practices that are harmful to our environment. [语篇解读]　本文是一篇说明文。快速发展的现代化正在导致对环境的破坏。本文主要分析了环境问题产生的原因。 1．which　[考查定语从句。句意：人类已经造成了一种情况，在这种情况下，普通事件越来越多地上升到自然灾害的程度，造成了人类生命和财产的重大损失。分析句子可知，空格处应填入定语从句的引导词。先行词是situation，表示抽象地点，定语从句用“in＋关系代词which”引导，相当于where。故填which。] 2．causing　[考查现在分词。句意同上。分析句子可知，空格处应填入非谓语动词作状语。根据句意，此处作结果状语，表示自然而然的结果，应用现在分词。故填causing。] 3．have found　[考查动词的时态。句意：多年来，研究这一主题的科学家们发现，主要问题是全球变暖。分析句子可知，空格处应填入谓语动词。根据句中时间状语Over the years可知，此处应用现在完成时，主语scientists 为复数。故填have found。] 4．of　[考查介词。句意：但由于人类的贪婪，没有人真正关心环境风险，每个人都忙于赚钱。because of是固定搭配，意为“由于；因为”。故填of。] 5．a　[考查冠词。句意：众所周知，工业的快速增长导致了大量的空气和水污染问题。a large number of 是固定短语，意为“大量的”，故用不定冠词a。故填a。] 6．industries　[考查名词的数。句意：尽管这些行业需要遵守环境法来处理废物，但大多数时候，行业所有者为了个人利益而无视这些法律。根据空格前的these 可知，此处应填名词复数形式。故填industries。] 7．that　[考查状语从句。句意：快速的建设导致大片土地被水泥覆盖，这意味着水流变得如此强劲，以至于径流无法被土壤吸收，最终导致更大的洪水。分析句子可知，此处为“so＋形容词＋that引导的结果状语从句”，意为“如此……以至于……”。故填that。] 8．Fortunately　[考查副词。句意：幸运的是，仍然有很多人真正关心环境，并愿意致力于改善环境问题。分析句子可知，空格处应填入副词作状语。根据句意，此处指“幸运地”，应用fortunately，置于句首首字母应大写。故填Fortunately。] 9．willing　[考查形容词。句意同上。分析句子可知，空格处应填入形容词作表语。be willing to do sth.是固定短语，意为“乐意做某事”。故填willing。] 10．to make　[考查动词不定式。句意：许多社会和团体夜以继日地工作，让人们意识到污染和其他对环境有害的做法产生的不利影响。分析句子可知，空格处应填入非谓语动词作状语。根据句意，此处表示目的，应用动词不定式作目的状语。故填to make。] Ⅲ.读后续写 主题：人与社会 体裁：记叙文 话题：帮助人 (2024·福建厦门·统考三模)It was the longest heat wave anyone could remember，and Sebastian couldn't wait to cool off at the beach with his dad.Before heading out of town，they stopped at the library and dropped off a few books. Sebastian noticed a crew working on the library roof.He asked Dad what they were doing.Dad explained that they were repairing the roof，a difficult job he had done himself for a few years. It was then that an idea flashed into Sebastian's head：I bet they could use some water.But the idea disappeared just as quickly as the scenery passing by his window，and his thoughts turned to swimming. The waves were perfect for bodyboarding，and a sea breeze cooled the air.But all too soon they were headed home，back to the heat.Sebastian was half listening to the radio when the DJ gave the weather report，“The record­breaking heat will continue throughout the afternoon，” she said.“If you have to be outside，remember to hydrate (补水) and stay in the shade.” When they drove by the library，the roofers were still working and the sun was beating down on them.Sebastian wondered whether they have enough water.Sebastian had just finished two weeks of soccer camp，and even with frequent water breaks，it had been miserably hot.It made him think again about taking some water to the roofers.So he shared the idea with his brother，Marcos.Marcos shrugged.“You don't even know those guys.They've probably gone home already anyway.” Maybe Marcos was right.Sebastian walked to the end of his driveway，where he could get a view of the library.But the roofers were still there，and the sun was still broiling (酷热的)．Sebastian didn't see any coolers or jugs anywhere.Then he told Dad，“I really think they need some water.” A look of concern came over Dad's face.He picked up his car keys，saying “I think you're right.It's only going to get hotter.” 注意： 1．续写词数应为150左右； 2．请按如下格式在相应位置作答。 Sebastian stuffed a bag with water bottles and got into the car with his dad.___________ ________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________ “It was all his idea，” dad smiled，nodding at Sebastian.________________________ ________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________ [参考范文] Sebastian stuffed a bag with water bottles and got into the car with his dad.As they drove to the library，Sebastian nervously approached the roofers and offered the water.A man got down the ladder and held the bag open for the others to see，signaling them to come into the shade for a water break.The roofers looked surprised but grateful.As they passed around the bottles and opened them，one crew member asked，“How do you guys know we have run out of water？” “It was all his idea，” dad smiled，nodding at Sebastian. Sebastian didn't know how to respond.But the crew's smiles said it all.Having finished their water，the roofers put the empty bottles back into the bag.They thanked Sebastian and his dad again and waved them goodbye as they drove away.Arriving home，Dad praised Sebastian for his kindheartedness.A simple act made Sebastian feel good.He tossed the empties into the recycling bin.Then he poured two big glasses of cold water，one for himself and one for his dad. [解析][导语]　本文讲述了在炎热的季节里，塞巴斯蒂安和爸爸一起去海滩上避暑，途经图书馆，塞巴斯蒂安注意到有工人在图书馆屋顶上工作，他认为天气很热，工人们会需要一些水。回来的路上，他注意到工人仍在工作，他考虑给他们送一些水，他和爸爸说了自己的想法，爸爸同意他的意见。 [详解]1.段落续写： ①由第一段首句内容“塞巴斯蒂安把一个袋子塞满水瓶，和他爸爸一起上了车。”可知，第一段可描写塞巴斯蒂安给工人们送水的过程及工人们的反应。 ②由第二段首句内容“‘这都是他的主意，’爸爸微笑着对塞巴斯蒂安点点头。”可知，第二段可描写经过这件事后，塞巴斯蒂安的感受。 2．续写线索：给工人们送水——工人们的反应——工人们表示感谢——塞巴斯蒂安和父亲离开——塞巴斯蒂安的感受 3．词汇激活 行为类 ①提供：offer/provide ②用完：run out of/use up ③扔：toss/throw 情绪类 ①焦急地：nervously/anxiously ②惊讶的：surprised/amazed 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$