指向主旨概括的阅读理解解题法 讲义-2024届高考英语二轮复习

指向主旨概括的阅读理解解题法练习 阅读理解篇章从体裁上可以分为应用文、说明文和记叙文三大类，而这三大类虽然文体不同，但都蕴含着各自的主题，也就是中心话题。 中心话题在说明文和应用文的位置往往是在语篇前面，而记叙文的中心话题则往往在语篇最后，为了方便记忆，我们也可以说说明文和应用文往往采取开门见山的形式引出主题，而记叙文则往往使用盖棺定论的形式来引出主题。 引出说明文、应用文主题的手法往往有直白法、事例法、提问法、反衬法和综合法这四种手法，而记叙文的主题手法却相对单一，那就是升华法，画龙点睛升华主题。 确定每篇文章的主题相当重要，因为一旦确定了语篇主题，那么把控语篇结构的难度就会大大降低，更不用说把握细节内容和衔接部分，所以，确定说明文、应用文和记叙文的主题，就如同点亮每一篇语篇的灯，照亮全篇文章的所有角落。 下面结合浙江省绍兴会稽联盟2023-2024学年高二上学期期末联考英语试题四篇语篇材料，通过确定每一篇语篇的主题来解答相应的主题概括题，从而帮助我们了解主题概括题的设题特点以及解题具体思路。 A The royal homes of kings and emperors reflect their architecture style and wealth. Today most of greatest palaces become worldwide popular tourist attractions. Visiting such great palaces helps to explore history of kingdom and the lifestyle of a time. Here is the list of 4 most amazing palaces in the world. ◎ Palace of Versailles, France Palace of Versailles was built in 1624 by King Louis VIII as a hunting lodge and was later expanded into the largest palace by its successors, serving as permanent residence until 1789. It features 700 rooms, more than 1200 fireplaces and 60 staircases. ◎ Potala Palace, China As one of the most splendid monuments, the construction of this palace originally started in 7th century and transformed into today’s form in 1936. It features most treasured Tibetan architectural marvels. The palace remained as the tallest building in the world from 1653 to 1889, and you can see entire Lhasa from the roof of the palace. ◎ Alhambra Palace, Spain Situated in the city of Andalusia in Spain, this palace was first constructed in 9th century, damaged and ignored for more than 2 centuries. It was renovated by Muhammad ben Al-Ahmar in 13th century and was transformed into current palace by Sultan of Granada in 1333. This originally whitewashed palace, standing tall at hilltop for centuries of baking in sunlight, takes on a reddish look, with a view over the city. ◎ Pena Palace, Portugal Initially built as a monastery, Pena Palace was protected for centuries by one king after another. But it suffered