(普查练习)第18课 完形填空-【提分宝典】2025年新高考英语一轮全考点普查随堂课后练

2024-10-16
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第 18 课 完形填空 普查与练习 18 完形填空 两篇文学透 一、阅读下面短文,从每题所给的 A、B、C、D 四个选项中 选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 (新高考Ⅰ经典真题) Molai grew up in a tiny village in India. The village lay near some wetlands which became his second   (1)  . He learned the value and beauty of nature there from a very young age. When he was 16, Molai began to notice something   (2)   happening around his home. A flood had hit the area earlier that year and the   (3)   it caused had driven away a number of birds.   (4)  , the number of snakes had declined as well. He realized that it was because there weren’t enough trees to protect them from the   (5)  . The solution, of course, was to plant trees so the animals could seek   (6)   during the daytime. He turned to the   (7)   department for help but was told that nothing would grow there. However, Molai went looking on his own and discovered a nearby island where he began to plant trees. Watering young plants in the dry season was tough for a lone boy. Molai built at the top of each sapling(幼树)a bamboo platform, where he placed earthen pots with small holes to collect rainwater. The water would then drip(滴落)on the plants below. Molai continued to plant trees for the next 37 years. His efforts have resulted in 1,360 acres of naturally-grown land that has become home to many plants and animals. 1. 利用语境暗示解题 复习要点 *了解语境暗示的命题规律,并利用命题规律准确解题。 (1) A. dream B. job C. home D. choice 答案:C 解析:跳读全文可知,文章主要讲述了Molai植树造 林的事迹;再根据最后一段“Molai continued to plant trees for the next 37 years. His efforts have resulted in 1,360 acres of naturally-grown land that has become home to many plants and animals.”可知,Molai用了37年的时间植树造林,并把毕生的努力都奉献在了这块林地里。由此可知,Molai 将这里视为他的第二 家园(home),故选C项。 (2) A. precious B. interesting C. disturbing D. awkward 答案:C 解析:根据设空后的“A flood had hit the area earlier that year and the _______ it caused had driven away a number of birds. _______, the number of snakes had declined as well.”可知,那年早些时候,一场洪水淹 没了这个地区,致使许多鸟类都飞走了,蛇的数量 也在减少。由此可推断,洪水破坏了该地的自然环 境,使动物无法生存,所以令人不安(disturbing),故选C项。分析其他选项,precious意为“珍贵的”; interesting意为“有趣的”;awkward意为“尴尬的”,均不符合语境。 (3) A. waste B. tension C. pain D. damage 答案:D 解析:根据设空前的 A flood had hit the area earlier that year 可知,那年早些时候,一场洪水袭击了该地区。设空后的it指代A flood,此处指的应该是洪水造成的破坏(damage)给动物带来的影响,故选D项。分析其他选项,waste意为“浪费”;tension意为“紧张”;pain意为“痛苦”,均不符合语境。 2. 利用句间逻辑关系解题 复习要点 *准确理解句意,并利用前后句间的逻辑关系解题。 (4) A. Besides B. However C. Therefore D. Otherwise 答案:A 解析:根据设空前句的“the _______ it caused had driven away a number of birds”可知,洪水已经造成了大量鸟类的迁徙;根据设空后的“the number of snakes had declined as well”可知,蛇的数量也减少了。根据设空前后句语意,尤其根据as well的提示可知,两句意义上为递进关系,故选A项。 3. 利用生活常识辅助解题 复习要点 *根据上下文语境并利用生活常识辅助解题。 (5)A. noise B. heat C. disease D. dust 答案:B 解析:联系上文可知,水灾破坏了当地的植被。结合生活常识可知,树木可以提供荫凉,从而保护动物们免受炎热天气的影响,heat符合此处语境,故选B项。分析其他选项,noise意为“噪音”;disease意为“疾病”;dust意为“灰尘”,均不符合语境。 4. 利用近义词复现解题 复习要点 *关注文章与选项中意义相近的词汇,并利用近义词复现解题。 (6)A. directions B. partners C. help D. shelter 答案:D 解析:根据设空前一句可知,动物数量减少的原因是没有足够的树木来保护它们免受炎热天气的影响。由此可知,种树是为了动物们能找到遮蔽物(shelter),故选D项。 (7)A. labor B. police C. forest D. finance 答案:C 解析:根据设空前句中的“The solution, of course, was to plant trees...”可知,解决问题的唯一方法就是种树,由此可推断出 Molai 应该向林业部门寻求帮助,forest 符合题意,故选C项。trees 是近义词复现提示。 二、阅读下面短文,从每题所给的 A、B、C、D 四个选项中 选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 (2023 全国Ⅰ真题) To become the Olympic champion in the individual(个人)all-around event, Gabby Douglas had to leave everything she knew best. She had to pack up her bedroom in Virginia. She had to say goodbye to her two dogs and to the beach, where she loved to   (8)   waves on her board. But it was time to take the leap(飞跃), however heartbreaking it would be. Even at 14, Douglas knew that. So she went off about 1,200 miles away from home, to train with a coach from China. She lived with a family she had never met and everything was new to her. As it turned out, Douglas did exactly what she needed to do to become Olympic champion when she defeated two Russians. The Chinese coach   (9)   Douglas into one of the best gymnasts in the world, helping her skyrocket from an   (10)   member of the national team to the top of the sport. By winning the Olympic all-around title, she became the first black woman to do so. She led the competition from beginning to end. She said she had felt confident all along that she would win. Not so long ago, Martha Karolyi, the coordinator(联络人)of the women’s national team, did not think Douglas had what it took to be an Olympian. As time went by, she thought more and more that she could make the London Games—and win. “I’m going to inspire so many people,” she said. “I’m ready to   (11)   .” And shine she did. 5. 利用语境暗示,准确理解词义解题 复习要点 *利用上下文语境,准确把握一词多义的词汇在句中的具体含义。 (8)A. cause B. observe C. ride D. strike 答案:C 解析:根据设空后的waves on her board可知,此处表示冲浪,ride除了有“骑;驾驶;乘坐”之意外,还有“漂浮;飘浮”之意,ride the waves意为“踏浪而行”,故选C项。分析其他选项,cause意为“导致;引起”;observe意为“观察”;strike意为“打击”,均不符合语境。 6. 利用固定搭配解题 复习要点 *牢记常见的固定搭配或习惯用法。 (9) A. forced B. transformed C. persuaded D. put 答案:B 解析:根据设空后的Douglas into one of the best gymnasts in the world并结合语境可知,这位中国教练让Douglas变成了世界上最好的体操运动员之一,transform... into... 是固定搭配,意为“使……变成……”,故选B项。分析其他选项,force意为“强迫”;persuade意为“劝说”;put意为“放”,均不符合语境。 7. 利用反义词提示解题 复习要点 *关注文章与选项中意义相反的词汇,并结合语境解题。 (10) A. amateur B. elected C. average D. enthusiastic 答案:C 解析:根据空格前后的from... to...结构并结合第三段中Martha Karolyi对Douglas的态度上的转变可知,空格处应填与top语意相反的词,从而体现出Douglas的变化,结合选项可知,此处表示帮助Douglas从国家队的普通(average)队员一跃成为这项运动的顶尖选手,故选C项。分析其他选项,amateur意为“业余爱好的”;elected意为“当选的”;enthusiastic意为“热情的”,均不符合语境。 8. 利用原词复现解题 复习要点 *敏锐观察文章与选项中同一语境下的重复词汇。 (11) A. shine B. fly C. dance D. score 答案:A 解析:设空后一句“And shine she did.”旨在肯定上文说的话。结合设空前的I’m going to inspire so many people可知,此处表示她准备好发光(shine)了。shine是对此空的原词复现提示,故选A项。分析其他选项,fly意为“飞行”;dance意为“跳舞”;score意为“得分”,均不符合语境。 随堂普查练 18 阅读下面短文,从每题所给的 A、B、C、D 四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 A (2023 新高考Ⅱ真题) In April last year, I saw a post on the PNP(Pilots N Paws) website from a family in Topeka. They had to move to Virginia but they were on a very tight   (1)  . They could not afford to pay for   (2)   for their dog, Tiffy, and   (3)   wanted to take her with them. It just   (4)   that I was planning another PNP flight with another pilot, Karen, who   (5)   to take Tiffy from Kansas City to Virginia. What I was to do was fly to Topeka to   (6)   Tiffy. When I met Tiffy’s owners, they seemed very   (7)  . George, the husband, was trying to be calm, but I could tell this was   (8)   for him, having to leave his dog to a   (9)   and trust that everything would   (10)  . After some goodbyes, I asked George and his wife to help me   (11)   Tiffy into the plane. I promised to take care of Tiffy and   (12)   them as soon as we got to Kansas City. The flight was   (13)  , and Tiffy was a great passenger. The next day, she   (14)   with Karen and made it back to George in Virginia within a few days. He was so   (15)   and sent me a nice e-mail with pictures. It felt great to know that I had helped bring this family together again. (1) A. turn B. budget C. schedule D. connection (2) A. food B. shelter C. medicine D. transportation (3) A. desperately B. temporarily C. secretly D. originally (4) A. appeared B. proved C. happened D. showed (5) A. waited B. offered C. hurried D. failed (6) A. see off B. look for C. hand over D. pick up (7) A. confused B. nervous C. annoyed D. curious (8) A. hard B. fine C. common D. lucky (9) A. coworker B. passenger C. stranger D. neighbor (10) A. speed up B. work out C. come back D. take off (11) A. feed B. follow C. change D. load (12) A. call B. join C. leave D. serve (13) A. unnecessary B. unexpected C. unavoidable D. uneventful (14) A. returned B. fought C. flew D. agreed (15) A. thankful B. generous C. proud D. sympathetic (1)答案:B 解析:根据设空后的“They could not afford to pay for ______ for their dog, Tiffy”中的关键词could not afford可知,这家人生活比较拮据,on a very tight budget意为“预算非常紧张”,符合语境,故选B项。分析其他选项,turn意为“转折点”;schedule意为“时间表”;connection意为“联系”,均不符合语境。 (2)答案:D 解析:根据设空前的They had to move to Virginia和设空后的wanted to take her with them 可知,这家人想要带上宠物狗一起搬到弗吉尼亚州,但是由于预算非常紧张,他们负担不起狗的运输(transportation)费用,故选D项。分析其他选项,food意为“食物”;shelter意为“庇护”;medicine意为“药”,均不符合语境。 (3)答案:A 解析:前文提到这家人负担不起狗的运输费用,结合第三段中狗主人的表现可知,狗的主人极度在意他们的宠物狗,因此此处应该表示这家人非常(desperately)想把狗一起带走,故选A项。分析其他选项,temporarily意为“暂时地”;secretly意为“秘密地”;originally意为“最初地”,均不符合语境。 (4)答案:C 解析:根据第一段第一句“In April last year, I saw a post on the PNP (Pilots N Paws) website from a family in Topeka.”以及设空后的“I was planning another PNP flight with another pilot, Karen, who _______ to take Tiffy from Kansas City to Virginia”可知,作者在PNP网站上看到一个来自托皮卡市的家庭发布的求助帖,碰巧(happen)作者正在计划和另一名飞行员Karen的另一次PNP飞行,故选C项。分析其他选项,appear意为“出现”;prove意为“证明”;show意为“展示”,均不符合语境。 (5)答案:B 解析:根据后文内容可知,此处应该表示Karen主动提出(offer)帮忙把狗从堪萨斯城带到弗吉尼亚州,故选B项。分析其他选项,wait意为“等待”;hurry意为“匆忙”;fail意为“失败”,均不符合语境。 (6)答案:D 解析:根据前文内容可知,这家人住在托皮卡市,因此作者需要飞到托皮卡市去接(pick up)Tiffy,故选D项。分析其他选项,see off意为“为……送行”;look for意为“寻找”;hand over意为“移交”,均不符合语境。 (7)答案:B 解析:根据设空后的“George, the husband, was trying to be calm”并结合选项可知,Tiffy的主人看起来有点 紧张(nervous),故选B项。分析其他选项,confused意为“困惑的”;annoyed意为“恼怒的”;curious意为“好奇的”,均不符合语境。 (8)答案:A 解析:根据设空前的was trying to be calm以及设空后的“having to leave his dog to a _______ and trust that everything would _______ ”可知,将宠物狗交到陌生人 手中,并相信一切都会解决的,这对于 George 来说 很难(hard),故选A项。分析其他选项,f i ne意为 “好的”;common意为“常见的”;lucky意为“幸运的”,均不符合语境。 (9)答案:C 解析:前文提到作者是从网上发布的帖子里了解到这 家人的困难,并主动帮助他们送狗,因此对于这家人 来说,作者是一位陌生人(stranger),故选C项。分析其他选项,coworker意为“合作者”;passenger意为“乘客”;neighbor意为“邻居”,均不符合语境。 (10)答案:B 解析:根据本句语境可知,狗的主人 George 虽然很紧 张,但是不得不将宠物狗交到陌生人手中,并相信一 切都会进展顺利(work out)的,故选B项。分析其他选项,“speed up”意为“加速”;come back意为“回 来”;take off意为“起飞;脱下”,均不符合语境。 (11)答案:D 解析:根据设空后的 Tiffy into the plane 可知,作者 让 George 夫妇帮忙把 Tiffy 装入(load)飞机,故选D项。分析其他选项,feed意为“喂养”;follow意为 “跟随 ”;change意为“改变”,均不符合语境。 (12)答案:A 解析:根据本句语境可知,作者承诺一到堪萨斯城就 给他们打电话(call),故选A项。分析其他选项,join意为“加入”;leave意为“离开”;serve意为“服务”,均不符合语境。 (13)答案:D 解析:根据设空后的“The next day, she _______ with Karen and made it back to George in Virginia within a few days.”可知,这次飞行太平无事(uneventful),故 选 D 项。分析其他选项,unnecessary意为“没有必要的”;unexpected意为“意想不到的”,unavoidable意为“不可避免的”,均不符合语境。 (14)答案:A 解析:根据设空后的 made it back to George i n Virginia 可知,Karen带Tiffy 返回(return)到了其在 弗吉尼亚州的主人家中,故选A项。分析其他选项,fight意为“打仗;打架”;fly意为“飞”;agree意为“同意”,均不符合语境。 (15)答案:A 解析:根据设空后的 and sent me a nice e-mail with pictures 并结合常识可推知,此处指对于作者的帮忙,George 非常感激(thankful),故选A项。分析其他选项,generous意为“慷慨的”;proud意为“骄傲的”; sympathetic意为“同情的”,均不符合语境。 B (2023 新高考Ⅰ真题) On Oct. 11, hundreds of runners competed in a cross-country race in Minnesota. Melanie Bailey should have   (16)   the course earlier than she did. Her   (17)   came because she was carrying a   (18)   across the finish line. As reported by a local newspaper, Bailey was more than two-thirds of the way through her   (19)   when a runner in front of her began crying in pain. She   (20)   to help her fellow runner, Danielle Lenoue. Bailey took her arm to see if she could walk forward with   (21)  . She couldn’t. Bailey then   (22)   to let Lenoue climb onto her back and carried her all the way to the finish line, then another 300 feet to where Lenoue could get    (23)   attention. Once there, Lenoue was   (24)   and later taken to a hospital, where she learned that she had serious injuries in one of her knees. She would have struggled with extreme   (25)   to make it to that aid checkpoint without Bailey’s help. As for Bailey, she is more   (26)   about why her act is considered a big   (27)  . “She was just crying. I couldn’t   (28)  her,” Bailey told the reporter. “I feel like I was just doing the right thing.” Although the two young women were strangers before the   (29)  , they’ve since become friends. Neither won the race, but the   (30)   of human kindness won the day. (16) A. designed B. followed C. changed D. finished (17) A. delay B. chance C. trouble D. excuse (18) A. judge B. volunteer C. classmate D. competitor (19) A. race B. school C. town D. training (20) A. agreed B. returned C. stopped D. promised (21) A. courage B. aid C. patience D. advice (22) A. went away B. stood up C. stepped aside D. bent down (23) A. medical B. public C. constant D. equal (24) A. interrupted B. assessed C. identified D. appreciated (25) A. hunger B. pain C. cold D. tiredness (26) A. worried B. ashamed C. confused D. discouraged (27) A. game B. problem C. lesson D. deal (28) A. leave B. cure C. bother D. understand (29) A. ride B. test C. meet D. show (30) A. secret B. display C. benefit D. exchange (16)答案:D 解析:根据第二段最后一句中的“Bailey then _______ to let Lenoue climb onto her back and carried her all the way to the f inish line”可知,Bailey 将 Lenoue 背至了终点,所以此处指 Bailey 本应该更早一些跑完 (finish)全程,故选D项。