必修第3册 UNIT 3 DIVERSE CULTURES-【创新教程】2025年高考英语总复习大一轮课时作业word（人教版）

UNIT 3　DIVERSE CULTURES Ⅰ.阅读A 主题：人与社会 体裁：说明文 话题：博物馆在不同文化之间架起来沟通的桥梁 Two women in their 50s stand beholding in front of Guanyin of the South China Sea, an ancient Chinese sculpture in the Nelson­Atkins Museum of Art in Kansas City, Missouri. Over the past 20 years, they have been visiting the museum, describing the “mother Buddha” as “beautiful and tranquil, a symbol of religious traditions in China”. Measuring 2.4 meters high，1.68 meters wide and 1.1 meters thick, the larger­than­life sculpture was carved from the trunk of a single poplar tree, which has created a sense of calm and warmth in the hall. Since its launch in 1933, the museum has been actively collecting, preserving, studying and exhibiting works of Chinese art, ranging from ceramics to furniture, and from paintings to sculptures. And its Chinese art collection contains masterpieces in various historical stages. An exhibition on the theme of Lively Creatures－Animals in Chinese Art was held at the museum, displaying tens of Chinese ancient paintings with images of animals in many art forms. The creatures on the paintings represented celebration, personal messages, and even political and religious agendas. Organizers of the exhibition produced a set of cards, with images of animals on one side and their cultural meanings in Chinese artistic tradition on the other. The cards are provided for visitors for free. “I find it very interesting, and the way that the things are drawn is very cool，” says 17­year­old high school student Camden Lombard after visiting the exhibition. “I want to go to China someday to find more，” he adds. “It's kind of eyeopening and we're bringing the world together，” says Makar, an educator with the school outreach and education programs of the museum. “There are so many similarities as well as beautiful differences, and we are just trying to understand and appreciate one another.” “We're in a moment when it's sometimes hard to look outside of your own personal viewpoints，” says Howard, manager of volunteer engagement at the museum. “I think having access to seeing what other cultures have created, what they valued and appreciated, and what was important to them, is really important in building that understanding about all the people we share this planet with.” 1．The two women kept visiting the Nelson­Atkins Museum for ________. A．the grand appearance of the exhibition hall B．their affection for Chinese religious traditions C．the great size of the ancient Chinese sculpture D．their curiosity about the delicate artistic carving 2．What can we learn about the exhibition Lively Creatures? A．The organizers gained a handsome profit. B．The cards reflected multinational cultures. C．The visitors had rich travel experiences in China. D．The paintings displayed the charm of Chinese culture. 3．How does Makar describe the visit to the museum? A．Instructive and romantic. B．Imaginary and fascinating. C．Informative and multicultural. D．Educational and entertaining. 4．What's the purpose of setting up the museum according to Howard? A．To bridge different cultures. B．To popularize religious symbols. C．To exchange personal viewpoints. D．To demonstrate Chinese paintings. [语篇解读]　本文是说明文。文章通过描述博物馆的展览，阐述了博物馆在不同文化之间架起来沟通的桥梁，帮助不同文化增进欣赏和理解。 1．B　[细节理解题。根据第一段的“Two women in their 50s stand beholding in front of Guanyin of the South China Sea, an ancient Chinese sculpture in the NelsonAtkins Museum of Art in Kansas City, Missouri. Over the past 20 years, they have been visiting the museum, describing the ‘mother Buddha’ as‘beautiful and tranquil, a symbol of religious traditions in China’．