2023-2024学年初高中衔接英语课之动词时态 导学案

初高中衔接----动词时态 1

【预习案】

【学习目标】

1. 掌握一般现在时的用法和构成;
2. 掌握一般现在时的疑问句、否定句的构成;
3. 掌握动词第三人称单数形式的构成方法。

【重点、难点】掌握一般现在时的用法和构成。

1.                                                       知识回顾

                                                判断以下各句中分别使用了什么时态：

1)    I play football every Saturday. _____________________

2)    I played football last Saturday.  ____________________

3)    I will play football this Saturday.  ____________________

4)    I am playing football now.  ____________________

5)    I was playing football this time last Saturday.  ____________________

6)    He has been playing football all morning. ____________________

7)    He has played football for 3 hours. ____________________

 

                                                学习时态牢牢抓住两要素：____________、_____________

 

2.                                                       一般现在时：

表示现在经常性、习惯性的动作或现在存在的状态。也可表示主语的性格、特征、能力等。

         构成： 实义动词 _______________________

be动词 _________________________

                                                用be动词的正确形式填空：

1)    I ___________ Chinese.

2)    You _______________ Chinese.

3)    He _____________  Chinese.

4)    We ____________ Chinese.

5)    They _____________ Chinese.

6)    This girl ______________ Chinese.

7)    These girls ________________ Chinese.

 

         用get的正确形式填空

1)    I _________ up at 7:00 every morning.

2)    You ______________ up at 7:00 every morning.

3)    She _________________ up at 7:00 every morning.

4)    My father _________________ up at 7:00 every morning.

5)    My classmates ________________ up at 7:00 every morning.

6)    The weather ________________  warm in spring.

 

3. 第三人称单数动词的构成

情　　况	加　　法	例　　词
一般情况	加-s	read_________ write_________
以s, x, o, ch, sh结尾的词	加-es	guess_________ fix_________ go_________ wash_________ watch_________
以“辅音字母＋y”结尾的词	把y变成i再加-es	study_________ carry_________ say_________

注：have的第三人称单数是has。

 

                                                动词词尾加上-s或-es以后的发音规律：

1)                                                动词后加s: 清清浊浊元也浊:   asks,  plans,   cries,   goes.

2)                                                在[s] [z] [] [t] [ʤ]等音后发[iz]   fixes,  rises,  changes.

 

4.                                                       其它用法　

一般现在时还可以表示：

1）客观事实和普遍真理；The sun rises in the east.

2）按规定、计划或时间表将要发生的事（此用法通常限于表示运动的动词，如go, come, leave, start, arrive, begin, take off等，其后通常有表示将来的时间状语）；

My plane takes off at 10 o’clock.

3）用在格言、电影说明或剧情介绍、新闻标题或小说章节题目、电视解说词、图片或剧本动作说明等(了解即可)；

The movie reflects the cultural shock between two kinds of completely different culture.

4）用在时间、条件状语从句中表示将来的动作。

If you work hard, you will succeed.

 

5.                                                       疑问句与否定句

                                                你还记得把一个句子变成一般疑问句的规则吗？

1）                                                      如果句子本身含有助动词（be动词，情态动词），______________________________.

2）                                                      如果句子本身不含有助动词（be动词，情态动词），_____________________________________.

                                                把一个句子变成否定句：

1)                                                         如果句子本身含有助动词（be动词，情态动词），在助动词之后加not.

2)                                                         如果句子本身不含有助动词（be动词，情态动词），添加助动词do(does,did) not到谓语动词之前，谓语动词同时还成原形。

The boy goes to school every day.

→一般疑问句：___________________________________

→否定句：___________________________________

 

【当堂训练】

1. 写出下列动词的第三人称单数  

drink ________  go _______  stay ________  make ________     look _________ 

have_______  pass_______  carry _______     come________    watch________ 

fly ________     study_______  brush________  do_________   teach_______ 

2. 用括号内动词的适当形式填空。   

1) He often ________(have) dinner at home.    

2) Daniel and Tommy _______(be) in Class One.    

3) We _____________(not watch) TV on Monday.    

4) Nick ____________(not go) to the zoo on Sunday.    

5) ______ they ________(like) the World Cup?    

6) What _______they often _______(do) on Saturdays?    

7) _______ your parents _______(read) newspapers every day?  

8) The girl __________(teach) us English on Sundays. 

9)  There ________(be) some water in the bottle.

10)  _________________ (advertise) are an important part of our lives. 

 

3. 把以下句子改成疑问句和否定句：

1)    She speaks Chinese.

2)    _______________________________; ______________________________________

3)    They are from the USA.

4)    _______________________________; ______________________________________

5)    They always go to bed at 10:00 in the evening.

6)    _______________________________; ______________________________________

7)    A father accepting responsibility for behavior problems is linked with positive outcomes.

8)    _______________________________; ______________________________________