分析其他选项,design意为“设计”;follow意为“跟随”;change意为“改变”,均不符合语境。 (17)答案:A 解析:前文提到 Bailey 本应该更早一些跑完全程,因 此此处表示她耽搁(delay)了比赛,故选A项。分析其他选项,chance意为“机会”;trouble意为“麻烦”; excuse意为“借口”,均不符合语境。 (18)答案:D 解析:根据第二段第一句中的 when a runner in front of her began crying in pain 以及最后一句中的 let Lenoue climb onto her back and carried her all the way to the finish line 可知,Bailey 是背着一名参赛者(competitor)冲过终点线的,故选D项。分析其他选项,judge意为“裁判”;volunteer意为“志愿者”; classmate意为“同学”,均不符合语境。 (19)答案:A 解析:根据第一段第一句中的 hundreds of runners competed in a cross-country race 和设空前的 more than two-thirds of the way through her 可知,此处指Bailey已经跑了比赛(race)全程的三分之二以上,故选A项。分析其他选项,school意为“学校”;town意为“城镇”;training意为“训练”,均不符合语境。 (20)答案:C 解析:根据设空后的 to help her fellow runner 并结合 常识可知,Bailey 停下来(stop)帮助和她一起参赛的选手,故选C项。分析其他选项,agree意为“同意”; return意为“返回”;promise意为“承诺”,均不符合语境。 (21)答案:B 解析:根据设空前的 Bailey took her arm to see if she could walk forward 可知,Bailey 搀着 Lenoue的胳膊 是想看看 Lenoue 是否能在她的帮助(aid)下向前 走,故选B项。分析其他选项,courage意为“勇气”; patience意为“耐心”;advice意为“建议”,均不符合语境。 (22)答案:D 解析:根据设空后的to let Lenoue climb onto her back可知,Bailey弯下腰(bend down),让Lenoue爬到她的背上,故选D项。分析其他选项,go away意为“离开”;stand up意为“站起来”;step aside意为“让路”,均不符合语境。 (23)答案:A 解析:前文提到 Lenoue 受伤严重,结合常识可知,Lenoue需要得到医疗(medical)救治;根据第三段第一句中的later taken to a hospital也可得出答案,故选A项。分析其他选项,public意为“公众的”;constant意为“持续不断的”;equal意为“平等的”,均不符合语境。 (24)答案:B 解析:根据设空后的 and later taken to a hospital 可知,先是医生对Lenoue做了检查评估(access),再将 Lenoue 送到了医院,故选B项。分析其他选项,interrupt意为“打断”;identify意为“识别”; appreciate意为“感激”,均不符合语境。 (25)答案:B 解析:根据第二段第一句中的 began crying in pain 和设空前一句中的 she had serious injuries in one of her knees 可知,Lenoue 有一个膝盖伤得很严重,如果没有 Bailey的帮助,她可能会在极度的痛苦(pain)中 挣扎着到达援助检查站,故选B项。分析其他选项,hunger意为“饥饿”;cold意为“感冒”;tiredness意为 “疲劳”,均不符合语境。 (26)答案:C 解析:根据设空后两句“‘She was just crying. I couldn’t _______ her,’ Bailey told the reporter. ‘I feel like I was just doing the right thing.’”可知,Bailey 只是觉得自己做 了一件正确的事情,所以让她更困惑(confused)的 是自己的这一行为被认为是一件大事(deal),故选C项。分析其他选项,worried意为“担心的”;ashamed意为“惭愧的”;discouraged意为“泄气的”,均不符合语境。 (27)答案:D 解析:参见上一题解析。a big deal意为“一件大 事”,故选D项。分析其他选项,game意为“游戏”; problem意为“问题”;lesson意为“课程”,均不符合 语境。 (28)答案:A 解析:根据设空前的“She was just crying.”以及前 文提到的 Bailey的做法可知,Bailey 看见 Lenoue 在哭,觉得不能离开(leave)她,故选A项。分析其他选项,cure意为“治愈 ”;bother意为“打扰”; understand意为“理解”,均不符合语境。 (29)答案:C 解析:设空前的 the two young women 指代 Bailey 与 Lenoue。根据前文内容可知,Bailey 和 Lenoue 参加 了同一场比赛,因此此处表示“这两个年轻女子在那 场体育比赛(meet)之前是陌生人”,故选C项。前 文中的 race 是近义词提示。分析其他选项,ride意为“短途旅程”;test意为“测试”;show意为“演出”,均不符合语境。 (30)答案:B 解析:根据全文可知,Bailey 在比赛过程中将受伤的 Lenoue 背到终点就医,因此耽误了自己的比赛,Bailey的行为是善良的体现(display),故选B项。分析其他选项,secret意为“秘密”;benef it意为“利 益”;exchange意为“交换”,均不符合语境。 课后提分练 18 完形填空 本套试题答案及详细图解精讲参见 E 册《图解力详解答案》 A 组(巩固提升) 阅读下面短文,从每题所给的 A、B、C 和 D 四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳 选项。 Passage 1 (2023 全国Ⅱ真题) Many years ago, I bought a house in the Garfagnana, where we still go every summer. The first time we 1  there, we heard the chug-chug-chug of a motorbike 2 its way down the hill toward us. It was a 3 called Mario, coming to 4 us a box containing some tomatoes and a bottle of wine. It was a very nice 5 for him to make. But when we looked at the tomatoes, we were 6 because they were so misshapen: not at all like the nice, round, 7 things you get in a supermarket. And the wine was cloudy, in a funny old bottle with no label(标签) on it. These can’t be any 8 , we thought. But we were 9 his kindness, so we 10 them. What we discovered is that it’s 11 to judge what you eat only by its 12 . Those tomatoes had a 13 that reminded me of the ones my uncle used to grow when I was a child. Nowadays supermarket tomatoes 14 perfect but taste of water. Nobody’s going to have a 15 memory of those. It’s a surprise they haven’t managed to grow square ones so that they can 16 them easily. Mario’s wine may have been cloudy and come out of an old bottle, but it was 17 . It’s good to eat things at the correct time, when they’re 18 , and as close as possible to where they were 19 . What Mario had 20 us was the taste of the Garfagnana. 1. A. waited B. met C. camped D. stayed 2. A. making B. searching C. squeezing D. feeling 3. A. customer B. neighbor C. relative D. passenger 4. A. lend B. send C. bring D. show 5. A. choice B. comment C. promise D. gesture 6. A. worried B. moved C. thrilled D. bored 7. A. simple B. real C. shiny D. fun 8. A. more B. good C. new D. easy 9. A. sympathetic to B. thankful for C. cautious about D. interested in 10. A. tried B. sold C. returned D. mixed 11. A. unnecessary B. uncertain C. unwise D. unusual 12. A. appearance B. quality C. origin D. price 13. A. size B. shape C. color D. taste 14. A. smell B. look C. become D. work 15. A. happy B. vivid C. short D. vague 16. A. clean B. check C. count D. pack 17. A. perfect B. useful C. convenient D. familiar 18. A. on view B. on sale C. in season D. in need 19. A. finished B. stored C. found D. grown 20. A. cooked B. given C. bought D. told 主题语境:人与社会——做人与做事 学科素养:语言能力 1. 答案:D 解析:根据设空前一句“Many years ago, I bought a house in the Garfagnana, where we still go every summer.”可知,此处表示“我们第一次住(stay)在那 里的时候”,故选D项。分析其他选项,wait意为“等 待”;meet意为“遇到”;camp意为“露营”,均不符 合语境。 2. 答案:A 解析:根据设空前的 we heard the chug-chug-chug of a motorbike 和设空后的 toward us 可知,作者他们听 到了摩托车从山上朝他们驶来的突突声。make one’s way toward... 表示“朝……前进”,符合语境,故选A项。分析其他选项,search意为“搜索”;squeeze意为 “挤”;feel意为“感受”,均不符合语境。 3. 答案:B 解析:根据前后文内容可知,许多年前,作者在 Garfagnana 买了一座房子,第一次去那里暂住时,Mario 给作者他们带来(bring)了一些番茄和一瓶酒,由此可推知,Mario 是作者的一个邻居(neighbor),故选B项。分析其他选项,customer意为“客户”; relative意为“亲戚”;passenger意为“乘客”,均不符 合语境。 4. 答案:C 解析:参见上一题解析。分析其他选项,lend意为“借 出”;send意为“发送”;show意为“展示”,均不符合语境,故选C项。 5. 答案:D 解析:上文提到 Mario 为作者他们带来了番茄和酒,这一举动是善意的表示。gesture意为“(表明感情或意 图的)姿态,表示”,符合语境,故选D项。分析其他选项,choice意为“选择”;comment意为“评价”; promise意为“承诺”,均不符合语境。 6. 答案:A 解析:根据设空前的 But 和设空后的 because they were so misshapen 可知,看到畸形番茄,作者他们应 该会很担心(worried),因为它们一点也不像超市里那 些好看的、圆圆的、有光泽的番茄,故选A项。分析其他选项,moved意为“感动的”;thrilled意为“兴奋的”;bored意为“无聊的”,均不符合语境。 7. 答案:C 解析:设空处与 nice 和 round 并列,共同修饰超市里的番茄,shiny意为“有光泽的”,符合语境,故选C项。分析其他选项,simple意为“简单的”;real意为“ 真实的”;fun意为“有趣的”,均不符合语境。 8. 答案:B 解析:根据上文可知,Mario 带来的番茄是畸形的,酒是浑浊的,且装在了一个没有标签的古怪的旧瓶子 里。因此,作者他们认为这些东西品质不好(good),故选B项。分析其他选项,more意为“更多的”;new意为“新的”;easy意为“容易的”,均不符合语境。 9. 答案:B 解析:由设空前的 But 和设空后的 his kindness 可知,虽然邻居送的东西其貌不扬,但作者他们还是很感激 (thankful for)他的善意,故选B项。分析其他选项,sympathetic to意为“同情……”;cautious about意为 “对……谨慎”;interested in意为“对……感兴趣”,均不符合语境。 10. 答案:A 解析:根据第二段第二句“Those tomatoes had a _______ that reminded me of the ones my uncle used to grow when I was a child.”可知,作者他们尝了 Mario 送的番茄。try 在此处表示试着吃了一些,符合语境,故选A项。分析其他选项,sell意为“售卖”;return意为“归还”;mix意为“混合”,均不符合语境。 11. 答案:C 解析:根据设空后一句“Those tomatoes had a _______ that reminded me of the ones my uncle used to grow when I was a child.”可知,番茄的味道出乎作者的意料,这与作者之前对番茄的印象形成对比,因此作者发 出感慨:仅凭外表(appearance)去评判你所吃的食 物是不明智的(unwise),故选C项。分析其他选项,unnecessary意为“不必要的”;uncertain意为“不确 定的”;unusual意为“不寻常的”,均不符合语境。 12. 答案:A 解析:参见上一题解析。分析其他选项,quality意为 “质量”;origin意为“起源”;price意为“价格”,均 不符合语境,故选A项。 13. 答案:D 解析:根据下文对超市里番茄的味道的描述 taste of water 可推知,Mario 送的番茄有一种味道(taste),能 让作者想起自己小时候叔叔种的番茄,故选D项。分析其他选项,size意为“尺寸”;shape意为“形状”; color意为“颜色”,均不符合语境。 14. 答案:B 解析:第一段提到超市里的番茄外观很好看,此处再 次描述外观的好,与后文的口感描述形成鲜明的对 比,look意为“看起来;显得”,符合语境,故选B项。分析其他选项,smell意为“闻起来”;become意为“变成”;work意为“劳动;运行”,均不符合语境。 15. 答案:A 解析:设空后的 those 指代前文提到的 supermarket tomatoes。前文提到 Mario的番茄让作者想起了自己 小时候叔叔种的番茄,由此可推知,此处表示“没有 人会对那些超市里的番茄有着美好的(happy)回忆”,故选A项。分析其他选项,vivid意为“生动的 ”; short意为“短的”;vague意为“模糊的”,均不符合 语境。 16. 答案:D 解析:设空前的 they 指超市番茄的种植者。根据设空 前的 square ones 并结合常识可推知,此处表示方形的番茄更容易打包(pack),故选D项。分析其他选项,clean意为“清理”;check意为“检查”;count意为“计算;数数”,均不符合语境。 17. 答案:A 解析:由设空前的 but 可知,前后两句是转折关系。前 句描述“Mario的酒可能是浑浊的,并且是从一个旧瓶子里倒出来的”,后句则应是相反的描述,perfect意为“完美”,符合语境,故选A项。分析其他选项,useful意为“有用的”;convenient意为“方便的”; familiar意为“熟悉的”,均不符合语境。 18. 答案:C 解析:由设空前的 It’s good to eat things at the correct time 并结合常识可知,吃应季(in season)的食物好,故选C项。分析其他选项,on view意为“在展出”; on sale意为“减价出售”;in need意为“需要”,均不符合语境。 19. 答案:D 解析:根据本句语境并结合常识可知,吃应季的且种 植(grow)在尽可能近的地方的食物比较好,故选D项。分析其他选项,f inish意为“完成”;store意为 “储存”;find意为“找到;发现”,均不符合语境。 20. 答案:B 解析:由上文可知,Mario 送给(give)作者他们当地的 番茄和酒,故选B项。分析其他选项,cook意为“烹 饪”;buy意为“购买”;tell意为“告诉”,均不符合语境。 Passage 2 (广东模拟) In many ways, Gitanjali Rao is an ordinary 11-year-old, lively and chatty, yet her scientific spirit makes a huge difference. Last month, she  1  the top prize at the Discovery Education 3M Young Scientist Challenge for her invention. What  2  Gitanjali’s work was that her city faced a water emergency with too much lead in its water. “The idea didn’t  3  to me until I saw my parents try to do water tests. The test strips may show inaccurate results, which weren’t very  4 ,” she recalled. She then searched for suitable materials with continued efforts and  5  found that carbon nanotube (纳米管) sensors could be used to sense chemicals. Gitanjali  6  to build a small blue housing using the 3D printer at her school with computer chips and a battery inside. A free app, which Gitanjali designed under  7  from her computer science teacher, gives instant  8  and sends the data to a linked phone through an attached device. The process of designing her project wasn’t always  9 , though. Kathleen Shafer, a scientist paired with Gitanjali as her teacher in the summer,  10  along the way. In the award ceremony, Gitanjali also  11  her parents with constant support and  12  to try “crazy ideas”. Gitanjali received $25,000 to further develop her program along with the great  13  of winning the contest. According to Shafer, who  14  Gitanjali, “She shows a lot of motivation to solve  15  issues through science.” 1. A. earned B. designed C. offered D. made 2. A. exposed B. improved C. defined D. inspired 3. A. stick B. belong C. occur D. apply 4. A. simple B. reliable C. predictable D. creative 5. A. initially B. immediately C. temporarily D. eventually 6. A. managed B. promised C. pretended D. happened 7. A. observation B. command C. instruction D. control 8. A. access B. results C. decisions D. approval 9. A. optional B. complete C. continuous D. smooth 10. A. changed B. risked C. helped D. followed 11. A. stressed B. credited C. impressed D. provided 12. A. encouragement B. request C. struggle D. pressure 13. A. fortune B. intention C. honor D. potential 14. A. keeps up with B. gets along with C. takes care of D. speaks highly of 15. A. commercial B. practical C. academic D. systematic 主题语境:人与自我——生活与学习 学科素养:语言能力 1. 答案:A 解析:根据设空前一句的 her scientific spirit makes a huge difference 并结合设空后的 the top prize 可知,此 处表示她赢得了(earn)最高奖项,故选A项。分析其他选项,design意为“设计”;offer意为“提供”; make意为“制作”,均不符合语境。 2. 答案:D 解析:根据设空后的 her city faced a water emergency with too much lead in its water 和 The test strips may show inaccurate results 以及 She then searched for suitable materials 可推知,Gitanjali 所在的城市面临 着水中含有过量铅的危机,而且试纸结果可能不准 确,这启发了(inspire)她的发明,故选D项。分析其他选项,expose意为“暴露 ”;improve意为“提 高”;define意为“明确”,均不符合语境。 3. 答案:C 解析:结合本句语境可知,此处表示直到女孩看到 自己的父母尝试去做水质检测,她才想到这个主 意。the idea occurs to sb.意为“主意或想法突然浮现 在某人的头脑中;某人突然想到这个主意”,符合语 境,故选C项。分析其他选项,stick to意为“坚持”; belong to意为“属于”;apply to意为“适用于;运 用”,均不符合语境。 4. 答案:B 解析:根据设空前的 The test strips may show inaccurate results 可知,试纸显示的结果可能会不 准确,因此试纸并不可靠(reliable),故选B项。分析其他选项,simple意为“简单的”;predictable意为“可预料的;可预见的”;creative意为“有创造力的”,均不符合语境。 5. 答案:D 解析:根据本句语境,尤其是句中的 then 可知,searched for 和 found 表示两个顺承的动作,所以此处 表示她努力寻找合适的材料,最终(eventually)发现 碳纳米管传感器可以用来检测化学物质,故选D项。 分析其他选项,initially意为“起初”;immediately意为“即刻;马上”;temporarily意为“暂时地;临时 地”,均不符合语境。 6. 答案:A 解析:本段主要叙述 Gitanjali 是如何完成发明的,上 文提到她已经找到了合适的材料,下文提到她设计 了一款应用程序,再结合选项可知,此处应表示她 设法(manage)用 3D 打印机建造了一个蓝色的外壳,里面装入了电脑芯片和电池,故选A项。