(密苏里州堪萨斯城纳尔逊­阿特金斯艺术博物馆里，两名50多岁的妇女站在中国南海观音前凝视。在过去的20年里，她们经常参观这座博物馆，称‘妈祖’‘美丽宁静，是中国宗教传统的象征’。)”可知，这两位女士不断参观纳尔逊­阿特金斯博物馆，是因为她们热爱中国宗教传统。] 2．D　[推理判断题。根据第三段内容“An exhibition on the theme of Lively Creatures－Animals in Chinese Art was held at the museum, displaying tens of Chinese ancient paintings with images of animals in many art forms. The creatures on the paintings represented celebration, personal messages, and even political and religious agendas.(博物馆以‘活泼的生物——中国艺术中的动物’为主题举办了一场展览，展出了数十幅中国古代绘画作品，其中动物形象以多种艺术形式出现。画上的生物代表庆祝、个人信息，甚至政治和宗教议程。)”和第四段“Organizers of the exhibition produced a set of cards, with images of animals on one side and their cultural meanings in Chinese artistic tradition on the other. (展览组织者制作了一套卡片，一边是动物的图像，另一边是它们在中国艺术传统中的文化意义。)”可推断，Lively Creatures－Animals in Chinese Art展览展出的绘画展示了中国文化的魅力。] 3．C　[推理判断题。根据倒数第二段的“‘It's kind of eye­opening and we're bringing the world together，’ says Makar, an educator with the school outreach and education programs of the museum. ‘There are so many similarities as well as beautiful differences, and we are just trying to understand and appreciate one another.’(‘这有点让人大开眼界，我们把世界连在了一起，’负责博物馆学校外展和教育项目的教育工作者马卡尔说。‘我们有很多相似之处，也有很多美丽的不同点，我们只是在努力理解和欣赏彼此。’)”可知，马卡尔认为博物馆的展览让人大开眼界，不同的文化有相似也有不同，增进彼此的理解和欣赏。因此推断他认为参观博物馆是信息丰富并且多元化的。] 4．A　[推理判断题。根据最后一段Howard说的话“I think having access to seeing what other cultures have created, what they valued and appreciated, and what was important to them, is really important in building that understanding about all the people we share this planet with. (我认为，有机会了解其他文化创造了什么，他们重视和欣赏什么，以及对他们来说重要的是什么，这对于建立与我们共享这个星球的所有人的理解非常重要。)”可知，Howard认为通过参观博物馆可以让人们了解其他文化，因此推断他认为建立博物馆可以在不同文化之间架起桥梁。] 阅读B 主题：人与社会 体裁：说明文 话题：倭黑猩猩很可能与人类一样展示文化形式 (2024·西北工业大学附属中模拟)Human societies developed food preferences based on what was available and what the group decided it liked most. Those preferences were then passed along as part of the set of socially learned behaviors, values, knowledge and customs that make up culture. Besides humans, many other social animals are believed to exhibit forms of culture in various ways, too. In fact, according to a new study led by Harvard scientist Liran Samuni, bonobos (倭黑猩猩), one of our closest living relatives, could be the latest addition to the list. The researchers studied the hunting and feeding habits of two neighboring groups of bonobos at the Kokolopori Bonobo Reserve in the Democratic Republic of Congo. Analyzing the data, they saw many similarities in the lives of the two bonobo groups, given the names the Ekalakala and the Kokoalongo. They also both have the access and opportunity to hunt the same kind of prey (猎物). This, however, is precisely where researchers noticed a striking difference. The groups consistently preferred to hunt and feast on two different types of prey. The Ekalakala group went after an anomalure that is capable of moving through the air from tree to tree. The Kokoalongo group, on the other hand, favored a duiker that lives on the forest floor. “It's basically like two human cultures exploiting a common resource in different ways，” says Samuni. “Think about two cultures living close to each other but having different preferences: One prefers chicken while the other is more of a beefeating culture.” Using statistical modeling, the scientists found this behavior happens independent of factors like the location of the hunts, their timing or the season. In fact, the