必修3 UNIT 8 GREEN LIVING-【创新教程】2025年高考英语总复习大一轮课时作业word（北师大版）

课时冲关8　UNIT 8　 GREEN LIVING Ⅰ.阅读理解 主题语境：人与自然 体裁：议论文 话题：电动、燃油汽车的环保性 (2024·南京二模)Which is better for Earth: an electric or gas­powered vehicle? The answer to this question might seem blindingly obvious: Of course electric cars must be better for the environment, because they don't give off greenhouse gases as people drive.However, electric vehicles (EVs) aren't perfect, and they come with their own set of polluting problems.Their batteries require a large amount of energy to produce. Battery production is just one part of an electric car's life span.A study looked at the entire life cycle of an EV's emissions (排放), from mining the metals for the batteries to producing the electricity needed to power them, and then compared this with the average emissions of a gas­powered vehicle.The team found that when EVs are charged with coal­powered electricity, they're actually worse for the environment than gas­powered cars. “Only when connected to the dirtiest, coal­heavy electric grids (电网) do gas­powered cars become comparable to EVs on a greenhouse gas basis，” said Colin Sheppard, an expert in energy and transportation systems.That's why more and more countries are decreasing the power supply from coal.In China, the national grid is improving with more investments in renewable energy.For example, it has twice as much wind energy capacity as the U．S.and it builds more solar panels per year than any other countries. Sheppard modelled a future in which all cars were electric.“We wanted to understand what it might be like if all passenger vehicles are electrified.” For example, Sheppard calculated that if all vehicles in the U．S.were electric, it would reduce greenhouse­gas emissions by 46% every year.This reduction could be increased even further if those vehicles were using a technique known as “smart charging” in which cars are recharged at chosen times (often at night) to reduce the cost of electricity. In short, it's far easier to argue in favor of buying an EV than a gas­powered vehicle.But what about the cost? Aren't electric vehicles too expensive for most people? 1．In which case do EVs get more heavy­polluted than gas­powered cars? A．Being powered only by batteries. B．Consuming coal­powered electricity. C．Starting to give off greenhouse gases. D．Replacing gas­powered vehicles entirely. 2．What is greatly promoted in China now according to the text? A．Renewable energy. B．Electric vehicles. C．Coal­powered supply. D．Public transport. 3．How does Sheppard model the future of EVs? A．With a discussion. B．With an examination. C．With a calculation. D．With a questionaire. 4．What might the paragraph following the passage be about? A．Inventing green gas­powered vehicles. B．Developing environment­friendly grids. C．Making electric vehicles more affordable. D．Getting rid of fossil energy like coal and oil. [语篇解读]　这是一篇议论文。文章主要讨论了电动汽车和燃油汽车哪个更环保。 1．B　[细节理解题。根据第二段关键句“The team found that when EVs are charged with coal­powered electricity, they're actually worse for the environment than gas­powered cars.(研究小组发现，当电动汽车使用燃煤电力充电时，它们对环境的危害实际上比汽油动力汽车更严重。)”可知，当电动汽车使用燃煤电力时，比汽油动力汽车造成的污染更严重。] 2．A　[细节理解题。根据第三段关键句“In China, the national grid is improving with more investments in renewable energy.For example, it has twice as much wind energy capacity as the U．