分析其他选项,promise意为“许诺;保证”;pretend意为“假 装;装作”;happen意为“发生;碰巧”,均不符合 语境。 7. 答案:C 解析:根据设空后的 from her computer science teacher 并结合语境可推知,Gitanjali 是在计算机科学老师的指导(instruction)下设计了一款免费的应用程序,故选C项。分析其他选项,observation意为“观察; 注意”;command意为“命令;指挥”;control意为 “控制”,均不符合语境。 8. 答案:B 解析:根据设空后的 sends the data to a linked phone through an attached device 可知,这款应用程序可以给 出即时的结果(results)并通过附加设备将数据发送到关联的手机上,故选B项。分析其他选项,access意为“(使用或见到的)机会,权利;通道”;decision意为“决定”;approval意为“批准;认可”,均不符 合语境。 9. 答案:D 解析:根据前后文语境以及 though 可知,此处表示 她设计项目的过程并不总是一帆风顺的(smooth),故选D项。分析其他选项,optional意为“可选择的;非强制的”;complete意为“完全的;完整的”; continuous意为“持续的;连续的”,均不符合语境。 10. 答案:C 解析:根据前文内容可知,设计过程不是一帆风顺的,所以此处表示与她组队担任她暑期教师的科学 家全程帮助(help)了她,故选C项。分析其他选项,change意为“改变”;risk意为“冒险”;follow意为 “跟随”,均不符合语境。 11. 答案:B 解析:根据本句语境并结合常识可知,颁奖典礼上一 般会有感谢致辞,此处应表示她认为父母也是有功 劳的,他们一直支持并鼓励她尝试“疯狂的想法 ”,credit意为“认为是……的功劳”,符合语境,故选B项。分析其他选项,stress意为“强调”;“impress意为“使留下深刻印象”;provide意为“提供”,均不符合语境。 12. 答案:A 解析:根据设空前的 and 可知,support 与设空处为 并列关系。根据语境并结合选项可知,此处表示她的 父母一直支持和鼓励(encouragement)她去尝试“疯 狂的想法”,故选A项。分析其他选项,request意为 “要求;请求”;struggle意为“奋斗”;pressure意为 “压力”,均不符合语境。 13. 答案:C 解析:根据本句语境并结合选项可知,她获得了两 万五千美元的奖金去进一步研发程序,同时获得了 赢得此次比赛的巨大荣誉(honor),故选C项。分析其他选项,fortune意为“大笔的钱;巨款;运气”; intention意为“打算;意图;目的”;potential意为 “潜力;可能性”,均不符合语境。 14. 答案:D 解析:根据设空后的Shafer的话“She shows a lot of motivation to solve _______ issues through science.”可知,Shafer 高度评价(speak highly of)了Gitanjali,故选D项。分析其他选项,keep up with意为“跟上”;get along with意为“与……相处融洽”;take care of意为 “照看,照料”,均不符合语境。 15. 答案:B 解析:根据前文内容可知,Gitanjali 通过努力开发了 一款应用程序,极大地提高了水质检测的准确率,表现出了通过科学解决实际(practical)问题的积极 性,故选B项。分析其他选项,commercial意为“商 业的 ”;academic意为“学术的 ”;systematic意为 “系统的;有条理的”,均不符合语境。 Passage 3 (2022 新高考Ⅱ真题) Like many young people, Jessica wants to travel the globe. Unlike most of them, this 25-year-old is doing it  1 . She and her husband have spent the last two years traveling the world, stopping everywhere from Paris to Singapore. It might sound like one long, expensive  2 , but the couple has an unusual way to make their travel  3 . They’re part of a new form of the  4  economy: an online group of house sitters. Throughout their no-cost stays in  5  homes, they feed pets and water plants in the homeowner’s  6 . It’s not all sightseeing. The two travelers carefully  7  their trips, scheduling their days around the pets that are sometimes difficult to  8 . But house sitting also offers a level of  9  they can’t find in a hotel. “It’s like  10  at a friend’s house,” Jessica says. The couple has a high  11  rate in getting accepted as house sitters and they always go beyond the homeowner’s  12 . For Jessica, that means  13  plenty of pictures of happy pets, keeping the house  14  and leaving a nice small gift before heading to the next house. “You want to make the homeowner feel that they made the right  15 ,” she says. 1. A. indoors B. online C. single-handed D. full-time 2. A. game B. service C. vacation D. procedure 3. A. safe B. busy C. helpful D. affordable 4. A. local B. private C. sharing D. agricultural 5. A. strangers’ B. parents’ C. co-workers’ D. neighbors’ 6. A. favor B. defense C. honor D. absence 7. A. plan B. explain C. compare D. complete 8. A. buy B. transport C. choose D. please 9. A. support B. comfort C. control D. attention 10. A. cooking B. staying C. waiting D. studying 11. A. success B. survival C. growth D. unemployment 12. A. budget B. abilities C. expectations D. understanding 13. A. admiring B. donating C. sending D. borrowing 14. A. clean B. open C. simple D. empty 15. A. guess B. decision C. response D. impression 主题语境:人与社会——历史、社会与文化 学科素养:语言能力和文化意识 1. 答案:D 解析:根据设空后的 She and her husband have spent the last two years traveling the world 可知,Jessica 和 她的丈夫已经周游世界两年了。由此可推知,他们是 全职(full-time)在做这件事,故选D项。分析其他选项,indoors意为“在室内”;online意为“在线”; single-handed意为“独自;独立”,均不符合语境。 2. 答案:C 解析:根据设空前的 She and her husband have spent the last two years traveling the world 可知,Jessica 和 她的丈夫这两年时间在周游世界,所以此处指“这听 起来像是一个漫长而又昂贵的假期(vacation)”,故 选 C 项。分析其他选项,game意为“游戏”;service意为“服务”;procedure意为“程序;步骤”,均不符 合语境。 3. 答案:D 解析:根据设空前的 but 可知,前后两个分句在语意 上为转折关系。前一个分句表示“这听起来像是一个 漫长而又昂贵的假期”,所以后一个分句应该指“这 对夫妇有一种不同寻常的方式使他们的旅行变得让 人负担得起(affordable)”,故选D项。 4. 答案:C 解析:根据设空后的 an online group of house sitters 和 Throughout their no-cost stays 可知,Jessica 和她的丈 夫是在线房屋代管者,而且是免费入住,由此可推 测,他们是一种新形式的共享经济(sharing economy)的参与者,故选C项。分析其他选项,local意为“当地的”;private意为“私人的”;agricultural意为“农 业的”,均不符合语境。 5. 答案:A 解析:结合前后文内容可知,Jessica 和她的丈夫去 周游世界时是免费住在陌生人的(strangers’)家里,故选A项。分析其他选项,parents’意为“父母的”; co-workers’意为“同事的”;neighbors’意为“邻居的”,均不符合语境。 6. 答案:D 解析:根据设空前“Throughout their no-cost stays in _______ homes, they feed pets and water plants”可知,他 们免费住在别人家里,会帮忙喂宠物、给植物浇水; 结合常识可知,他们应该是在房主不在家(absence) 或者不方便的时候帮忙,故选D项。分析其他选项,favor意为“帮助”;defense意为“防御”;honor意为 “荣誉”,均不符合语境。 7. 答案:A 解析:根据设空后“their trips, scheduling their days” 可知,此处指“仔细地计划(plan)他们的旅行 ”,故选A项。schedule 为近义词复现提示。分析其他选项,explain意为“解释”;compare意为“比较”; complete意为“完成”,均不符合语境。 8. 答案:D 解析:根据设空前 the pets that are sometimes difficult to 可知,此处指“有时很难取悦(please)房主的 宠物 ”,即某些宠物很难照管,故选D项。分析其他选项,buy意为“购买”;transport意为“运输”; choose意为“选择”,均不符合语境。 9. 答案:B 解析:根据设空后“It’s like _______ at a friend’s house” 可知,Jessica认为这像是住在朋友家一样,可见照看房子也能提供一种在酒店里找不到的舒适感 (comfort),故选B项。分析其他选项,support意为 “支持”;control意为“控制”;attention意为“注意 力”,均不符合语境。 10. 答案:B 解析:根据设空后 at a friend’s house 可知,此处指 “像待在(stay)朋友家一样”,stay at 为固定搭配,意为“待在……”,故选B项。 11. 答案:A 解析:根据设空后 rate in getting accepted as house sitters 并结合后文“plenty of pictures of happy pets, keeping the house _______ and leaving a nice small gift before heading to the next house”可知,他们在去下 一家之前会做很多事情,由此推知,此处指“他们 被接受为看房人的成功(success)率很高 ”,故选A项。分析其他选项,survival意为“存活”;growth意为“生长”;unemployment意为“失业”,均不符合 语境。 12. 答案:C 解析:根据上一题的分析可知,Jessica 和她的丈夫 被接受为看房人的成功率很高,由此推知,Jessica 他们总是超出房主的预期(expectation),故选C项。 分析其他选项,budget意为“预算”;ability意为“能 力”;understanding意为“理解”,均不符合语境。 13. 答案:C 解析:根据设空后 plenty of pictures of happy pets 可知,此处指 Jessica 给房主发送(send)宠物的照片,故选C项。分析其他选项,admire意为“钦佩;赞 赏”;donate意为“捐赠”;borrow意为“借来”,均 不符合语境。 14. 答案:A 解析:根据前文内容可知,他们的职责就是照看房 子,所以要保持房子洁净(clean),故选A项。 15. 答案:B 解析:根据前文内容可知,是房主选择 Jessica 他们当 看房人的,所以此处指要让房主觉得他们做了正确的 决定(decision),故选B项。分析其他选项,guess意为“猜测”;response意为“反应”;impression意为 “印象”,均不符合语境。 Passage 4 (2022 全国Ⅱ真题) You can tell a lot about a man by how he treats his dogs. For many years, I enjoyed living with my dogs, Tilly and Chance. Their  1  was nearly enough to keep my loneliness at bay. Nearly. Last year, I started dating, but with  2 . When I first dated Steve, I  3  he had a dog, Molly, and a cat, Flora. While I was  4  that he was an animal lover, I  5  that three dogs were perhaps too many, and my dogs might attack  6 , the cat. The next week we  7  our dogs together. It was a hot day. When we paused to catch our 8 , Steve got down on one knee. Was he proposing(求婚)? I liked him too, but so  9 ? He poured water from a bottle into his hand and offered it to my dogs.  10 , I began to fall for him. We  11  to date, though neither of us brought up the future. And then in late November, Tilly had an operation on her  12 . I took the dogs out four times a day, and I worried that Tilly 13  climbing the stairs could reopen the wound. Then Steve  14  his house. All worked  15 . The three dogs formed a pack that, with coaching,  16  Flora’s space; Steve and I formed a good team  17  for Tilly. We made good housemates. A year later, much to my  18 , this man produced a little box with a ring and proposed to me. He did not kneel(跪) down, nor did I  19  him to. That’s only for giving  20  to the dogs that brought us together. 1. A. ownership B. membership C. companionship D. leadership 2. A. reservations B. expectations C. confidence D. prejudice 3. A. feared B. doubted C. hoped D. learned 4. A. unsatisfied B. amused C. terrified D. thrilled 5. A. predicted B. worried C. regretted D. insisted 6. A. Flora B. Chance C. Molly D. Tilly 7. A. tied B. walked C. bathed D. fed 8. A. breath B. balance C. attention D. imagination 9. A. calm B. sure C. soon D. real 10. A. By the way B. In that case C. By all means D. In that moment 11. A. continued B. decided C. intended D. pretended 12. A. eye B. tail C. ear D. leg 13. A. secretly B. constantly C. eventually D. unwillingly 14. A. left B. sold C. suggested D. searched 15. A. late B. hard C. fine D. free 16. A. emptied B. respected C. occupied D. discovered 17. A. looking B. caring C. waiting D. calling 18. A. delight B. credit C. interest D. disadvantage 19. A. beg B. trust C. need D. aid 20. A. toys B. awards C. food D. water 主题语境:人与自我——生活与学习 学科素养:语言能力 1. 答案:C 解析:根据设空前的 I enjoyed living with my dogs 可知,作者和两只宠物狗一起生活,所以此处指两只 狗的陪伴(companionship)能让作者避免孤单,故 选 C 项。分析其他选项,ownership意为“所有权”; membership意为“会员;会员资格”;leadership意为 “领导地位”,均不符合语境。 2. 答案:A 解析:根据下文的 When I first dated Steve 和“three dogs were perhaps too many, and my dogs might attack _______, the cat”可知,作者和Steve初次约会,此时对他还不是很了解,而且作者对于两人的宠物的相处存在担忧,由此可推知,作者此时对这段关系持保 留态度,with reservations意为“有保留地”,符合题意,故选A项。分析其他选项,expectation意为“期 待;希望”;confidence意为“自信”;prejudice意为 “偏见”,均不符合语境。 3. 答案:D 解析:根据设空前的 When I first dated Steve 可知,作者和 Steve 初次约会,应该是在交谈中得知(learn) 他养了一条狗和一只猫,故选D项。分析其他选项,fear意为“担忧;害怕”;doubt意为“怀疑”;hope意为“希望”,均不符合语境。 4. 答案:D 解析:根据设空后的 he was an animal lover 可知,Steve 很喜欢动物,这让养了两只狗的作者感到非常 兴奋或激动(thrilled),故选D项。分析其他选项,unsatisfied意为“不满意的”;amused意为“觉得好笑的”;terrified意为“恐惧;很害怕”,均不符合语境。 5. 答案:B 解析:根据设空后“three dogs were perhaps too many, and my dogs might attack _______, the cat”可知,作者觉 得三条狗有点多,而且自己的狗可能会袭击 Steve的 猫,这是作者担忧(worry)的地方,故选B项。分析其他选项,predict意为“预言;预告”;regret意为 “后悔;遗憾”;insist意为“坚决要求;坚持说”,均 不符合语境。 6. 答案:A 解析:根据上文内容可知,Steve的猫叫 Flora,设空 后的 the cat 为同位语,提示了此处应该填猫的名字,故选A项。 7. 答案:B 解析:根据下文内容可知,作者带着狗和 Steve 一 起走在户外,由此可知,他们是在一起遛狗。walk one’s dogs意为“遛狗”,故选B项。 8. 答案:A 解析:根据设空前一句“It was a hot day.”可知,天气 很热,所以两人停下来“喘口气”,catch one’s breath意为“喘口气”,故选A项。 9. 答案:C 解析:根据前文内容可知,作者和 Steve 才交往不 久,所以作者会认为 Steve “求婚”的举动发生得太 快(soon)了,故选C项。 10. 答案:D 解析:根据设空后 I began to fall for him 可知,作 者爱上了 Steve,而契机就是 Steve 在炎热的天气 里单膝下跪给作者的狗喂水,在那一瞬间(in that moment),作者爱上了 Steve,故选D项。分析其他选项,by the way意为“顺便说一下”;in that case意为“在那种情况下”;by all means意为“当然行;没 问题”,均不符合语境。 11. 答案:A 解析:根据下文内容可知,作者后来和 Steve 一直在 相处,所以此处指“我们继续(continue)约会”,故 选 A 项。分析其他选项,decide意为“决定”;intend意为“打算;计划”;pretend意为“假装”,均不符合 语境。 12. 答案:D 解析:根据下文的 climbing the stairs could reopen the wound 可知,爬楼梯会使 Tilly的伤口再次开裂,由此 可知,这个手术的伤口是在腿(leg)上,故选D项。 13. 答案:B 解析:根据设空前的 I took the dogs out four times a day 可知,作者每天要遛四次狗,这也就说明 Tilly 需要不断地(constantly)爬楼梯,故选B项。分析其他选项,secretly意为“私密地”;eventually意为“最 终;最后”;unwillingly意为“不情愿地”,均不符合 语境。 14. 答案:C 解析:根据下文的“We made good housemates.”可知,作者和 Steve 搬到了一起住,所以此处指 Steve 向作者推荐(suggest)了自己的住所,故选C项。 15. 答案:C 解析:根据设空后一句的内容可知,作者和 Steve 相处得很好,两人的宠物也是如此,所以一切进展 得很好(fine),故选C项。 16. 答案:B 解析:根据第二段内容可知,作者一开始很担心自 己的狗会攻击 Steve 家的猫,但此时,经过一定的训 练后,三只宠物狗变得尊重(respect)猫的地盘了,即不去冒犯猫,故选B项。分析其他选项,empty意为“腾空”;occupy意为“占领”;discover意为“发 现”,均不符合语境。 17. 答案:B 解析:根据上文内容可知,Tilly 做了手术,由此可推知,此处指作者和 Steve 一起照看 Tilly。care for意为“照看;照料”,故选B项。 18. 答案:A 解析:根据第三段最后一句的 I began to fall for him 可知,作者爱上了 Steve;再根据第四段内容可知,两人相处得很好,所以当 Steve 求婚时,作者应该是 高兴的。to one’s delight意为“令某人高兴的是”,故 选 A 项。 19. 答案:C 解析:根据上文内容可知,作者在 Steve 单膝跪地给 她的狗喂水的那一刻,就已经爱上 Steve 了,所以此处指她不需要(need)Steve 单膝跪地求婚来表示 诚意,故选C项。分析其他选项,beg意为“乞求”; trust意为“相信”;aid意为“帮助”,均不符合语境。 20. 答案:D 解析:此处对应第三段的“He poured water from a bottle into his hand and offered it to my dogs.”,即 Steve 单膝跪地给狗喂水(water)的举动让两人走到了一起,故选D项。 