researchers' model found that the only variable that could reliably predict prey preference was whether the hunters were team Ekalakala or team Kokoalongo. The researchers haven't yet investigated how the bonobo groups learned this hunting preference, but through their analysis they were able to rule out ecological factors or genetic differences. Basically, it means all evidence points toward this being a learned social behavior. “If our closest living relatives have some cultural traits (特征), then it's likely our ancestors already had some capacity for culture，” Samuni says. 5．What do Paragraphs 3 and 4 mainly talk about? A．The findings of the study. B．The process of the study. C．The background of the study. D．The challenges of doing the study. 6．How does Samuni perceive the two bonobo groups' different hunting preferences? A．They are an unusual phenomenon. B．They are a learned social behavior. C．They contradict human cultures. D．They show bonobos' high intelligence. 7．Which of the following could influence the bonobos' prey preference? A．The timing of hunting. B．Their hunting techniques. C．The communities they belong to. D．Their surrounding environment. 8．What might the findings of the bonobos' hunting preference indicate, according to the text? A．When human society was born. B．How human society developed. C．What helped human culture evolve. D．How human culture first appeared. [语篇解读]　本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍的是哈佛科学家研究发现，倭黑猩猩很可能与人类一样以各种方式展示文化形式。 5．A　[主旨大意题。根据第三段中的“Analyzing the data, they saw many similarities in the lives of the two bonobo groups, given the names the Ekalakala and the Kokoalongo. They also both have the access and opportunity to hunt the same kind of prey (猎物). This, however, is precisely where researchers noticed a striking difference.(通过分析数据，他们发现了两个倭黑猩猩群体生活的许多相似之处，分别被命名为Ekalakala和Kokoalongo。它们也都有机会捕捉到相同种类的猎物。然而，这正是研究人员注意到的显著差异。)”可知，分析数据发现了两个倭黑猩猩群体生活的许多相似之处和第四段“The groups consistently preferred to hunt and feast on two different types of prey. The Ekalakala group went after an anomalure that is capable of moving through the air from tree to tree. The Kokoalongo group, on the other hand, favored a duiker that lives on the forest floor.(这些群体一直喜欢狩猎和享用两种不同类型的猎物。Ekalakala群体追寻一种能够在空中从一棵树移动到另一棵树的鳞尾鼯鼠。另一方面，Kokoalongo群体偏爱生活在森林地面上的小羚羊。)”可知，研究发现这些群体一直喜欢两种不同类型的猎物，由此可知，第三段和第四段讲述的是研究的发现。] 6．B　[推理判断题。根据第五段中的“‘It's basically like two human cultures exploiting a common resource in different ways，’ says Samuni...is more of a beef­eating culture.”可知，Samuni认为这基本就像两种人类的文化以不同的方式利用共同的资源，结合倒数第二段中的“The researchers haven't yet investigated how the bonobo groups learned this hunting preference, but through their analysis they were able to rule out ecological factors or genetic differences.(研究人员还没有调查倭黑猩猩群体是如何学习到这种狩猎偏好的，但通过分析，它们能够排除生态因素或基因差异。)”可知，研究人员没有发现倭黑猩猩如何学习这种狩猎偏好，而且也不是生态或基因因素引起，由此可知，Samuni认为两个倭黑猩猩群体不同狩猎偏好是一种习得的社会行为。] 7．C　[推理判断题。根据第六段中的“In fact, the researchers' model found that the only variable that could reliably predict prey preference was whether the hunters were team Ekalakala or team Kokoalongo.(事实上，研究人员的模型发现，唯一能够可靠地预测猎物偏好的变量是猎人是Ekalakala群体还是Kokoalongo群体。)”可知，唯一可靠的变量是它们是Ekalakala群体还是Kokoalongo群体，由此推断，它们所属的群体会影响倭黑猩猩的猎物偏好。] 8．D　[推理判断题。根据首段中的“‘Human societies developed food preferences based on what was available and what the group decided it liked most, then it's likely our ancestors already had some capacity for culture，’Samuni says.”可知，Samuni认为，倭黑猩猩作为我们的近亲有一些文化特征，那我们的祖先很可能也有文化能力，由此可以推断，倭黑猩猩狩猎偏好的发现可能表明人类文化最初是如何出现的。] Ⅱ.