2024年外研版中考英语语法复习简单句的五种基本句型讲义

简单句的五种基本句型 五种基本句型结构 一、句型1: Subject (主语) + Verb (谓语) (动词为不及物动词) The red sun rises in the east.红彤彤的太阳从东方升起来。 Lucy and Mary get up early every morning.露西和玛丽每天早上很早就起床。 His parents have worked in the company for ten years. 他的父母在这家公司工作十年了。 What he said does not matter.他说的话不重要。 They had to travel by boat.他们不得不乘船旅行。 The egg hatched. 这只蛋孵化了。 The accident happened because of his carelessness. 这次事故发生是因为他的粗细大意。 It weighs nearly 27 kilos (about 65 pounds) 它重近27千克(约65磅)。 二、句型2:Subject (主语) + Link. V(系动词) + Predicate(表语) Our English teacher is thirty years old.我们的英语老师30岁了。 The cake tastes delicious.这个蛋糕吃起来很可口。 The potatoes went bad in the field.土豆在地里就坏了。 They seemed very happy together.他们在一起好像很幸福。 It gets colder and colder.天气越来越冷了。 The leaves have turned yellow. 树叶已经变黄了。 三、句型3: Subject(主语) + Verb (谓语)(谓语为及物动词) + Object (宾语) He put the dictionary in the backpack. 他把词典放进了背包里。 I saw her just now and she was doing her homework in the classroom. 我刚才看到她了,她正在教室做作业。 They haven’t decided when and where to hold the party. 他们还没有决定什么时候、在哪儿举办这次聚会。 She stopped teaching English two years ago. 她两年前就不教英语了。 Do you know when he left for Beijing? 你知道他什么时候去的北京吗? Mother promised to give me a present. 母亲答应要给我一件礼物。 Would you mind opening the window?打开窗户你介意吗? 注意:跟不定式to do 作宾语的动词有: 打算(intend)计划(plan)和期盼(expect) 假装(pretend)喜欢(would like)表祝愿(wish) 决定(decide)同意(agree)设法(manage)说服(persuade)不拒绝(refuse) 好像(seem/appear)答应(promise)做努力(attempt)失败(fail)也付得起(afford) 注意:常要求接“疑问词+不定式”作宾语的动词有ask, consider, decide, discover, explain, find out, forget, guess, know, learn, remember, tell, think, understand, wonder等。 注意:只接动词的-ing形式而不接不定式作宾语的动词有 admit 承认 appreciate 感激 avoid 避免 consider 考虑 delay 耽搁 dislike 嫌恶 enjoy 喜欢 escape 避免 excuse 原谅 fancy 想不到 feel like 意欲 finish 完成 forgive 原谅 give up 放弃 cannot help 情不自禁 imagine 设想 include 包括 keep 保持 mention 提及 mind 介意 miss 逃过 put off 推迟 practice 练习 resist 抵制 risk 冒险 四、句型4: Subject(主语)+Verb(谓语)+ Indirect object(间接宾语)+Direct object (直接宾语) Mr.Smith taught us English last year. 史密斯先生去年教我们英语