Passage 5 (河北衡水中学一模) A few months ago, one of my fellow graduate students was offered an incredible career-building opportunity. His efforts on a student-led campaign to increase federal funding for basic research  1  an invitation to speak on a conference panel(专家组). It would look great on his CV(简历). I was happy for him, of course. I had been a(n) 2  partner in the campaign. I felt that I deserved the same opportunity. Yet I hadn’t been  3  and I wasn’t sure why. Growing up, I had been taught that the way to  4  was to put my head down and work hard. If my work was good enough, it would speak for itself and I would be  5 . This view, coupled with a natural  6 , meant that I  7  worked up the nerve to put myself forward. However, I decided that I needed to  8  my life again—by becoming my own biggest advocate. So, with my heart beating fast, I asked my colleague to ask the panel organizers to  9  me. My mind was filled with a list of well-practiced  10 . Maybe I didn’t deserve it. Maybe I was being too ambitious. However, my colleague immediately contacted the organizers, who quickly agreed to  11  me to the panel. Now I’ve come to understand that I can’t be recognized for my word if I’m invisible. This isn’t a revolutionary idea which many people are unfamiliar with. I know, but as an introvert(内向的人), this is my  12  Mount Everest(珠穆朗玛峰). I think advocating for myself will always make me a little  13 . But I do plenty of other uncomfortable things to  14  I’m living my best life, like getting flu shots. I suppose I can do the same for my  15 . 1. A. referred to B. led to C. turned down D. put forward 2. A. special B. legal C. strict D. equal 3. A. informed B. promoted C. invited D. received 4. A. success B. practice C. power D. reality 5. A. rewarded B. protected C. attracted D. affected 6. A. kindness B. patience C. shyness D. courage 7. A. rarely B.frequently C. quietly D. completely 8. A. make sense of B. find fault with C. pay attention to D. take control of 9. A. benefit B. include C. observe D. change 10. A. agreement B. emphasis C. inspiration D. self-doubt 11. A. track B. send C. hire D. add 12. A. personal B. flexible C. simple D. traditional 13. A. unreasonable B. uncomfortable C. dishonest D. discontent 14. A. prove B. ensure C. record D. predict 15. A. health B. colleague C. career D. education 主题语境:人与自我——生活与学习 学科素养:语言能力 1. 答案:B 解析:根据设空前的 His efforts on a student-led campaign 及设空后的 an invitation to speak on a conference panel 可知,作者的同学在一次学生领导的运动中付出的努力使他受邀在专家组会议上发言,lead to意为“导致”,符合语境,故选B项。分析其他选项,refer to意为“查阅;指的是”;turn down意为“拒绝 ”;put forward意为“提出 ”,均不符合语境。 2. 答案:D 解析:根据设空后一句“I felt that I deserved the same opportunity.”可知,作者认为自己应该得到同样的机 会,由此可推知,作者认为在这场运动中自己和同 学付出了同等的努力,equal 符合此处语境,故选D项。分析其他选项,special意为“特殊的”;legal意为“合法的”;strict意为“严格的”,均不符合语境。 3. 答案:C 解析:根据前文内容可知,作者的同学因为在此次 运动中付出的努力而受邀在专家组会议上发言,作 者认为自己同样值得这次机会;结合设空前的 Yet 可知,空格所在句与前文内容在语意上构成转折,所 以此处指自己没有被邀请(invite),故选C项。前文 中的 invitation 为同根词复现提示。 4. 答案:A 解析:根据设空后一句的“If my work was good enough, it would speak for itself ”可知,作者认为只 要自己的工作足够优秀,就会被别人看到,由此可 推知,此处指作者在成长过程中一直被教导成功 (success)的方法就是埋头苦干,故选A项。分析其他选项,practice意为“实践”;power意为“权力; 力量”;reality意为“现实”,均不符合语境。 5. 答案:A 解析:根据设空前一句“Growing up, I had been taught that the way to _______ was to put my head down and work hard.”可知,作者一直被教导成功的方法就是埋头苦 干,所以作者认为只要自己的工作足够好,就会得 到回报(reward),故选A项。分析其他选项,protect意为“保护”;attract意为“吸引”;affect意为“影 响”,均不符合语境。 6. 答案:C 解析:根据设空后的 worked up the nerve to put myself forward 与第四段最后一句中的 as an introvert 可知,作者是内向、腼腆(shyness)的人,故选C项。分析其他选项,kindness意为“仁慈;善良”;patience意为“耐心”;courage意为“勇气”,均不符合语境。 7. 答案:A 解析:根据第四段最后一句中的 as an introvert 可知,作者是一个内向的人,由此可以推知,此处指“我很 少(rarely)鼓起勇气推荐自己”,故选A项。分析其他选项,frequently意为“频繁地”;quietly意为“安 静地”;completely意为“完全地”,均不符合语境。 8. 答案:D 解析:根据前文内容可知,作者性格羞怯,一直奉 行埋头苦干就会获得成功的原则,认为好的工作不 言自明,很少鼓起勇气推荐自己;结合设空后的 by becoming my own biggest advocate 及第四段中作者为 得到此次机会所做的努力可推知,作者想克服自己 羞怯的性格并掌控(take control of)自己的生活,故 选 D 项。分析其他选项,make sense of意为“理解; 弄懂”;find fault with意为“挑剔”;pay attention to意为“注意”,均不符合语境。 9. 答案:B 解析:根据前文内容可知,作者决定重新掌控自己的生活,参与竞争,因此此处指作者让同事请求专 家组负责人把他也列入(include)受邀名单,故选B项 。分 析 其 他 选 项 ,benefit意为“ 使 受 益 ”; observe意为“观察;庆祝;遵守”;change意为“改 变”,均不符合语境。 10. 答案:D 解析:根据设空后两句“Maybe I didn’t deserve it. Maybe I was being too ambitious.”可知,作者内心充 满了自我怀疑(self-doubt),故选D项。分析其他选项,agreement意为“协定;意见一致”;emphasis意为“强调”;inspiration意为“灵感;启发”,均不符 合语境。 11. 答案:D 解析:根据前文内容可知,作者让同事请求专家组 负责人让自己加入该小组,所以此处指“负责人很快 就同意把我加入到(add)这个小组中”,故选D项。 分析其他选项,track意为“跟踪 ”;send意为“发 送”;hire意为“雇用”,均不符合语境。 12. 答案:A 解析:根据上文内容可知,作者是一个内向的人,所以挑战自己勇敢地参与竞争,这对他个人来说,就像是挑战珠穆朗玛峰,personal 符合此处语境,故 选 A 项。分析其他选项,flexible意为“灵活的 ”; simple意为“简单的”;traditional意为“传统的”,均 不符合语境。 13. 答案:B 解析:根据设空后句中的I do plenty of other uncomfortable things可知,作者做了很多其他让自己不舒 服的事情;结合上文内容可知,作者是一个腼腆的人,由此可推知,此处指鼓吹自己令他感觉不舒服 (uncomfortable),故选B项。uncomfortable 为原词 复现提示。分析其他选项,unreasonable意为“不合 理的”;dishonest意为“不诚实的”;discontent意为 “不满足的”,均不符合语境。 14. 答案:B 解析:设空后的 like getting flu shots 是对前文所述 内容的举例说明,打流感疫苗也是让作者感到不舒 服的事情,但是这保证了作者的健康,由此可推知,作者做了很多其他不舒服的事情来确保(ensure) 自己过着最好的生活,故选B项。分析其他选项,prove意为“证明”;record意为“记录”;predict意为“预测”,均不符合语境。 15. 答案:C 解析:根据上文内容,尤其是文章首段首句“A few months ago, one of my fellow graduate students was offered an incredible career-building opportunity.”可知,作者的同学得到了一个令人难以置信的职业发展机 会,作者非常羡慕,因此,他想克服自身的羞怯,勇敢地参与竞争,希望自己的职业(career)有所发展,故选C项。 Passage 6 (2022 新高考Ⅰ真题) My husband, our children and I have had wonderful camping experiences over the past ten years. Some of our  1  are funny, especially from the early years when our children were little. Once, we  2 along Chalk Creek. I was  3  that our 15-month-old boy would fall into the creek(小 溪). I tied a rope around his waist to keep him near to our spot. That lasted about ten minutes. He was  4 , and his crying let the whole campground know it. So  5  tying him up, I just kept a close eye on him. It  6 —he didn’t end up in the creek. My three-year-old, however, did. Another time, we rented a boat in Vallecito Lake. The sky was clear when we  7 , but storms move in fast in the mountains, and this one quickly  8  our peaceful morning trip. The  9  picked up and thunder rolled. My husband stopped fishing to  10  the motor. Nothing. He tried again. No  11 . We were stuck in the middle of the lake with a dead motor. As we all sat there  12 , a fisherman pulled up, threw us a rope and towed(拖) us back. We were  13 . Now, every year when my husband pulls our camper out of the garage, we are filled with a sense of  14 , wondering what camping fun and  15  we will experience next. 1. A. ideas B. jokes C. memories D. discoveries 2. A. camped B. drove C. walked D. cycled 3. A. annoyed B. surprised C. disappointed D. worried 4. A. unhurt B. unfortunate C. uncomfortable D. unafraid 5. A. due to B. instead of C. apart from D. as for 6. A. worked B. happened C. mattered D. changed 7. A. signed up B. calmed down C. checked out D. headed off 8. A. arranged B. interrupted C. completed D. recorded 9. A. wind B. noise C. temperature D. speed 10. A. find B. hide C. start D. fix 11. A. luck B. answer C. wonder D. signal 12. A. patiently B. tirelessly C. doubtfully D. helplessly 13. A. sorry B. brave C. safe D. right 14. A. relief B. duty C. pride D. excitement 15. A. failure B. adventure C. performance D. conflict 主题语境:人与自我——生活与学习 学科素养:语言能力 1. 答案:C 解析:根据第一段“My husband, our children and I have had wonderful camping experiences over the past ten years.”和空格后的 especially from the early years when our children were little 可知,作者是在回忆和家 人露营的经历,其中一些回忆是有趣的。分析选项,idea意为“想法;主意”;joke意为“笑话;玩笑”; memory意为“回忆;记忆”;discovery意为“发现”,故选C项。 2. 答案:A 解析: 根 据 第 一 段 中的“w o n d e r f u l c a m p i n g experiences”和后文的“keep him near to our spot”可知,作者和家人在溪边露营。分析选项,camp意为 “宿营;露营”;drive意为“驾驶;开车”;walk意为 “散步”;cycle意为“骑自行车;骑自行车旅行”,故 选 A 项。前文中的 camping 为同根词复现提示。 3. 答案:D 解析:根据后文“I tied a rope around his waist to keep him near to our spot.”可知,作者在孩子腰部系上绳 索让其靠近自己,所以此处指作者是在担心孩子,防止他掉入小溪。分析选项,annoyed意为“生气的”;surprised意为“惊奇的;惊讶的”;disappointed意为“失望的;沮丧的”;worried意为“担心的;担 忧的”,故选D项。 4. 答案:C 解析:根据空格后的 his crying let the whole campground know it 可知,孩子腰部系上绳索后大哭不止,所 以此处指孩子腰上系着绳子,这让他感到不舒服。 分析选项,unhurt意为“未受伤的;未受伤害的 ”; unfortunate意为“不幸的”;uncomfortable意为“不舒服的”;unafraid意为“不害怕的”,故选C项。 5. 答案:B 解析:根据前文可知,孩子腰上系着绳索感到不舒 服而哭了起来;根据后文 I just kept a close eye on him 可知,作者只是密切关注孩子的举动,由此可推知,作者不再用绳索绑着孩子了。分析选项,due to意为 “由于”;instead of意为“代替;相反”;apart from意为“除了……(都)”;as for意为“至于;关于”,故 选 B 项。 6. 答案:A 解析:根据后文“he didn’t end up in the creek. My three-year-old, however, did.”可知,15 个月大的孩子 没有掉入小溪,而是三岁大的孩子掉入了。所以此处 指作者认为自己紧盯着孩子是起作用了。分析选项,work意为“起作用 ”;happen意为“(偶然)发生; 碰巧”;matter意为“事关紧要;要紧”;change意为 “改变”,故选A项。 7. 答案:D 解析:根据后文 but storms move in fast in the mountains 可知,山里的暴风雨来得很猛烈,but 表 示转折,所以此处指作者一家人出发的时候天气还 是很晴朗的。分析选项,sign up意为“报名(参加课 程)”;calm down意为“冷静下来”;check out意为 “结账离开(旅馆等)”;head off意为“出发”,故选D项。 8. 答案:B 解析:根据前文内容可知,作者一家人出发时天 气晴朗,但是很快暴风雨就要来了,所以此处指 暴 风 雨 中 断 了 作 者 一 家 平 静的 晨 游 。分 析 选 项 ,arrange意为“安排;筹备”;interrupt意为“打扰”; complete意为“完成;结束”;record意为“记录;记 载”,故选B项。 9. 答案:A 解析:根据前文 storms move in fast in the mountains 和后文 and thunder rolled 可知,暴风雨就要来了,天 空中雷声滚滚;结合常识可知,暴风雨来临时风力 增强。分析选项,wind意为“风 ”;noise意为“噪 音”;temperature意为“温度”;speed意为“速度”,故选A项。 10. 答案:C 解析:根据前文内容可知,暴风雨就要来了,天空 中雷声滚滚,因此作者的丈夫停止钓鱼,试图去启 动发动机(离开)。分析选项,find意为“找到”; hide意为“躲藏;躲避”;start意为“开始;启动”;fix意为“安装;修理”,故选C项。 11. 答案:A 解析:根据前文“Nothing. He tried again.”可知,发 动机无法启动,作者的丈夫又试了一次;根据后文 “We were stuck in the middle of the lake with a dead motor.”可知,发动机还是无法启动,作者一家人被 困在湖中央。此处指作者一家人运气不佳。分析选 项,luck意为“幸运;运气 ”;answer意为“回答; 答案”;wonder意为“惊讶;惊奇”;signal意为“信 号;暗号”,故选A项。 12. 答案:D 解析:根据前文内容可知,暴风雨来临,作者一家 人因为发动机不能工作而被困在湖中央。所以此处指 作者一家只能无助地坐在船上。分析选项,patiently意为“有耐心地”;tirelessly意为“不知疲倦地;精 力充沛地”;doubtfully意为“不确定地;怀疑地”; helplessly意为“无助地”,故选D项。 13. 答案:C 解析:根据前文“a fisherman pulled up, threw us a rope and towed us back”可知,一位渔民帮助了作者一家 人,把他们的船拖到了岸上。所以此处指作者一家人 安全了。分析选项,sorry意为“难过的”;brave意为 “勇敢的”;safe意为“安全的”;right意为“正确的; 恰当的”,故选C项。 14. 答案:D 解析:根据后文 wondering what camping fun 可知,作者一家人都在期待以后的露营会带来什么乐趣,所以作者一家人在露营之前都会感到很兴奋。分析 选项,relief意为“宽慰;轻松”;duty意为“责任”; pride意为“自豪;骄傲 ”;excitement意为“激动; 兴奋”,故选D项。 15. 答案:B 解析:根据前文内容可知,作者一家人的露营经历既 充满了乐趣,又充满了冒险。分析选项,failure意为 “失败;故障”;adventure意为“冒险”;performance意为“表演”;conflict意为“矛盾”,故选B项。 Passage 7 (东北三省四市联考) Making a family For years, Dad had avoided raising a dog. Whenever the  1  came up, Dad said, “Dogs are a pain. I don’t want to be  2 .” Despite his opposition, Mom brought a puppy named Chip that transformed us all. Instead of being a self-absorbed teenager, I began to  3  someone else. I had promised that if we got a dog, I’d be  4 , and I was. I fed and walked him every day. Chip taught me about  5  and consequences. I learned that it is rewarding to take care of others. And this  6  stayed with me as I grew. Mom was always  7  to have someone just sit and listen, but our busy family didn’t sit still for that. Chip would sit with Mom,  8  his head at times and looking into Mom’s eyes. The biggest  9  was from Dad. Dad was the first to allow him to sit on the sofa. He even made toys for him. Chip  10  Dad’s heart. Chip united us. After dinner, we’d review  11  tricks or teach him new ones. We’d  12  funny stories of the cute things he had done that day. The important thing was that we’d do these together as a  13 . People sometimes  14  that pet lovers treat their pets too much like humans. It doesn’t mean that they are abandoning humanity; rather, their pets stimulate the  15  of their humanity. 1. A. topic B. news C. question D. doubt 2. A. replaced B. defeated C. bothered D. monitored 3. A. rely on B. run after C. play with D. care for 4. A. sensible B. responsible C. ambitious D. generous 5. A. actions B. words C. effects D. costs 6. A. routine B. lesson C. habit D. hobby 7. A. dying B. unwilling C. disappointed D. annoyed 8. A. nodding B. lowering C. hanging D. raising 9. A. change B. challenge C. problem D. threat 10. A. protected B. followed C. softened D. hardened 11. A. previous B. complex C. simple D. basic 12. A. create B. cover C. share D. read 13. A. committee B. family C. company D. group 14. A. hope B. approve C. explain D. complain 15. A. darkness B. weakness C. future D. beauty 主题语境:人与自我——生活与学习 学科素养:语言能力 1. 答案:C 解析:根据第一段“My husband, our children and I have had wonderful camping experiences over the past ten years.”和空格后的 especially from the early years when our children were little 可知,作者是在回忆和家 人露营的经历,其中一些回忆是有趣的。分析选项,idea意为“想法;主意”;joke意为“笑话;玩笑”; memory意为“回忆;记忆”;discovery意为“发现”,故选C项。 2. 答案:A 解析: 根 据 第 一 段 中的“w o n d e r f u l c a m p i n g experiences”和后文的“keep him near to our spot”可知,作者和家人在溪边露营。分析选项,camp意为 “宿营;露营”;drive意为“驾驶;开车”;walk意为 “散步”;cycle意为“骑自行车;骑自行车旅行”,故 选 A 项。前文中的 camping 为同根词复现提示。 3. 答案:D 解析:根据后文“I tied a rope around his waist to keep him near to our spot.”可知,作者在孩子腰部系上绳 索让其靠近自己,所以此处指作者是在担心孩子,防止他掉入小溪。分析选项,annoyed意为“生气的”;surprised意为“惊奇的;惊讶的”;disappointed意为“失望的;沮丧的”;worried意为“担心的;担 忧的”,故选D项。 4. 