内容正文:
2023-2024学年九年级英语下册单元模块满分必刷题(外研版)
Module 6 Eating together【刷语法】(重点语法提升练)
被动语态(中考真题+最新一模真题)
1.概念:
英语动词有两种语态,主动语态和被动语态。主动语态的主语是动作的执行者;被动语态的主语是动作的承受者,理解为“被……” 。
2. 结构:
被动语态的结构是“be+过去分词”,be动词有时态、人称和数的变化。当不知道动作的执行者或没必要指出动作的执行者,只强调突出动作的承受者时,用被动语态。
3. 被动语态的重难点:
难点(1):动词短语变成被动语态时,要保持完整,不能丢掉其中的介词或副词。
如:The old are taken good care of in the old people’s home.老人们在敬老院被照顾得很好。
难点(2):省略to的动词不定式,在被动语态中要还原to。
难点(3):不用被动语态的词,常见的有:
1. 五感官三变化两发生:look,smell,taste,feel,sound,become,get,turn,happen,take place。
如:The flowers smell nice.花闻起来很香。(不能用are smelt)
Great changes took place in China.中国发生了巨大变化。(不能用were taken place)
2. come out,belong to,break out,spread,appear,disappear也不用被动语态。
如:The CD came out yesterday.这个CD昨天就发行了。(不能用was come out)
3. 某些可以和“well,easily,smoothly” 连用的不及物动词,且主语是物体,不用被动语态。这类词有:read,write,draw,wash,clean,cook,sell,lock,open,cut。
如:This kind of pen writes very smoothly.这种笔写起来很流畅。(不能用is written)
This kind of shirt sells very well.这款裙子卖得很好。(不能用is sold)
难点(4):一些易混淆的被动语态用法
1.have sth. done=have sb. do sth.请别人做某事
如:I have my TV repaired.=I have someone repair my TV.我请人修电视。
2.It is said that … / It is believed that … / It is reported that … 据说 / 据认为 / 据报道
如:It’s said that the library has a long history.据说这个图书馆有悠久的历史。
3.grow表示种植时,有被动语态;grow表示成长,生长时,没有被动语态。
如:Rice is grown in the south of China.水稻种植在中国南方。
Rice grows well this year.水稻今年长得很好。(不能用is grown)
4.sth. need / require doing=sth. need / require to be done 需要 / 要求做某事
如:The flowers need watering.=The flowers need to be watered. 花需要浇水。
难点(5):带双宾语的动词变被动语态:
一、单项选择
1.(2023·辽宁鞍山·中考真题)—The traffic is more convenient than before.
—Yes. Another bridge ________ over this river last year.
A.is built B.was built C.builds D.will be built
2.(2023·辽宁朝阳·中考真题)—Quite a lot of endangered animals ________ in nature parks every year.
—That’s great! Animals are our friends.
A.protect B.were protected C.are protected D.protected
3.(2023·内蒙古·中考真题)—Students in our school ________ to swim in the rivers or lakes alone.
—That’s true. After all, s