2024届高三英语一轮复习常考介词讲义

语法专题一介词 (1) “on+名词或动名词”结构可以表示“... 就...” ● On my arrival/arriving home, I discovered they had gone. 我一到家就发现他们已经离开了。 Point 2 in，after 的用法 (1) in 与 after 都可表示“在之后”,当它们用于一般将来时态时,in 后接时间段, after后接时间点。 ●He wrote the book in two years. 他在两年时间里写完了这本书。(in 表示“在.之内”) ●The results will be announced in two weeks' time. 结果将于两周后宣布 (in表示“在 之后”) ●My brother will go there after five o’clock. (2) 当用于过去时态时,只用after ●They finished the task after two days. ●They went to the movies after supper. Point 3 before，by的用法 (1) by 表示“不迟于某时”,包括某时在内。by 往往和完成时连用; ● In fact, half of the 6,000-7,000 languages spoken around the world today will likely die out by the next century, according to the UNESCO. ● By the closing decades of the 19th century, the hardwood forests where passenger pigeons nested had been damaged by American's need for wood. (2) before 后接时间点,表示“在某时之前”, 不包括某时在内。 ●I will be back before supper time. Point 4 until，till 的用法 until 在肯定句中表示动作一直持续到......时间为止;在否定句中和非延续性动词连用 ● This shop will be closed for repairs until further notice. 在另行通知前,这家商店将停业维修。 ● The shop won't open until next month. 那家商店下个月才能开业。 Point 5 during，through，over 的用法 (1) during表示在整个时间段内或在一段时间内的某个时候，意为“在期间"。 ● During the summer we spend a lot of time out of doors. (3) through表示在整个时间段内,意为“自始至终”(此时与throughout 用法相同)。 ● The cold weather continued through the spring. (4) over表示在一段时间内的某一个或多个不同时间点,意为“在-期间”。 ● Over coffee our host told us a little about the history of the house. ● The spend power of the pound have fallen over the last ten years. 在过去十年里，英镑的购买力已下跌。 分考点2 表示方位的介词 Point 1 on，above，over 的用法 1) on 是指在某物的表面上,与物体表面接触。其反义词是 beneath。 ●There is a picture on the wall. 2) above指在物体表面上方,但并不一定是垂直向上。(还可指数量、水平等“超过。)其反义词是 below。 ●The plane New above the clouds. over指离开物体表面而在物体的正上方。其反义词是under。[还可表示“超出(某一数目、数量或程度)。 ● A lamp hung over the table. Point 2 across, through, past, over， along 的用法 1) across指从一平面横穿或“在.对面”,表示动作在物体的表面进 They ran straight acro