阅读七选五 主题：人与社会 体裁：说明文 话题：建立自信的方法 Confidence is at the heart of every successful person and it holds the key to success. Regardless of how knowledgeable you are in your professional field, if you lack confidence your success will be limited. __1__ The following are 3 key tricks you may learn to increase your confidence. Know yourself. Take a long hard look in the mirror and make an honest and accurate assessment of your strengths and weaknesses. __2__ as this will increase your confidence. Meanwhile，take an effective approach toward improving your weaknesses. We all have areas in our professional and personal lives that need to be improved. Ignoring them does not make them go away. __3__ Dress for success. Whether you like it or not, people make judgments about you based upon how you dress. You only have one chance to make a good first impression. From a confidence perspective, how you dress directly reflects how you feel about yourself. __4__ if you are wearing a business suit or sweat pants and a Tshirt. Therefore, be highly aware of your appearance. Dress in a manner that reflects who you are and how you want to be perceived. __5__. You can increase your confidence by seeking out one new challenge at a time. Research shows confident people consistently seek out new challenges. Move on to the next one when one challenge is successfully achieved. Success builds upon itself, therefore, success brings success－all fueled by increased confidence! A．Steady as you go B．Put pressure on yourself C．Continue to build upon your strengths D．Research shows that you will feel differently about yourself E．What you wear will unintentionally show your weaknesses to those around you F．On the contrary, it only holds back your success and keeps your confidence low G．Actually, confidence isn't what you're born with, but something learned over time [语篇解读]　这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了一些建立自信的方法。 1．G　[根据后文“The following are 3 key tricks you may learn to increase your confidence.(你可以学习以下3个关键技巧来增强自信。)”可知，后文提到了建立自信的技巧，可见自信是可以培养的。故G选项“事实上，自信并不是与生俱来的，而是随着时间的推移学会的”符合语境。] 2．C　[根据上文“Know yourself. Take a long hard look in the mirror and make an honest and accurate assessment of your strengths and weaknesses.(了解自己。认真地长时间地照照镜子，诚实而准确地评估一下自己的优缺点。)”以及后文“as this will increase your confidence.(因为这会增加你的自信)”可知，本句是在说明建立优势来增加自信。故C选项“继续建立你的优势”符合语境。] 3．F　[根据上文“We all have areas in our professional and personal lives that need to be improved. Ignoring them does not make them go away.(我们在工作和个人生活中都有需要改进的地方。忽视它们并不能让它们消失。)”可知，上文提到了忽视需要改进的地方不会让它消失，本句为本段最后一句，故承接上文继续说明其影响：恰恰相反，它只会阻碍你的成功，让你保持低信心。故F选项“恰恰相反，它只会阻碍你的成功，让你保持低信心”符合语境。] 4．D　[根据上文“Whether you like it or not, people make judgments about you based upon how you dress. You only have one chance to make a good first impression. From a confidence perspective, how you dress directly reflects how you feel about yourself.(不管你喜不喜欢，人们会根据你的穿着来判断你。你只有一次机会留下好的第一印象。从自信的角度来看，你的穿着直接反映了你对自己的感觉。)”以及后文“if you are wearing a business suit or sweat pants and a T­shirt(如果你穿的是西装或运动裤和T恤)”可知，后文列举了穿西装或运动裤和T恤两种不同类型的衣服，可知本句旨在说明衣服让自己对自己的不同感觉。故D选项“研究表明，你会对自己有不同的感觉”符合语境。] 5．A　[根据后文“You can increase your confidence by seeking out one new challenge at a time. Research shows confident people consistently seek out new challenges. Move on to the next one when one challenge is successfully achieved. Success builds upon itself, therefore, success brings success—all fueled by increased confidence！(你可以通过每次接受一个新的挑战来增强自信。研究表明，自信的人总是寻求新的挑战。当你成功地完成一个挑战时，就可以继续下一个挑战。成功是建立在自己的基础上的，因此，成功带来成功——这一切都是由更大的信心所推动的！)”可知，本段主旨是通过一次次挑战来建立自信，即通过过程来慢慢建立自信。