答案:C 解析:根据空格后的 his crying let the whole campground know it 可知,孩子腰部系上绳索后大哭不止,所 以此处指孩子腰上系着绳子,这让他感到不舒服。 分析选项,unhurt意为“未受伤的;未受伤害的 ”; unfortunate意为“不幸的”;uncomfortable意为“不舒服的”;unafraid意为“不害怕的”,故选C项。 5. 答案:B 解析:根据前文可知,孩子腰上系着绳索感到不舒 服而哭了起来;根据后文 I just kept a close eye on him 可知,作者只是密切关注孩子的举动,由此可推知,作者不再用绳索绑着孩子了。分析选项,due to意为 “由于”;instead of意为“代替;相反”;apart from意为“除了……(都)”;as for意为“至于;关于”,故 选 B 项。 6. 答案:A 解析:根据后文“he didn’t end up in the creek. My three-year-old, however, did.”可知,15 个月大的孩子 没有掉入小溪,而是三岁大的孩子掉入了。所以此处 指作者认为自己紧盯着孩子是起作用了。分析选项,work意为“起作用 ”;happen意为“(偶然)发生; 碰巧”;matter意为“事关紧要;要紧”;change意为 “改变”,故选A项。 7. 答案:D 解析:根据后文 but storms move in fast in the mountains 可知,山里的暴风雨来得很猛烈,but 表 示转折,所以此处指作者一家人出发的时候天气还 是很晴朗的。分析选项,sign up意为“报名(参加课 程)”;calm down意为“冷静下来”;check out意为 “结账离开(旅馆等)”;head off意为“出发”,故选D项。 8. 答案:B 解析:根据前文内容可知,作者一家人出发时天 气晴朗,但是很快暴风雨就要来了,所以此处指 暴 风 雨 中 断 了 作 者 一 家 平 静的 晨 游 。分 析 选 项 ,arrange意为“安排;筹备”;interrupt意为“打扰”; complete意为“完成;结束”;record意为“记录;记 载”,故选B项。 9. 答案:A 解析:根据前文 storms move in fast in the mountains 和后文 and thunder rolled 可知,暴风雨就要来了,天 空中雷声滚滚;结合常识可知,暴风雨来临时风力 增强。分析选项,wind意为“风 ”;noise意为“噪 音”;temperature意为“温度”;speed意为“速度”,故选A项。 10. 答案:C 解析:根据前文内容可知,暴风雨就要来了,天空 中雷声滚滚,因此作者的丈夫停止钓鱼,试图去启 动发动机(离开)。分析选项,find意为“找到”; hide意为“躲藏;躲避”;start意为“开始;启动”;fix意为“安装;修理”,故选C项。 11. 答案:A 解析:根据前文“Nothing. He tried again.”可知,发 动机无法启动,作者的丈夫又试了一次;根据后文 “We were stuck in the middle of the lake with a dead motor.”可知,发动机还是无法启动,作者一家人被 困在湖中央。此处指作者一家人运气不佳。分析选 项,luck意为“幸运;运气 ”;answer意为“回答; 答案”;wonder意为“惊讶;惊奇”;signal意为“信 号;暗号”,故选A项。 12. 答案:D 解析:根据前文内容可知,暴风雨来临,作者一家 人因为发动机不能工作而被困在湖中央。所以此处指 作者一家只能无助地坐在船上。分析选项,patiently意为“有耐心地”;tirelessly意为“不知疲倦地;精 力充沛地”;doubtfully意为“不确定地;怀疑地”; helplessly意为“无助地”,故选D项。 13. 答案:C 解析:根据前文“a fisherman pulled up, threw us a rope and towed us back”可知,一位渔民帮助了作者一家 人,把他们的船拖到了岸上。所以此处指作者一家人 安全了。分析选项,sorry意为“难过的”;brave意为 “勇敢的”;safe意为“安全的”;right意为“正确的; 恰当的”,故选C项。 14. 答案:D 解析:根据后文 wondering what camping fun 可知,作者一家人都在期待以后的露营会带来什么乐趣,所以作者一家人在露营之前都会感到很兴奋。分析 选项,relief意为“宽慰;轻松”;duty意为“责任”; pride意为“自豪;骄傲 ”;excitement意为“激动; 兴奋”,故选D项。 15. 答案:B 解析:根据前文内容可知,作者一家人的露营经历既 充满了乐趣,又充满了冒险。分析选项,failure意为 “失败;故障”;adventure意为“冒险”;performance意为“表演”;conflict意为“矛盾”,故选B项。 Passage 8 (全国Ⅱ经典真题) It’s the seaside birds that deserve at least part of the blame for getting Nick Burchill blacklisted at the Fairmont Empress Hotel in Victoria, Canada. Burchill was  1  at the hotel on business and planning to  2  some friends in the area. They had asked him to  3  some pepperoni (辣香肠) from back east. So he  4  a suitcase full of pepperoni. As he was  5  that it would be too warm, he  6  it out on the table near an open window. He thought his pepperoni was  7  and well chilled (冷却) and he  8 . That’s when things went  9 . “ I remember walking down the long  10  and opening the door to my room to find an entire flock of seagulls,” Burchill said in a recent letter of  11  to the 4-star hotel. “The seagulls immediately went  12 . They rushed to the window, 30 or 40 birds all trying to  13  at the same time, and pepperoni—everywhere. The curtains were falling down, the lamps were falling down. It was a real  14 .” Older and wiser now, Burchill chalked up the incident to youthful indiscretion (莽撞). “I have  15  and I admit responsibility for my  16 ,” he said in the letter. “I come to you,  17 , to apologize for the damage I had  18  caused and to ask you to  19  my lifetime ban from the hotel.” His letter  20 . Banned from the hotel since 2001, Burchill is now welcome to come back, the Fairmont said. 1. A. studying B. staying C. looking D. packing 2. A. visit B. help C. follow D. make 3. A. sell B. have C. bring D. taste 4. A. filled B. locked C. abandoned D. lost 5. A. surprised B. pleased C. excited D. worried 6. A. dug B. cleared C. cut D. laid 7. A. delicious B. safe C. soft D. ready 8. A. left B. nodded C. waited D. regretted 9. A. far B. funny C. wrong D. blind 10. A. beach B. driveway C. hall D. table 11. A. application B. apology C. request D. invitation 12. A. hungry B. dead C. missing D. wild 13. A. wake up B. get out C. take off D. break in 14. A. mess B. puzzle C. fight D. challenge 15. A. recovered B. retired C. escaped D. matured 16. A. suffering B. plans C. madness D. actions 17. A. hands in pockets B. nose in the air C. hat in hand D. feet on the ground 18. A. indirectly B. deliberately C. cautiously D. secretly 19. A. replace B. remember C. reconsider D. renew 20. A. arrived B. worked C. ended D. disappeared 主题语境:人与自我——做人与做事 学科素养:语言能力 1. 答案:D 解析:根据设空所在句“Burchill was _______ at the hotel on business and planning to _______ some friends in the area.”及第二段第三句“So he _______ a suitcase full of pepperoni.”可知,Burchill 出差住在酒店,且后文提 到装满意大利辣香肠的手提箱,所以此处指 Burchill 在酒店收拾行李(pack),故选D项。分析其他选项,study意为“研究”;stay意为“停留”;look意为“看”,均不符合语境。 2. 答案:A 解析:根据第二段第二、三句“They had asked him to _______ some pepperoni from back east. So he _______ a suitcase full of pepperoni.”可知,朋友让他带一些辣香 肠,然后他准备了满满一箱,由此可推知 Burchill 准备 去拜访(visit)他当地的一些朋友,故选A项。分析其他选项,help意为“帮助”;follow意为“跟随”;make意为“制作”,均不符合语境。 3. 答案:C 解析:根据上题解析可知,Burchill 准备去拜访朋友; 再结合后文“So he _______ a suitcase full of pepperoni.”可知,Burchill的朋友让他从东部带(bring)些辣香肠过 来,故选C项。分析其他选项,sell意为“卖”;have意为“有”;taste意为“品尝”,均不符合语境。 4. 答案:A 解析:根据空格后的 a suitcase full of pepperoni 可知,Burchill 装满(f ill)了一箱辣香肠,故选A项。分析其他选项,lock意为“锁上”;abandon意为“抛弃”;lose意为“丢失”,均不符合语境。 5. 答案:D 解析:根据空格后的“it would be too warm, he _______ it out on the table near an open window”可知,Burchill 担 心(worried)辣香肠会太热,所以把它放在靠近一扇开 着的窗户的桌子上以便通风,故选D项。分析其他选项,surprised意为“感到惊讶的”;pleased意为“高兴的”;excited意为“兴奋的”,均不符合语境。 6. 答案:D 解析:根据设空后的 it out on the table near an open window 可知,Burchill 把香肠铺放(lay)在桌子上,故 选 D 项。分析其他选项,dig意为“挖”;clear意为“清 除”;cut意为“切下”,均不符合语境。 7. 答案:B 解析:根据前文内容可知,Burchill 把辣香肠放在酒 店房间的窗边的桌子上,自认为是安全的(safe),故 选 B 项。分析其他选项,delicious意为“美味的”; soft意为“柔软的”;ready意为“准备好的”,均不符 合语境。 8. 答案:A 解析:根据第三段第二句“‘I remember walking down the long _______ and opening the door to my room to find an entire flock of seagulls,’ Burchill said in a recent letter of _______ to the 4-star hotel.”可知,Burchill 离开(leave) 了房间,后来回到房间却发现了狼藉的一幕,故选A项。分析其他选项,nod意为“点头”;wait意为“等 待”;regret意为“后悔”,均不符合语境。 9. 答案:C 解析:根据后文对房间内狼藉场景的描述可知,此处 表示出了问题,go wrong意为“出问题”,符合语境,故选C项。分析其他选项,far意为“远的”;funny意为“有趣的”;blind意为“失明的”,均不符合语境。 10. 答案:C 解析:根据空格后的 and opening the door to my room to find an entire flock of seagulls 并结合生活常识可知,此处表示 Burchill 走过酒店里长长的走廊(hall),然后 打开房门,故选C项。分析其他选项,beach意为“海 滩”;driveway意为“私人车道”;table意为“桌子”,均不符合语境。 11. 答案:B 解析:根据第五段提到的 apologize for the damage 可知,Burchill 给酒店写了一封道歉(apology)信,故选B项。分析其他选项,application意为“申请”;request意为“要求”;invitation意为“邀请”,均不符合语境。 12. 答案:D 解析:根据空格后的“They rushed to the window, 30 or 40 birds all trying to _______ at the same time, and pepperoni —everywhere.”可知,海鸥被突然回到房间的 Burchill 吓到了,变得发狂,四处乱飞,wild 符合语境,故选D项。分析其他选项,hungry意为“饥饿的”;dead意为“死亡的”;missing意为“失踪的”,均不符合语境。 13. 答案:B 解析:根据空格前的 They rushed to the window 及生活常识可知,鸟看到人类很害怕,想从窗户逃出去 (get out),故选B项。分析其他选项,wake up意为“醒 来”; take off意为“起飞”;break in意为“闯入”,均不符合语境。 14. 答案:A 解析:根据空格前的“The curtains were falling down, the lamps were falling down.”可知,窗帘和灯都掉了下 来,房间一片混乱(mess),故选A项。分析其他选项,puzzle意为“不解之谜”;fight意为“打架”;challenge意为“挑战”,均不符合语境。 15. 答案:D 解析:根据第四段“Older and wiser now, Burchill chalked up the incident to youthful indiscretion.”可知,Burchill 认为自己变得成熟(mature)了,故选D项。 分析其他选项,recover意为“恢复”;retire意为“退 休”;escape意为“逃跑”,均不符合语境。 16. 答案:D 解析:根据上文内容可知,Burchill 成熟了并承认对 自己的行为(action)应负有责任,故选D项。分析其他选项,suffering意为“苦难”;plan意为“计划”; madness意为“疯狂”,均不符合语境。 17. 答案:C 解析:根据空格后的“to apologize for the damage I had _______ caused and to ask you to _______ my lifetime ban from the hotel”及生活常识可知,向别人道歉时,应该毕恭 毕敬(hat in hand),故选C项。分析其他选项,hands in pockets意为“双手插在口袋里”;nose in the air意为 “目中无人,趾高气扬”;feet on the ground意为“脚踏 实地”,均不符合语境。 18. 答案:A 解析:根据第三段中的“The curtains were falling down, the lamps were falling down.”可知,Burchill 携带的辣 香肠招来了海鸥,海鸥在逃跑的过程中,造成了一些 东西的损坏,也就是说,Burchill 间接地(indirectly) 给酒店造成了损失,故 选 A 项。分析其他选项,deliberately意为“故意地”;cautiously意为“谨慎地”; secretly意为“秘密地”,均不符合语境。 19. 答案:C 解析:根据本段中的 apologize for the damage 和 my lifetime ban from the hotel 以及下一段的“Banned from the hotel since 2001, Burchill is now welcome to come back, the Fairmont said.”可知,Burchill 向酒店道歉,并请求 其重新考虑(reconsider)自己被终身禁止入住该酒店的 决定,故选C项。分析其他选项,replace意为“取代”; remember意为“记得”;renew意为“更新”,均不符合 语境。 20. 答案:B 解析:根据空格后的“Banned from the hotel since 2001, Burchill is now welcome to come back, the Fairmont said.”可知,酒店欢迎 Burchill 回来,所以此处指 Burchill的道歉信起作用(work)了,故选B项。分析其他选项,arrive意为“到达”;end意为“结束”; disappear意为“消失”,均不符合语境。 Passage 9 (广东广州一模) The train had been long delayed. Running out of  1 , Andy put down his book and looked out. He found the  2  at once: It was raining hard. He lay down and fell asleep but was soon woken up by a woman. She handed him his bag and  3  that it had slipped to the floor. He gratefully took it back and opened it,  4  to see his mother’s scarf and some sandwiches inside. Andy’s thoughts drifted(飘) to when he was  5 . His mother had insisted on putting her scarf in. “If it rains, it may get cold.” He remembered feeling  6  and had taken it out. But it was still here.  7 , Andy realized he was burning with fever. Feeling helpless, he called his mum. “Take a  8 . I have put in medicine, just  9 ,” she suggested. Touched by his mother’s  10 , he took the medicine and soon fell deep asleep in the  11  of the scarf. Andy woke up later feeling much better. Then he noticed the woman, who’d  12  him earlier,  13  holding a baby in her arms, both shaking. Their clothes did little against the cold wind. Without thinking twice, Andy wrapped his mother’s scarf around the baby. To his  14 , the child soon fell asleep in the love of not one, but two  15 . 1. A. luck B. patience C. time D. energy 2. A. train B. truth C. cause D. notice 3. A. insisted B. explained C. apologized D. admitted 4. A. surprised B. ready C. thankful D. expected 5. A. checking B. leaving C. planning D. packing 6. A. hurt B. annoyed C. ashamed D. puzzled 7. A. Lately B. Finally C. Suddenly D. Instantly 8. A. look B. pill C. rest D. sandwich 9. A. for safety B. on purpose C. in case D. by accident 10. A. calmness B. confidence C. comfort D. care 11. A. warmth B. memory C. smell D. touch 12. A. helped B. pleased C. disturbed D. greeted 13. A. comfortably B. safely C. gently D. tightly 14. A. relief B. amazement C. mind D. advantage 15. A. arms B. scarfs C. passengers D. mothers 主题语境:人与自我——做人与做事 学科素养:语言能力 1. 答案:B 解析:根据设空前一句“The train had been long delayed.”及设空后的“Andy put down his book and looked out.”可推知,火车晚点很久,Andy 失去了耐 心(patience),于是放下书看向窗外,故选B项。分析其他选项,luck意为“幸运”;time意为“时间”; energy意为“能量”,均不符合语境。 2. 答案:C 解析:根据设空后的 It was raining hard 可推知,Andy 发现大雨是火车晚点的原因(cause),故选C项。分析其他选项,train意为“火车”;truth意为“真相”; notice意为“通知”,均不符合语境。 3. 答案:B 解析:根据语境可知,Andy 被一位女士叫醒,她把 Andy的包递给了他,并解释(explain)说他的包掉 到了地上,故选B项。分析其他选项,insist意为 “坚持”;apologize意为“道歉”;admit意为“承认”,均不符合语境。 4. 答案:A 解析:根据第三段最后两句“He remembered feeling _______ and had taken it out. But it was still here.”可知,Andy记忆里已经将母亲准备的围巾从包中取出来了,但事实上围巾仍在包里,由此可推知,Andy 打开包看到围巾时应是惊讶的(surprised),故选A项。 分析其他选项,ready意为“准备好的;现成的”; thankful意为“感谢的”;expected意为“预料的;预 期的”,均不符合语境。 5. 答案:D 解析:下文提到 Andy的母亲坚持让Andy 将围巾带上,因为如果下雨的话,天气会冷,但是 Andy 却选择把围巾从打包的行李里拿出来,由此可知,此处 Andy 应该是在回想打包(pack)行李的场景,故选D项。分析其他选项,check意为“检查”;leave意为“离开”;plan意为“计划”,均不符合语境。 6. 答案:B 解析:根据前文中母亲的叮嘱及设空后的 had taken it out 可知,Andy 应该是感觉到很烦(annoyed),并且 将围巾取了出来,故选B项。分析其他选项,hurt意为“受伤的”;ashamed意为“惭愧的”;puzzled意为 “困惑的;迷惑不解的”,均不符合语境。 7. 答案:C 解析:上文提到 Andy 看到了行李里母亲准备的东西 并回想起打包行李的场景,此处话题一转,Andy 意 识到自己生病了,结合选项,suddenly意为“突然”,符合语境,故选C项。分析其他选项,lately意为 “最近”;finally意为“终于”;instantly意为“立刻; 马上”,均不符合语境。 8. 答案:B 解析:根据设空后的 I have put in medicine 可知,Andy的母亲为其在行李中备了药,以防万一(in case),所以当 Andy 觉得生病无助的时候,母亲应 该会提醒他吃一片药(pill),故选B项。分析其他选项,look意为“看”;rest意为“休息”;sandwich意为“三明治”,均不符合语境。 9. 答案:C 解析:参见上一题解析。分析其他选项,for safety意为“为了安全”;on purpose意为“故意”;by accident意为“偶然地”,均不符合语境,故选C项。 10. 答案:D 解析:根据上文对 Andy的母亲的描述可知,这位母 亲对儿子的关心无微不至,所以此处 Andy 应该是被 母亲的关心(care)感动了,故选D项。分析其他选项,calmness意为“冷静”;confidence意为“信心”; comfort意为“安慰”,均不符合语境。 11. 答案:A 解析:根据前文内容可知,外面在下大雨,Andy 发 现自己发烧了,给母亲打电话时得到了母亲的关爱 和叮嘱,此处 Andy 应该是戴着母亲准备的围巾,在 温暖(warmth)中睡着了,故选A项。分析其他选项,memory意为“记忆”;smell意为“气味”;touch意为“触觉”,均不符合语境。 12. 