内容正文:
Module 4语法归纳
现在完成时(3)
当表示动作或状态从过去某时开始,一直延续到现在,可能刚刚结束,也可能继续下去时,我们也可以用现在完成时。如:
He has lived here since 1978.
自从 1978年以来,他一直住在这里。(动作起始于1978年,一直持续到现在,可能还要继续下去)I have been in the army for more than five years.我已经在陆军部队待了五年多了。(动作开始于五年多以前,一直延续至今,有可能还要继续下去)
1.特点
此种用法的句中常包含一个由 for 或 since 引导的表示一段时间的时间状语,或表示与现在相关的时间状语,如up to now.so far等。如:
I have heard nothing from him up to now.到目前为止我没有收到他的任何消息。注意:在这样的现在完成时的句子中,谓语动词只能用延续性动词,不能用非延续性动词,如 come,go,arrive,leave,join,become,die等。如:
He has been in the club for three years.
他加入该俱乐部已经三年了。
2.非延续性动词与延续性动词的转化
非延续性动词不能直接和for或since连用,但可以用一个相应的延续性动词(短语)来替换。如:come -- be there, arrive in(at)/reach/get to/come to-→bein/at,go out -- be out, leave -- be away (from), begin - be on, stop -- be over, buy --have, borrow → keep, open -- be open, close --be closed, join → be a member of, die -- be dead,catch a cold -- have a cold.get to know-know.become a teacher →-be a teacher, fall asleep -- be asleep,get married/marry → be married, fall ill -be ill等。
小试牛刀
用所给词的适当形式填空
1.I (teach) English for 15 years.
2.-How long the Smiths (stay)here?
-For two weeks.
3.She (be) ill for three days.
4.She (not read) this book before.
5. you ever (travel) on a train before?
6.-Wei Hua (come)yet?
-Yes.She (come) just now.
7,-How long you (learn)English?
-For more than two years.
8.They (live) in China since they (move)there.
9.My father just (come) back from work. He is tired now.
10.I (work) here since l (move)here in 2020.
习作
身体健康是我们每个人的追求,如何保持健康是我们共同探究的问题。请以"How to keep healthy?"为题,写一篇短文。70词左右。
教你两招
1.【秘笈】
本文是一篇议论文。写文章时,首先要写出健康的重要性,然后写出怎样保持健康。特别要注意的是,在写怎样保持健康时,可以用first,second,third等分条列出,最后要有总结语。时态选用一般现在时即可。
2.【储备仓】
(1)more and more people 越来越多的人
(2)keep in good health保持健康
(3)instead of代替;而不是
(4)a good way to do sth.做某事的好方法
(5)have a good rest 好好休息
仿写
How to keep healthy?