故A选项“慢慢建立自信”符合语境。] Ⅲ.语法填空 主题：人与社会 体裁：说明文 话题：汉服的流行引领了国风国潮 Hanfu came to the public stage in 2018. Now this then led to the emergence of guochao which basically means 1.________ (nation) trend. The social media has definitely taken hanfu from a Gen Z niche hobby (Z世代的小众爱好) to a passionate consumerdriven market. Zhong May, a Hanfu enthusiast said that she 2.________ (get) very positive feedback and her movements went along with each hanfu 3.________ she wore. Obviously, we have to be slow and reserve all these different things. Hanfu has become 4.________ art form, so a lot of people mix and match it 5.________ modern things. Cai Shangwei, the director of the center of culture industry in Sichuan University, explains that complex and profound social and cultural 6.________ (factor) have contributed to the rise of hanfu. But in the end, it all comes down to decades of stable 7.________ (develop) in China. As our country enters an era of prosperity, our cultural confidence gets 8.________ (boost)． Since young people enjoy buying fashion items to express their identity, hanfu meets the psychological need of the young generation to stay stylish and unique. Moreover, the design of hanfu is very 9.________ (visual) appealing and elegant, like a fairy.10.________ (vote) by more and more young consumers as a favorable style, hanfu is gaining strong momentum (势头) to stay on trend. [语篇解读]　本文为一篇说明文。文章主要介绍的是汉服的流行引领了国风国潮。 1．national　[考查形容词。句意：现在这又导致了国潮的出现，这基本上意味着民族潮流。分析句子可知，空处应为形容词修饰空后名词trend，表示“民族的，国家的”，故填national。] 2．had got　[考查过去完成时态。句意：汉服爱好者钟梅说，她得到了非常积极的反馈，她的动作也随着她穿的每一件汉服而变化。分析可知空处表示的动作在said之前，said为过去式，空处表示过去的过去，应为过去完成时，故填had got。] 3．that/which　[考查定语从句。句意：汉服爱好者钟梅说，她得到了非常积极的反馈，她的动作也随着她穿的每一件汉服而变化。分析可知，从句修饰先行词each hanfu，表示物，在从句中作wore的宾语，故填that/which。] 4．an　[考查冠词。句意：汉服已经成为一种艺术形式，所以很多人把它与现代事物混合搭配。分析可知空后art form为名词短语表示“艺术形式”，form为可数名词单数形式，art为元音音素开头的单词，空处应为不定冠词an表示泛指，故填an。] 5．with　[考查固定短语。句意：汉服已经成为一种艺术形式，所以很多人把它与现代事物混合搭配。match...with...为固定短语，表示“将……和……搭配起来”，故填with。] 6．factors　[考查主谓一致。句意：四川大学文化产业中心主任蔡尚伟解释，复杂而深刻的社会文化因素促成了汉服的兴起。分析可知that引导宾语从句，空处为从句的主语，结合助动词have可知主语为名词复数，故填factors。] 7．development　[考查名词。句意：但归根结底，这一切都要归功于中国几十年的稳定发展。分析可知，空前形容词stable作定语修饰空处名词，development为不可数名词，故填development。] 8．boosted　[考查形容词。句意：随着我们的国家进入繁荣的时代，我们的文化信心得到提升。分析可知，gets为系动词，表示“被提升的”用过去分词，故填boosted。] 9．visually　[考查副词。句意：而且，汉服的设计非常具有视觉吸引力和优雅，就像仙女一样。分析可知，空后的appealing与elegant为并列形容词，空处应为副词修饰形容词，故填visually。] 10．Being voted/Voted　[考查分词。句意：越来越多的年轻消费者投票认为汉服是一种受欢迎的风格，汉服正以强劲的势头来紧跟潮流。分析可知hanfu与vote为逻辑上的被动关系，空处应为过去分词作状语。也可用现在分词的被动语态。句首首字母大写，故填Being voted/Voted。] Ⅳ.应用文写作(新闻报道)◄ 假定你是李华，上周五你校组织了一场关于保护方言的重要性的讲座，请你为校英文报写一篇新闻报道，内容包括： 1．讲座时间和参加人员； 2．讲座的内容； 3．活动意义。 注意：1.写作词数应为80左右； 2．请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。 Protecting Dialects ________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________ [参考范文] Protecting Dialects Last Friday, all Senior Three students participated in a speech concerning protecting dialects. From this speech, we were aware that a dialect, carriers of local culture and history, was not only beneficial to the inheritance of local cultures, but also could make people from the same region more closely connected. In addition, some expressions in dialects made it easier and more efficient for locals to communicate. This activity proved to be a great success, making us understand the importance of protecting dialects from a more comprehensive and deeper angle. More importantly, it also inspired us to take relevant measures immediately. 9 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$