答案:A 解析:根据设空前的 the woman 以及设空后的 earlier 可知,此处 Andy 注意到的女人应该是之前有过交集的女人,所以应该是之前帮助(help)Andy 捡包的那 位女士,故选A项。分析其他选项,please意为“使 满意”;disturb意为“打扰”;greet意为“迎接;打招 呼”,均不符合语境。 13. 答案:D 解析:根据设空后的“holding a baby in her arms, both shaking. Their clothes did little against the cold wind.” 可知,这位女士和怀抱着的小婴儿都被冻得瑟瑟发 抖,所以这位女士应该是紧紧地(tightly)抱着婴儿,故选D项。分析其他选项,comfortably意为“舒服 地”;safely意为“安全地”;gently意为“温柔地”,均不符合语境。 14. 答案:A 解析:根据设空前一句“Without thinking twice, Andy wrapped his mother’s scarf around the baby.”可知,Andy 充满善心,将自己的围巾给了婴儿,所以看见 婴儿入睡,Andy 应该会觉得宽慰(relief),故选A项。分析其他选项,amazement意为“吃惊”;mind意为“头脑”;advantage意为“优势”,均不符合语境。 15. 答案:D 解析:根据前文内容可知,围巾表达了 Andy 母亲的 爱,婴儿披着围巾在自己母亲的怀抱中睡着,应该 是在两个母亲(mother)的爱中入睡了,故选D项。 分析其他选项,arm意为“胳膊 ”;scarf意为“围 巾”;passenger意为“乘客”,均不符合语境。 Passage 10 (河北石家庄教学质量检测) Jonathan Jones, 12, was overcome with emotion after his principal, who is also colorblind, let him  1  his unique glasses during the science class last week. As soon as Jones put the glasses on, he appeared to be immediately  2 . He initially smiled and laughed, but he  3  moments later. He then walked around the classroom excitedly,  4  the vivid colors around him. “I was feeling joy that I could  5  see all this color and a little bit of  6  that I couldn’t see color my whole life,” Jones told ABC News. The boy’s mother posted a(n) 7  of Jones seeing color for the first time online and started a GoFundMe campaign to buy a pair of the unique glasses for Jones, which reportedly cost $350. However, so many people were  8  by Jones’s story, and the campaign actually ended up  9  more than $25,000. She wrote, “After posting the video, we’ve been touched by how many  10  people have wanted to help him. We’ve had  11  pairs donated to Jones and will use 100% of donated funds to purchase color-blind glasses for those who can’t  12  them.” “The glasses company will  13  every pair we purchase with a free pair, which doubles the number of people we can  14 ,” she continued. For Jones, with the new glasses comes a new  15  of the world. He said his favorite color is blue and that he’s excited to visit the Caribbean this winter so he can see the ocean in all its glory. 1. A. borrow B. polish C. remove D. adjust 2. A. disappointed B. annoyed C. surprised D. embarrassed 3. A. calmed down B. broke down C. cheered up D. woke up 4. A. mixing B. painting C. changing D. exploring 5. A. finally B. rarely C. constantly D. occasionally 6. A. tension B. sadness C. relief D. shame 7. A. picture B. article C. video D. introduction 8. A. moved B. shocked C. confused D. entertained 9. A. loaning B. costing C. saving D. collecting 10. A. wealthy B. generous C. competent D. ambitious 11. A. limited B. cheap C. multiple D. fashionable 12. A. find B. produce C. fix D. afford 13. A. match B. equip C. replace D. compare 14. A. treat B. instruct C. help D. accompany 15. A. future B. view C. situation D. record 主题语境:人与社会——做人与做事 学科素养:语言能力 1. 答案:A 解析:根据设空前的 who is also color-blind 可知,校 长也是色盲患者;再根据设空后的 his unique glasses 以及第二段第一句中的 Jones put the glasses on 可知,Jones 戴上了校长的特殊眼镜。由此可推知,校长让 Jones 借用(borrow)自己的眼镜,故选A项。分析其他选项,polish意为“磨光;润色”;remove意为 “去除;脱下”;adjust意为“调整;适应”,均不符 合语境。 2. 答案:C 解析:根据设空后的 smiled and laughed 以及 walked around the classroom excitedly 可知,Jones 戴上眼镜 后表现出的情绪应该是惊喜的(surprised),符合语 境,故选C项。分析其他选项,disappointed意为 “失望的”;annoyed意为“生气的”;embarrassed意为“尴尬的”,均不符合语境。 3. 答案:B 解析:根据设空前的 but 可知,前后分句构成转折关 系。根据设空前的 initially smiled and laughed 可知,此处应选与“笑 ”语意相反的词组。break down意为“感情失控(痛哭起来)”,符合语境,故选B项。 分析其他选项,calm down意为“(使)平静下来”; cheer up意为“(使)振作起来”;wake up意为“醒 来”,均不符合语境。 4. 答案:D 解析:根据设空后的 the vivid colors around him 并结 合常识可知,Jones 患有色盲,在戴上校长的特殊的 眼镜后,他可以看见以前没有见过的鲜艳的色彩,此处应该是他探索(explore)着周围鲜艳的色彩,故 选 D 项。分析其他选项,mix意为“使混合”;paint意为“用颜料画”;change意为“改变”,均不符合语境。 5. 答案:A 解析:根据前文内容以及选项可知,此处表示 Jones 感到非常高兴,因为他终于(finally)能看到五彩 缤纷的颜色了,故选A项。分析其他选项,rarely意为“少见地 ”;constantly意为“重复不断地 ”; occasionally意为“偶然”,均不符合语境。 6. 答案:B 解析:根据设空前的 feeling joy 和 see all this color 以 及设空后的 I couldn’t see color my whole life 可知,此处应选与 joy 意义相反的词汇。sadness意为“难 过”,符合语境,故选B项。分析其他选项,tension意为“紧张;焦虑”;relief意为“宽慰”;shame意为 “羞愧”,均不符合语境。 7. 答案:C 解析:根据第五段第一句中的 After posting the video 可知,此处应指 Jones的妈妈在网上发布了一段 Jones 第一次看到颜色的视频(video),故选C项。分析其他选项,picture意为“图片”;article意为“文 章”;introduction意为“介绍”,均不符合语境。 8. 答案:A 解析:前文提到 Jones的妈妈发起活动的目的是给 儿子筹钱买一副价值 350 美元的特殊的眼镜,而根 据后文 more than $25,000 可知,最终筹集(collect) 了两万五千多美元。由此可知,此处指很多人都被 Jones的故事感动了(moved),故选A项。分析其他选项,shocked意为“震惊的”;confused意为“迷惑的”;entertained意为“娱乐的”,均不符合语境。 9. 答案:D 解析:参见上一题解析。分析其他选项,loan意为 “借出;借款”;cost意为“花费 ”;save意为“节 省”,均不符合语境,故选D项。 10. 答案:B 解析:根据常识可知,给 Jones 捐款帮助他的人应该 是慷慨的(generous)人,故选B项。分析其他选项,wealthy意为“富裕的”;competent意为“足以胜任的”;ambitious意为“有雄心的”,均不符合语境。 11. 答案:C 解析:前文提到募集到的善款远远超出预计的善 款,结合选项可知,此处应表示 Jones 得到了很 多(multiple)副色盲眼镜,故选C项。分析其他选项,limited意为“有限的”;cheap意为“便宜的”; fashionable意为“潮流的”,均不符合语境。 12. 答案:D 解析:前文提到 Jones的妈妈在网上发视频筹钱买色 盲眼镜,说明他们自己买不起色盲眼镜,因此当他 们募集到了钱时会想帮助那些和他们一样的人,即 那些不能买得起(afford)色盲眼镜的患者,故选D项。分析其他选项,find意为“找到”;produce意为 “生产”;fix意为“使固定”,均不符合语境。 13. 答案:A 解析:根据设空后的 which doubles the number of people 可知,此处表示眼镜公司将会给 Jones的妈妈 买的每一副眼镜都配(match)一副免费的(眼镜),即买一送一,故选A项。分析其他选项,equip意为“装备”;replace意为“取代”;compare意为“比 较”,均不符合语境。 14. 答案:C 解析:根据前文内容可知,眼镜公司决定买一送一,这样就可以帮助(help)到双倍的人,故选C项。分析其他选项,treat意为“对待;看待”;instruct意为 “命令;指导”;accompany意为“陪伴”,均不符合 语境。 15. 答案:B 解析:根据设空后的 He said his favorite color is blue and that he’s excited to visit the Caribbean this winter 可知,戴上眼镜后的 Jones 对世界有了新的看法 (view),故选B项。分析其他选项,future意为“未 来”;situation意为“情况”;record意为“记录”,均 不符合语境。 Passage 11 (山东济南一模) I was a stay-at-home dad, which gave me plenty of time to cook. Ever since I was a kid, cooking has been one of my  1 . My dad had given me some great advice. “If you’re gonna cook,” he began, “you might as well make sure it’s tasty.” So with that  2 , I’d set about making each dish as  3  as I could. I figured that if something looked and  4  good, then chances were that it would taste great too. One day, I was surfing the Internet when I noticed my best friend, Dave, had  5  a video of him cooking. He was  6  in The Fathering Project, a non-profit organization that helped men be the best dads they could be. “We’re always looking for content,” he said. “Can you  7  your videos with us?” I was more than happy to  8  other fathers to get into the kitchen. So I started to  9  videos of my cooking. I also gave viewers plenty of  10 . “The kitchen can be a place to  11  with others,” I told them. My son and daughter helped me with washing and cutting, but most importantly, we all shared a  12  with each other. My videos grew so  13  that dads around the country were setting out for my suggestions. It’s been an enormous  14  to transform my enthusiasm into something that’s helping others. I hope my videos will keep giving dads a taste of the  15  cooking brings to our lives. 1. A. choices B. jobs C. passions D. dreams 2. A. evidence B. philosophy C. permit D. warning 3. A. large B. simple C. memorable D. expensive 4. A. smelt B. sounded C. remained D. felt 5. A. reserved B. posted C. downloaded D. sold 6. A. settled B. satisfied C. compared D. involved 7. A. share B. exchange C. trouble D. confirm 8. A. qualify B. require C. encourage D. persuade 9. A. review B. film C. watch D. select 10. A. likes B. orders C. requests D. tips 11. A. argue B. compete C. connect D. agree 12. A. laugh B. story C. lesson D. discussion 13. A. familiar B. popular C. wild D. visible 14. A. chance B. pleasure C. responsibility D. task 15. A. magic B. energy C. fail D. effect 主题语境:人与自我——生活与学习 学科素养:语言能力 1. 答案:C 解析:根据后文内容可知,作者很喜欢做饭,所以此 处应表示在作者小时候,烹饪就是作者热衷的爱好 (passion)之一”,故选C项。分析其他选项,choice意为“选择”;job意为“工作”;dream意为“梦想”,均不符合语境。 2. 答案:B 解析:根据设空前的“My dad had given me some great advice.”可知,父亲给了作者一些做饭的好建议;根 据后文语境可知,此处表示作者把父亲的建议当作 自己的生活信条(philosophy),尽可能把每道菜都 做好,故选B项。分析其他选项,evidence意为“证 据”;permit意为“许可证”;warning意为“警告”,均不符合语境。 3. 答案:C 解析:根据前文内容可知,父亲建议作者尽可能把每 道菜都做得可口,结合选项可知,此处指作者尽力 把每道菜都做得令人难忘(memorable),故选C项。 分析其他选项,large意为“大的”;simple意为“简 单的”;expensive意为“昂贵的”,均不符合语境。 4. 答案:A 解析:根据设空后的 taste great too 并结合常识可知,在做饭方面,作者认为如果某样东西看起来以及闻 起来(smell)都很好,那么它尝起来很可能也会很 好,故选A项。分析其他选项,sound意为“听起 来”;remain意为“仍然是”;feel意为“感觉”,均 不符合语境。 5. 答案:B 解析:根据设空前的 surfing the Internet 和设空后的 a video of him cooking 可知,此处指作者在网上注意到 自己最好的朋友 Dave 上传(post)了一段 Dave 做饭的视频,故选B项。分析其他选项,reserve意为“预 订”;download意为“下载”;sell意为“出售”,均 不符合语境。 6. 答案:D 解析:根据设空后的“The Fathering Project, a nonprofit organization”可知,作者的朋友参与了“父 亲项目”。be involved in... 为固定搭配,意为“参 与……”,故选D项。分析其他选项,settled意为 “稳定的”;satisfied意为“满意的”;compared意为 “比较的”,均不符合语境。 7. 答案:A 解析:根据设空前一句的“We’re always looking for content”可知,“父亲项目”一直在寻找视频素材,所 以此处指 Dave 问:“你能和我们分享(share)你的视 频吗?”,故选A项。分析其他选项,exchange意为 “交换”;trouble意为“使烦恼”;confirm意为“证 实”,均不符合语境。 8. 答案:C 解析:根据后文内容可知,作者同意了朋友的提议并 开始拍摄烹饪的视频,所以此处应表示作者非常乐 意鼓励(encourage)其他父亲走进厨房,故选C项。 分析其他选项,qualify意为“使有权(做某事);取 得资格(或学历)”;require意为“需要”;persuade意为“说服”,均不符合语境。 9. 答案:B 解析:根据设空后一句的“I also gave viewers plenty of _______”可知,作者开始拍摄烹饪视频了。film 在 此作动词,意为“拍摄 ”,故选B项。分析其他选项,review意为“复查;复习”;watch意为“观看”; select意为“选择”,均不符合语境。 10. 答案:D 解析:根据后文语境和本句中的 gave viewers plenty of 可知,作者还给了观众许多提示(tip),故选D项。分析其他选项,like意为“喜欢”;order意为“命 令”;request意为“要求”,均不符合语境。 11. 答案:C 解析:根据设空后的 with others 并结合下一句中的 My son and daughter helped me with washing and cutting 可知,作者认为厨房还是与他人沟通的地方,connect 此处意为“(与某人)建立良好关系,沟通”,符合语境,故选C项。分析其他选项,argue意为 “争论”;compete意为“竞争”;agree意为“同意”,均不符合语境。 12. 答案:A 解析:根据前文内容可知,作者认为厨房是与他人沟 通的地方,结合本句语境和选项可知,此处指作者 和儿女一起欢笑(laugh),故选A项。分析其他选项,story意为“故事”;lesson意为“教训”;discussion意为“讨论”,均不符合语境。 13. 答案:B 解析:根据设空后的 dads around the country were setting out for my suggestions 可知,全国的父亲都开 始采纳作者的建议。由此可知,作者的视频深受欢迎 (popular),故选B项。分析其他选项,familiar意为 “熟悉的”;wild意为“野生的”;visible意为“可见的”,均不符合语境。 14. 答案:B 解析:根据设空后的 transform my enthusiasm into something that’s helping others 可知,作者把自己的 热情转化为帮助他人的事。结合常识可知,这会让 作者感到很快乐(pleasure),故选B项。分析其他选项,chance意为“机会”;responsibility意为“责任”; task“任务”,均不符合语境。 15. 答案:A 解析:根据前文内容可知,作者很开心自己的视频可 以帮助到他人,结合本句语境和选项可知,作者希 望自己的视频能继续让父亲们尝到烹饪给他们的生活带来的魔力(magic),故选A项。分析其他选项,energy意为“精力”;fail意为“不及格”;effect意为 “效果”,均不符合语境。 Passage 12 (江苏南京、盐城二模) There was an oak tree in my yard, close to where neighbors parked their cars. One day I saw a big bird surrounding a baby squirrel, as if  1  it. So I picked up a rock, and being  2  to aim, I threw the rock at the bird... but the stone bounced off a  3  breaking the windshield (挡风玻璃) of a new white Prius car. My blood ran cold. In  4  yet calm, I put my personal information under the windshield, went back inside, and watched to  5  which neighbor’s car window I had destroyed. Later a young man came to the Prius and I ran out to  6  the accident and promised to  7 . He was a mild and gentle man. He called his relatives—my neighbors, who were also very  8 . After some  9 , I knew that they planned to attend a wedding party... and now they had no car! I quietly cried  10  but that made this family even kinder—they  11  me and decided to take a taxi. The very next day I received a  12  from an agent of the man’s insurance office. In a(n)  13  voice of further kindness, she accepted my explanation of how this accidental damage occurred and agreed to  14  all. I was impressed by the example set by everyone concerned and what  15  looked like. 1. A. parenting B. hunting C. defending D. coaching 2. A. certain B. free C. likely D. willing 3. A. car B. relative C. branch D. neighbor 4. A. delight B. anxiety C. despair D. curiosity 5. A. imagine B. judge C. record D. see 6. A. explain B. prevent C. witness D. investigate 7. A. take responsibility B. make changes C. turn up D. back down 8. A. confused B. kind C. active D. scared 9. A. conflicts B. examination C. exchanges D. reflection 10. A. in relief B. with fear C. in regret D. with anger 11. A. surprised B. inspired C. guided D. comforted 12. A. ticket B. letter C. receipt D. call 13. A. mixed B. thrilled C. displeased D. unexpected 14. A. sponsor B. cover C. admit D. release 15. A. justice B. optimism C. forgiveness D. sympathy 主题语境:人与自我——做人与做事 学科素养:语言能力 1. 答案:B 解析:根据设空前的 a big bird surrounding a baby squirrel 可知,一只大鸟围着一只小松鼠。根据设空 后一句中的 I threw the rock at the bird 可知,作者朝 大鸟扔石头,由此推断,那只大鸟想猎取(hunt)小 松鼠,故选B项。分析其他选项,parent意为“养 育”;defend意为“防御;保护”;coach意为“训练; 指导”,均不符合语境。 