S.and it builds more solar panels per year than any other countries.(在中国，随着对可再生能源的投资更多，国家电网正在改善。例如，中国的风能容量是美国的两倍，每年建造的太阳能电池板比其他任何国家都多。)”可知，中国目前致力于发展可再生能源，加大对可再生能源的投资，由此可知，目前中国大力推广的是可再生能源。] 3．C　[细节理解题。根据倒数第二段关键句“Sheppard modelled a future in which all cars were electric.‘We wanted to understand what it might be like if all passenger vehicles are electrified.’ For example, Sheppard calculated that if all vehicles in the U．S.were electric, it would reduce greenhouse­gas emissions by 46% every year.(Sheppard建立了一个未来所有汽车都是电动的模式。‘我们想了解如果所有乘用车都通电会是什么样子。’例如，Sheppard计算出，如果美国所有的汽车都是电动的，那么每年温室气体排放量将减少46%。)”可知，Sheppard通过计算为电动汽车的未来建立模型。] 4．C　[推理判断题。根据最后一段内容“In short, it's far easier to argue in favor of buying an EV than a gas­powered vehicle.But what about the cost? Aren't electric vehicles too expensive for most people？(简言之，支持购买电动汽车比支持汽油动力汽车要容易得多。但是费用呢？电动汽车对大多数人来说不是太贵了吗？)”可知，最后一段提出一个问题，虽然电动汽车具有环保性，但太贵了，大多数人买不起，由此可知，文章接下来的段落讨论的可能是使电动汽车价格更合理的问题。] Ⅱ.完形填空 主题语境：人与社会 体裁：说明文 话题：19届亚运会首次使用碳中和的赛事 The recently concluded 19th Asian Games were __1__ the most spectacular sporting event of the year, with 15 world records broken. The Games featured 11, 830 athletes from 45 Asian countries and regions who __2__ in Hangzhou, Zhejiang Province, to __3__ for 481 gold medals in 40 sports at 56 competition venues. These 45 countries __4__ 55 percent of the world's population. Notably, the total number of participants exceeded (超过) the 10, 000 athletes registered for the Paris 2024 Summer Olympics. Meanwhile, as the first significant carbon­neutral sporting event, the Asian Games __5__ environmentally friendly guidelines into all aspects of planning and operations. The Games put green theories into __6__ throughout, from construction and transportation to energy sourcing and waste management. Similar plans were carried out in the Asian Games Village, where athletes and officials could earn low­carbon points by adopting nearly 20 green behaviors, such as __7__ food wastage, practicing green travel and sorting garbage. These points could be __8__ or low­carbon souvenirs. Hangzhou provided __9__ memories for all Asians. The Asian Games Village and catering and cultural services received widespread __10__ from athletes, who frequently expressed their admiration for the accommodations and restaurants. Moreover, competitors rated __11__ the atmosphere and sportsmanship displayed among athletes. The Asian Games showcased China's organizational capabilities and __12__ its spirit of fair play and diversity and the unity of Asian cultures. President Xi Jinping __13__ for collective efforts to make Asia “an anchor of world peace”. He also __14__ that the Asian Games should represent “the Asian people's shared __15__ for peace, unity and inclusiveness (兼容并蓄)”． 1．A.normally　　　 B．unexpectedly C．undoubtedly D．fortunately 2．A.volunteered B．travelled C．gathered D．struggled 3．A.compete B．apply C．hope D．long 4．A.take up B．make up C．pick up D．hold up 5．A.broke B．persuaded C．transformed D．introduced 6．A.practice B．theory C．balance D．contribution 7．A.minimizing B．developing C．ignoring D．ending 8．A.created B．improved C．replaced D．exchanged 9．A.remarkable B．available C．responsible D．understandable 10．A.criticism B．