2. 答案:A 解析:根据本句语境并结合生活常识可知,此处指 作者捡起一块石头,先确定(certain)目标再朝那只 鸟扔去,故选A项。分析其他选项,free意为“自 由的;免费的”;likely意为“可能的”;willing意为 “愿意的”,均不符合语境。 3. 答案:C 解析:根据第一段第一句“There was an oak tree in my yard, close to where neighbors parked their cars.”可知,院子里有一棵橡树,离邻居停车的地方很近。根据设空后的内容可知,作者所扔出的石头改变了方向误 打到了邻居的新车,故可推断此处应该是石头从树 枝(branch)上弹开了,故选C项。分析其他选项,car意为“轿车”;relative意为“亲戚”;neighbor意为“邻居”,均不符合语境。 4. 答案:B 解析:根据设空后 yet calm 并结合常识可知,打破了 别人的玻璃,作者应是焦虑的,in anxiety意为“处于 焦虑状态 ”,符合语境,故选B项。分析其他选项,delight意为“高兴”;despair意为“绝望”;curiosity意为“好奇心”,均不符合语境。 5. 答案:D 解析:根据后文的 which neighbor’s car window I had destroyed 可知,作者想看看(see)自己打破了哪个 邻居的车窗,故选D项。分析其他选项,imagine意为“想象”;judge意为“判断”;record意为“记录”,均不符合语境。 6. 答案:A 解析:根据设空后的 the accident 和本句语境可知,一个年轻人来到车前,作者跑出去向年轻人解释 (explain)这件事发生的原委,故选A项。分析其他选项,prevent意为“阻止 ”;witness意为“目击 ”; investigate意为“调查”,均不符合语境。 7. 答案:A 解析:根据语境可知,作者解释了这件事发生的原 委后,还许诺承担责任(take responsibility),故选A项。分析其他选项,make changes意为“做出改 变”;turn up意为“调高;出现”;back down意为 “放弃”,均不符合语境。 8. 答案:B 解析:根据设空前的“He was a mild and gentle man. He called his relatives—my neighbors, who were also very”可知,邻居和年轻人一样,都很友善(kind)。 本段最后一句中的 even kinder 和下一段中的 kindness 为此空的词汇复现提示,故选B项。分析其他选项,confused意为“困惑的”;active意为“积极的”; scared意为“害怕的”,均不符合语境。 9. 答案:C 解析:根据设空后的 I knew that they planned to attend a wedding party 可知,这里指双方经过交谈 (exchange),作者才知道他们打算参加婚礼,故 选 C 项。分析其他选项,conflict意为“冲突 ”; examination意为“检查”;reflection意为“反映”,均 不符合语境。 10. 答案:C 解析:根据设空前的 I quietly cried 可知,作者很后 悔(in regret),因为自己破坏了别人的计划,故选C项。分析其他选项,in relief意为“松了口气”;with fear意为“害怕地”;with anger意为“生气地”,均不符合语境。 11. 答案:D 解析:根据设空前的 but that made this family even kinder 以及设空后的 decided to take a taxi 可知,这 家人非常友善,他们不仅没有责备作者,反而安 慰(comfort)作者,并决定打车去参加婚礼,故选D项。分析其他选项,surprise意为“(使)吃惊 ”; inspire意为“鼓舞”;guide意为“指引”,均不符合 语境。 12. 答案:D 解析:根据设空后一句中的 voice of further kindness 可知,此处指作者接到男人保险公司的一个代理人的电话(call),故选D项。分析其他选项,ticket意为“票”;letter意为“信件”;receipt意为“收据”,均不符合语境。 13. 答案:D 解析:根据设空后的“voice of further kindness, she accepted my explanation”并结合常识可知,作者本 以为对方会严肃处理,但是电话中对方却以一种出 乎意料的(unexpected)友好的语气,接受了作者的 解释,故选D项。分析其他选项,mixed意为“混合的”;thrilled意为“极为激动”;displeased意为“不 高兴的”,均不符合语境。 14. 答案:B 解析:根据前后文语境可知,代理人同意将这次意 外损坏算入保险范围内,动词 cover 表示“给……保 险”,符合语境,故选B项。分析其他选项,sponsor意为“赞助”;admit意为“承认”;release意为“释 放”,均不符合语境。 15. 答案:C 解析:结合前文内容可知,作者意外打破了别人的车 窗,但是取得了年轻人及其亲戚的谅解,连保险代理人对作者也很友好,由此推断,此处表示作者对 每个相关的人树立的榜样及他们宽恕(forgiveness)的样子印象深刻,故选C项。分析其他选项,justice意为“公平”;optimism意为“乐观”;sympathy意为 “同情”,均不符合语境。 B组(冲刺满分) Passage 13 (2023 浙江1月真题) The sun was beginning to sink as I set off into the Harenna Forest. I was on my way to  1  a unique honey harvest. Here, in southeast Ethiopia, hand-carved beehives(蜂箱) are placed in the  2 . Reaching them to get the honey is difficult—and often  3 . I  4  beekeeper Ziyad over a wide stretch of grassland before entering a thick jungle. Ziyad began preparations. He  5  handfuls of damp tree leaves, wrapped them with string, and  6  the bunch to create a torch(火把). Then, with one end of a rope tied to his waist and the other end around the trunk of a tree, Ziyad began  7 . He stopped every few minutes to move the  8  higher up the tree trunk.  9 , Ziyad got close to the hive which was around 20 metres above the ground. Sitting on a branch, he  10  towards it and blew smoke from his torch into a tiny hole in the hive. Suddenly, Ziyad let out a sharp cry. Within seconds, he’d  11  the trunk and was back on the ground. It was too  12  to collect the honey. A cool summer had delayed  13 . Baby bees were still in the honeycombs(蜂巢). The adult bees were  14  and kept attacking as Ziyad escaped from the tree. He had to wait for the right  15  to go back up. 1. A. share B. collect C. celebrate D. witness 2. A. courtyards B. fields C. treetops D. caves 3. A. urgent B. dangerous C. expensive D. pointless 4. A. searched B. recognised C. followed D. invited 5. A. gathered B. cleaned C. dropped D. checked 6. A. shook B. lit C. measured D. decorated 7. A. jumping B. talking C. testing D. climbing 8. A. hives B. leaves C. rope D. honey 9. A. Finally B. Surprisingly C. Naturally D. Immediately 10. A. backed B. dived C. shouted D. inched 11. A. cut off B. gone up C. slid down D. held onto 12. A. high B. early C. fast D. close 13. A. hatching B. training C. sowing D. trading 14. A. curious B. hungry C. bored D. angry 15. A. moment B. equipment C. person D. order 主题语境:人与自然——自然生态 学科素养:语言能力 1. 答案:D 解析:根据本段首句可知,作者在前往哈伦纳森林的路上。再结合下文可知,作者去那里是为了见证 一次独特的采蜜行动,witness意为“见证”,符合语 境,故选D项。分析其他选项,share意为“分享”; collect意为“收集”;celebrate意为“庆祝”,均不符 合语境。 2. 答案:C 解析:根据设空后的 Reaching them to get the honey is difficult 可推知,蜂箱处于难以够到的地方,treetop意为“树梢 ”,符合语境。在第二段最后一句“He stopped every few minutes to move the _______ higher up the tree trunk.”中亦有提示,故选C项。分析其他选项,courtyard意为“庭院”;field意为“田野”;cave意为“洞穴”,均不符合语境。 3. 答案:B 解析:前文提到想要够到蜂箱采集蜂蜜是很困难的,且 and 表示并列关系,因此该空应与形容词 difficult 相呼应,dangerous意为“危险的”,符合语境;后文 提到养蜂人爬到树上徒手采摘蜂蜜时,被蜜蜂攻击,这也说明了其危险性,故选B项。分析其他选项,urgent意为“紧急的 ”;expensive意为“昂贵的 ”; pointless意为“毫无意义的”,均不符合语境。 4. 答案:C 解析:此处描述作者进入哈伦纳森林的场景,结合选 项可知,作者应该是跟着(follow)养蜂人穿过草原 进入了丛林,故选C项。分析其他选项,search意为 “搜索”;recognise意为“认识到”;invite意为“邀 请”,均不符合语境。 5. 答案:A 解析:根据设空后的 wrapped them with string 并结合 常识可知,养蜂人应是先收集(gather)了几把潮湿的树叶,然后用绳子把它们捆在一起,故选A项。 分析其他选项,clean意为“清理”;drop意为“(意 外地)落下,掉下”;check意为“检查”,均不符合 语境。 6. 答案:B 解析:根据设空后的 to create a torch 可知,养蜂人要 制作一个火把,因此他需要点燃(light)捆好的树叶,故选B项。分析其他选项,shake意为“摇动;颤 抖”;measure意为“测量”;decorate意为“装饰”,均不符合语境。 7. 答案:D 解析:根据设空前的 with one end of a rope tied to his waist and the other end around the trunk of a tree 可知,养蜂人将绳子的两头分别捆在自己的腰上和树干上,由此可推知,这是他为了往树上爬所做的准备,故 选 D 项。分析其他选项,jump意为“跳”;talk意为 “谈论”;test意为“测试”,均不符合语境。 8. 答案:C 解析:结合前文与本句语境可知,养蜂人将绳子的两 头分别捆在自己的腰上和树干上,爬的过程中每隔 几分钟就停下来,向上移动系在树上的绳索(rope),以便让自己爬到更高处,故选C项。分析其他选项,hive意为“蜂箱”;leaf意为“树叶”;honey意为“蜂 蜜”,均不符合语境。 9. 答案:A 解析:作者按时间顺序描述养蜂人采集蜂蜜的过程,根据设空后的 got close to the hive 可知,养蜂人即 将到达目的地,因此此处表示最后(Finally),养蜂 人靠近了蜂箱,到达了离地面约 20 米的高处,故选A项。分析其他选项,surprisingly意为“惊人地 ”; naturally意为“自然地 ”;immediately意为“立即 地”,均不符合语境。 10. 答案:D 解析:根据前文内容可知,养蜂人坐在距离地面 20 米高的树枝上,他应是朝着蜂箱谨慎移动(inch),然后把火把的烟吹进蜂箱的小洞里,故选D项。分析其他选项,back意为“后退”;dive意为“潜水”; shout意为“叫喊”,均不符合语境。 11. 答案:C 解析:根据设空后的 was back on the ground 可知,养蜂人顺着树干滑下来(slide down)了,回到了地面,故选C项。分析其他选项,cut off意为“切断”;go up意为“上升”;hold onto意为“紧紧抓住”,均不符 合语境。 12. 答案:B 解析:根据后文的“Baby bees were still in the honeycombs.”可知,蜜蜂幼虫尚在蜂巢里,所以现在采蜜 还为时过早(early),故选B项。分析其他选项,high意为“高的 ”;fast意为“快的 ”;close意为“亲密的”,均不符合语境。 13. 答案:A 解析:前文提到现在采蜜还为时过早,这是因为凉 爽的夏季导致孵化(hatch)的时间推迟了,故选A项。分析其他选项,train意为“训练”;sow意为“播 种”;trade意为“交易”,均不符合语境。 14. 答案:D 解析:根据设空后的 kept attacking as Ziyad escaped from the tree 可知,成年蜜蜂一直在攻击养蜂人,由 此可推知,成年蜜蜂很生气(angry),故选D项。分析其他选项,curious意为“好奇的 ”;hungry意为 “饥饿的”;bored意为“无聊的”,均不符合语境。 15. 答案:A 解析:根据前文内容可知,此刻不是采集蜂蜜的好时 候,因此养蜂人需要等到合适的时候(moment)再 来采集,故选A项。分析其他选项,equipment意为 “装备”;person意为“人”;order意为“顺序”,均 不符合语境。 Passage 14 (全国Ⅰ经典真题) Simply saying thank you doesn’t seem enough in certain situations. I was considering this while working as a  1  just a few weeks ago. And it came to me then how much easier it would be if we had a range of words that express different  2  of gratitude (感谢). My thoughts were soon  3 . We had a woman patient who was  4  from a knee replacement operation. One afternoon, while  5  to get into bed she collapsed (倒 下) from what was  6 discovered to be a heart attack. The collapse was disastrous,  7  the emergency medical team and good teamwork. But she recovered, though  8 , and was ready for discharge (出院) after four weeks. She was  9  for everything that the medical and nursing team had done for her. On her day of discharge, we shared in her  10  at her recovery. As she was  11  she was eager to say  12  to each of us in the nursing team. When she  13  one nurse, she tried to press a five-pound note into her hand. My colleague  14  to accept it, saying that we were all just  15  our job. The patient looked puzzled, and then  16 : “Oh this isn’t for the  17  I had. I take that as a  18  . No, this is for setting my hair yesterday.” And there you have it. To many people,  19  lives is part of the job but styling hair is an  20  and should be rewarded. 1. A. cleaner B. chemist C. nurse D. doctor 2. A. grades B. meanings C. needs D. expectations 3. A. brushed aside B. put to the test C. brought under discussion D. taken into account 4. A. departing B. escaping C. retiring D. recovering 5. A. attempting B. choosing C. pausing D. promising 6. A. eventually B. fortunately C. casually D. secretly 7. A. assessing B. requiring C. forming D. proving 8. A. slightly B. accidentally C. slowly D. happily 9. A. grateful B. thoughtful C. sorrowful D. fearful 10. A. surprise B. delight C. curiosity D. disappointment 11. A. operating B. thinking C. hesitating D. leaving 12. A. sorry B. hello C. goodbye D. yes 13. A. reached B. consulted C. introduced D. persuaded 14. A. wished B. pretended C. failed D. refused 15. A. enjoying B. doing C. securing D. starting 16. A. repeated B. recited C. replied D. reported 17. A. courage B. patience C. duty D. care 18. A. goal B. given C. push D. greeting 19. A. risking B. changing C. saving D. building 20. A. honour B. ability C. opening D. extra 主题语境:人与自我——做人与做事 学科素养:语言能力 1. 答案:C 解析:根据第三段中的“As she was _______ she was eager to say _______ to each of us in the nursing team.”可知,当 时作者应是一名护士(nurse),故选C项。分析其他选项,cleaner意为“清洁工”; chemist意为“化学家;药 剂师”;doctor意为“医生”,均不符合语境。 2. 答案:A 解析:根据文章首句“Simply saying thank you doesn’t seem enough in certain situations.”可知,作者认为有 时仅仅说一句谢谢还不足够,所以应是如果有表达 不同程度(grade)感谢的词,那么表达感谢就容易 多了,故选A项。分析其他选项,meaning意为“意 思”;need意为“需求”;expectation意为“期待”,均不符合语境。 3. 答案:B 解析:下文讲述了女病人对护士们表达感激的种种 行为,由此可知,应是作者的想法立即得到了检验,“put... to the test”意为“使……经受检验”,符合语境,故选B项。分析其他选项,“brush... aside”意为“漠 视;不理会”;“bring... under discussion”意为“进行 讨论”;“take... into account”意为“考虑到”,均不符 合语境。 4. 答案:D 解析:根据设空后的 from a knee replacement operation 和 to get into bed 以及本段段尾提到的该病人痊愈出 院的场景可知,此处指该病人正在术后恢复(recover) 中,故选D项。分析其他选项,depart意为“出发;离 开”;escape意为“逃跑”;retire意为“退休”,均不符 合语境。 5. 答案:A 解析:根据设空后的“to get into bed she collapsed from what was _______ discovered to be a heart attack”可知,这 位刚做过膝盖手术的病人试图到床上休息,结果因 为心脏病发作倒下了。attempt意为“试图”,符合语 境,故选A项。分析其他选项,choose意为“选择”; pause意为“暂停”;promise意为“承诺”,均不符合 语境。 6. 答案:A 解析:根据上下文语境并结合常识可知,病人倒下 后,医护人员在抢救过程中会检查病因,最后发 现是心脏病发作,eventually意为“最后 ”,符合语 境,故选A项。分析其他选项,fortunately意为“幸 运地”;casually意为“随意地”;secretly意为“秘密 地”,均不符合语境。 7. 答案:B 解析:根据 The collapse was disastrous 可知,病 人情况危急,由此可以推测要想把病人治好需要 (require)医疗急救队和良好的团队合作,故选B项。 分析其他选项,assess意为“评估”;form意为“形 成”;prove意为“证明”,均不符合语境。 8. 答案:C 解析:前文提到这次摔倒是灾难性的。空格前的 though 表示语意的转折,由此可知,病人虽然恢复了,但恢复的过程很慢(slowly),故选C项。分析其他选项,slightly意为“轻微地”;accidently意为“意 外地”;happily意为“快乐地”,均不符合语境。 9. 答案:A 解析:结合下文女病人离开前和大家一一道别,甚 至想要给其中一名护士五镑的钞票可推知,她应是 对大家的付出表示感激(grateful)。分析其他选项,thoughtful意为“体贴的”;sorrowful意为“伤心的,悲伤的”;fearful意为“恐惧的”,均不符合语境,故 选 A 项。 10. 答案:B 解析:结合常识可知,术后康复出院是件高兴的事 (delight),故选B项。分析其他选项,surprise意为 “惊讶”;curiosity意为“好奇心”;disappointment意为“失望”,均不符合语境。 11. 答案:D 解析:根据上文的 On her day of discharge 可知,女 病人要出院了,所以此处指当她即将离开(leave)医 院时,故选D项。分析其他选项,operate意为“动手 术”;think意为“思考”;hesitate意为“犹豫”,均不符合语境。 12. 答案:C 解析:根据上文的 On her day of discharge 可知,女 病人要出院了,由此推知她对护理团队的人告别,say goodbye to sb.意为“和某人告别”,符合语境,故选C项。分析其他选项,sorry意为“抱歉”; hello意为“你好”;yes意为“是的”,均不符合语境。 13. 答案:A 解析:上文提到女病人出院时要和护士们一一道别,下文提到病人想给其中一名护士手里塞钞票,由此 推知,此处是指她走到这名护士的身边,reach 符合 语境,故选A项。分析其他选项,consult意为“咨 询”;introduce意为“介绍”;persuade意为“说服”,均不符合语境。 14. 答案:D 解析:结合生活常识和下文的“we were all just _______our job”可知,作者的护士同事拒绝(refuse)收下女士 给的钱,故选D项。分析其他选项,wish意为“希 望”;pretend意为“假装”;fail意为“失败”,均不符合语境。 15. 答案:B 解析:上文提到作者的同事拒绝收下钱,由此推知,她认为照顾病人只是做(do)了自己作为护士应该做的事情而已,故选B项。分析其他选项,enjoy意为 “享受”;secure意为“获得;保护”;start意为“开 始”,均不符合语境。 16. 答案:C 解析:上文提到作者的同事说照顾病人是自己的本 职工作,不应该得到额外的礼物,此处是女病人对 同事说的话的回复(reply),故选C项。分析其他选项,repeat意为“重复”;recite意为“背诵”;report意为“报道”,均不符合语境。 17. 答案:D 解析:结合下文的“No, this is for setting my hair yesterday.”可知,女病人并不是因为护士的照顾 (care)才给的五英镑,而是另有原因,故选D项。 分析其他选项,courage意为“勇气”;patience意为 “耐心”;duty意为“职责”,均不符合语境。 18. 答案:B 解析:根据前后文语境可推知,女病人不是要答谢 护士的照顾,所以她应该是认为护士照顾病人是理 所应当的,take... as a given意为“认为……理所应 当”,故选B项。分析其他选项,goal意为“目标”; push意为“推力”;greeting意为“招呼”,均不符合 语境。 19. 答案:C 解析:根据上文内容可知,医生和护理团队拯救了 女病人的生命,此处指很多人认为拯救(save)生命 是医生和护士工作的一部分,故选C项。分析其他选项,risk意为“冒险”;change意为“改变”;build意为“建设”,均不符合语境。 20. 答案:D 解析:根据上文的“To many people, _______ lives is part of the job”和表示转折的并列连词 but 可知,此处 指做发型是本职工作以外的事情,即额外做的事情 (extra),应该得到奖励,故选D项。分析其他选项,honour意为“荣誉”;ability意为“能力”;opening意为“开端”,均不符合语境。 Passage 15 (新高考Ⅱ经典真题) Over the past 38 years, Mr. Wang has pretended to be someone else many times, and has even learned to  1  different dialects (方言), leading to him being described as an “Oscar-winning actor”. The 60-year-old is not an actor, but a  2 . However, he is more devoted to his “ 3 ” than any real actor. In the 1990s, a group of thieves often sold stolen goods with the help of some beggars. To look into the  4 , Wang disguised(伪装) himself and  5  the beggars. Dirty shorts and old shoes gave him the  6  of a real beggar and his convincing dialect soon won him the  7  of the beggars. “I often  8  them to drink alcohol. Once they were  9 , they began to talk a lot,” Wang said. “I’d then  10  myself to use the toilet,  11  what the beggars said, and send the  12  to my teammates.” Wang, who is often in  13  situations, is also a judo(柔道) master. “As long as I get close enough, no criminal can  14  from me,” he said. Wang’s  15  won him several honors, including a National May Day Labor Medal and 11 Citations of Merit. 1. A. teach B. compare C. assess D. speak 2. A. lawyer B. doctor C. policeman D. businessman 3. A. role B. study C. family D. audience 4. A. minor B. case C. future D. question 5. A. interviewed B. joined C. arrested D. assisted 6. A. challenge B. experience C. appearance D. freedom 7. A. vote B. sympathy C. permission D. trust 8. A. invited B. forced C. helped D. expected 9. A. drunk B. deserted C. bored D. lost 10. A. guide B. persuade C. excuse D. allow 11. A. refer to B. note down C. ask about D. miss out 12. A. plan B. agreement C. direction D. information 13. A. awkward B. dangerous C. unfortunate D. strange 14. A. separate B. recover C. escape D. hear 15. A. courage B. honesty C. kindness D. optimism 主题语境:人与社会——历史、社会和文化 学科素养:语言能力 1. 答案:D 解析:根据设空前的 Mr. Wang has pretended to be someone else many times 可知,王先生曾经很多次扮成别人;结合常识可知,扮成别人时要会讲别人的语言或方言,所以此处指他甚至学会了说(speak)不同的方言,故选D项。分析其他选项,teach意为 “教 ”;compare意为“比较 ”;assess意为“评估 ”,均不符合语境。 2. 答案:C 解析:根据下文内容可知,王先生是因为要调查一 起案件,才假扮乞丐的,他真正的身份是一名警察 (policeman),故选C项。 3. 答案:A 解析:根据设空后的 than any real actor 可知,此处指 他比任何真正的演员都更专注于他的“角色(role)”,故选A项。 4. 答案:B 解析:根据设空前“In the 1990s, a group of thieves often sold stolen goods with the help of some beggars.” 及王先生的警察身份可推知,此处指“为了调查这个 案子(case)”,故选B项。分析其他选项,minor意为“辅修科目”;future意为“未来”;question意为 “问题”,均不符合语境。 5. 答案:B 解析:根据设空前的 Wang disguised himself 可知,王先生伪装自己是为了加入(join)乞丐中,方便调 查案件,故选B项。分析其他选项,interview意为 “采访”;arrest意为“逮捕”;assist意为“协助”,均 不符合语境。 6. 答案:C 解析:根据设空前的 Dirty shorts and old shoes 可知,此处指肮脏的短裤和旧鞋子使他从外表(appearance) 上看像一个真正的乞丐,故选C项。分析其他选项,challenge意为“挑战”;experience意为“经验;经 历”;freedom意为“自由”,均不符合语境。 7. 答案:D 解析:根据设空前的 his convincing dialect 可知,此 处指“他令人信服的方言很快赢得了乞丐们的信任 (trust)”,故选D项。分析其他选项,vote意为“投 票”;sympathy意为“同情心”;permission意为“允 许”,均不符合语境。 8. 答案:A 解析:根据设空后的 them to drink alcohol 和 they began to talk a lot 可知,为了套话,王先生经常邀请 (invite)他们喝酒,故选A项。 9. 答案:A 解析:根据设空前的 drink alcohol 及设空后的 they began to talk a lot 可知,此处指他们一旦喝醉(drunk) 了,话就开始变多了,故选A项。分析其他选项,deserted意为“被抛弃的 ”;bored意为“无聊的 ”; lost意为“迷路的;失去的”,均不符合语境。 10. 答案:C 解析:根据设空后的“what the beggars said, and send the _______ to my teammates”可知,此处指“然后我会 借口(excuse)自己去厕所”,故选C项。分析其他选项,guide意为“指引 ”;persuade意为“劝说 ”; allow意为“允许”,均不符合语境。 11. 答案:B 解析:根据设空后的 what the beggars said 可知,王 先生把乞丐们的醉后真言记下来(note down)了,故 选 B 项。分析其他选项,refer to意为“查阅;指的 是”;ask about意为“询问”;miss out意为“错过; 遗漏”,均不符合语境。 12. 答案:D 解析:上文提到王先生会记下乞丐们的醉后真言,此 处指王先生将乞丐们喝醉后所说的信息(information) 发送给自己的队友,故选D项。分析其他选项,plan意为“计划;打算”;agreement意为“协议;同意”; direction意为“方位;管理”,均不符合语境。 13. 答案:B 解析:根据上文内容可知,王先生一直潜伏在乞丐 中调查案件,再结合下文“no criminal can _______ from me”可推知,王先生经常处于危险的(dangerous)情 况中,故选B项。分析其他选项,awkward意为“尴 尬的”;unfortunate意为“不幸的”;strange意为“奇 怪的”,均不符合语境。 14. 答案:C 解析:根据设空前的 is also a judo master 可知,王先 生是一位柔道大师,所以此处指“只要我离得够近,没有罪犯可以从我这里逃脱(escape)”,故选C项。 分析其他选项,separate意为“分离;分开”;recover意为“恢复”;hear意为“听到”,均不符合语境。 15. 答案:A 解析:根据上文内容可知,王先生乔装打扮混入罪 犯团伙,这是非常危险并需要勇气的事情,所以此 处指王先生的勇气(courage)为他赢得了许多荣誉,故选A项。分析其他选项,honesty意为“诚实 ”; kindness意为“善良”;optimism意为“乐观”,均不符合语境。 Passage 16 (浙江 6 月经典真题) My mother is 9 2. Unless I have to be out of town, each week I take my mother to do her  1  and visit the doctor, providing  2  and transportation. During the week, however, she likes to go to a nearby store to  3  some small things she needs. Last week she walked up to the store, but when she went to pay for her groceries, she was  4  about three dollars. The only  5  to pay for the groceries was to take off the  6  she could do without: a bottle of rubbing alcohol (医用酒精) and a bar of soap. By taking off these, she was able to  7  the new total to the amount of cash she had with her. At this store, people  8  and then go off to the side to 9  their own groceries. My mother was putting her groceries into shopping bags when a  10  came up to her and said, “Here are the things that you  11 ,” handing her the rubbing alcohol and the 12 . My mother, who is never speechless, was speechless. She  13  for the woman’s name and address so that she could  14  her. The woman told her it was her  15 . My mother was so  16  by her gesture that she decided to go back to the store and give the cashier (收银员) a five-dollar bill to keep on hand  17  the same happened to someone else if they didn’t have enough  18  for all of their groceries. So, whoever you are, thank you for the random act of  19  that not only helped my mother out, but  20  too. 1. A. exercise B. housework C. cooking D. shopping 2. A. reward B. medicine C. company D. shelter 3. A. return B. collect C. order D. buy 4. A. short B. cautious C. wrong D. concerned 5. A. aim B. way C. advice D. reason 6. A. weight B. things C. mask D. glasses 7. A. raise B. add C. bring D. switch 8. A. show up B. call in C. check out D. sit down 9. A. store B. select C. deliver D. bag 10. A. stranger B. cashier C. friend D. doctor 11. A. looked for B. talked about C. threw away D. put back 12. A. receipt B. soap C. cash D. bottle 13. A. asked B. waited C. cared D. searched 14. A. repay B. trust C. recognize D. help 15. A. luck B. chance C. gift D. turn 16. A. surprised B. amused C. touched D. convinced 17. A. in case B. even if C. as though D. so that 18. A. energy B. money C. space D. time 19. A. faith B. courage C. kindness D. honor 20. A. made her day B. changed her mind C. caught her eye D. met her demand 主题语境:人与自我——做人与做事 学科素养:语言能力 1. 答案:D 解析:根据空格后一句中的 she likes to go to a nearby store 和第二段中的 but when she went to pay for her groceries 可知,作者应该是每周带母亲去购物 (shopping),故选D项。分析其他选项,exercise意为“锻炼”,housework意为“家务(劳动)”,cooking意为“做饭”,均不符合语境。 2. 答案:C 解析:根据设空前的“My mother is 9 2. Unless I have to be out of town, each week I take my mother to do her _______ and visit the doctor”可知,作者的母亲已经 92 岁了,每周作者都带着母亲去购物和看病,因此应 该是提供接送和陪伴(company),故选C项。分析其他选项,reward意为“回报”,medicine意为“药 品”,shelter意为“庇护”,均不符合语境。 3. 答案:D 解析:根据空格前的 go to a nearby store 以及空格后的 some small things she needs 可知,作者的母亲应当 是去附近的商店买(buy)她需要的一些小东西,故 选 D 项。分析其他选项,return意为“返回;归还”,collect意为“收集”,order意为“命令”,均不符合语境。 4. 答案:A 解析:根据空格后的“take off the _______ she could do without: a bottle of rubbing alcohol and a bar of soap” 可知,作者的母亲不得不放下一瓶医用酒精和一块 肥皂,说明她结账时应该是发现自己带的钱大概少 (short)3 美元。分析其他选项,cautious意为“谨慎的”,wrong意为“错误的”,concerned意为“关心的”,均不符合语境,故选A项。 5. 答案:B 解析:结合上题的解析可知,作者的母亲没有带够 钱,因此把可以不买的医用酒精和肥皂放下是她能 够支付得起这些东西的唯一解决办法(way),故选B项。分析其他选项,aim意为“目标”,advice意为 “建议”,reason意为“原因”,均不符合语境。 6. 答案:B 解析:第一段最后一句“During the week, however, she likes to go to a nearby store to _______ some small things she needs.”提到,作者的母亲喜欢去附近的商 店购买她需要的小东西。又根据本句冒号后的内容 a bottle of rubbing alcohol and a bar of soap 可知,此处 指母亲带的钱不够,只好放下一些她也可以不买的 东西(thing),故选B项。分析其他选项,weight意为“重物;重量”,mask意为“面具;面罩”,glass意为“玻璃杯”,均不符合语境。 7. 答案:C 解析:通过前面的 By taking off these 可知,作者的 母亲取出医用酒精和肥皂后,剩余商品的总价和她 随身携带的现金数额相当。bring... to...意为“使…… 处于某种状况”,故选C项。分析其他选项,raise意为“举起;抬起”,add意为“增加;添加”,switch意为“转变;改变”,均不符合语境。 8. 答案:C 解析:根据空格后的 then go off to the side 可知,人 们在这家商店应该是先结账(check out)然后才能到 一旁打包,故选C项。分析其他选项,show up意为 “出现;露面”,call in意为“召来;顺路拜访”,sit down意为“坐下”,均不符合语境。 9. 答案:D 解析:根据空格后一句中的 My mother was putting her groceries into shopping bags 可知,作者的母亲把 买的东西放到购物袋里。结合上一题的分析可知,人 们在这家商店是先结账,然后应是去一旁打包(bag) 自己购买的物品,故选D项。分析其他选项,store意为“贮藏”,select意为“挑选”,deliver意为“递 送”,均不符合语境。 10. 答案:A 解析:根据空格后的内容“...the woman’s name and address...”可知,母亲不知道这位女士的名字和地 址,她遇到的应该是一个陌生人(stranger),故选A项。分析其他选项,cashier意为“收银员”,friend意为“朋友”,doctor意为“医生”,均不符合语境。 11. 答案:D 解析:根据第二段第二句中的“take off the _______ she could do without”和第三句中的 By taking off these 可知,作者的母亲在结账时由于随身携带的钱不够,所 以取出了医用酒精和一块肥皂还给了商店。结合空 格处语境可知,这位陌生人应该是把母亲放回(put back)的东西又给了她,故选D项。分析其他选项,look for意为“寻找”,talk about意为“谈论”,throw away意为“扔掉”,均不符合语境。 12. 答案:B 解析:根据第二段第二句中的“take off the _______ she could do without: a bottle of rubbing alcohol and a bar of soap”可知,作者的母亲在其选购的商品中取出了 医用酒精和一块肥皂,因此这位女士应当是把酒精 和肥皂又买回,并给了母亲,soap 属于原词复现提 示,故选B项。分析其他选项,receipt意为“收据”,cash意为“现金”,bottle意为“瓶子”,均不符合语境。 13. 答案:A 解析:结合生活常识可知,陌生的女士帮助了作者的母亲,作者的母亲应该是想要询问(ask)这位 女士的姓名和地址,以便表达感谢,故选A项。分析其他选项,wait意为“等待”,care意为“在乎”,search意为“搜索”,均不符合语境。 14. 答案:A 解析:根据上文可知,这位陌生女士为作者的母亲 购买了一瓶医用酒精和一块肥皂,母亲询问其名字 和地址应是想要报答(repay)她的好意,故选A项。 分析其他选项,trust意为“信任 ”,recognize意为 “认出”,help意为“帮助”,均不符合语境。 15. 答案:C 解析:根据下一段“My mother was so _______ by her gesture that she decided to go back to the store and give the cashier a five-dollar bill to keep on hand _______ the same happened to someone else if they didn’t have enough _______ for all of their groceries.”可知,作者的母 亲又回到商店,给了收银员 5 美元,以此传递爱心。 由此可推断,这位女士并没打算让作者的母亲还钱,所以陌生人应是将其视为了一个礼物(gift),故选C项。 16. 答案:C 解析:根据空格后的 she decided to go back to the store and give the cashier a five-dollar bill to keep on hand 可知,作者的母亲后来又回到商店给了收银员一张 5 美元的钞票,想要把这份爱心传递下去,因此此处 应表示作者的母亲被陌生女士的行为感动(touched) 了,故选C项。分析其他选项,surprised意为“惊讶的”,amused意为“被逗乐的”,convinced意为“确 信的”,均不符合语境。 17. 答案:A 解析:根据空格后的“the same happened to someone else if they didn’t have enough _______ for all of their groceries”可知,作者的母亲给收银员一张 5 美元的 钞票,是想要以防(in case)同样的事情发生在其他 人身上,故选A项。分析其他选项,even if意为“即 使”,as though意为“好像”,so that意为“因此”,均不符合语境。 18. 答案:B 解析:根据上文的 the same 及空格后的 for all of their groceries 并结合母亲的经历可知,此处指作者的母亲 给收银员 5 美元的钞票是想要防止其他人没有足够的钱(money)来支付他们想要购买的东西,故选B项。分析其他选项,energy意为“能量”,space意为 “空间”,time意为“时间”,均不符合语境。 19. 答案:C 解析:通读全文可知,陌生女士帮助了母亲,这是 一种善举,kindness 符合语境,故选C项。分析其他选项,faith意为“信念 ”,courage意为“勇气 ”,honor意为“荣誉”,均不符合语境。 20. 答案:A 解析:作者的母亲不仅得到了陌生人的帮助,而且 还将这份善良传递了下去,她的内心自然是愉悦的。 分析选项,make one’s day意为“使某人开心”,符合 语境,故选A项。分析其他选项,change one’s mind意为“改变主意”,catch one’s eye意为“吸引某人的注意力 ”,meet one’s demand意为“满足某人的要求”。 Passage 17 (2022 全国Ⅰ真题) Young children across the globe enjoy playing games of hide and seek. For them, there’s something highly exciting about  1 someone else’s glance and making oneself unable to be seen. However, we all witness that preschool children are remarkably  2  at hiding. They often cover only their eyes with their hands, leaving the rest of their bodies  3 . For a long time, this ineffective hiding method was 4  as evidence that children are hopelessly “egocentric”(自我中心的) creatures. But our  5  research results in child developmental psychology  6  that idea. We brought young children aged 2-4 into our Minds in Development Lab at USC. Each  7  sat down with an adult who covered her own eyes or  8 . We then asked the child if she could 9  or hear the adult. Surprisingly, children replied that they couldn’t. The same  10  happened when the adult covered her own mouth:  11  children said that they couldn’t  12  to her. A number of 13  ruled out that the children misunderstood what they were being asked. The results were clear: Our young subjects  14  the questions and knew  15  what was asked of them. Their  16  to the questions reflected their true  17  that “I can see you only if you can see me, too.” They simply  18  mutual(相互的) recognition and regard. Our  19  suggest when a child “hides” by putting a blanket over her head, it is not a result of egocentrism. In fact, children consider this $$

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