praise C．doubt D．tension 11．A.flexibly B．personally C．regularly D．highly 12．A.attracted B．highlighted C．reminded D．judged 13．A.answered B．apologized C．called D．voted 14．A.promoted B．proved C．warned D．stressed 15．A.pressure B．desire C．behavior D．technique [语篇解读]　本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了第19届亚运会在浙江省杭州市举行，这是首次实现碳中和的体育赛事，受到了广泛的赞誉。 1．C　[考查副词词义辨析。句意：刚刚结束的第19届亚运会无疑是本年度最壮观的体育赛事，有15项世界纪录被打破。A.normally正常地；B.unexpectedly意外地；C.undoubtedly无疑地；D.fortunately幸运地。根据“with 15 world records broken.”可知，第19届亚运会有15项世界纪录被打破，无疑是本年度最壮观的体育赛事。] 2．C　[考查动词词义辨析。句意：本届亚运会共有来自45个亚洲国家和地区的11 830名运动员齐聚浙江杭州，在56个比赛场馆的40个项目中争夺481枚金牌。A.volunteered自愿；B.travelled旅行；C.gathered聚集；D.struggled努力。根据“The Games featured 11,830 athletes from 45 Asian countries and regions”可知，45个亚洲国家和地区的运动员聚集到杭州，参加亚运会。] 3．A　[考查动词词义辨析。句意：本届亚运会共有来自45个亚洲国家和地区的11 830名运动员齐聚浙江杭州，在56个比赛场馆的40个项目中争夺481枚金牌。A.compete竞争；B.apply申请；C.hope希望；D.long向往。compete for角逐。根据“481 gold medals in 40 sports at 56 competition venues.”可知，这些来自亚洲的运动员角逐40个项目中的481枚金牌。] 4．B　[考查动词短语词义辨析。句意：这45个国家占世界人口的55%。A.take up占据；B.make up组成；C.pick up捡起；D.hold up举起。根据“55 percent of the world's population.”可知，参加亚运会的45个国家组成了世界人口的55%。] 5．D　[考查动词词义辨析。句意：同时，作为首个重要的碳中和体育赛事，亚运会在规划和动作的各个方面都引入了环保准则。A.broke打破；B.persuaded劝服；C.transformed改变；D.introduced引进。根据“environmentally friendly guidelines into all aspects of planning and operations.”可知，杭州亚运会把环保理念引进各个方面。] 6．A　[考查名词词义辨析。句意：从建筑和交通到能源采购和废物管理，亚运会将绿色理论付诸实践。A.practice 练习，实践；B.theory理论；C.balance平衡；D.contribution贡献。根据“The Games put green theories into”可知，杭州亚运会把绿色理论运用于实践。] 7．A　[考查动词词义辨析。句意：在亚运村，运动员和官员可以通过采取近20种绿色行为来获得低碳积分，比如尽量减少食物浪费、绿色出行和垃圾分类。A.minimizing将……减到最少；B.developing发展；C.ignoring忽略；D.ending结束。根据“food wastage”可知，减少食物浪费。] 8．D　[考查动词词义辨析。句意：这些积分可以兑换成低碳纪念品。A.created创造；B.improved提升；C.replaced代替；D.exchanged交换。根据“or low­carbon souvenirs.”可知，低碳积分可以兑换成低碳纪念品。] 9．A　[考查形容词词义辨析。句意：杭州给所有亚洲人留下了难忘的回忆。A.remarkable非凡的；B.available可利用的；C.responsible负责的；D.understandable可理解的。根据“memories for all Asians.”可知，杭州通过亚运会给人们留下非凡的回忆。] 10．B　[考查名词词义辨析。句意：亚运村的餐饮和文化服务受到运动员的广泛赞誉，他们经常对亚运村的住宿和餐厅表示赞赏。A.criticism批评；B.praise赞扬；C.doubt怀疑；D.tension紧张。根据“who frequently expressed their admiration for the accommodations and restaurants.”可知，亚运村的餐饮和文化服务受到运动员的广泛赞扬。] 11．D　[考查副词词义辨析。句意：此外，参赛者对运动员表现出的体育精神和氛围给予了高度评价。A.flexibly灵活地；B.personally亲自地；C.regularly有规律地；D.highly高度地。根据“Moreover”并结合上文对运动员们对亚运村的赞誉可知，参赛者对运动员表现出的体育精神和氛围评价很高。] 12．B　[考查动词词义辨析。句意：亚运会展示了中国的组织能力，突出了公平竞争、多样性和亚洲文化团结的精神。A.attracted吸引；B.highlighted强调，突出；C.reminded提醒；D.judged判断。根据“its spirit of fair play and diversity and the unity of Asian cultures.”可知，杭州亚运会突出了亚洲文化的多样性和团结亚洲各国的共同愿望。] 13．C　[考查动词词义辨析。句意：习近平主席呼吁各国共同努力，使亚洲成为“世界和平之锚”。A.answered回答；B.apologized道歉；C.called打电话，感召，召集；D.voted投票。call for号召。根据“for collective efforts to make Asia ‘an anchor of world peace’．”可知，习近平主席号召大家一起努力，让亚洲成为世界和平的支柱。] 14．D　[考查动词词义辨析。句意：他还强调，亚运会应该代表“亚洲人民对和平、团结和包容的共同愿望”。A.promoted提升；B.proved证明；C.warned警告；D.stressed强调。根据“that the Asian Games should represent ‘the Asian people's shared ____15____ for peace，unity and inclusiveness(兼容并蓄)’．”可知，这里指习近平主席强调的内容。] 15．B　[考查名词词义辨析。句意：他还强调，亚运会应该代表“亚洲人民对和平、团结和包容的共同愿望”。A.pressure压力；B.desire要求，愿望；C.behavior行为；D.technique技术。根据“for peace，unity and inclusiveness(兼容并蓄)．”可知，习近平主席强调亚运会应该代表对和平、团结和包容的共同愿望。] 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$